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Metro Clark

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Metro Clark
Metro Angeles
Metropolitan area
From left to right: Clark Freeport Zone entrance, Bayanihan Park, New Clark City Sports Hub, San Guillermo Parish Church, Capas National Shrine, AUF Sports and Cultural Center, Giant Lantern Festival
CountryPhilippines
RegionCentral Luzon (Region III)
ProvincesPampanga
Tarlac
CitiesPampanga:
Angeles
Mabalacat
San Fernando
MunicipalitiesPampanga:
Arayat
Bacolor
Lubao
Magalang
Mexico
Porac
Santo Tomas

Tarlac:
Bamban
Capas
Largest cityAngeles City
Population
 (2020)
1.6 million

Metro Clark, also known as Metro Angeles,[1] is an urban area in Pampanga and Tarlac, Philippines. It is primarily composed of three cities and nine municipalities. Its urban core consists of Angeles, San Fernando, and Mabalacat.[2][3][4] It is a major urban area of the Philippines[1] and is considered the industrial and residential center of Central Luzon.[3]

Anchored on Clark International Airport and the Clark Special Economic Zone, the area's economy is based on transportation, logistics, education, commerce, banking, manufacturing and healthcare. It is also a major population center, housing 38% of people living in Pampanga, and 8% of all people living in Central Luzon. It is touted to be the second major metropolitan area in Luzon, serving as a "countermagnet" to Metro Manila and the Greater Manila Area, and also as a means to decongest the national capital region, metropolitan area, and urbanization region.[5][6][7][8][9]

Etymology

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Metro Clark is named after the Clark Air Base, a military airbase that has been converted into a freeport zone and a commercial airport serving North and Central Luzon.

In the past, several names have been used to label the urban area of Pampanga centered on its capital San Fernando and adjacent towns to the airbase, namely, Angeles and Mabalacat. These include Metro Angeles,[1] San Fernando-Angeles metropolitan area,[2] Metro Pampanga,[10] Pampanga Triangle,[11] and the Pampanga Golden Triangle. [12]

In 2017, in its most recent national development plan, the National Economic Development Authority identified Metro Clark as one of the regional centers in the country.[13]

Definition

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The urban core of Metro Clark is composed of the cities of Angeles, San Fernando and Mabalacat.[2][14]

Meanwhile, several municipalities form the urban fringe. Magalang, Arayat, Mexico, Santo Tomas, Bacolor, Lubao, Porac of Pampanga; and Bamban and Capas of Tarlac all have been recognised as towns supporting the urban core of Metro Clark.[3]

The Metro Clark Advisory Board created in 1993 lists Angeles, Mabalacat, Porac, Capas and Bamban as members. All of these four local government units directly border the Clark Freeport Zone.[15]

  •  ∗  Urban Core
  •   Urban Fringe
City or Municipality Population (2020) Land Area (in km2) Population Density (per km2)
Angeles* 462,928 63.37 7,305.16
San Fernando* 354,666 67.74 5,235.70
Mabalacat* 293,244 82.20 3,567.45
Arayat 133,492 134.48 992.65
Bacolor 48,066 71.70 670.38
Lubao 173,502 155.77 1,113.83
Magalang 124,188 97.32 1,276.08
Mexico 173,403 117.41 1,476.90
Santo Tomas 42,846 21.30 2,011.55
Bamban, Tarlac 78,260 251.98 310.58
Capas, Tarlac 156,056 376.39 414.61
Urban Core only 1,110,838 213.31 5,207.62
Total 2,040,651 1,439.66 1,417.45

Geography

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The urban core of the metropolitan area sits in northern Pampanga in Central Luzon. It is in the eastern foot of Mt. Pinatubo, an active volcano that last erupted in 1991.[16] It is roughly 98 meters above sea level and is around 82 kilometers north of Metro Manila.[17]

The area forms an elongated area roughly starting from San Fernando, the capital city of Pampanga and runs in a northwesterly direction following the Jose Abad Santos Avenue and the expressway (North Luzon Expressway). It ends in the cities of Angeles and Mabalacat, which have formed a single contiguous urban area.[4]

Economy

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As the economic center of Central Luzon, Metro Clark supports a diverse and robust economy anchored on transportation and storage, offshoring, and manufacturing.[18][19]

The biggest freeport zone in Central Luzon, the Clark Freeport Zone (CFZ), was established in 1993. As of the end of August 2023, there are 1,113 business locators here that employ 136,836 regular workers.[20] There are around 60 business process outsourcing company locators in CFZ.[21] In 2019, the freeport was also identified as the top manufacturer of electronics exports of Central Luzon.[22] Other locators include electric vehicle,[23] food and furniture manufacturers.

Metro Clark is also a real estate hotspot, just behind Manila and Cebu, as it holds of 17% newly-leased space nationwide in 2023.[24] According to real estate search website Lamudi, Clark is a strong regional market, with an 800% increase in leads online between 2018 and 2019.[25] Several major real estate companies have launched township projects in the area.[26] It is considered ripe for luxury projects targeting affluent markets in Angeles and San Fernando; as well as industrial developments.[27] From 2022 to 2026, professional services firm Colliers also projects the delivery of 150 condominium units annually, with San Fernando covering about 62% of the new supply during that period.[28]

The urban area also has a burgeoning hotel and leisure sector. As of June 2019, there are about 31 deluxe and traditional hotels within the trade area with a total supply of 5,020 rooms, dominated by deluxe hotels based on the number of keys.[29]

According to the PDIC, in 2021, there are 221 banking offices in the urban area, which is 65% of all banking offices in the province of Pampanga. The urban area also held 260 billion pesos in banking deposits, representing 84% of the total banking deposits in the province.[30]

Politics

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The urban area is represented in the lower house of the Philippines as part of Pampanga province: San Fernando is part of the 3rd District of Pampanga; while Angeles and Mabalacat are parts of the 1st District.

San Fernando and Mabalacat are both component cities which means they are still able to vote for provincial officials. Angeles is a highly-urbanized city, which means it is administratively independent of Pampanga, but is grouped with the province for representational purposes.

Arts and culture

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San Fernando is considered the heart of Kapampangan culture. Pampanga itself is widely considered to be the culinary capital of the Philippines.[31] Sisig was created in Angeles.

At the moment, the area is served by five museums.[32] The Museum of Philippine Arts and Culture in Angeles is the most recent addition. Some other notable ones include Museo ning Angeles, which was established in 1999 showcasing history of Angeles City; the Museum of Philippine Social History in San Fernando, which is housed in the historic Pamintuan Mansion; and Clark 4D Museum hosting interactive displays on the history of Clark.[33]

Education

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The metropolitan area is home to some of Central Luzon's first universities, including Angeles University Foundation (elevated 1971), University of the Assumption (elevated 1980), and Holy Angel University (elevated 1980). The University of the Philippines Diliman Extension Program in Pampanga (established 1979), is located inside Clark Freeport.

Transportation

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Metro Clark is served by a major airport, an upcoming railway line and several major roads.

Clark International Airport is branded as the gateway to North and Central Luzon.[34] It is the country's 17th busiest airport in 2022. It opened for commercial flights in 1996, and underwent several expansions in the 2010s.[35] In 2022, its new passenger terminal building opened.[36] In May 2023, the airport serviced 73,226 domestic passengers and 115,847 international passengers, which were 617% and 134% higher, respectively, than in May 2022.[37]

The under-construction railway line, North-South Commuter Railway (NSCR) will serve communities in Metro Clark when it is completed in 2029. Stations will be built in San Fernando, Angeles, and Clark International Airport. Once operational, the NSCR is expected to service as many as 800,000 passengers daily and cut travel time from Clark International Airport in Pampanga to Calamba, Laguna to less than two hours.[38]

Buses are also a popular form of transport. Dau Bus Terminal in Mabalacat, Pampanga is a major interchange from buses from Metro Manila. It serves routes going to Bataan, Tarlac, Zambales, and most destinations to the north, such as Baguio, Pangasinan and Nueva Ecija.[39]

Major highways that run through Metro Clark include Jose Abad Santos Avenue, the North Luzon Expressway and the Subic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "National Urban Development and Housing Framework 2008-2010" (PDF). Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  2. ^ a b c "Subic Bay Masterplan 1992" (PDF). Japan International Cooperation Agency. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  3. ^ a b c "Central Luzon Development Report 2020" (PDF). National Economic Development Authority - Central Luzon. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  4. ^ a b Orbon; Dizon; Beltran; Dungca. "Proposed Transport Plan for Angeles City, Pampanga". Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  5. ^ "Clark pushed as alternative to decongest Metro Manila". SunStar Publishing Inc. December 23, 2015. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  6. ^ "Pampanga Megalopolis plan expected to ease congestion in Metro Manila". SunStar Publishing Inc. February 16, 2022. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  7. ^ Del Rosario, Marna (February 8, 2018). "Pampanga Megalopolis Plan: Strongest counter-magnet to MM". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  8. ^ "2020 Census of Population and Housing (2020 CPH) Population Counts Declared Official by the President | Philippine Statistics Authority | Republic of the Philippines". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  9. ^ Einsiedel, Nathaniel Von (November 25, 2020). "Vision 2030: A Regional Spatial Strategy for Metro Luzon". BluPrint. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  10. ^ "Regional Economic Developments in the Philippines" (PDF). Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas. p. 6. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  11. ^ "Ranking Pampanga officials mull dev't of eastern part of province into tourism, agri zones | Politiko South Luzon". southluzon.politics.com.ph. Politiko. November 1, 2016. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  12. ^ Abadilla, Emmie. "Pampanga aspiring to be megalopolis". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  13. ^ "Philippine Development Plan 2017-2022" (PDF). National Economic Development Authority. p. 44. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  14. ^ "Luzon Spatial Development Framework 2015-2045" (PDF). Regional Development Council - Cagayan Valley. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  15. ^ "CDC, Widus, Pagcor share 'spirit of bayanihan' to Metro Clark LGUs". BusinessMirror. November 27, 2020. Retrieved June 16, 2021.
  16. ^ "Mount Pinatubo - Britannica". www.britannica.com. November 10, 2023. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  17. ^ "Angeles - Britannica". www.britannica.com. November 18, 2023. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  18. ^ "Better infrastructure opens new opportunities for Clark". BusinessWorld Online. June 29, 2021. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  19. ^ "Eastern Communications expands footprint in Clark, Pampanga". Eastern. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  20. ^ Malig, Jun A. (October 22, 2023). "Clark Freeport: An epicenter of growth". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  21. ^ "Additional office space to bring more BPO, POGO companies in Clark". KMC Mag Group. August 1, 2019. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  22. ^ "Clark is Central Luzon's top source of export on electronics". SunStar Publishing Inc. March 20, 2019. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  23. ^ Talavera, Catherine (November 3, 2023). "Clark eyes more EV manufacturers". Philstar.com. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  24. ^ Camus, Miguel R. (December 18, 2023). "PH Office market turns in surprise '23 performance". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved March 6, 2024.
  25. ^ "Key provincial cities showing strong property sector growth". Innoland Development Corp. May 23, 2019. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  26. ^ "Six Philippine real estate developers and their top projects in Pampanga". MyProperty.ph. February 13, 2019. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  27. ^ Bondoc, Joey (July 6, 2023). "Emerging real estate trends outside Metro Manila". Property Report. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  28. ^ Bondoc, Joey. "Rise of the north: Pampanga". Colliers Philippines. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  29. ^ "Clark Beyond Business: MICE and Leisure". KMC Mag Group. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  30. ^ "Philippine Banking System - Distribution of Domestic Deposits". www.pdic.gov.ph. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  31. ^ "Why Pampanga Is the Culinary Capital of the Philippines". Airasia.com. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  32. ^ Orejas, Tonette T. (July 16, 2023). "Up close with national artists in this Pampanga museum". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  33. ^ "Clark Museum and 4D Theater". museu.ms. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  34. ^ "Welcome to Clark International Airport | CRK Official Site". Clark International Airport | CRK Official Website. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  35. ^ "Clark (formerly Diosdado Macapagal) International Airport". Airport Technology. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  36. ^ "The Philippines' Clark International Airport's new terminal: a child of the COVID-19 pandemic". CAPA - Centre for Aviation. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  37. ^ "Clark airport passengers up 217% in May". BusinessWorld Online. June 22, 2023. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  38. ^ "North-South Commuter Rail opens partially in 3Q 2026". PortCalls Asia. March 4, 2023. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  39. ^ "Dau Terminal Bus Schedule". Commute Tour. January 1, 2023. Retrieved November 19, 2023.

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