David Kamehameha
| David Kamehameha | |
|---|---|
| Prince of Hawaiʻi | |
 The Kamehameha Tomb at Mauna ʻAla, his name is inscribed on the left side of the monument under "D. Kamehameha". | |
| Born | May 20, 1828 Honolulu, Oʻahu |
| Died | December 15, 1835 (aged 7) Honolulu, Oʻahu |
| Burial | |
| House | Kamehameha |
| Father | Kekūanaōʻa |
| Mother | Kīnaʻu Kaʻahumanu (hānai) Kekāuluohi (hānai) |
David Kamehameha (1828–1835) was a member of the royal family of the Kingdom of Hawaii.
Biography
[edit]Born May 20, 1828, he was the firstborn and eldest son of Mataio Kekūanaōʻa and Elizabeth Kīnaʻu. He was a grandson of King Kamehameha I through his mother and was named in his grandfather's honor and after the biblical king David, in respect to his parents' conversion to Christianity. He had three brothers, Moses Kekūāiwa (1829–1848), Lot Kapuāiwa (1830–1872), Alexander Liholiho (1834–1863), and a sister Victoria Kamāmalu (1838–1866). He had other siblings, an unnamed, elder half-brother from his mother's previous marriage to Kahalaiʻa Luanuʻu, who died young; and half-sister Ruth Keʻelikōlani (1826–1883), from his father's previous marriage.[1][2]: 347 [3] Laura Fish Judd, wife of missionary Gerrit P. Judd, described the prince as "a boy fine enough for any mother not of the seed royal to glory in."[4]
In the Hawaiian tradition of hānai, he was given in adoption to his "grandmother", Queen Kaʻahumanu, alongside Keʻelikōlani. David's birth had helped reconcile Kaʻahumanu to his mother's refusal to marry her half-brother, Kamehameha III, in accordance with the wishes of Kamehameha I. His aunt, Kekāuluohi, helped the old Queen take care of him.[2]: 280 [5] Queen Kaʻahumanu was the most powerful figure in Hawaii at the time, serving as kuhina nui (premier) and regent for Kamehameha III; she often found trouble in dealing with the young king's guardian, Boki, the royal governor of Oahu, who publicly accused her of scheming to place David Kamehameha on the throne, an accusation she denied.[6] When news reached her that Boki was coming to kill her, she said "I do not fear death planned by this son of ours, but he will have [come] himself to kill me and these grandchildren of mine who will stay by me." Luckily, Boki was convinced by David's father, Kekūanaōʻa, to give up his idea of declaring war on the dowager Queen.[2]: 290–291 When he was four in 1832, Kaʻahumanu died of intestinal illness at her house in the Mānoa Valley, and afterwards, David was either raised by Kekāuluohi, although Kīnaʻu still had a hand in his upbringing.[7][8] Her mother succeeded as kuhina nui in Kaʻahumanu's place and styled herself Kaʻahumanu II.
He died of unknown causes on December 15, 1835, in Honolulu, in his mother's stone house near the present Iolani Palace.[1][9] He was laid to rest in the Pohukaina Tomb on the grounds of the future ʻIolani Palace (both the first and second palace had yet to be built) and later his remains were transported to the Mauna ʻAla Royal Mausoleum.[10][11] In 1836, Kapaʻakea and Keohokālole named their third son David Kalākaua, probably in honor of the premier's dead son.
Family tree
[edit]Below is a simplified family tree showing the immediate relatives of David Kamehameha:[12][13][14]
| Kalaʻimamahu | Kalākua Kaheiheimālie (1778–1842) | Kamehameha I (The Great) (1758–1819) | Kaʻahumanu (1768–1832) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Miriam Auhea Kekāuluohi Kaʻahumanu III (1794–1845) | Elizabeth Kīnaʻu Kaʻahumanu II (1805–1839) | Mataio Kekūanaōʻa (1793–1868) | Kalani Pauahi (1804–1826) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Victoria Kamāmalu Kaʻahumanu IV (1838–1866) | Alexander Liholiho Kamehameha IV (1834–1863) | Lot Kapuāiwa Kamehameha V (1830–1872) | Moses Kekūāiwa (1829–1848) | David Kamehameha (1828–1835) | Ruth Keʻelikōlani (1826–1883) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References
[edit]- ^ a b Abraham Fornander (1920). "Events in Hawaiian History". In Thomas George Thrum (ed.). Fornander Collection of Hawaiian Antiquities and Folk-lore. Bishop Museum Press. p. 317.
- ^ a b c Kamakau, Samuel (1992) [1961]. Ruling Chiefs of Hawaii (Revised ed.). Honolulu: Kamehameha Schools Press. ISBN 0-87336-014-1.
- ^ Kamakau, Samuel Manaiakalani (2001). Ke Aupuni Mōʻī: Ka Moʻolelo Hawaiʻi no Kauikeaouli keiki hoʻoilina a Kamehameha a me ke aupuni āna i noho mōʻī ai. Honolulu: Kamehameha Schools Press. p. 134.
- ^ Laura Fish Judd (1880). Honolulu: Sketches of Life. A. D. F. Randolph. pp. 34, 127.
- ^ Katharine Luomala, University of Hawaii (1987). "Reality and Fantasy: The Foster Child in Hawaiian Myths and Customs". Pacific Studies. Brigham Young University Hawaii Campus. pp. 1–45. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
- ^ Kathleen Dickenson Mellen (1952). The Magnificent Matriarch: Kaahumanu, Queen of Hawaii. Hastings House. pp. 218–219.
- ^ Ii, John Papa; Pukui, Mary Kawena; Barrère, Dorothy B. (1983). Fragments of Hawaiian History (2 ed.). Honolulu: Bishop Museum Press. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-910240-31-4.
- ^ Hiram Bingham I (1855) [1848]. A Residence of Twenty-one Years in the Sandwich Islands (Third ed.). H.D. Goodwin. pp. 341–342.
- ^ "MAKE". Ke Kumu Hawaii. Vol. 1, no. 26. Honolulu. December 23, 1835. p. 207.
- ^ "Royal Mausoleum". The Hawaiian Gazette. March 10, 1899. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
- ^ Samuel P. King, Randall W. Roth (2006). Broken Trust. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 28–29. ISBN 0-8248-3014-8.
- ^ Kamakau 2001, p. 134.
- ^ The Royal Lineage Hawaiʻi. Honolulu, Hawaii: Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum.
- ^ Kanahele, George S. (1999). Emma: Hawaii's Remarkable Queen. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-8248-2240-8. OCLC 40890919.