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List of Holden vehicles by series

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(Redirected from List of Statesman vehicles)

See also: List of Holden vehicles

Holden VYs: Commodore (left) and Berlina (right). Both VY models are essentially identical; hence the shared "VY" model code. The only considerable difference between the "Holden Commodore" and "Holden Berlina" is the luxury level, and in the case of the examples illustrated, body style; the Commodore pictured is a station wagon, the Berlina a sedan. However, both body variants are available on either model.

Holden, officially GM Holden Ltd was the Australian subsidiary of General Motors (GM), the world’s second largest automaker.[1]

Holden vehicles, in addition to nameplate, are designated by a series code. For example, the 1971–1974 Holden Kingswood has been assigned the series code "HQ", and the 2002–2004 Holden Commodore, "VY". Often these series codes are not arbitrary. In the case of the VY above, the "V" stands for the GM V platform that underpins it. The letter "Y" is not however significant; it is simply a logical successor to the previous "VX" Commodore model. Meaning can be found in other codes. The TX Gemini and MB Barina for example, where the "T" and the "M" denote the GM T and M platforms that underpin each vehicle, respectively. While the majority of Holden cars follow this double-letter format (not necessarily based on platform), anomalies exist. The "V2" code applies to the 2001–2004 Holden Monaro, with "V" indicating the V platform architecture and the "2" possibly referring to its two-door body style. Similarly, the 1998–2001 Holden Suburban designated "K8". The three-letter codes assigned to the WFR series Holden Shuttle and UBS Jackaroo are the remaining incongruous designations. These codes are simply those carried over from the original Isuzu models that the Shuttle and Jackaroo derive from.

The VY series of Holdens were not restricted to the Commodore; VY Berlina and Calais cars were also marketed. All three are essentially identical, except in terms of level of equipment and luxury and have therefore been separated using different nameplates. Holden’s record of separating fundamentally identical cars by nameplate to occupy different niches applies mainly to their locally made "large" cars, for example, the Holden Belmont/Kingswood/Premier, Commodore/Berlina/Calais and Statesman/Caprice. Derivative versions with unique body styles, like the Monaro coupe often share the series code with their donor model. Outside of "large" cars, the only other Holdens to have operated in a similar manner are the UBS Jackaroo/Monterey twins and the LX and UC Sunbird/Torana. Generally, only the "large" Holdens are referred to by series code, thus this list is confined to listing only these models. List of Holden vehicles by nameplate covers these excluded cars, with the "large" Holden models occupying both lists.

First generation (1948–1956)

[edit]
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
48 Sedan 48-215 1948-11 [1]
Business Sedan 48-215-257 1953-07
50 Utility 50-2106 1951-01 [2]
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
FJ Standard Sedan FJ 215 1953-09
Business Sedan FJ 217
Special Sedan FJ 225 [3]
Utility FJ 2106
Panel van FJ 2104 1953-12

^ Table of contents

Second generation (1956–1960)

[edit]
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
FE Standard Sedan FE 215 1956-07
Station sedan FE 219 1957-03
Business Sedan FE 217 1956-07
Special Sedan FE 225 [4]
Station sedan FE 229 1957-03
Utility FE 2106 1957-02
Panel van FE 2104 1957-05
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
FC Standard Sedan FC 215 1958-05 [5]
Station sedan FC 219
Business Sedan FC 217
Special Sedan FC 225 [6]
Station sedan FC 229
Utility FC 2106
Panel van FC 2104

^ Table of contents

Third generation (1960–1962)

[edit]
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
FB Standard Sedan FB 215 1960-01
Station sedan FB 219
Special Sedan FB 225 [7]
Station sedan FB 229
Utility FB 2106
Panel van FB 2104
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
EK Standard Sedan EK 215 1961-05 [8]
Station sedan EK 219
Special Sedan EK 225 [9]
Station sedan EK 229
Utility EK 2106
Panel van EK 2104

^ Table of contents

Fourth generation (1962–1965)

[edit]
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
EJ Standard Sedan EJ 215 1962-07
Station sedan EJ 219
Special Sedan EJ 225 [10]
Station sedan EJ 229
Premier Sedan EJ 235 [11]
Utility EJ 2106 1963-01
Panel van EJ 2104
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
EH Standard Sedan EH 215 1963-08 [12]
Station sedan EH 219
Special Sedan EH 225 [13]
Station sedan EH 229
Premier Sedan EH 235
Station sedan EH 239
Utility EH 2106
Panel van EH 2104

^ Table of contents

Fifth generation (1965–1968)

[edit]
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
HD Standard Sedan HD 215 1965-02
Station sedan HD 219
Special Sedan HD 225
Station sedan HD 229
Premier Sedan HD 235 [14]
Station sedan HD 239
Utility HD 2106 1965-07
Panel van HD 2104
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
HR Standard Sedan HR 215 1966-04
Station sedan HR 219
Special Sedan HR 225 [15]
Station sedan HR 229
Premier Sedan HR 235 [16]
Station sedan HR 239
Utility HR 2106
Panel van HR 2104

^ Table of contents

Sixth generation (1968–1971)

[edit]
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
HK Belmont Utility 80180 1968-03 [17]
Panel van 80170
Sedan 80169 1968-01
Station sedan 80135
Kingswood Utility 80380 1968-03
Sedan 80369 1968-01
Station sedan 80335
Premier Sedan 80569 [18]
Station sedan 80535
Brougham Sedan 81469 1968-07 [19]
Monaro Coupe 80337
Monaro GTS Coupe 80737 [20]
Monaro GTS 327 Coupe 81837
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
Six-cylinder Eight-cylinder
HT Belmont Utility 80180 80280 1969-05 [21]
Panel van 80170 80270
Sedan 80169 80269
Wagon 80135 80235
Kingswood Utility 80380 80480 [22]
Sedan 80369 80469
Wagon 80335 80435
Premier Sedan 81169 81269
Wagon 81135 81235
Brougham Sedan 81469 1969-06 [23]
Monaro Coupe 80337 80437
Monaro GTS Coupe 80737 80837
Monaro GTS 350 Coupe 81837 1969-08 [24]
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
Six-cylinder Eight-cylinder
HG Belmont Utility 80180 80280 1970-07
Panel van 80170 80270
Sedan 80169 80269
Wagon 80135 80235
Kingswood Utility 80380 80480 [25]
Sedan 80369 80469
Wagon 80335 80435
Premier Sedan 81169 81269
Wagon 81135 81235
Brougham Sedan 81469 [26]
Monaro Coupe 80337 80437 [27]
Monaro GTS Coupe 80737 80837 [28]
Monaro GTS 350 Coupe 81837 [29]

^ Table of contents

Seventh generation (1971–1984)

[edit]
Series Model Date Ref.
Level Body style Code (P.O. no.) Code (VIN)[nb 1] Announced Released Discontinued
Six-cylinder Eight-cylinder
HQ Regular model range
One Tonner Cab chassis 80160 80260[nb 2] 8M60 1971-11-22 1971-12 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Belmont Utility 80180 80280 8M80 1971-11-22 1971-12 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Panel van 80170 80270 8M70 1971-11-22 1971-12 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Sedan 80169 80269 8M69 1971-07-15 1971-07-23 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Wagon 80135 80235 8M35 1971-07-15 1971-07-23 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Kingswood Utility 80380 80480 8N80 1971-11-22 1971-12 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Sedan 80369 80469 8N69 1971-07-15 1971-07-23 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Wagon 80335 80435 8N35 1971-07-15 1971-07-23 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Premier Sedan 81169 81269 8P69 1971-07-15 1971-07-23 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Wagon 81135 81235 8P35 1971-07-15 1971-07-23 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Monaro Coupe 80337 80437 8N37 1971-07-15 1971-07-23 1974-07 [2]
Monaro LS Coupe 81137 81237 8P37 1971-07-15 1971-07-23 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Monaro GTS Coupe N/A 80837 8Q37 1971-07-15 1971-07-23 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Monaro GTS 350 Coupe N/A 81837 8Q37 1971-07-15 1971-07-23 1974-03 [2]
Statesman Custom Sedan 81569 81669 8R69 1971-07-15 1971-07-23 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Statesman de Ville[nb 3] Sedan 81369 (export) 81469 8S69 1971-07-15 1971-07-23 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Regular production option packages
Monaro GTS Sedan N/A 80469 (XV4) 8N69; 8Q69[nb 4] 1973-03-21 1973-03-29 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Monaro GTS 350 Sedan N/A 80469 (XW8) 8N69; 8Q69[nb 4] 1973-03-21 1973-03-29 1974-10 (HJ) [2]
Limited production option packages
SS V8 Sedan N/A 80269 (XV2) 8M69 1972-08-23 1972-08-25 2,800 built (2 runs; 1,600 + 1,200) [2]
Belmont Sandman Utility 80180 (XX7) 80280 (XX7) 8M80 1974-02 Limited build [2]
Panel van 80170 (XX7) 80270 (XX7) 8M70 1974-02 Limited build [2]
Kingswood Sandman Utility 80380 (XX7) 80480 (XX7) 8N80 1974-02 Limited build [2]
Kingswood Vacationer Sedan 80369 (XW4) N/A 8N69 1972-10-29 1972-11 Limited build [2]
80369 (XY8) N/A 8N69 1974-07 Limited build [2]
Wagon 80335 (XW4) N/A 8N35 1972-10-29 1972-11 Limited build [2]
80335 (XY8) N/A 8N36 1974-07 Limited build [2]
Premier 25th Anniversary Sedan 81169 (XY6) N/A 8P69 1973-10-23 1973-10-23 1,500 built [2]
Series Model Date Ref.
Level Body style Code (P.O. no.) Announced Released Discontinued
HJ Regular model range
One Tonner Cab chassis 8WM60 1974-10-14 1974-10-30 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Utility 8WM80 1974-10-14 1974-10-30 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Panel van 8WM70 1974-10-14 1974-10-30 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Belmont Sedan 8WM69 1974-10-03 1974-10-17 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Wagon 8WM35 1974-10-03 1974-10-17 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Kingswood Utility 8WN80 1974-10-14 1974-10-30 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Sedan 8WN69 1974-10-03 1974-10-17 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Wagon 8WN35 1974-10-03 1974-10-17 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Premier Sedan 8WP69 1974-10-03 1974-10-17 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Wagon 8WP35 1974-10-03 1974-10-17 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Monaro LS Coupe 8WP37 1974-10-03 1974-10-17 Early 1976 [3]
Monaro GTS Coupe 8WQ37 1974-10-03 1974-10-17 Early 1976 [3]
Sedan 8WQ69 1974-10-03 1974-10-17 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Statesman de Ville[nb 3] Sedan 8WS69 1974-10-31 1974-11-01 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Statesman Caprice[nb 3] Sedan 8WT69 1974-10-31 1974-11-01 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Regular production option packages
Sandman Utility 8WM80 (XX7)[nb 5] 1974-10-30 1976-07 (HX) [3]
8WM80 (XU3)[nb 6] 1975-09 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Panel van 8WM70 (XX7)[nb 5] 1974-10-30 1976-07 (HX) [3]
8WM70 (XU3)[nb 7] 1975-09 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Kingswood Sandman Utility 8WN80 (XX7)[nb 8] 1974-10-30 Early prod. [3]
8WN80 (XU3)[nb 6] 1974-10-30 Early prod. [3]
Ambulance Cab chassis 8WM60 (B06) 1975-08 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Panel van 8WM70 (B06) 1975-08 1976-07 (HX) [3]
Limited production option packages
Big Country Utility 8WM80 (A8J) 1975-06-27 1975-07 Limited build [3]
Kingswood DeLux Sedan 8WN69 (A8J) 1975-06-27 1975-07 Limited build [3]
Wagon 8WN35 (A8J) 1975-06-27 1975-07 Limited build [3]
Kingswood Vacationer II Sedan 8WN69 (XW4) 1975-11-05 1975-11 Limited build [3]
Wagon 8WN35 (XW4) 1975-11-05 1975-11 Limited build [3]
Series Model Date Ref.
Level Body style Code (P.O. no.) Announced Released Discontinued
HX Regular model range
One Tonner Cab chassis 8WM60 1976-07-07 1976-07-21 1977-10 (HZ) [4]
Utility 8WM80 1976-07-07 1976-07-21 1977-10 (HZ) [4]
Panel van 8WM70 1976-07-07 1976-07-21 1977-10 (HZ) [4]
Belmont Sedan 8WM69 1976-07-07 1976-07-21 1977-10 (HZ) [4]
Wagon 8WM35 1976-07-07 1976-07-21 1977-10 (HZ) [4]
Kingswood Utility 8WN80 1976-07-07 1976-07-21 1977-10 (HZ) [4]
Panel van 8WN70 1976-07-07 1976-07-21 1977-10 (HZ) [4]
Sedan 8WN69 1976-07-07 1976-07-21 1977-10 (HZ) [4]
Wagon 8WN35 1976-07-07 1976-07-21 1977-10 (HZ) [4]
Premier Sedan 8WP69 1976-07-07 1976-07-21 1977-10 (HZ) [4]
Wagon 8WP35 1976-07-07 1976-07-21 1977-10 (HZ) [4]
Monaro GTS Sedan 8WQ69 1976-07-07 1976-07-21 1977-10 (HZ) [4]
Statesman de Ville[nb 3] Sedan 8WS69 1976-07-07 1976-07-21 1977-10 (HZ) [4]
Statesman Caprice[nb 3] Sedan 8WT69 1976-07-07 1976-07-21 1977-10 (HZ) [4]
Regular production option packages
Sandman Utility 8WM80 (XX7)[nb 8] 1976-07-21 [4]
8WM80 (XU3)[nb 6] 1976-07-21 [4]
Panel van 8WM70 (XX7)[nb 8] 1976-07-21 [4]
8WM70 (XU3)[nb 7] 1976-07-21 [4]
Ambulance Cab chassis 8WM60 (B06) 1976-07-21 [4]
Panel van 8WM70 (B06) 1976-07-21 [4]
Limited production option packages
50th Anniversary Sedan 8WN69 (A9C) 1976-11-01 1976-11 Limited build [4]
Wagon 8WN35 (A9C) 1976-11-01 1976-11 Limited build [4]
Kingswood DeLux Sedan 8WN69 (A8J) 1977-07-05 1977-07 3,000 built [4]
Wagon 8WN35 (A8J) 1977-07-05 1977-07 1,000 built [4]
Limited Edition Coupe 8WQ37 1976-09-27 1976-10 580 built [4]
Series Model Date Ref.
Level Body style Code (P.O. no.) Announced Released Discontinued
HZ Regular model range
One Tonner Cab chassis 8WM60 1977-10-31 1977-11-14 1980-04 (WB) [5]
Utility 8WM80 1977-10-31 1977-11-14 1980-04 (WB) [5]
Panel van 8WM70 1977-10-31 1977-11-14 1980-04 (WB) [5]
Kingswood Utility 8WN80 1977-10-05 1977-10-16 1980-04 (WB) [5]
Panel van 8WN70 1977-10-05 1977-10-16 1979-09 [5]
Kingswood SL Sedan 8WN69 1977-10-05 1977-10-16 1980-04 (WB) [5]
Wagon 8WN35 1977-10-05 1977-10-16 1980-04 (WB) [5]
Premier Sedan 8WP69 1977-10-05 1977-10-16 1979-09 [5]
Wagon 8WP35 1977-10-05 1977-10-16 1979-08 [5]
GTS Sedan 8WQ69 1977-10-05 1977-10-16 1979-04 [5]
Statesman de Ville[nb 3] Sedan 8WS69 1977-11-09 1977-11-10 1980-04 (WB) [5]
Statesman Caprice[nb 3] Sedan 8WT69 1977-11-09 1977-11-10 1979-08 [5]
Regular production option packages
One Tonner (drop side body package) Cab chassis 8WM60 (A8V) 1977-11-14 [5]
Sandman Utility 8WM80 (XX7)[nb 8] 1977-11-14 1979-10 [5]
8WM80 (XU3)[nb 6] 1977-11-14 1979-03 [5]
Panel van 8WM70 (XX7)[nb 8] 1977-11-14 1979-10 [5]
8WM70 (XU3)[nb 7] 1977-11-14 1979-03 [5]
Ambulance Cab chassis 8WM60 (B06) 1977-11-14 [5]
Panel van 8WM70 (B06) 1977-11-14 [5]
Kingswood Sedan 8WN69 (A9K) 1977-10-16 [5]
Wagon 8WN35 (A9K) 1977-10-16 [5]
Kingswood (Outback package) Sedan 8WN69 (A9Q) 1977-10-16 [5]
Wagon 8WN35 (A9Q) 1977-10-16 [5]
Kingswood (VIC Police package) Sedan 8WN69 (BT1) 1977-10-16 [5]
Wagon 8WN35 (BT1) 1977-10-16 [5]
Limited production option packages
Kingswood SL Vacationer Wagon 8WN35 (XW4) 1978-10-11 1978-10 2,500 built [5]
Statesman de Ville Champagne Classic Edition Sedan 8WS69 (V7H) 1977-11-09 1977-11-10 Limited build [5]
Statesman SL/E Sedan 8WT69 (V7J) 1979-06-28 1979-07 Limited build [5]
Series Model Date Ref.
Level Body style Code (P.O. no.) Announced Released Discontinued
WB Regular model range
One Tonner Cab chassis 8WM60; 8WM60 (V8N)[nb 9] 1980-04-18 1980-04-20 Late 1984 [6]
Utility 8WM80; 8WM80 (V8N)[nb 10] 1980-04-18 1980-04-20 Late 1984 [6]
Panel van 8WM70; 8WM70 (V8N)[nb 11] 1980-04-18 1980-04-20 Late 1984 [6]
Kingswood Utility 8WN80 1980-04-18 1980-04-20 Late 1984 [6]
Statesman de Ville[nb 3] Sedan 8WS19 1980-04-29 1980-05-30 1983-09 [6]
Statesman Caprice[nb 3] Sedan 8WT19 1980-04-29 1980-05-30 1983-09 [6]
Regular production option packages
Ambulance Cab chassis 8WM60 (B06) 1980-04-20 [6]
Panel van 8WM70 (B06) 1980-04-20 [6]
Holden Dealer Team (HDT) model range
Kingswood Magnum[nb 12] Utility 8WM80 1984-10-14 1 built [6]
WB II Regular model range
Statesman de Ville[nb 3] Sedan 8WS19 (XV4) 1983-09-09 1983-09-11 Late 1984 [6]
Statesman Caprice[nb 3] Sedan 8WT19 (XW9) 1983-09-09 1983-09-11 Late 1984 [6]
Holden Dealer Team (HDT) model range
Statesman Magnum Level 1[nb 12] Sedan 8WS19 (XV4) 1983-07 Limited build [6]
Statesman Magnum Level 2[nb 12] Sedan 8WT19 (XW9) 1983-07 Limited build [6]

^ Table of contents

Eighth generation (1978–1988)

[edit]
Series Model Date Ref.
Level Body style Code (P.O. no.) Announced Released Discontinued
VB Regular model range
Commodore Sedan 8VK69 1978-10-26 1978-11-13 1980-03 (VC) [7]
Wagon 8VK35 1979-07-24 1979-08-06 1980-03 (VC) [7]
Commodore SL Sedan 8VL69 1978-10-26 1978-11-13 1980-03 (VC) [7]
Wagon 8VL35 1979-07-24 1979-08-06 1980-03 (VC) [7]
Commodore SL/E Sedan 8VX69 1978-10-26 1978-11-13 1980-03 (VC) [7]
Series Model Date Ref.
Level Body style Code (P.O. no.) Announced Released Discontinued
VC Regular model range
Commodore L Sedan 8VK69 1980-03-19 1980-03-30 1981-09 (VH) [8]
Wagon 8VK35 1980-03-19 1980-03-30 1981-09 (VH) [8]
Commodore SL Sedan 8VL69 1980-03-19 1980-03-30 1981-09 (VH) [8]
Wagon 8VL35 1980-03-19 1980-03-30 1981-09 (VH) [8]
Commodore SL/E Sedan 8VX69 1980-03-19 1980-03-30 1981-09 (VH) [8]
Regular production option packages
Commodore (Fleet package) Sedan 8VK69 (A9K) 1980-03-19 1980-03-30 1981-09 (VH) [8]
Wagon 8VK35 (A9K) 1980-03-19 1980-03-30 1981-09 (VH) [8]
Commodore L (four-cylinder) Sedan 8VK69 (L18) 1980-06-12 1980-06-20 1981-09 (VH) [8]
Wagon 8VK35 (L18) 1980-06-12 1980-06-20 1981-09 (VH) [8]
Commodore SL (four-cylinder) Sedan 8VL69 (L18) 1980-06-12 1980-06-20 1981-09 (VH) [8]
Wagon 8VL35 (L18) 1980-06-12 1980-06-20 1981-09 (VH) [8]
Commodore SL/E Shadowtone Sedan 8VX69 (V6Q – 334 package)[nb 13] 1980-03-19 1980-03-30 1981-09 (VH) [8]
8VX69 (V6Q – 335 package)[nb 13] 1980-03-19 1980-03-30 1981-09 (VH) [8]
8VX69 (V6Q – 336 package)[nb 13] 1980-03-19 1980-03-30 1981-09 (VH) [8]
Limited production option packages
Commodore Vacationer Sedan 8VK69 (XW4) 1980-12-15 1980-12-15 Limited build [8]
Wagon 8VK35 (XW4) 1980-12-15 1980-12-15 Limited build [8]
Commodore 50th Anniversary Sedan 8VK69 (A9J) 1981-06 Approx 250 built [8]
Commodore SL/E Wagon 8VL35 (A9Y) Approx 50 built [8]
Holden Dealer Team (HDT) model range
Commodore[nb 12] Sedan 8VX69 (V8Q) 1980-10-30 1980-10 500 built [8]
Series Model Date Ref.
Level Body style Code (P.O. no.) Announced Released Discontinued
VH Regular model range
Commodore SL Sedan 8VK69 1981-09-29 1981-10-05 1984-02 (VK) [9]
Wagon 8VK35 1981-09-29 1981-10-05 1984-02 (VK) [9]
Commodore SL/X Sedan 8VL69 1981-09-29 1981-10-05 1984-02 (VK) [9]
Wagon 8VL35 1981-09-29 1981-10-05 1984-02 (VK) [9]
Commodore SL/E Sedan 8VX69 1981-09-29 1981-10-05 1984-02 (VK) [9]
Regular production option packages
Commodore (Fleet package) Sedan 8VK69 (A9K) 1981-09-29 1981-10-05 1984-02 (VK) [9]
Wagon 8VK35 (A9K) 1981-09-29 1981-10-05 1984-02 (VK) [9]
Commodore SL (four-cylinder) Sedan 8VK69 (L18) 1981-09-29 1981-10-05 1984-02 (VK) [9]
Wagon 8VK35 (L18) 1981-09-29 1981-10-05 1984-02 (VK) [9]
Commodore SL (Value package) Sedan 8VK69 (U4A) [9]
Commodore SL (Executive package) Sedan 8VK69 (A8Q) [9]
Wagon 8VK35 (A8Q) [9]
Commodore SL (National Police package) Sedan 8VK69 (BT1) [9]
Commodore SL (Special Vehicle Police package) Sedan 8VK69 (B01)[nb 14] [9]
8VK69 (BY2)[nb 14] [9]
Commodore SL/X (four-cylinder) Sedan 8VL69 (L18) 1981-09-29 1981-10-05 1984-02 (VK) [9]
Wagon 8VL35 (L18) 1981-09-29 1981-10-05 1984-02 (VK) [9]
Commodore SL/E Shadowtone Sedan 8VX69 (V6Q) 1981-09-29 1981-10-05 1984-02 (VK) [9]
Limited production option packages
Commodore Vacationer Sedan 8VK69 (XW4) 1981-10 Limited build [9]
8VK69 (XY8) 1982-11 Limited build [9]
8VK69 (A8A) 1983-09-30 1983-10 Limited build [9]
Wagon 8VK35 (XW4) 1981-10 Limited build [9]
8VK35 (XY8) 1982-11 Limited build [9]
8VK35 (A8A) 1983-09-30 1983-10 Limited build [9]
Commodore SS Sedan 8VK69 (XV2) 1982-09 Limited build [9]
Commodore SL/E Top 30 Shadowtone Sedan 8VX69 (unknown) 1981-12-21 1981-12 30–50 built [9]
Holden Dealer Team (HDT) model range
Commodore SS Group 1[nb 12] Sedan 8VK69 (XV2) 1982-09 322 built (Grp 1, 2, 3) [9]
Commodore SS Group 2[nb 12] Sedan 8VK69 (XV2) 1982-09 [9]
Commodore SS Group 3[nb 12] Sedan 8VK69 (XV2) 1982-09 [9]
ADP[nb 12][nb 15] [9]
Series Model Date Ref.
Level Body style Code (P.O. no.) Announced Released Discontinued
VK Regular model range
Commodore SL Sedan 8VK19 1984-02-24 1984-03-19 1986-02 (VL) [10]
Wagon 8VK35 1984-02-24 1984-03-19 1986-02 (VL) [10]
Commodore Berlina Sedan 8VL19 1984-02-24 1984-03-19 1986-02 (VL) [10]
Wagon 8VL35 1984-02-24 1984-03-19 1986-02 (VL) [10]
Calais Sedan 8VX19 1984-02-24 1984-03-19 1986-02 (VL) [10]
Regular production option packages
Commodore SL (National Police package) Sedan 8VK19 (BT1) [10]
Wagon 8VK35 (BT1) [10]
Commodore Executive Sedan 8VK19 (A8Q) 1984-02-24 1984-03-19 1986-02 (VL) [10]
Wagon 8VK35 (A8Q) 1984-02-24 1984-03-19 1986-02 (VL) [10]
Limited production option packages
Commodore Vacationer Sedan 8VK19 (XW4) 1984-10 Limited build [10]
8VK19 (XY8) 1985-10-04 1985-10-04 Limited build [10]
Wagon 8VK35 (XW4) 1984-10 Limited build [10]
8VK35 (XY8) 1985-10-04 1985-10-04 Limited build [10]
Commodore SS Group A Sedan 8VK19 (A9L) 1985-03-25 1985-05 502 built [10]
Holden Dealer Team (HDT) model range
Commodore LM5000[nb 12] Sedan 8VK19 (BT1) 1984-03 Approx. 120 built [10]
Commodore SS[nb 12] Sedan 8VK19 (XV2) 1984-08-28 1984-08 Approx. 400 built [10]
Commodore SS Group 3[nb 12] Sedan 8VK19 (XV2) 1984-08-28 1984-08 Approx. 200 built [10]
Commodore SS Group A/Group 3[nb 12] Sedan 8VK19 (A9L) 1986-01 Approx. 48 built [10]
Commodore SL Group A[nb 12] Sedan 8VK19 1984-12 Approx. 50 built [10]
Calais Director[nb 12] Sedan 8VX19 1985-02 Approx. 150 built [10]
ADP[nb 12][nb 16] 1984-06 [10]
Series Model Date Ref.
Level Body style Code (P.O. no.) Announced Released Discontinued
VL Regular model range
Commodore SL Sedan 8VK19 1986-02-19 1986-03-06 1988-08 (VN) [11]
Wagon 8VK35 1986-02-19 1986-03-06 1988-08 (VN) [11]
Commodore Berlina Sedan 8VL19 1986-02-19 1986-03-06 1988-08 (VN) [11]
Wagon 8VL35 1986-02-19 1986-03-06 1988-08 (VN) [11]
Calais Sedan 8VX19 1986-02-19 1986-03-06 1988-08 (VN) [11]
Regular production option packages
Commodore SL (National Police package) Sedan 8VK19 (BT1) [11]
Wagon 8VK35 (BT1) [11]
Commodore Executive Sedan 8VK19 (A8Q)[nb 17] 1986-02-19 1986-03-06 1988-08 (VN) [11]
8VK19 (A8R)[nb 17] 1986-07-29 1986-08 1988-08 (VN) [11]
8VK19 (A8S)[nb 17] 1986-02-19 1986-03-06 1988-08 (VN) [11]
8VK19 (A8T)[nb 17] (export) [11]
Wagon 8VK35 (A8Q)[nb 17] 1986-02-19 1986-03-06 1988-08 (VN) [11]
8VK35 (A8R)[nb 17] 1986-07-29 1986-08 1988-08 (VN) [11]
8VK35 (A8S)[nb 17] 1986-02-19 1986-03-06 1988-08 (VN) [11]
8VK35 (A8T)[nb 17] (export) [11]
Limited production option packages
Commodore Vacationer Sedan 8VK19 (XW4) 1987-10-30 Limited build [11]
Wagon 8VK35 (XW4) 1987-10-30 Limited build [11]
Commodore L6 LE (QLD only)[nb 18] Sedan 8VK19 (A8Q) 1987-10 250 built [11]
Commodore V8 LE (NSW only)[nb 18] Sedan 8VK19 (A8L) 1986-10-16 1986-10 500 built [11]
Commodore SS Group A (Brock) Sedan 8VK19 (A9L) 1988-03-29 1988-04 327 built [11]
Commodore SS Group A SV [12] Sedan 8VL19 (XV2) 1988-02-10 1988-07 750 built [11]
Commodore Series 200 Sedan 8VL19 (V5B) 1988-04-27 1988-05 600 built [11]
Calais Wagon 8VL35 (A9Y) 1988-04-12 1988-04 200 built [11]
Holden Dealer Team (HDT) model range
SS Group A Plus Pack[nb 12] Sedan 8VL19 (A9L) 1986-10 173 built [11]
Calais LE[nb 12] Sedan 8VX19 1986-05 Limited build [11]
Holden Special Vehicles (HSV) model range
Commodore F20[nb 19] Sedan 8VL19 1988-08 2 built [11]
Commodore SV CC[nb 19] Sedan 8VL19 1988-08 2 built [11]
Calais SV88[nb 19] Sedan 8VX19 1988-06 150 built [11]

^ Table of contents

Ninth generation (1988–2000)

[edit]
Series Model Date Ref.
Level Body style Code (P.O. no.) Announced Released Discontinued
VN Regular model range
Commodore Executive Sedan 8VK19 1988-08-17 1988-09-18 1991-10 (VP) [13]
Wagon 8VK35 1988-08-17 1988-09-18 1991-10 (VP) [13]
Berlina Sedan 8VL19 1988-08-17 1988-09-18 1991-10 (VP) [13]
Wagon 8VL35 1988-08-17 1988-09-18 1991-10 (VP) [13]
Calais Sedan 8VX19 1988-08-17 1988-09-18 1991-10 (VP) [13]
Regular production option packages
Commodore SL (Fleet package) Sedan 8VK19 (A9K) [13]
Wagon 8VK35 (A9K) [13]
Commodore SL (QLD Fleet package) Sedan 8VK19 (A9M) [13]
Wagon 8VK35 (A9M) [13]
Commodore SL (National Police package) Sedan 8VK19 (BT1) [13]
Wagon 8VK35 (BT1) [13]
Commodore S[nb 20] Sedan 8VK19 (A9D; A9E) 1988-10-13 1988-11 1991-10 (VP) [13]
Wagon 8VK35 (A9D; A9E) 1988-10-13 1988-11 1991-10 (VP) [13]
Commodore SS[nb 20] Sedan 8VK19 (A9F; A9G) 1989-03-14 1989-03-17 1991-10 (VP) [13]
Limited production option packages
Commodore Vacationer Sedan 8VK19 (XW4) 1990-10-16 3,000 built (incl. wagons) [13]
Wagon 8VK35 (XW4) 1990-10-16 3,000 built (incl. sedans) [13]
Commodore LE Sedan 8VK19 (A8J) 1991-04-02 Limited build [13]
Wagon 8VK35 (A8J) 1991-04-02 Limited build [13]
Commodore LE (NSW only)[nb 18] Sedan 8VK19 (V6M) 1989-10 110 built [13]
Commodore HSV 8 Plus (VIC only)[nb 18] Sedan 8VK19 (A8G) 1990-03 80 built [13]
Commodore DMG 90 (QLD only)[nb 18] Sedan 8VK19 (A9N) 1990-04 50 built [13]
Commodore Challenger (ACT only)[nb 18] Sedan 8VK19 (A9W) 1990-06 50 built [13]
Commodore HSV Plus 6 (VIC only)[nb 18] Sedan 8VK19 (A8G) 1991-03 100 built [13]
Commodore LS[nb 18] Sedan 8VK19 1991-06-01 1991-06 450 built [13]
Wagon (NZ only) 8VK35 1991-06-01 1991-06 20 built [13]
Commodore SS Group A Sedan 8VL19 (XV2) 1990-08-15 1990-11 302 built [13]
Holden Special Vehicles (HSV) model range
Commodore SV6[nb 19] Sedan 8VK19 (XT2) 1989-04 64 built [13]
Commodore ClubSport[nb 19] Sedan 8VK19 1990-07-01 1990-07 410 built [13]
Commodore SV T30 (1990; 180 kW)[nb 19] Sedan 8VK19 1990-06 30 built [13]
Commodore SV T30 (1991; 200 kW)[nb 19] Sedan 8VK19 1991-06-17 1991-06 10 built [13]
Commodore SV3800[nb 19] Sedan 8VL19 (XT1) 1988-10-13 1988-10 491 built [13]
Commodore SV89[nb 19] Sedan 8VL19 1989-03-30 1989-04 200 built [13]
Commodore SV91 (prototype)[nb 19] Sedan 8VL19 1991-04 1 built [13]
Commodore SV LE[nb 19] Sedan 8VL19 1989-11-24 1989-12 110 built [13]
Wagon 8VL35 1989-11-24 1989-12 80 built [13]
Commodore SV5000[nb 19] Sedan 8VL19 (XT4) 1989-10-05 1989-10 359 built [13]

^ Table of contents

Tenth generation (1997–2007)

[edit]
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
VT Commodore Executive Sedan 8VTK69 1997-09 [30]
Wagon 8VTK35
Commodore 50th Anniversary Sedan 8VTK69 (opt. A9J) 1998-06 [31] LE
Wagon 8VTK35 (opt. A9J)
Commodore Equipe Sedan 8VTK69 (opt. A8S) 1999-03 [32] LE
Wagon 8VTK35 (opt. A8S)
Commodore Acclaim Sedan 8VTK69 (opt. A8J) 1997-09 [33]
Wagon 8VTK35 (opt. A8J)
Commodore S Sedan 8VTK69 (opt. A9D) [34]
Commodore SS Sedan 8VTK69 (opt. A9F) [35]
Berlina Sedan 8VTL69 [36]
Wagon 8VTL35
Calais Sedan 8VTX69 [37]
Calais 50th Anniversary Sedan 8VTX69 (opt. A9J) 1998-07 LE
VT II Commodore Executive Sedan 8VTK69 1999-06 [38]
Wagon 8VTK35
Commodore Olympic Sedan 8VTK69 (opt. ???) 1999-09 [39] LE
Wagon 8VTK35 (opt. A8B 1BB)
Commodore Acclaim Sedan 8VTK69 (opt. A8J) 1999-06 [40]
Wagon 8VTK35 (opt. A8J)
Commodore S Sedan 8VTK69 (opt. A9D) [41]
Commodore SS Sedan 8VTK69 (opt. A9F) [42]
Berlina Sedan 8VTL69 [43]
Wagon 8VTL35
Calais Sedan 8VTX69 [44]
Calais International Sedan 8VTX69 (opt. A8X) 2000 LE
WH Statesman Sedan 8WHY19 1999-06 [45]
Statesman International Sedan 8WHY19 (opt. A8X) 2000-05 LE
Caprice Sedan 8WHZ19 1999-06 [46]
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
VU Ute Utility 8VUK80 2000-12 [47]
Ute S (A9D) Utility 8VUK80
Ute SS Utility 8VUK80 (A9F) [48]
VX Commodore Executive Sedan 8VXK69 2000-10 [49]
Wagon 8VXK35
Commodore Lumina Sedan 8VXK69 (opt. A8Y) 2000-10 [50] LE
Wagon 8VXK35 (opt. A8Y)
Commodore Equipe Sedan 8VXK69 (opt. A8S) 2001 [51] LE
Wagon 8VXK35 (opt. A8S)
Commodore Acclaim Sedan 8VXK69 (opt. A8J) 2000-10 [52]
Wagon 8VXK35 (opt. A8J)
Commodore S Sedan 8VXK69 (opt. A9D) [53]
Commodore SS Sedan 8VXK69 (opt. A9F) [54]
Berlina Sedan 8VXL69 [55]
Wagon 8VXL35
Calais Sedan 8VXX69 [56]
Calais International Sedan 8VXX69 (opt. A8X) 2001 LE
VU II Ute Utility 8VUK80 2001-08 [57]
Ute S Utility 8VUK80 (A9D)
Ute Storm S Utility 8VUK80 (A9F) 2002-05 LE
Ute SS Utility 8VUK80 (opt. ???) 2001-08
Ute Fifty SS Utility 8VUK80 (opt. A9J) 2001-10 [58] LE
VX II Commodore Executive Sedan 8VXK69 2001-08 [59]
Wagon 8VXK35
Commodore Lumina Sedan 8VXK69 (opt. ???) 2001-08 [60] LE
Wagon 8VXK35 (opt. ???)
Commodore Equipe Sedan 8VXK69 (opt. A8S) 2002 LE
Wagon 8VXK35 (opt. A8S)
Commodore Acclaim Sedan 8VXK69 (opt. A8J) 2001-08 [61]
Wagon 8VXK35 (opt. A8J)
Commodore S Sedan 8VXK69 (opt. A9D) [62]
Commodore SS Sedan 8VXK69 (opt. A9F) [63]
Berlina Sedan 8VXL69 [64]
Wagon 8VXL35
Calais Sedan 8VXX69 [65]
WH II Statesman Sedan 8WHY19 2001-09 [66]
Statesman International Sedan 8WHY19 (opt. A8W) 2002-04 LE
Statesman International LS8 Sedan 8WHY19 (opt. ???) 2002-11 LE
Caprice Sedan 8WHZ19 2001-09 [67]
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
VY
Ute Utility 1YK 2002-09 [68]
Ute S Utility 1YK (A9D) [69]
Ute Storm S Utility 1YK (A9F) 2003-05 [70] LE
Ute SS Utility 1YK (opt. ???) 2002-09
Commodore Executive Sedan 1YK 2002-09 [71]
Wagon 1YK
Commodore Lumina Sedan 1YK (opt. ???) 2002-12 [72] LE
Wagon 1YK (opt. ???)
Commodore Equipe Sedan 1YK (opt. ???) 2003-05 [73] LE
Wagon 1YK (opt. ???)
Commodore Acclaim Sedan 1YK (opt. ???) 2002-09 [74]
Wagon 1YK (opt. ???)
Commodore S Sedan 1YK (opt. ???) [75]
Commodore SV8 Sedan 1YK (opt. ???)
Commodore SS Sedan 1YK (opt. 8VC69) [76]
Wagon 1YK (opt. 8VC35) 2003-05 LE
Berlina Sedan 1YL (opt. ???) 2002-09 [77]
Wagon 1YL (opt. ???)
Berlina International Wagon 1YL (opt. ???) 2002-12 [78] LE
Calais Sedan 1YX 2002-09 [79]
VY II Ute Utility 1YK 2003-08 [80]
Ute S Utility 1YK (A9D) [81]
Ute Storm S Utility 1YK (opt. ???) 2004 [82] LE
Ute SS Utility 1YK (A9F) 2003-08
Commodore Executive Sedan 1YK 2003-08 [83]
Wagon 1YK
Commodore 25th Anniversary Sedan 1YK (opt. ???) 2003-10 [84] LE
Wagon 1YK (opt. ???)
Commodore Equipe Sedan 1YK (opt. ???) 2004 [85] LE
Wagon 1YK (opt. ???)
Commodore Acclaim Sedan 1YK (opt. ???) 2003-08 [86]
Wagon 1YK (opt. ???)
Commodore S Sedan 1YK (opt. ???) [87]
Commodore SS Sedan 1YK (opt. ???) [88]
Wagon 1YK (opt. ???) 2004-05 LE
Berlina Sedan 1YL (opt. ???) 2003-08 [89]
Wagon 1YL (opt. ???)
Calais Sedan 1YX (opt. ???) [90]
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
VZ Ute Utility 1ZK 2004-08 [91]
Ute S Utility 1ZK (opt. ???) Replaced by "Ute SV6"
Ute Storm S Utility 1ZK (opt. ???) 2005-04 LE
Ute Thunder S Utility 1ZK (opt. ???) 2006-03 [92] LE
Ute SV6 Utility 1ZK (opt. ???) 2006-10 Replaced "Ute S"
Ute SVZ Utility 1ZK (opt. ???) 2007-03 LE
Ute SS Utility 1ZK (opt. ???) 2004-08 [93]
Ute SSZ Utility 1ZK (opt. ???) 2005-09 LE
Ute Thunder SS Utility 1ZK (opt. ???) 2006-10 LE
Commodore Executive Sedan 1ZK 2004-08 [94]
Wagon 1ZK
Commodore Lumina Sedan 1ZK (opt. ???) 2004-12 LE; re-released 2005-09
Wagon 1ZK (opt. ???)
Commodore Equipe Sedan 1ZK (opt. ???) 2005-04 [95] LE
Wagon 1ZK (opt. ???)
Commodore SVZ Sedan 1ZK (opt. ???) 2006-03 [96] LE; station wagon re-released 2007-05
Wagon 1ZK (opt. ???)
Commodore Acclaim Sedan 1ZK (opt. ???) 2004-08 [97]
Wagon 1ZK (opt. ???)
Commodore SV6 Sedan 1ZK (opt. ???) [98]
Commodore SV8 Sedan 1ZK (opt. ???)
Commodore SS Sedan 1ZK (opt. ???) [99]
Commodore SSZ Sedan 1ZK (opt. ???) 2005-09 LE
Berlina Sedan 1ZL 2004-08 [100]
Wagon 1ZL
Calais Sedan 1ZX [101]

^ Table of contents

Eleventh generation (2006–2013)

[edit]
Series Model range Release date Image Notes
Level Body style Code
VE Commodore Omega Sedan 1EK 2006-08 [102]
Wagon 1EK 2008-07
Commodore V Sedan 1EK (opt. ???) 2006-10 [103] LE
Commodore Lumina Sedan 1EK (opt. ???) 2007-06 [104] LE
Commodore 60th Anniversary Sedan 1EK (opt. ???) 2008-05 [105] LE
Wagon 1EK (opt. ???) 2008-10
Commodore International Sedan 1EK (opt. ???) 2009-03 [106] LE
Wagon 1EK (opt. ???)
Commodore SV6 Sedan 1EK (opt. ???) 2006-08 [107]
Wagon 1EK (opt. ???) 2008-07
Commodore SS Sedan 1EK (opt. ???) 2006-08 [108]
Wagon 1EK (opt. ???) 2008-07
Commodore SS V Sedan 1EP 2006-08 [109]
Wagon 1EP 2008-07
Commodore SS V 60th Anniversary Sedan 1EP (opt. ???) 2008 [110] LE
Berlina Sedan 1EL 2006-08 [111]
Wagon 1EL 2008-07
Calais Sedan 1EX 2006-08 [112]
Wagon 1EX 2008-07
Calais V Sedan 1EX 2006-08 [113]
Wagon 1EX 2008-07
Calais V International Sedan 1EX (opt. ???) 2007 LE
Calais V 60th Anniversary Sedan 1EX (opt. ???) 2008 LE

^ Table of contents

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Holden vehicles by series.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ For the 1973 model year (beginning 1 September 1972) Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN) were mandated by the Australian Government. As a result of this, Holden introduced a new VIN-derived model code system which was phased into production from October 1972. However, the older style model numbers remained on the body identification plate for the remainder of HQ production.
  2. ^ Eight-cylinder engine (V8) model produced from February 1972.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Statesmans not marketed as "Holdens", but under the separate "Statesman" marque.
  4. ^ a b Prior to July 1973, Monaro GTS and Monaro GTS 350 utilised the 8N69 (Kingswood) VIN.
  5. ^ a b XX7 had 15.5 long cwt (1,740 lb; 790 kg) carrying capacity until September 1975, when 10 long cwt (1,120 lb; 510 kg) suspension was fitted.
  6. ^ a b c d XU3 had 15.5 long cwt (1,740 lb; 790 kg) carrying capacity.
  7. ^ a b c XU3 had 14.5 long cwt (1,620 lb; 740 kg) carrying capacity.
  8. ^ a b c d e XX7 had 10 long cwt (1,120 lb; 510 kg) carrying capacity.
  9. ^ New frontal styling for the One Tonner cab chassis released on 31 March 1981 utilised the 8WM60 (V8N) model code.
  10. ^ New frontal styling for the utility released on 1 July 1980 utilised the 8WM80 (V8N) model code.
  11. ^ New frontal styling for the panel van released on 1 July 1980 utilised the 8WM70 (V8N) model code.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q HDTs not marketed as "Holdens", but under the separate "Holden Dealer Team" (HDT) marque.
  13. ^ a b c "V6Q – 334" had the 4.2-litre engine, which was the only version initially available when released. Demand for 3.3- and 5.0-litre versions led to the July 1980 introduction of the "V6Q – 335" and "V6Q – 336" packages, respectively.
  14. ^ a b B01 had the 4.2-litre engine; BY2 the 5.0-litre engine.
  15. ^ ADP stands for "Australian Dealer Pack" (could be applied to SL, SL/X, and SL/E).
  16. ^ ADP stands for "Australian Dealer Pack" (could be applied to SL, Berlina, and Calais).
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h Option code depends on engine type:
    • A8Q: 3.0 L RB30E six-cylinder.
    • A8R: 3.0 L RB30ET six-cylinder turbo.
    • A8S: 5.0 L EFI V8.
    • A8T: 2.0 L RB20E six-cylinder (export).
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h Dealership marketing special.
  19. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l HSVs not marketed as "Holdens", but under the separate "Holden Special Vehicles" (HSV) marque.
  20. ^ a b Option code depends on whether manual or automatic transmission is specified (manual listed first).

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ Bunkley, Nick (21 January 2009). "Toyota Ahead of G.M. in 2008 Sales". The New York Times. Retrieved 15 May 2009.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Bebbington (2009), 60 Years of Holden, p. 55.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Bebbington (2009), 60 Years of Holden, p. 61.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Bebbington (2009), 60 Years of Holden, p. 66–67.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Bebbington (2009), 60 Years of Holden, p. 71.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Bebbington (2009), 60 Years of Holden, p. 75.
  7. ^ a b c d e Bebbington (2009), 60 Years of Holden, p. 79.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Bebbington (2009), 60 Years of Holden, p. 82.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad Bebbington (2009), 60 Years of Holden, p. 85.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Bebbington (2009), 60 Years of Holden, p. 90.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Bebbington (2009), 60 Years of Holden, p. 95.
  12. ^ Holden's Motor Company sales brochure AD10304 of February 1988
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj Bebbington (2009), 60 Years of Holden, p. 99–100.

Bibliography

[edit]
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