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marmalade is niiiiiiiiice :D

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+marmalade is niiiiiiiiice :D
-{{otheruses}}
-[[Image:Sevilleorangemarmalade.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A jar of homemade [[Bitter orange|Seville orange]] marmalade]]
-British-style '''marmalade''' is a sweet [[fruit preserves|preserve]] with a bitter tang made from [[fruit]], [[sugar]], water, and (in some commercial brands) a [[gelling agent]].  American-style marmalade is sweet, not bitter.  In English-speaking usage "marmalade" almost always refers to a preserve derived from a [[citrus fruit]], most commonly oranges. The recipe includes sliced or chopped [[peel (fruit)|fruit peel]], which is simmered in fruit juice and water until soft; indeed marmalade is sometimes described as [[jam]] with fruit peel. Such marmalade is most often consumed on [[toast]]ed [[bread]] for breakfast. The favoured citrus fruit for marmalade production in the UK is the "[[Seville orange]]", ''Citrus aurantium'' var. ''aurantium'', thus called because it was originally imported from [[Seville]] in [[Spain]]; it is higher in [[pectin]] than [[orange (fruit)|sweet oranges]], and therefore gives a good set. Marmalade can also be made from [[lemon]]s, [[lime (fruit)|limes]], [[grapefruit]]s, strawberries or a combination.
-==Origins==
-[[Image:Marmalade spread on bread.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Lemon marmalade spread on a slice of bread]]
-According to the ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]],'' "marmalade" appeared in English in 1480, borrowed from French ''marmelade'' which, in turn, came from the Portuguese ''marmelada.'' Originally, according to the root of the word, which is ''marmelo'', "[[quince]]", a preserve made from quinces was intended. ''Marmelo'' in turn derives from Latin ''melimelum'', “honey apple”<ref>''Klein’s Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language''. There is no truth whatsoever to the [[folk etymology]] which states that the word derives from "Marie malade" (French for "ill Mary"), referring to [[Mary I of Scotland|Mary, Queen of Scots]] (alternatively [[Marie Antoinette]]), because she used it as a medicine for a [[headache]] or upset stomach.</ref> According to José Pedro Machado’s ''Dicionário Etimológico da Língua Portuguesa''<ref>"Etymological Dictionary of the Portuguese Language"</ref>, the oldest known document where this Portuguese word is to be found is [[Gil Vicente]]’s play ''Comédia de Rubena'', written in 1521:
-:''Temos tanta marmelada
-:Que minha mãe vai me dar''<ref>Translation: "We have so much quince jelly/ That my mother will give me some." [http://www.quimera-editores.com/vicente/pdf/Rubena.pdf Maria João Amaral, ed. Gil Vicente, ''Rubena'' (Lisbon:Quimera) 1961 (e-book)]</ref>
-The ancient Romans learned from the Greeks that quinces slowly cooked with honey would "set" when cool (though they did not know about fruit [[pectin]]). Greek ''melimēlon'' or "honey fruit"&mdash;for most quinces are too astringent to be used without honey, and in Greek "mēlon" or "apple" stands for all globular fruits&mdash;was transformed into ''"marmelo."'' The Roman cookbook attributed to [[Apicius]] gives a recipe for preserving whole quinces with their stems and leaves attached in a bath of honey diluted with [[defrutum]]: Roman marmalade.
-The extension of "marmalade" in the [[English language]] to refer to citrus fruits was made in the [[17th century]], when citrus first began to be plentiful enough in [[England]] for the usage to become common. In some languages of continental [[Europe]] a word sharing a root with "marmalade" refers to all gelled fruit conserves, and those derived from citrus fruits merit no special word of their own. Due to British influence, only citrus products now may be sold as "marmalade" in the [[European Union]] (with certain exceptions), which has led to considerable complaints from those other countries.
-==Dundee marmalade==
-The [[Scotland|Scottish]] city of [[Dundee, Scotland|Dundee]] has a long association with marmalade. The oft-related story of how this came about begins sometime in the [[1700s]] when a [[Spain|Spanish]] ship with a cargo of Seville oranges docked in Dundee harbour to shelter from storms. A grocer by the name of James Keiller bought a vast amount of the cargo at a knock-down price, but found it impossible to sell the bitter oranges to his customers. He passed the oranges on to his wife Janet who used them instead of the normal [[quince]]s to make a fruit preserve. The marmalade proved extremely popular and the Keiller family went in to business producing marmalade. However this is almost complete fiction. The truth is that in [[1797]], James Keiller, who was unmarried at the time, and his mother Janet opened a factory to produce "Dundee Marmalade", that is marmalade containing thick chunks of orange rind, this recipe (probably invented by his mother) being a new twist on the already well-known fruit preserve of orange marmalade.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}
-==Notes==
-{{reflist}}
-==Further reading==
-* [[Succade]]
-* {{cite book |last=Allen |first=Brigid |title=Cooper's Oxford: A history of Frank Cooper Limited |year=1989}}
-* {{cite book |last=Mathew |first=W. M. |title=Keiller's Of Dundee: The Rise of the Marmalade Dynasty 1800-1879}}
-* {{cite book |last=Mathew |first=W. M. |title=The Secret History of Guernsey Marmalade}}
-* {{cite book |last=Wilson |first=C. Anne |title=The Book of Marmalade}}
-==External links==
-*[http://www.marmaland.com/facts.html Marmaland]
-*[http://www.recipeomnibus.com/page11.htm Recipe for Marmalade Pudding] at Recipe Omnibus
-[[Category:Spreads]]
-[[ar:مرملاد]]
-[[bg:Мармалад]]
-[[da:Marmelade]]
-[[de:Marmelade]]
-[[cs:Marmeláda]]
-[[fa:مارمالاد]]
-[[hr:Marmelada]]
-[[it:Marmellata]]
-[[ja:マーマレード]]
-[[ko:마멀레이드]]
-[[pl:Marmolada]]
-[[pt:Marmelada]]
-[[sl:Marmelada]]
-[[fi:Marmeladi]]
-[[sv:Marmelad]]
-[[tr:Marmelat]]