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Lebanese Premier League

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Lebanese Premier League
Organising bodyLebanese Football Association
FoundedMay 1934; 90 years ago (May 1934)
CountryLebanon
ConfederationAFC
Number of teams12
Level on pyramid1
Relegation toLebanese Second Division
Domestic cup(s)
League cup(s)Lebanese Federation Cup
International cup(s)AFC Challenge League
Current championsNejmeh (9th title)
(2023–24)
Most championshipsAnsar (14 titles)
Top goalscorerFadi Alloush (120)[a]
TV partnersMTV Lebanon, FIFA+
Websitethe-lfa.com
Current: 2024–25 Lebanese Premier League

The Lebanese First Division (Arabic: الدوري اللبناني الدرجة الأولى), commonly known as the Lebanese Premier League (Arabic: الدوري اللبناني الممتاز, romanized: ad-dawrī al-lubnānī al-mumtāz), is the top division of the Lebanese football league system. There are 12 teams competing in the league, which operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the Lebanese Second Division.

The league's first season began in May 1934, with Nahda winning the maiden title. Ansar is the most successful club in the league having won 14 titles; they also set a Guinness World Record by winning 11 consecutive league titles between 1988 and 1999.[b] The league has featured a "split" system since 2020, in which the season is divided in two phases.

The country's most followed football club, Nejmeh's supporters are predominantly from the Lebanese Shia community.

History

[edit]
A Beirut derby match between Nejmeh and Ansar during the 2019–20 season.

On 22 March 1933, representatives of 13 football clubs gathered in the Minet El Hosn district in Beirut to form the Lebanese Football Association (LFA).[2][3] The Lebanese Premier League began in May 1934 as the Edmond Rubeiz Cup, in honour of Nahda player Edmond Rubeiz who had died of typhoid the previous year.[4] The competition was held in a knockout format, with Nahda beating DPHB 7–1 in the final to win the inaugural competition.[4][5]

Nahda, AUB, and DPHB shared the titles during the first decade of the league.[5] Between the 1940s and 1960s Armenian clubs, mainly Homenetmen and Homenmen, were the most prominent in the Lebanese footballing scene.[6] The two clubs shared 11 titles in 16 seasons between 1943 and 1969.[5] Following a 12-year interruption of the league due to the Lebanese Civil War, Ansar dominated the league winning 11 consecutive league titles between 1988 and 1999.[5] They set a Guinness World Record for most consecutive league titles, which has been since broken by Skonto of Latvia in 2002.[7]

Nejmeh broke Ansar's streak, winning four out of five league titles between 2000 and 2005.[5] Since the late 2000s, Ahed have emerged as the dominant force in Lebanese football. They won their inaugural league title in 2008 and have since been crowned champions a total of nine times.[5] After having won the league title in 2019, Ahed became the three-time defending champions, a feat accomplished only one other time, by Ansar in 1992.[8] Due to financial and political issues in the country, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic, the LFA decided to cancel the ongoing 2019–20 season.[9][10]

Competition format

[edit]

There are 12 clubs in the Lebanese Premier League. Teams receive three points for a win and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a loss.

Teams are ranked by total points, then head-to-head points, and then head-to-head goal difference. If still equal, the overall goal difference and then the overall goals scored are taken into consideration. If teams are still tied, disciplinary points are considered.[11]

Split

[edit]

Prior to the 2020–21 season, each club played the others twice (a double round-robin system), once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents', for 22 games.

Starting from the 2020–21 season, the league adopted a "split" system where each season is divided into two phases.[11] In the initial phase, each club plays each other once, totaling 11 matchdays. Following this, the league splits into a "top six" and a "bottom six" section. In the 2020–21 season, clubs faced each team in their respective sections once more (5 additional matchdays). From 2021–22 to 2022–23, clubs faced each team in their section twice (10 additional matchdays). Since 2023–24, they play three times against each team in their section (15 additional matchdays).[12] Points from the first phase carry over to the second, but from the 2022–23 season onward, the carried-over points are halved.[13] The system has been viewed positively by various members of Lebanese football.[14][15]

Promotion and relegation

[edit]

A system of promotion and relegation exists between the Lebanese Premier League and the Lebanese Second Division since 1935. In April 1935, Second Division clubs requested a promotion system to be implemented.[16] It was proposed that, at the end of the season, every Second Division team that wanted to be promoted to the First Division had to play against three teams from the First Division, winning all three.[16] The teams from the First Division had to have at least 7 players from their squad in the previous season.[16]

The two lowest placed teams in the Lebanese Premier League are relegated to the Second Division, and the top two teams from the Second Division promoted to the Lebanese Premier League.

Video assistant referee

[edit]

Video assistant referee (VAR), was introduced to the Lebanese Premier League in the second half of the 2023–24 season. It uses technology and officials to assist the referee in making decisions on the pitch. The match between Ahed and Racing Beirut in the first matchday, on 6 August 2023, was the first to test the use of VAR.[17]

Clubs

[edit]
Main article: List of football clubs in Lebanon

Champions

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Wins by year
No. Season Champion
1 1933–34 Nahda
2 1934–35 AUB
3 1935–36 DPHB
4 1936–37 AUB
5 1937–38 AUB
6 1938–39 DPHB
1939–40 Canceled
7 1940–41 DPHB
8 1941–42 Nahda
9 1942–43 Nahda
10 1943–44 Homenetmen
11 1944–45 Homenmen
12 1945–46 Homenetmen
13 1946–47 Nahda
14 1947–48 Homenetmen
15 1948–49 Nahda
1949–50 Canceled
16 1950–51 Homenetmen
1951 to 1953 Not in operation
No. Season Champion
17 1953–54 Homenmen
18 1954–55 Homenetmen
19 1955–56 Racing Beirut
20 1956–57 Homenmen
1957 to 1960 Not in operation
21 1960–61 Homenmen
1961–62 Not contested
22 1962–63 Homenetmen
1963–64 Not contested
23 1964–65 Racing Beirut
1965–66 Not contested
24 1966–67 Shabiba Mazraa
1967–68 Not contested
25 1968–69 Homenetmen
26 1969–70 Racing Beirut
1970 to 1972 Not in operation
27 1972–73 Nejmeh
1973–74 Canceled
28 1974–75 Nejmeh
No. Season Champion
1975 to 1987 Not in operation
29 1987–88 Ansar
1988–89 Canceled
30 1989–90 Ansar
31 1990–91 Ansar
32 1991–92 Ansar
33 1992–93 Ansar
34 1993–94 Ansar
35 1994–95 Ansar
36 1995–96 Ansar
37 1996–97 Ansar
38 1997–98 Ansar
39 1998–99 Ansar
40 1999–2000 Nejmeh
2000–01 Not awarded
41 2001–02 Nejmeh
42 2002–03 Olympic Beirut
43 2003–04 Nejmeh
44 2004–05 Nejmeh
No. Season Champion
45 2005–06 Ansar
46 2006–07 Ansar
47 2007–08 Ahed
48 2008–09 Nejmeh
49 2009–10 Ahed
50 2010–11 Ahed
51 2011–12 Safa
52 2012–13 Safa
53 2013–14 Nejmeh
54 2014–15 Ahed
55 2015–16 Safa
56 2016–17 Ahed
57 2017–18 Ahed
58 2018–19 Ahed
2019–20 Not awarded
59 2020–21 Ansar
60 2021–22 Ahed
61 2022–23 Ahed
62 2023–24 Nejmeh
Wins by club
Club Wins Winning years
Ansar 14 1987–88, 1989–90, 1990–91, 1991–92, 1992–93, 1993–94, 1994–95, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1997–98, 1998–99, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2020–21
Ahed 9 2007–08, 2009–10, 2010–11, 2014–15, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2021–22, 2022–23
Nejmeh 1972–73, 1974–75, 1999–00, 2001–02, 2003–04, 2004–05, 2008–09, 2013–14, 2023–24
Homenetmen 7 1943–44, 1945–46, 1947–48, 1950–51, 1954–55, 1962–63, 1968–69
Nahda 5 1933–34, 1941–42, 1942–43, 1946–47, 1948–49
Homenmen 4 1944–45, 1953–54, 1956–57, 1960–61
AUB 3 1934–35, 1936–37, 1937–38
DPHB 1935–36, 1938–39, 1940–41
Racing Beirut 1955–56, 1964–65, 1969–70
Safa 2011–12, 2012–13, 2015–16
Shabiba Mazraa 1 1966–67
Olympic Beirut 2002–03

2024–25 season

[edit]

The following 12 clubs competed in the Lebanese Premier League during the 2024–25 season.

Club Home city Position in 2023–24 Top division titles Most recent top division title
Ahed Beirut (Ouzai) 3rd 9 2023–24
Ansar Beirut (Tariq el-Jdideh) 2nd 14 2020–21
Bourj Beirut (Bourj el-Barajneh) 4th 0 —
Chabab Ghazieh Ghazieh 10th 0 —
Nejmeh Beirut (Ras Beirut) 1st 9 2023–24
Racing Beirut Beirut (Achrafieh) 6th 3 1969–70
Riyadi Abbasiyah Aabbassiyeh 1st in the Second Division 0 —
Safa Beirut (Wata el-Museitbeh) 5th 3 2015–16
Sagesse Beirut (Achrafieh) 9th 0 —
Shabab Baalbeck Baalbeck 2nd in the Second Division 0 —
Shabab Sahel Beirut (Haret Hreik) 7th 0 —
Tadamon Sour Tyre 8th 0 —

Media coverage

[edit]

Broadcasting rights for the Lebanese Premier League were distributed to MTV Lebanon starting from the 2016–17 season, on a five-year contract worth $600,000 per season;[18] the contract was renewed in 2022 for a further four seasons.[19] Live coverage of three games is broadcast each week, and weekly highlights of each match are produced once a week.[20] The LFA broadcast the other weekly games on its YouTube channel between 2020 and 2022.[21][22]

In October 2022, the LFA and FIFA signed an agreement to show all matches in the Lebanese Second Division, Lebanese Super Cup and Lebanese Women's Football League through the FIFA+ platform;[23] FIFA+ also replaced the LFA YouTube channel in transmitting the remaining Lebanese Premier League games not covered by MTV.[24]

Stadiums

[edit]
Main article: List of football stadiums in Lebanon
The Camille Chamoun Sports City Stadium in 2018

At the start of the 2005–06 season, the Lebanese government imposed a ban on spectators due to fears of political and sectarian-inspired violence in the stadiums.[25][26] After six years, in 2011, the ban was lifted and fans were allowed to regularly attend matches.[26] While attendance was initially scarce, spectators started to show up more regularly season after season. Indeed, in 2018 ultras groups started to form, with Nejmeh's "Ultras Supernova" being the first.[27][28][29] Other teams quickly followed, such as Ansar, Ahed and Bourj.[30][29][31]

Players

[edit]

Foreign players and transfer regulations

[edit]

Prior to the 2023–24 season, Lebanese clubs were permitted three foreign players on the field simultaneously.[32] Additionally, up to two extra Palestinian players born in Lebanon could be listed on a match sheet, but only one Palestinian player was allowed among the eleven players on the field.[32] Furthermore, each club competing in an AFC competition could field one additional foreign player exclusively for continental matches, as the AFC permitted four foreign players in the starting eleven, one of whom from an AFC country.[33]

Starting from 2023–24, the foreign player limit increased to four,[34] and Palestinian players on a team sheet became unlimited, with the field restriction remaining.[12] Following an alteration in AFC regulations, allowing six foreign players in the starting eleven, including one from an AFC country, clubs in AFC competitions are now allowed two extra foreign players to be only fielded in continental competitions.[35]

Since the 1998–99 season, the Lebanese Football Association has prevented the acquisition of foreign goalkeepers.[36][37] Due to the economic situation in Lebanon, clubs were barred from fielding foreign players in the league in 2020–21 and the first half of 2021–22.[11]

Players may only be transferred during transfer windows that are set by the Lebanese Football Association. The two transfer windows run from 15 May to 25 July and from 1 January to 30 January.[38]

Homegrown players

[edit]

Starting from the 2019–20 season, all teams in the Lebanese Premier League and Lebanese Second Division must involve a certain number of under-21 players in both the league and the Lebanese FA Cup.[39] In case a club were to not meet the required number of minutes at the end of the season, they would have three points deducted from their total in the league.[12][39] Initially, the quota was set at a minimum of 1,000 minutes for one under-22 player, a minimum of 1,500 aggregate minutes for two players and a minimum of 2,000 aggregate minutes for three players.[39]

As the 2019–20 season was cancelled, the player quota was ultimately implemented for the 2020–21 season, with a few amendments.[40] Each club had to involve one player for at least 600 minutes, two players for at least 800 combined minutes, and three players for at least 1,200 combined minutes.[40] Also, each club is allowed a maximum of eight players over the age of 30, with only five being able to be fielded in a game.[40] In the 2022–23 season, the quotas changed to 2,000 combined minutes for two under-21 players and 3,000 combined minuted for three players.[13] In 2023–24, the quotas changed once again, to 750 minutes for one under-21 player and 1,000 combined minutes for two players.[12]

Top scorers

[edit]
See also: List of Lebanese Premier League top scorers and Lebanese Premier League Golden Boot
Vardan Ghazaryan is the second-highest goalscorer in Lebanese Premier League history with 117 goals.
As of 22 September 2024[1]
Rank Name Years Goals
1 Lebanon Fadi Alloush 1985–1999 120[c]
2 Lebanon Vardan Ghazaryan 1992–2002, 2003–2004, 2006–2009 117[d]
3 Lebanon Abbas Ahmed Atwi 1997–2012, 2012–2022 113[e]
4 Lebanon Hassan Maatouk[41] 2004–2011, 2017–present 106[f]
5 Lebanon Mohammad Kassas[42] 1999–2005, 2006–2008, 2008–2011, 2016–2017 104[g]

Italics denotes players still playing football,
Bold denotes players still playing in the Lebanese Premier League.

The Golden Boot is awarded to the top Lebanese Premier League scorer at the end of each season. Fadi Alloush holds the record for most Lebanese Premier League goals with 120.[a][1] Seven players were top scorers more than once: Elhadji Malick Tall three times, and Levon Altonian, Fadi Alloush, Mohammad Kassas, Mohammed Ghaddar, Lucas Galán, and Hassan Maatouk twice.[43] Fadi Alloush holds the record for most goals in a season (32) while playing for Ansar.[44]

Official match ball

[edit]

On 30 July 2019, the Lebanese Football Association announced a three-year deal with German sportswear company Jako for €120,000, with the Jako Match 2.0 becoming the league's official match ball starting from the 2019–20 season.[45]

  • 2019–2020: Jako Match 2.0
  • 2020–present: Jako Galaxy Match 2.0

See also

[edit]

Notes and references

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Fadi Alloush is listed as the top scorer with 120 goals, although he scored a total of 124 goals, because four goals scored during the 1987–88 season were not counted. Vardan Ghazaryan, who scored a total of 129 goals, is not listed as the top scorer because his 12 goals scored during the 2000–01 season were not counted as the season was canceled.[1]
  2. ^ The record has since been surpassed by Latvian First League club Skonto.
  3. ^ Alloush scored a total of 124 goals, however his four goals scored during the 1987–88 season against Shabiba Mazraa, that withdrew, were not counted.
  4. ^ Ghazaryan scored a total of 129 goals, however his 12 goals scored during the 2000–01 season were not counted as the season was canceled.
  5. ^ Atwi scored a total of 114 goals, however his goal scored during the 2019–20 season was not counted as the season was canceled.
  6. ^ Maatouk scored a total of 107 goals, however his goal scored during the 2019–20 season was not counted as the season was canceled.
  7. ^ Kassas scored a total of 107 goals, however his three goals scored during the 2000–01 season were not counted as the season was canceled.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c من هو الهداف التاريخي للدوري اللبناني ؟ .. فادي علوش أم فارطان غازاريان وما حقيقة الجدل؟ [Who is the historical top scorer for the Lebanese League? Fadi Alloush or Vardan Ghazaryan, and what is the truth behind the controversy?] (in Arabic). Aljadeed Sport. 2 November 2020. Archived from the original on 6 December 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2020 – via Facebook.
  2. ^ Hawi, Grace (25 June 2009). الإعلام الرياضي في لبنان بين شباك السياسة والإهمال [Sports media in Lebanon between politics and neglect]. Al Akhbar (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 20 December 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  3. ^ لمحة عن الإتحاد [About the Federation]. Lebanese Football Association (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 28 July 2016. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
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  6. ^ Mouawad, Jamil (2018). "Lebanese Football: Imagining a Defiant and United Lebanon". Middle East Critique. 27 (3): 289–302. doi:10.1080/19436149.2018.1485301. S2CID 150228818. Retrieved 14 March 2019 – via www.academia.edu.
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Bibliography

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