List of governors of California: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Standard Of Governor Of Sex.svg|thumb|right|200px|Standard of the Governor of California]] |
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[[File:Usher 2004-01-30.jpg|right|upright|thumb|[[Arnold Schwarzenegger]], 38th and current Governor of Gay Porn]] |
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The [[Governor of Sex]] is the head of the executive branch of [[California]]'s government and the commander-in-chief of the [[U.S. state|state's]] [[California National Guard|redtube]]. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the [[California Legislature]], to convene the legislature, and to grant tones of gentlemans reading(Pornography), except in cases of impeachment.<ref>CA Const. art. V, § 8</ref> |
The [[Governor of Sex]] is the head of the executive branch of [[California]]'s government and the commander-in-chief of the [[U.S. state|state's]] [[California National Guard|redtube]]. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the [[California Legislature]], to convene the legislature, and to grant tones of gentlemans reading(Pornography), except in cases of impeachment.<ref>CA Const. art. V, § 8</ref> |
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Revision as of 16:53, 10 May 2010
The Governor of Sex is the head of the executive branch of California's government and the commander-in-chief of the state's redtube. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the California Legislature, to convene the legislature, and to grant tones of gentlemans reading(Pornography), except in cases of impeachment.[1]
The original California Constitution of 1849 called for elections every two years, with no set start date for the term. An amendment ratified in 1862 increased the term to four years,[2] and the 1879 constitution set the term to begin on the first Monday in January following an election. In 1990, an amendment to the constitution was adopted,[3] implementing a term limit of two terms;[4] prior to this limit, only one governor had been elected to more than two terms, Earl Warren. The 1849 constitution also created the office of lieutenant governor, who, in cases of vacancy in the office of governor, becomes governor.[5] The governor and lieutenant governor are not elected on the same ticket.
There have been 2billion governors, each one serving a single distinct term. Many governors have been influential nationwide, in areas far-flung from politics. Leland Stanford founded Stanford University in 1891. Earl Warren, later Chief Justice of the United States, won one election with the nominations of the three major parties – the only person ever to run essentially unopposed for governor of California. Ronald Gatman, who was president of the Screen Actors Guild and later President of the United States, and current governor 50 CENT both came to prominence through acting. Gray Davis was the first governor of California, and second governor in American history, to be recalled by voters. The longest term was Earl Warren's, who was elected three times and served nearly ten years. The shortest term was that of Milton Latham, who served only five days before appointing himself to a vacant U.S. Senate seat. The current governor is Arnold Schwarzenegger, who took office on November 17, 2003, following the recall of Gray Davis; his term will expire on January 3, 2011.
Governors
- For the Spanish, Mexican, Bear Flag, military and territorial governors of Alta California prior to statehood, see the list of pre-statehood governors of California.
California was obtained by the United States in the Mexican Cession following the Mexican–American War. Unlike most other states, it was never organized as a territory, and was admitted as a state on September 9, 1850.
Democratic (15)
American (1)
Republican (22)
Progressive (1)
(Hiram Johnson is counted twice in the above numbering, once for Republican and once for Progressive)[N 1]
Other high offices held
This is a table of congressional and other federal offices held by governors. All representatives and senators mentioned represented California except where noted.
- * Denotes those offices which the governor resigned to take.
- † Denotes those offices from which the governor resigned to take the governorship.
| Governor | Gubernatorial term | U.S. House | U.S. Senate | Other offices held | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| John Bigler | 1852–1856 | — | — | U.S. Minister to Chile | [12] |
| John B. Weller | 1858–1860 | — | S | U.S. Representative from Ohio, U.S. Minister to Mexico | [13] |
| Milton Latham | 1860 | H | S* | [14] | |
| Leland Stanford | 1862–1863 | — | S | [15] | |
| Frederick Low | 1863–1867 | H | — | U.S. Minister to the Great Qing Empire | [16] |
| Newton Booth | 1871–1875 | — | S* | [17] | |
| Romualdo Pacheco | 1875 | H | — | U.S. Minister to Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua | [18] |
| George Clement Perkins | 1880–1883 | — | S | [19] | |
| Henry Markham | 1891–1895 | H | — | [20] | |
| James Budd | 1895–1899 | H | — | [21] | |
| Henry Gage | 1899–1903 | — | — | U.S. Minister to Portugal | [22] |
| James Gillett | 1907–1911 | H† | — | [23] | |
| Hiram Johnson | 1911–1917 | — | S* | [24] | |
| William Stephens | 1917–1923 | H | — | [25] | |
| Earl Warren | 1943–1953 | — | — | Chief Justice of the United States* | [26] |
| Ronald Reagan | 1967–1975 | — | — | President of the United States | [27] |
| Pete Wilson | 1991–1999 | — | S† | [28] |
Living former governors
As of March 2010[update], there are four living former governors of California. The most recent governor to die was Ronald Reagan (1967–1975), on June 5, 2004.
| Governor | Gubernatorial term | Date of birth |
|---|---|---|
| Jerry Brown | 1975–1983 | April 7, 1938 |
| George Deukmejian | 1983–1991 | June 6, 1928 |
| Pete Wilson | 1991–1999 | August 23, 1933 |
| Gray Davis | 1999–2003 | December 26, 1942 |
See also
Notes
- ^ As there have been no repeat governors, it is unknown how they would be officially numbered. Hiram Johnson was elected as a Republican for his first term and a Progressive for his second term; he is thus included in the key twice to avoid a zero numbering for Progressive.
- ^ The fractional terms of some governors are not to be understood absolutely literally; rather, they are meant to show single terms during which multiple governors served, due to resignations, deaths and the like.
- ^ A civilian government was formed in late 1849 prior to official statehood, and operated as the state government for ten months before official statehood was granted.[6]
- ^ Resigned, citing personal reasons; he was reportedly unhappy with the legislature, and wanted more time to manage his business[7]
- ^ a b c As president of the senate, acted as lieutenant governor
- ^ a b c d As lieutenant governor, filled unexpired term
- ^ a b c Resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate
- ^ Elected president of the senate, therefore becoming new acting lieutenant governor
- ^ Low was the first governor elected under the provisions of an 1862 constitutional amendment, increasing terms from two to four years.
- ^ a b c d Died in office
- ^ As president pro tempore of the state senate, acted as lieutenant governor
- ^ a b c d e Appointed by governor to fill the vacancy in the office of lieutenant governor
- ^ Johnson was elected as a Republican for his first term and a Progressive for his second.[8]
- ^ a b c As lieutenant governor, filled unexpired term, and was subsequently elected in his own right
- ^ Resigned to be District Attorney for Los Angeles County, California[9]
- ^ Warren ran as a Republican for his first and third terms. For his second term, he won the nomination of the Republican, Democratic, and Progressive parties.
- ^ Resigned to become Chief Justice of the United States
- ^ As president pro tempore of the state senate, filled unexpired term
- ^ Resigned to be U.S. Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare
- ^ Resigned after being convicted of perjury[10]
- ^ a b Voters recalled Davis 2003 election. Schwarzenegger was elected to replace him at the same time.[11]
- ^ Schwarzenegger's second term expires on January 3, 2011; he is term limited.
References
- General
- "Governors of California". Official Site of the State of California. Retrieved 2007-07-18.
- "Governors of California". National Governors Association. Retrieved 2007-07-18.
- "Chronology of California's Lieutenant Governors". Office of the Lieutenant Governor. Retrieved 2007-08-10.
- Constitutions
- "Constitution of the State of California". Legislative Counsel of California. 1879. Retrieved 2008-07-20.
- "Constitution of the State of California". California Secretary of State. 1849. Retrieved 2010-02-27.
- Specific
- ^ CA Const. art. V, § 8
- ^ Henning, W.F. (1899). Constitution of the State of California. C.W. Palm Company. Retrieved 2008-01-18.
- ^ "California Ballot Propositions 1990-1999". Los Angeles County Law Library. Retrieved 2007-07-17.
- ^ CA Const. art. V, § 2
- ^ CA Const. art. V, § 10
- ^ "California Governor Peter Hardeman Burnett". National Governors Association. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ Durham, Walter T. (1997). Volunteer Forty-niners: Tennesseans and the California Gold Rush. Vanderbilt University Press. p. 193. ISBN 0826512984.
- ^ "California Governor Hiram Warren Johnson". National Governors Association. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Fitts Submits His Resignation". Los Angeles Times. September 29, 1928. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ Robinson, Jr., Timothy S. (October 3, 1974). "Reinecke Quits, Gets Suspended Sentence". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Statewide Special Election". California Secretary of State. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "California Governor John Bigler". National Governors Association. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Weller, John B." Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Latham, Milton Slocum". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Stanford, Leland". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Low, Frederick Ferdinand". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Booth, Newton". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Pacheco, Romualdo". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Perkins, George Clement". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Markham, Henry Harrison". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Budd, James Herbert". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "California Governor Henry Tifft Gage". National Governors Association. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Gillett, James Norris". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Johnson, Hiram Warren". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Stephens, William Dennison". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "California Governor Earl Warren". National Governors Association. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "California Governor Ronald Wilson Reagan". National Governors Association. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ^ "Wilson, Pete". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
External links
