Marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve

Marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve
Marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve
	Plan of the facial and intermediate nerves and their communication with other nerves. (Labeled at center bottom, second from bottom, as "Mandibular".)
	The nerves of the scalp, face, and side of neck.
Details
From	Facial nerve
Identifiers
Latin	ramus marginalis mandibularis nervi facialis
TA98	A14.2.01.113
TA2	6305
FMA	53365
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]

The marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve arises from the facial nerve (CN VII) in the parotid gland at the parotid plexus. It passes anterior-ward deep to the platysma and depressor anguli oris muscles. It provides motor innervation to muscles of the lower lip and chin:^{[citation needed]} the depressor labii inferioris muscle, depressor anguli oris muscle, and mentalis muscle.^[1] It communicates with the mental branch of the inferior alveolar nerve.^{[citation needed]}

Clinical significance

Iatrogenic damage

The marginal mandibular nerve may be injured during surgery in the neck region, especially during excision of the submandibular salivary gland or during neck dissections due to lack of accurate knowledge of variations in the course, branches and relations. An injury to this nerve during a surgical procedure can distort the expression of the smile as well as other facial expressions. The marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve is found superficial to the facial artery and (anterior) facial vein. Thus the facial artery can be used as an important landmark in locating the marginal mandibular nerve during surgical procedures.^[2] Damage can cause paralysis of the three muscles it supplies, which can cause an asymmetrical smile due to lack of contraction of the depressor labii inferioris muscle.^[3] This may be corrected with resection of the muscle, which tends to be successful.^[3]

Additional images

Lateral head anatomy detail
Lateral head anatomy detail. Neonatal dissection.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 905 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ Drake, Richard (2010). Gray's Anatomy of students. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone elseveier. pp. 855–866. ISBN 978-0-443-06952-9.
^ Batra APS, Mahajan A, Gupta K. Marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve: An anatomical study. Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India. 2010;43(1):60-64. doi:10.4103/0970-0358.63968.
^ ^a ^b Hussain, G; Manktelow, R.T; Tomat, L.R (September 2004). "Depressor labii inferioris resection: an effective treatment for marginal mandibular nerve paralysis". British Journal of Plastic Surgery. 57 (6): 502–510. doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2004.04.003. ISSN 0007-1226. PMID 15308395.

External links

Anatomy photo:23:06-0103 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Branches of Facial Nerve (CN VII)"
lesson4 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (parotid3)
cranialnerves at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (VII)
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/figures/chapter_47/47-5.HTM

[1] Drake, Richard (2010). Gray's Anatomy of students. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone elseveier. pp. 855–866. ISBN 978-0-443-06952-9.

[2] Batra APS, Mahajan A, Gupta K. Marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve: An anatomical study. Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India. 2010;43(1):60-64. doi:10.4103/0970-0358.63968.

[:0-3] Hussain, G; Manktelow, R.T; Tomat, L.R (September 2004). "Depressor labii inferioris resection: an effective treatment for marginal mandibular nerve paralysis". British Journal of Plastic Surgery. 57 (6): 502–510. doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2004.04.003. ISSN 0007-1226. PMID 15308395.

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