July 4

"July 4" redirects here. For the holiday, see Independence Day (United States). For other uses, see Fourth of July (disambiguation).

July 4 in recent years

2024 (Thursday)

2023 (Tuesday)

2022 (Monday)

2021 (Sunday)

2020 (Saturday)

2019 (Thursday)

2018 (Wednesday)

2017 (Tuesday)

2016 (Monday)

2015 (Saturday)

July 4 is the 185th day of the year (186th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 180 days remain until the end of the year. The Aphelion, the point in the year when the Earth is farthest from the Sun, occurs around this date.

Events

• 414 – Emperor Theodosius II, age 13, yields power to his older sister Aelia Pulcheria who reigns as regent and proclaimed herself empress (Augusta) of the Eastern Roman Empire.
• 836 – Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples.
• 993 – Saint Ulrich of Augsburg is canonized.
• 1054 – A supernova is seen by Chinese, Arab, and possibly Amerindian observers near the star Zeta Tauri. For several months it remains bright enough to be seen during the day. Its remnants form the Crab Nebula.
• 1120 – Jordan II of Capua is anointed as prince after his infant nephew's death.
• 1187 – The Crusades: Battle of Hattin – Saladin defeats Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem.
• 1253 – Battle of West-Capelle: John I of Avesnes defeats Guy of Dampierre.
• 1359 – Francesco II Ordelaffi of Forlì surrenders to the Papal commander Gil de Albornoz.
• 1456 – The Siege of Nándorfehérvár (Belgrade) begins. (Part of the Ottoman wars in Europe)
• 1534 – Christian III is elected King of Denmark and Norway in the town of Rye.
• 1569 – The King of Poland and the Grand Duke of Lithuania, Sigismund II Augustus finally sign the document of union between Poland and Lithuania, creating new country known as Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
• 1610 – The Battle of Klushino between forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russia during the Polish-Muscovite War.
• 1634 – The city of Trois-Rivières is founded in New France (Quebec, Canada)
• 1636 – City of Providence, Rhode Island forms.
• 1744 – The Treaty of Lancaster, in which the Iroquois ceded lands between the Allegheny Mountains and the Ohio River to the British colonies, is signed in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
• 1754 – French and Indian War: George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity to French Capt. Louis Coulon de Villiers.
• 1774 – Orangetown Resolutions adopted in the Province of New York, one of many protests against the British Parliament's Coercive Acts

The United States declares its independence in 1776.

• 1776 – American Revolution: The United States Declaration of Independence is adopted by the Second Continental Congress.
• 1778 – American Revolutionary War: American forces under George Clark capture Kaskaskia during the Illinois campaign.
• 1802 – At West Point, New York the United States Military Academy opens.
• 1803 – The Louisiana Purchase is announced to the American people.
• 1810 – The French occupy Amsterdam.
• 1817 – At Rome, New York, United States, construction on the Erie Canal begins.
• 1826 – Thomas Jefferson, third president of the United States, dies the same day as John Adams, second president of the United States, on the fiftieth anniversary of the adoption of the United States Declaration of Independence.
• 1827 – Slavery is abolished in New York State.
• 1831 – Samuel Francis Smith wrote My Country, 'Tis of Thee for the Boston, MA July 4th festivities.
• 1837 – Grand Junction Railway, the world's first long-distance railway, opens between Birmingham and Liverpool.
• 1838 – The Iowa Territory is organized.
• 1855 – In Brooklyn, New York, the first edition of Walt Whitman's book of poems, titled Leaves of Grass, is published.
• 1862 – Lewis Carroll tells Alice Liddell a story that would grow into Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequels.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Siege of Vicksburg – Vicksburg, Mississippi surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant after 47 days of siege. 150 miles up the Mississippi River, a Confederate Army is repulsed at the Battle of Helena, Arkansas.
• 1863 – American Civil War: The Army of Northern Virginia withdraws from the battlefield after its loss at the Battle of Gettysburg, signalling an end to the Southern invasion of the North.
• 1865 – Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is published.
• 1878 – Thoroughbred horses Ten Broeck and Mollie McCarty run a match race, immortalized in the song Molly and Tenbrooks.
• 1879 – Anglo-Zulu War: the Zululand capital of Ulundi is captured by British troops and burnt to the ground, thus, ending the war and forcing King Cetshwayo to flee.
• 1881 – In Alabama, the Tuskegee Institute opens.
• 1886 – The people of France offer the Statue of Liberty to the people of the United States.
• 1886 – The first scheduled Canadian transcontinental train arrives in Port Moody, British Columbia.
• 1887 – The founder of Pakistan, Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, joins Sindh-Madrasa-tul-Islam, Karachi.
• 1892 – Western Samoa changes the International Date Line, so that year there were 367 days in this country, with two occurrences of Monday, July 4.
• 1894 – The short-lived Republic of Hawaii is proclaimed by Sanford B. Dole.
• 1903 – Dorothy Levitt is reported as the first woman in the world to compete in a 'motor race'.
• 1910 – African-American boxer Jack Johnson knocks out white boxer Jim Jeffries in a heavyweight boxing match sparking race riots across the United States.
• 1913 – President Woodrow Wilson addresses American Civil War veterans at the Great Reunion of 1913.
• 1914 – The funeral of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie takes place in Vienna, six days after their assassinations in Sarajevo.
• 1918 – Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI ascends to the throne.
• 1918 – Bolsheviks kill Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and his family (Julian calendar date).
• 1927 – First flight of the Lockheed Vega.
• 1934 – Leo Szilard patents the chain-reaction design for the atomic bomb.
• 1939 – Lou Gehrig, recently diagnosed with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, tells a crowd at Yankee Stadium that he considers himself "The luckiest man on the face of the earth" as he announces his retirement from major league baseball.
• 1941 – Nazi troops massacre Polish scientists and writers in the captured Ukrainian city of Lviv.
• 1943 – World War II: Beginning of the Battle of Kursk, the largest full-scale battle in history and the world's largest tank battle at Prokhorovka village.
• 1946 – After 381 years of near-continuous colonial rule by various powers, the Philippines attains full independence from the United States.
• 1947 – The "Indian Independence Bill" is presented before the British House of Commons, proposing the partition of the Provinces of British India into two sovereign countries – India and Pakistan.
• 1950 – The first broadcast by Radio Free Europe.
• 1951 – A court in Czechoslovakia sentences American journalist William N. Oatis to ten years in prison on a charge of espionage.
• 1951 – William Shockley announces the invention of the junction transistor.
• 1960 – Due to the post-Independence Day admission of Hawaii as the 50th U.S. state on August 21, 1959, the 50-star flag of the United States debuts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania almost ten and a half months later (see Flag Act).
• 1966 – President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Freedom of Information Act into United States law. The act goes into effect the next year.
• 1969 – Two teens (one male, one female) are attacked at Blue Rock Springs in California. They are the second (known) victims of the Zodiac Killer. The male survives.
• 1976 – Israeli commandos raid Entebbe airport in Uganda, rescuing all but four of the passengers and crew of an Air France jetliner seized by Palestinian terrorists.
• 1977 – The George Jackson Brigade plants a bomb at the main power substation for the Washington state capitol in Olympia in solidarity with a prison strike at the Walla Walla State Penitentiary Intensive Security Unit
• 1982 – Iranian diplomats kidnapping (1982): four Iranian diplomats are kidnapped by Lebanese militia in Lebanon.
• 1987 – In France, former Gestapo chief Klaus Barbie (aka the "Butcher of Lyon") is convicted of crimes against humanity and is sentenced to life imprisonment.
• 1993 – Sumitomo Chemical's resin plant in Nihama explodes killing one worker and injuring three others.
• 1997 – NASA's Pathfinder space probe lands on the surface of Mars.
• 1998 – Japan launches the Nozomi probe to Mars, and thus joins the United States and Russia as a space exploring nation.
• 2004 – The cornerstone of the Freedom Tower is laid on the site of the World Trade Center in New York City.
• 2005 – The Deep Impact collider hits the comet Tempel 1.
• 2006 – North Korea tests four short-range missiles, one medium-range missile, and a long-range Taepodong-2. The long-range Taepodong-2 reportedly fails in mid-air over the Sea of Japan.
• 2009 – The Statue of Liberty's crown reopens to the public after eight years of closure due to security concerns following the September 11 attacks.
• 2009 – The first of four days of bombings takes place on the southern Philippine island group of Mindanao.
• 2012 – The discovery of particles consistent with the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider is announced at CERN.

Births

• 68 – Salonina Matidia, Roman daughter of Ulpia Marciana (d. 119)
• 1330 – Ashikaga Yoshiakira, Japanese shogun (d. 1367)
• 1546 – Murad III, Ottoman sultan (d. 1595)
• 1694 – Louis-Claude Daquin, French composer (d. 1772)
• 1715 – Christian Fürchtegott Gellert, German poet (d. 1769)
• 1719 – Michel-Jean Sedaine, French dramatist (d. 1797)
• 1790 – George Everest, Welsh surveyor and geographer (d. 1866)
• 1799 – Oscar I of Sweden (d. 1859)
• 1804 – Nathaniel Hawthorne, American writer (d. 1864)
• 1807 – Giuseppe Garibaldi, Italian military and politician (d. 1882)
• 1816 – Hiram Walker, American businessman, founder of Canadian club whiskey (d. 1899)
• 1826 – Stephen Foster, American songwriter (d. 1864)
• 1845 – Thomas John Barnardo, Irish philanthropist and humanitarian (d. 1905)
• 1847 – James Anthony Bailey, American circus ringmaster (d. 1906)
• 1854 – Victor Babeș, Romanian physician and biologist (d. 1926)
• 1854 – Bill Tilghman, American police officer (d. 1924)
• 1867 – Stephen Mather, American entrepreneur and industrialist (d. 1930)
• 1868 – Henrietta Swan Leavitt, American astronomer (d. 1921)
• 1872 – Calvin Coolidge, American politician, 30th President of the United States (d. 1933)
• 1874 – John McPhee, Australian politician, Premier of Tasmania (d. 1952)
• 1881 – Ulysses S. Grant III, American soldier (d. 1968)
• 1882 – Louis B. Mayer, Canadian-American film producer (d. 1957)
• 1883 – Rube Goldberg, American cartoonist (d. 1970)
• 1895 – Irving Caesar, American songwriter and composer (d. 1996)
• 1896 – Mao Dun, Chinese writer (d. 1981)
• 1897 – Alluri Sita Rama Raju, Indian freedom fighter (d. 1924)
• 1898 – Pilar Barbosa, Puerto Rican historian (d. 1997)
• 1898 – Gertrude Lawrence, English actress (d. 1952)
• 1902 – Meyer Lansky, Russian-American gangster (d. 1983)
• 1902 – George Murphy, American actor and politician (d. 1992)
• 1903 – Flor Peeters, Belgian composer, organist, and teacher (d. 1986)
• 1904 – Angela Baddeley, English actress (d. 1976)
• 1905 – Irving Johnson, American sailor and author (d. 1991)
• 1905 – Lionel Trilling, American critic, author, and teacher (d.1975)
• 1907 – Gordon Griffith, American director (d. 1958)
• 1907 – Howard Taubman, American critic (d. 1996)
• 1910 – Gloria Stuart, American actress (d. 2010)
• 1911 – Mitch Miller, American singer, musician, and producer (d. 2010)
• 1912 – Viviane Romance, French actress (d. 1991)
• 1916 – Iva Toguri D'Aquino, American-Japanese typist and broadcaster (d. 2006)
• 1917 – Manolete, Spanish bullfighter (d. 1947)
• 1918 – Ann Landers, American columnist (d. 2002)
• 1918 – Johnnie Parsons, American race car driver (d. 1984)
• 1918 – Pauline Phillips, American columnist and radio host, created Dear Abby
• 1918 – Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, Tongan king (d. 2006)
• 1920 – Norm Drucker, American basketball referee
• 1920 – Leona Helmsley, American businesswoman (d. 2007)
• 1920 – Fritz Wilde, German footballer (d. 1977)
• 1921 – Gérard Debreu, French economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
• 1921 – Philip Rose, American Broadway producer (d. 2011)
• 1921 – Tibor Varga, Hungarian violinist and conductor (d. 2003)
• 1923 – Rudolf Friedrich, Swiss politician and lawyer
• 1924 – Eva Marie Saint, American actress
• 1926 – Alfredo Di Stéfano, Argentine-Spanish footballer
• 1927 – Gina Lollobrigida, Italian actress
• 1927 – Neil Simon, American playwright
• 1928 – Giampiero Boniperti, Italian footballer
• 1928 – Chuck Tanner, American baseball player (d. 2011)
• 1929 – Peter Angelos, American businessman and politician
• 1929 – Al Davis, American football executive (d. 2011)
• 1929 – Bill Tuttle, American baseball player (d. 1998)
• 1930 – Mher Mkrtchyan, Armenian actor (d. 1993)
• 1930 – George Steinbrenner, American businessman (d. 2010)
• 1930 – Yuri Tyukalov, Russian rower
• 1931 – Stephen Boyd, Irish actor (d. 1977)
• 1931 – Sébastien Japrisot, French author, director, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
• 1932 – Aurèle Vandendriessche, Belgian runner
• 1934 – Peter Behn, American voice actor
• 1934 – Yvonne B. Miller, American politician (d. 2012)
• 1934 – Colin Welland, English actor
• 1935 – Paul Scoon, Grenadian politician
• 1936 – Zdzisława Donat, Polish soprano
• 1937 – Thomas Nagel, American philosopher
• 1937 – Queen Sonja of Norway
• 1938 – Bill Withers, American singer-songwriter and musician
• 1938 – Sergio Oliva, Cuban-American bodybuilder
• 1940 – Karolyn Grimes, American actress
• 1941 – Brian Willson, American lawyer and activist
• 1941 – Sam Farr, American politician
• 1941 – Pavel Sedláček, Czech singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1942 – Hal Lanier, American baseball player
• 1942 – Floyd Little, American football player
• 1942 – Stefan Meller, Polish foreign minister (d. 2008)
• 1942 – Prince Michael of Kent
• 1942 – Peter Rowan, American singer-songwriter, musician, and composer (Earth Opera and Old and in the Way)
• 1943 – Conny Bauer, German trombonist
• 1943 – Emerson Boozer, American football player
• 1943 – Milan Máčala, Czech football coach
• 1943 – Geraldo Rivera, American lawyer, journalist, and author
• 1943 – Alan Wilson, American singer-songwriter and musician (Canned Heat) (d. 1970)
• 1944 – Joe Berardo, Portuguese businessman
• 1944 – Ray Meagher, Australian actor
• 1945 – Bruce French, American actor
• 1945 – Andre Spitzer, Romanian-Israeli fencer and coach (d. 1972)
• 1946 – Tish Howard, American model
• 1946 – Ron Kovic, American activist
• 1946 – Michael Milken, American businessman, financier, and philanthropist
• 1946 – Ed O'Ross, American actor
• 1948 – Ed Armbrister, Bahamian baseball player
• 1948 – René Arnoux, French race car driver
• 1948 – Tommy Körberg, Swedish singer and actor
• 1948 – Jeremy Spencer, English musician (Fleetwood Mac)
• 1948 – Phil Wheatley, English civil servant
• 1950 – Philip Craven, English wheelchair basketball player
• 1950 – David Jensen, Canadian-English disk jockey
• 1950 – Tonio K, American singer-songwriter
• 1951 – Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, American politician, 6th Lieutenant Governor of Maryland
• 1951 – Vladimir Tismăneanu, Romanian-American political scientist
• 1952 – Álvaro Uribe, Colombian politician, 39th President of Colombia
• 1954 – Morganna, American model and dancer
• 1954 – Jim Beattie, American baseball player
• 1955 – John Waite, English singer-songwriter and musician (The Babys and Bad English)
• 1956 – Mark Belling, American radio host
• 1957 – Rein Lang, Estonian politician and diplomat
• 1957 – Chulabhorn Walailak Thai princess
• 1958 – Steve Hartman, American sportscaster
• 1958 – Kirk Pengilly, Australian singer and musician (INXS)
• 1958 – Carl Valentine, English-Canadian footballer
• 1959 – Victoria Abril, Spanish actress
• 1960 – Roland Ratzenberger, Austrian race car driver (d. 1994)
• 1960 – Mark Steel, English columnist and comedian
• 1960 – Sid Vicious, American wrestler
• 1960 – Barry Windham, American wrestler
• 1961 – Richard Garriott, English video game designer
• 1962 – Neil Morrissey, English actor
• 1962 – Pam Shriver, American tennis player
• 1963 – Henri Leconte, French tennis player
• 1963 – Laureano Márquez, Venezuelan humorist and politologist
• 1963 – José Oquendo, Puerto Rican baseball player
• 1963 – William Ramallo, Bolivian footballer
• 1963 – Michael Sweet, American singer-songwriter, musician, and producer (Stryper and Boston)
• 1964 – Cle Kooiman, American soccer player
• 1964 – Elie Saab, Lebanese fashion designer
• 1964 – Mark Slaughter, American singer-songwriter, musician, and producer (Slaughter and Vinnie Vincent Invasion)
• 1964 – Mark Whiting, American director, writer, and actor
• 1965 – Harvey Grant, American basketball player
• 1965 – Horace Grant, American basketball player
• 1965 – Jo Whiley, English radio host
• 1966 – Minas Hantzidis, Greek footballer
• 1966 – Lee Reherman, American actor
• 1967 – Vinny Castilla, Mexican baseball player
• 1967 – Andy Walker, Canadian journalist
• 1967 – Rick Wilkins, American baseball player
• 1968 – Ronni Ancona, Scottish actress
• 1968 – Jack Frost, American guitarist (Seven Witches and The Bronx Casket Co.)
• 1969 – Todd Marinovich, American football player
• 1969 – Wilfred Mugeyi, Zimbabwean footballer
• 1970 – Christian Giesler, American bassist (Kreator)
• 1970 – Tony Vidmar, Australian footballer
• 1971 – Koko, American sign language gorilla
• 1971 – Andy Creeggan, Canadian musician (Barenaked Ladies and The Brothers Creeggan)
• 1971 – Brendan Donnelly, American baseball player
• 1971 – Ned Zelić, Australian footballer
• 1972 – Nina Badrić, Croatian singer-songwriter
• 1972 – Stephen Giles, Canadian canoer
• 1972 – William Goldsmith, American drummer (Sunny Day Real Estate, Foo Fighters, and The Fire Theft)
• 1972 – Mike Knuble, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1972 – Vladimir Kozlov, Ukrainian-American wrestler
• 1973 – Gackt, Japanese singer-songwriter, musician, producer, and actor (Malice Mizer and Skin)
• 1973 – Keiko Ihara, Japanese race car driver
• 1973 – Michael Johnson, Jamaican footballer
• 1973 – Jan Magnussen, Danish race car driver
• 1973 – Tony Popovic, Australian footballer
• 1973 – Elton Williams, Montserratian footballer
• 1974 – La'Roi Glover, American football player
• 1974 – Adrian Griffin, American basketball player
• 1974 – Vince Spadea, American tennis player
• 1975 – Tania Davis, English-Australian violist (Bond)
• 1976 – Daijiro Kato, Japanese motorcycle racer (d. 2003)
• 1976 – Yevgeniya Medvedeva, Russian skier
• 1976 – Reggie Rolle, American actor
• 1977 – Orri Páll Dýrason, Icelandic musician (Sigur Rós)
• 1977 – Jonas Kjellgren, Swedish singer, musician, and producer (Scar Symmetry, Centinex, Raubtier, and Carnal Forge)
• 1977 – Zoe Naylor, Australian actress, journalist, and producer
• 1978 – Andrea Gabriel, American actress
• 1978 – Vicky Kaya, Greek model and actress
• 1978 – Stephen McNally, English singer-songwriter (BBMak)
• 1978 – Emile Mpenza, Belgian footballer
• 1978 – Becki Newton, American actress
• 1978 – Katia Zygouli, Greek model and actress
• 1979 – Kevin Thoms, American actor
• 1979 – Mark Twitchell, Canadian murderer
• 1979 – Renny Vega, Venezuelan footballer
• 1980 – Max Elliott Slade, American actor
• 1980 – Kwame Steede, Bermudan footballer
• 1981 – Francisco Cruceta, Dominican baseball player
• 1981 – Adérito Waldemar Alves Carvalho, Angolan footballer
• 1981 – Tahar Rahim, French actor
• 1981 – Will Smith, American football player
• 1982 – Hannah Harper, English porn actress and director
• 1982 – The Situation, American model and author
• 1983 – Melanie Fiona, Canadian singer
• 1983 – Isabeli Fontana, Brazilian model
• 1983 – Ben Jorgensen, American singer-songwriter and musician (Armor for Sleep)
• 1983 – Andrew Mrotek, American singer and drummer (The Academy Is...)
• 1983 – Miguel Ángel Muñoz, Spanish actor and singer
• 1983 – Miguel Pinto, Chilean footballer
• 1983 – Mattia Serafini, Italian footballer
• 1984 – Jin Akanishi, Japanese singer-songwriter and actor (KAT-TUN and Lands)
• 1984 – Gina Glocksen, American singer
• 1984 – Miguel Santos Soares, Timorese footballer
• 1985 – Kane Tenace, Australian footballer
• 1986 – Takahisa Masuda, Japanese singer and actor (NEWS and Tegomass)
• 1986 – Nguyen Ngoc Duy, Vietnamese footballer
• 1986 – Mía Taveras, Dominican model and actress
• 1986 – Fanny Valette, French actress
• 1986 – Holly Wellin, English porn actress and model
• 1987 – Guram Kashia, Georgian footballer
• 1988 – Angelique Boyer, French-Mexican actress, model and singer
• 1989 – Yoon Doo-joon, South Korean singer, dancer, and actor (Beast)
• 1989 – Rodgers Kola, Zambian footballer
• 1989 – Benjamin Büchel, Liechtensteiner footballer
• 1990 – Backer Aloenouvo, Togolese footballer
• 1990 – Kelsi Crain, American model, Miss Louisiana 2010
• 1990 – Rishadi Fauzi, Indonesian footballer
• 1990 – Jake Gardiner, American ice hockey player
• 1990 – David Kross, German actor
• 1990 – Alyssa Miller, American model
• 1990 – Richard Mpong, Ghanaian footballer
• 1990 – Naoki Yamada, Japanese footballer
• 1990 – Ihar Yasinski, Belarusian footballer
• 1992 – Basim, Danish singer-songwriter
• 1992 – Nick Hissom, English model and singer
• 1993 – Thomas Barkhuizen, English footballer

Deaths

• 907 – Luitpold, Margrave of Bavaria
• 943 – Taejo of Goryeo (b. 877)
• 965 – Pope Benedict V
• 973 – Ulrich of Augsburg, German bishop (b. 890)
• 1187 – Raynald of Châtillon, French knight (b. 1125)
• 1541 – Pedro de Alvarado, Spanish explorer (b. 1495)
• 1546 – Hayreddin Barbarossa, Greek-Turkish navy officer (b. 1478)
• 1551 – Gregory Cromwell, 1st Baron Cromwell (b. 1514)
• 1603 – Philippe de Monte, Flemish composer (b. 1521)
• 1623 – William Byrd, English composer (b. 1540)
• 1641 – Pedro Teixeira, Portuguese explorer
• 1642 – Marie de' Medici, French wife of Henry IV of France (b. 1573)
• 1648 – Antoine Daniel, French missionary (b. 1601)
• 1742 – Guido Grandi, Italian mathematician (b. 1671)
• 1754 – Philippe Néricault Destouches, French dramatist and author (b. 1680)
• 1761 – Samuel Richardson, English writer (b. 1689)
• 1780 – Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine (b. 1712)
• 1787 – Charles, Prince of Soubise (b. 1715)
• 1821 – Richard Cosway, English artist (b. 1742)
• 1826 – John Adams, American politician, 2nd President of the United States (b. 1735)
• 1826 – Thomas Jefferson American politician,3rd President of the United States (b. 1743)
• 1831 – James Monroe, American politician, 5th President of the United States (b. 1758)
• 1848 – François-René de Chateaubriand, French writer (b. 1768)
• 1850 – William Kirby, English entomologist (b. 1759)
• 1854 – Karl Friedrich Eichhorn, German jurist (b. 1781)
• 1857 – William L. Marcy, American politician, 21st United States Secretary of State (b. 1786)
• 1881 – Johan Vilhelm Snellman, Finnish philosopher and statesman (b. 1806)
• 1882 – Joseph Brackett, American composer (b. 1797)
• 1891 – Hannibal Hamlin, American politician, 15th Vice President of the United States (b. 1809)
• 1901 – Johannes Schmidt, German linguist (b. 1843)
• 1902 – Swami Vivekananda, Indian monk (b. 1863)
• 1905 – Élisée Reclus, French geographer, writer, and anarchist (b. 1830)
• 1910 – Melville Weston Fuller, American jurist (b. 1833)
• 1910 – Giovanni Schiaparelli, Italian astronomer (b. 1835)
• 1916 – Alan Seeger, American poet (b. 1888)
• 1918 – Nicholas II of Russia (b. 1868)
• 1922 – Lothar von Richthofen, German pilot (b. 1894)
• 1926 – Pier Giorgio Frassati, Italian activist and saint (b. 1901)
• 1931 – Prince Emanuele Filiberto, Duke of Aosta (b. 1869)
• 1931 – Buddie Petit, American cornettist (b. 1895)
• 1934 – Marie Curie, French-Polish physicist and chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and Nobel Prize in Physics (b. 1867)
• 1938 – Otto Bauer, Austrian politician (b. 1881)
• 1938 – Suzanne Lenglen, French tennis player (b. 1899)
• 1941 – Antoni Łomnicki, Polish mathematician (b. 1881)
• 1946 – Gerda Steinhoff, German concentration camp overseer (b. 1922)
• 1948 – Monteiro Lobato, Brazilian writer (b. 1882)
• 1963 – Bernard Freyberg, New Zealander soldier and statesman (b. 1889)
• 1964 – Henry (Hank) Sylvern, American organist (b. 1908)
• 1970 – Barnett Newman, American artist (b. 1905)
• 1970 – Harold Stirling Vanderbilt, American industrialist (b. 1884)
• 1971 – August Derleth, American writer and editor (b. 1909)
• 1971 – Thomas C. Hart, American admiral (b. 1877)
• 1975 – Georgette Heyer, English author (b. 1902)
• 1974 – Haj Amin al-Husseini, Palestinian Muslim nationalist (b. 1895 or 1897)
• 1976 – Yonatan Netanyahu, Israeli soldier and commander (b. 1946)
• 1976 – Antoni Słonimski, Polish poet (b. 1895)
• 1977 – Gersh Budker, Russian physicist (b. 1918)
• 1979 – Lee Wai Tong, Chinese footballer (b. 1905)
• 1980 – Maurice Grevisse, Belgian grammarian (b. 1895)
• 1982 – Terry Higgins, English AIDS victim (b. 1945)
• 1984 – Jimmie Spheeris, American singer-songwriter and musician (b. 1949)
• 1986 – Flor Peeters, Belgian composer and organist (b. 1903)
• 1986 – Oscar Zariski, Russian mathematician (b. 1899)
• 1988 – Adrian Adonis, American wrestler (b. 1954)
• 1989 – Jack Haig, English actor (b. 1913)
• 1991 – Victor Chang, Australian physician (b. 1936)
• 1991 – Art Sansom, American cartoonist (b. 1920)
• 1992 – Ástor Piazzolla, Argentinian composer (b. 1921)
• 1993 – Bona Arsenault, French-Canadian politician and historian (b. 1903)
• 1994 – Joey Marella, American wrestling referee (b. 1964)
• 1994 – Stephen koska, american loser
• 1995 – Eva Gabor, Hungarian actress (b. 1919)
• 1995 – Bob Ross, American painter (b. 1942)
• 1997 – Charles Kuralt, American journalist (b. 1934)
• 1997 – John Zachary Young, English zoologist (b. 1907)
• 1999 – Leo Garel, American cartoonist (b. 1917)
• 2000 – Gustaw Herling-Grudziński, Polish writer (b. 1919)
• 2001 – Keenan Milton, American skateboarder (b. 1974)
• 2002 – Benjamin O. Davis Jr., American Air Force general (b. 1912)
• 2002 – Mansoor Hekmat, Iranian politician (b. 1951)
• 2002 – Winnifred Quick, American RMS Titanic survivor (b. 1904)
• 2003 – André Claveau, French singer (b. 1915)
• 2003 – Barry White, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (b. 1944)
• 2003 – Larry Burkett, American author and radio host (b. 1939)
• 2004 – Jean-Marie Auberson, Swiss conductor (b. 1920)
• 2004 – Frank Robinson (Xylophone Man), English street entertainer (b. 1932)
• 2005 – Hank Stram, American football coach (b. 1923)
• 2007 – Barış Akarsu, Turkish singer, guitarist, and actor (b. 1979)
• 2007 – Bill Pinkney, American singer (The Drifters) (b. 1925)
• 2008 – Jesse Helms, American politician (b. 1921)
• 2008 – Evelyn Keyes, American actress (b. 1916)
• 2008 – Terrence Kiel, American football player (b. 1980)
• 2008 – Charles Wheeler, English journalist (b. 1923)
• 2009 – Brenda Joyce, American actress (b. 1917)
• 2009 – Allen Klein, American businessman and talent agent (b. 1931)
• 2009 – Drake Levin, American guitarist (Paul Revere & the Raiders) (b. 1946)
• 2009 – Steve McNair, American football player (b. 1973)
• 2009 – Lasse Strömstedt, Swedish writer (b. 1935)
• 2009 – Jean-Baptiste Tati Loutard, Congolese politician (b. 1938)
• 2009 – Jim Chapin, American drummer (b. 1919)
• 2010 – Mohammad Hussein Fadlallah, Iraqi-Lebanese Shiite Muslim cleric and Hezbollah mentor (b. 1935)
• 2011 – Otto von Habsburg, Austrian-Hungarian prince (b. 1912)
• 2012 – Scamper, American rodeo horse (b. 1977)
• 2012 – Peter Bennett, Australian footballer (b. 1926)
• 2012 – Hiren Bhattacharyya, Indian poet (b. 1932)
• 2012 – Jimmy Bivins, American boxer (b. 1919)
• 2012 – Vinzenz Guggenberger, German bishop (b. 1929)
• 2012 – Jeong Min-Hyeong, South Korean footballer (b. 1987)
• 2012 – Eric Sykes, English actor, writer, and director (b. 1923)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Andrew of Crete
  • Bertha of Artois
  • Bl Catherine Jarrige
  • Elizabeth of Portugal, patron saint of Coimbra (city holiday), known there as Rainha Santa Isabela.
  • Oda of Canterbury
  • Bl Pier Giorgio Frassati
  • Ulrich of Augsburg
  • July 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Republic Day (Philippines)
• Independence Day, celebrates the Declaration of Independence of the United States from Great Britain in 1776. (United States and its dependencies)
• Liberation Day (Rwanda)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

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