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List of mammals of Europe

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This is a list of mammals of Europe. It includes all mammals currently found in Europe (from northeast Atlantic to Ural Mountains and northern slope of Caucasus Mountains), whether resident or as regular migrants. Moreover, species occurring in Cyprus, Canary Islands (Spain) and Azores (Portugal) are listed here. If geographical range of given European mammal additionally overlaps Turkey, it is noted in some of cases. This checklist does not include species found only in captivity. Each species is listed, with its binomial name and notes on its distribution where this is limited. Introduced species are also noted.

IUCN conservation statusesExtinctionExtinctionExtinct in the wildCritically EndangeredEndangered speciesVulnerable speciesNear ThreatenedThreatened speciesLeast ConcernLeast Concern

Summary of 2006 IUCN Red List categories.

Conservation status - IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:

EX - extinct, EW - extinct in the wild
CR - critically endangered, EN - endangered VU - vulnerable
NT - near threatened, LC - least concern
DD - data deficient, NE - not evaluated
(v. 2024-1, the data is current as of September 21, 2024[1])

Eulipotyphlans

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Erinaceidae

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Hedgehogs

Talpidae

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Moles
Desmans

Soricidae (shrews)

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Bats

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Pteropodidae (megabat)

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Rhinolophidae (horseshoe bats)

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Vespertilionidae (evening bats)

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Miniopteridae

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Molossidae (free-tailed bats)

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Nycteridae (slit-faced bats)

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Lagomorphs

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The European hare

Leporidae (leporids)

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Ochotonidae (pikas)

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Rodents

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Sciuridae (squirrels)

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An alpine marmot

Castoridae

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Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)

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Gliridae (dormice)

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Muroids: Spalacidae (spalacids)

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Muroids: Cricetidae

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Hamsters
Lemmings
Voles

Muroids: Muridae

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Old World rats and mice
Spiny mice
Jirds
Gerbils

Muroids: Sminthidae (birch mice)

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Muroids: Dipodidae (jerboas)

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Carnivorans

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Ursidae (bears)

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Canidae

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European jackal (Canis aureus moreotica), a subspecies of golden jackal

Mustelidae (weasels and allies)

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Felidae (cats)

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The Eurasian lynx

Hyaenidae (hyenas)

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Phocidae (earless seals)

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Odobenidae

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Odd-toed ungulates

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Equidae (horse)

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Even-toed ungulates

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Suidae (pigs)

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Bovidae (bovid)

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Cervidae (deer)

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Cetacea

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Delphinidae (oceanic dolphins)

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Killer whale
Bottlenose dolphin

Phocoenidae (porpoises)

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  • Common porpoise, Phocoena phocoena LC
    (Baltic Sea subpopulation: CR, ssp. relicta - Black Sea harbour porpoise: EN)

Monodontidae

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Kogiidae

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Physeteridae

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  • Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU (Mediterranean subpopulation: EN)

Ziphiidae (beaked whales)

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Balaenopteridae (rorquals)

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Humpback whale

Eschrichtiidae

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  • Gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus RE (possible vagrant from Pacific was recorded in 2010[13])

Balaenidae

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Introduced animals

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Macropodidae (macropods)

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  • Red-necked wallaby, Notamacropus rufogriseus LC (Britain, Ireland, France and Germany, introduced)

Erinaceidae

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Primates

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Sciuridae (squirrels)

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Myocastoridae

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  • Coypu, Myocastor coypus LC (introduced)

Cricetidae

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  • Muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus LC (introduced)

Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)

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Muroids: Muridae

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Old World rats and mice

Canidae

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Mustelidae (weasel)

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Herpestidae (mongooses)

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Viverridae (viverrids)

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Procyonidae

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Mephitidae

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Bovidae (bovids)

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Equidae (horses)

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Cervidae (deer)

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  • Chital, Axis axis LC (introduced)
  • Wapiti, Cervus canadensis LC (Italy, introduced)
  • Sika deer, Cervus nippon LC (introduced)
  • Chinese water deer, Hydropotes inermis VU (Britain, France, introduced)
  • Chinese muntjac, Muntiacus reevesi LC (Britain, Ireland, Japan, the Netherlands, Belgium, introduced)
  • White-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus LC (introduced; Finland, Czechia)

See also

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Further reading

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  • Macdonald D., Barrett P., Collins Field Guide: Mammals of Britain & Europe, HarperCollinsPublishers, London, 1993, ISBN 0-00-219779-0
  • Görner M., Hackethal H., Beobachten und bestimmen: Säugetiere Europas, Neumann Verlag, Leipzig, Radebeul, 1987, ISBN 3-7402-0025-1

Notes

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Species split from this species or considered as distinct species alternatively. All these taxa occur in the area of interest, including the one on the left.
  2. ^ a b c d e Not recognized as a separate species in the Mammal Diversity Database v. 1.10.[3]
  3. ^ According to the IUCN Red List this distribution needs to be confirmed and bats from North Africa are treated as Pipistrellus kuhlii.[5]

References

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  1. ^ "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av "Mammal Diversity Database. (2020). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.2) [Data set]. Zenodo". 2020. doi:10.5281/zenodo.4139818. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d * Mammal Diversity Database (2022). "Mammal Diversity Database. (2022). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.10) [Data set]. Zenodo". doi:10.5281/zenodo.7394529. Retrieved 16 January 2023. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  4. ^ Simmons, N.B. (2005). "Order Chiroptera". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 474–475. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  5. ^ Piraccini, R. (2016). "Pipistrellus hesperidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136741A22035802. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136741A22035802.en. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
  6. ^ Çoraman, E. (2021). "Miniopterus pallidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T81633088A89457387. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T81633088A89457387.en. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  7. ^ Ellerman, J. R. and Morrison-Scott, T. C. S. (1966). Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946. Second edition. British Museum of Natural History, London. Pp. 306–307
  8. ^ Ghoddousi, A.; Belbachir, F.; Durant, S.M.; Herbst, M.; Rosen, T. (2022). "Felis lybica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T131299383A154907281. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T131299383A154907281.en. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  9. ^ Ross, S.; Barashkova, A.; Dhendup, T.; Munkhtsog, B.; Smelansky, I.; Barclay, D.; Moqanaki, E. (2020) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Otocolobus manul". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T15640A180145377. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T15640A180145377.en. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  10. ^ WWF (2007) Strategy for the Conservation of the Leopard in the Caucasus Ecoregion. Strategic Planning Workshop on Leopard Conservation in the Caucasus. Tbilisi, Georgia, 30 May – 1 June 2007
  11. ^ Kitchener, A. C.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Eizirik, E.; Gentry, A.; Werdelin, L.; Wilting, A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Abramov, A. V.; Christiansen, P.; Driscoll, C.; Duckworth, J. W.; Johnson, W.; Luo, S.-J.; Meijaard, E.; O’Donoghue, P.; Sanderson, J.; Seymour, K.; Bruford, M.; Groves, C.; Hoffmann, M.; Nowell, K.; Timmons, Z.; Tobe, S. (2017). "A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group" (PDF). Cat News (Special Issue 11).
  12. ^ AbiSaid, M.; Dloniak, S.M.D. (2015). "Hyaena hyaena". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T10274A45195080. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T10274A45195080.en. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  13. ^ King, Anthony (20 August 2015). "Are grey whales climate change's big winners?". The Irish Times.
  14. ^ Wright, L.; de Silva, P.K.; Chan, B.; Reza Lubis, I.; Basak, S. (2021). "Aonyx cinereus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T44166A164580923. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T44166A164580923.en. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  15. ^ "The Last Truly Wild Horses Are Alive and Well in Chernobyl". Popular Mechanics. October 17, 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2020.
  16. ^ "Fresh research shows how horse domestication helped shape humanity". Horsetalk. May 10, 2018. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
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