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=== Arrest ===
=== Arrest ===
Peruvian officials named Van der Sloot as the lone suspect in the homicide investigation.<ref name=CNN-Lima-headquarters /> [[Interpol]] issued an international [[arrest warrant]] for Van der Sloot, believing that he had fled the country to [[Chile]] and was traveling to [[Argentina]].<ref name=BBC>{{cite news|publisher=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/us_and_canada/10222012.stm|title=Police seek Dutchman Van der Sloot over Peru killing|date=2010-06-03}}</ref> Van der Sloot was sighted entering [[Chile]] via the Chacalluta border crossing, north of [[Arica]], on May 31, 2010.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Radio Cooperativa]]|url=http://www.cooperativa.cl/pdi-confirmo-que-holandes-acusado-de-asesinato-en-peru-ingreso-a-chile/prontus_nots/2010-06-02/222841.html |title=PDI confirmó que holandés acusado de asesinato en Perú ingresó a Chile |date=2010-06-02}}</ref><ref name=Merinews-arica>{{cite news|publisher=[[Reuters]]|url=http://www.merinews.com/article/joran-van-der-sloot-peruvian-woman-murder-suspect-spotted-in-arica/15820639.shtml|title=Joran van der Sloot, Peruvian woman murder suspect spotted in Arica|date=2010-06-03}}</ref> His ex-girlfriend Melody Granadillo said that Van der Sloot sent her a [[text messaging|text message]] asking for money to buy a ticket back to Aruba.<ref name=ABC-20100618-mom>{{cite news|publisher=[[ABC News]]|url=http://abcnews.go.com/TheLaw/article/story?id=10935217|title=Exclusive: Joran van der Sloot's Mom: 'He Is Not a Murderer'|date=2010-06-18}}</ref> The father of Stephany Flores said that DNA evidence from under Stephany's fingernails would be gathered after her body was exhumed.<ref> http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/2010/06/05/2010-06-05_stephany_flores_fought_her_attacker_dad_says_joran_van_der_sloot_in_custody_in_p.html </ref>
Peruvian officials named Van der Sloot as the lone suspect in the homicide investigation.<ref name=CNN-Lima-headquarters /> [[Interpol]] issued an international [[arrest warrant]] for Van der Sloot, believing that he had fled the country to [[Chile]] and was traveling to [[Argentina]].<ref name=BBC>{{cite news|publisher=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/us_and_canada/10222012.stm|title=Police seek Dutchman Van der Sloot over Peru killing|date=2010-06-03}}</ref> Van der Sloot was sighted entering [[Chile]] via the Chacalluta border crossing, north of [[Arica]], on May 31, 2010.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Radio Cooperativa]]|url=http://www.cooperativa.cl/pdi-confirmo-que-holandes-acusado-de-asesinato-en-peru-ingreso-a-chile/prontus_nots/2010-06-02/222841.html |title=PDI confirmó que holandés acusado de asesinato en Perú ingresó a Chile |date=2010-06-02}}</ref><ref name=Merinews-arica>{{cite news|publisher=[[Reuters]]|url=http://www.merinews.com/article/joran-van-der-sloot-peruvian-woman-murder-suspect-spotted-in-arica/15820639.shtml|title=Joran van der Sloot, Peruvian woman murder suspect spotted in Arica|date=2010-06-03}}</ref> His ex-girlfriend Melody Granadillo said that Van der Sloot sent her a [[text messaging|text message]] asking for money to buy a ticket back to Aruba.<ref name=ABC-20100618-mom>{{cite news|publisher=[[ABC News]]|url=http://abcnews.go.com/TheLaw/article/story?id=10935217|title=Exclusive: Joran van der Sloot's Mom: 'He Is Not a Murderer'|date=2010-06-18}}</ref> In initial reports Stephany Flores' father said that DNA evidence from under Stephany's fingernails would convict Joran van der Sloot. <ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TRnlh2IsdfA </ref> On June 4, Mr. Flores said that Stephany's body would have to be exhumed to gather this evidence, and that it was for this purpose that her body had not been cremated. <ref> http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/2010/06/05/2010-06-05_stephany_flores_fought_her_attacker_dad_says_joran_van_der_sloot_in_custody_in_p.html </ref>


On June 3, Van der Sloot was arrested near [[Curacaví]] by the [[Investigations Police of Chile]] while traveling in a rented taxi on Highway 68 between the coastal city of [[Viña del Mar]] and the capital [[Santiago, Chile|Santiago]].<ref name="cooperativacl">{{cite web|url=http://www.cooperativa.cl/pdi-informo-que-se-firmo-decreto-de-expulsion-de-holandes-requerido-en-peru/prontus_nots/2010-06-03/221945.html |title=PDI informó que se firmó decreto de expulsión de holandés requerido en Perú |publisher=[[Radio Cooperativa]] |date=2010-06-03}}</ref><ref name=Reuters-arrest>{{cite news|publisher=[[Reuters]]|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE65244G20100603|title=Chile nabs Dutch man linked to Aruba mystery|date=2010-06-03}}</ref> He was found with a laptop, foreign currency, a business card case, detailed charts of ocean currents around Lima, and bloody clothes.<ref name=USA-Today-20100609-coffee>{{cite news|publisher=[[USA Today]]|url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/ondeadline/post/2010/06/van-der-sloot-peru-dispose-of-body-in-duffel-bag/1|title=Report: Van der Sloot sipped coffee, weighed disposing of victim's body|date=2010-06-09}}</ref><ref name=CNN-Lima-headquarters /> His phone's [[Subscriber Identity Module|SIM card]] was missing, which made [[mobile phone tracking]] of his location impossible.<ref name=CBS-20100702-phone>{{cite news|publisher=[[CBS News]]|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504083_162-20009554-504083.html|title=Van der Sloot Cops Say He Ditched Cell Phone's SIM Card on the Run|accessdate=2010-07-04|date=2010-07-02}}</ref> He told Chilean police that unidentified armed robbers hid in the hotel room and killed Flores Ramírez when she disobeyed their order to be quiet.<ref name=AP-20100613-thief>{{cite news|publisher=[[Associated Press]]|url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5ivjZZz2WTj-nJ_lNzCNyFmuADWDwD9GAG7Q80|title=Van der Sloot told Chile police thief killed woman|author=Franklin Briceno|date=2010-06-13}}</ref> Van der Sloot's Dutch attorney claimed that his client was on his way to Santiago to turn himself in.<ref name=CBS-turn-self-in>{{cite news|publisher=[[CBS News]]|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2010/06/07/earlyshow/main6556483.shtml|title=Van der Sloot Was to Turn Self In, Lawyer Claims|date=2010-06-07}}</ref> He was subsequently transported by Chilean police in a [[Cessna 310]] back to Arica and handed over to Peruvian authorities at the Chacalluta border crossing on June 4.<ref name=AP-in-peru /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tercera.com/contenido/680_265299_9.shtml |title=Holandés vinculado a crimen de joven fue entregado a autoridades peruanas &#124; NACIONAL &#124; latercera.com |publisher=[[La Tercera]]|date=2010-06-04}}</ref> Van der Sloot arrived at Lima police headquarters on June 5, where he was interrogated about the death while represented by attorney Luz Maria Romero Chinchay.<ref name=CNN-20100719-former>{{cite news|publisher=[[CNN]]|url=http://www.cnn.com/2010/CRIME/07/19/peru.van.der.sloot.attorney/index.html|title=Van der Sloot's former attorney rejects lawsuit claims|accessdate=2010-07-20|date=2010-07-19}}</ref> The Dutch [[embassy]] provided a translator for his defense.<ref name=CBS-20100611-charged>{{cite news|publisher=[[CBS News]]|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504083_162-20007448-504083.html|title=Joran van der Sloot Charged with Murder of Stephany Flores|date=2010-06-11}}</ref> He was permitted to contact his mother and was held in a seventh-floor cell where he was fed the same meals that police officers received while on duty.<ref name=Guardian-lawyer>{{cite news|publisher=[[The Guardian]]|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/9114964|title=Van der Sloot seeks own lawyer in Peru murder case|date=2010-06-07}}</ref> Van der Sloot was placed on [[suicide watch]] by guards after he reportedly deliberately hit his head against a wall.<ref name=LivinginPeru-autopsy>{{cite news|publisher=[[LivinginPeru]]|url=http://www.livinginperu.com/news/12390|title=Alcohol and sexual motive ruled out in Peru Van der Sloot case|date=2010-06-07}}</ref><ref name=UPI-suicide>{{cite news|publisher=[[United Press International]]|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/International/2010/06/07/Jail-security-tightens-for-van-der-Sloot/UPI-22541275915241/|title=Jail security tightens for Van der Sloot|date=2010-06-07}}</ref> On June 10, he was moved to a cell at the prosecutor's office in central Lima.<ref name=FWST-20100610-moved>{{cite news|publisher=[[Fort Worth Star-Telegram]]|url=http://www.star-telegram.com/2010/06/10/2256099/van-der-sloot-is-moved-after-confessing.html|title=Van der Sloot is moved after confessing to slaying, officials say|date=2010-06-10}}</ref>
On June 3, Van der Sloot was arrested near [[Curacaví]] by the [[Investigations Police of Chile]] while traveling in a rented taxi on Highway 68 between the coastal city of [[Viña del Mar]] and the capital [[Santiago, Chile|Santiago]].<ref name="cooperativacl">{{cite web|url=http://www.cooperativa.cl/pdi-informo-que-se-firmo-decreto-de-expulsion-de-holandes-requerido-en-peru/prontus_nots/2010-06-03/221945.html |title=PDI informó que se firmó decreto de expulsión de holandés requerido en Perú |publisher=[[Radio Cooperativa]] |date=2010-06-03}}</ref><ref name=Reuters-arrest>{{cite news|publisher=[[Reuters]]|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE65244G20100603|title=Chile nabs Dutch man linked to Aruba mystery|date=2010-06-03}}</ref> He was found with a laptop, foreign currency, a business card case, detailed charts of ocean currents around Lima, and bloody clothes.<ref name=USA-Today-20100609-coffee>{{cite news|publisher=[[USA Today]]|url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/ondeadline/post/2010/06/van-der-sloot-peru-dispose-of-body-in-duffel-bag/1|title=Report: Van der Sloot sipped coffee, weighed disposing of victim's body|date=2010-06-09}}</ref><ref name=CNN-Lima-headquarters /> His phone's [[Subscriber Identity Module|SIM card]] was missing, which made [[mobile phone tracking]] of his location impossible.<ref name=CBS-20100702-phone>{{cite news|publisher=[[CBS News]]|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504083_162-20009554-504083.html|title=Van der Sloot Cops Say He Ditched Cell Phone's SIM Card on the Run|accessdate=2010-07-04|date=2010-07-02}}</ref> He told Chilean police that unidentified armed robbers hid in the hotel room and killed Flores Ramírez when she disobeyed their order to be quiet.<ref name=AP-20100613-thief>{{cite news|publisher=[[Associated Press]]|url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5ivjZZz2WTj-nJ_lNzCNyFmuADWDwD9GAG7Q80|title=Van der Sloot told Chile police thief killed woman|author=Franklin Briceno|date=2010-06-13}}</ref> Van der Sloot's Dutch attorney claimed that his client was on his way to Santiago to turn himself in.<ref name=CBS-turn-self-in>{{cite news|publisher=[[CBS News]]|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2010/06/07/earlyshow/main6556483.shtml|title=Van der Sloot Was to Turn Self In, Lawyer Claims|date=2010-06-07}}</ref> He was subsequently transported by Chilean police in a [[Cessna 310]] back to Arica and handed over to Peruvian authorities at the Chacalluta border crossing on June 4.<ref name=AP-in-peru /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tercera.com/contenido/680_265299_9.shtml |title=Holandés vinculado a crimen de joven fue entregado a autoridades peruanas &#124; NACIONAL &#124; latercera.com |publisher=[[La Tercera]]|date=2010-06-04}}</ref> Van der Sloot arrived at Lima police headquarters on June 5, where he was interrogated about the death while represented by attorney Luz Maria Romero Chinchay.<ref name=CNN-20100719-former>{{cite news|publisher=[[CNN]]|url=http://www.cnn.com/2010/CRIME/07/19/peru.van.der.sloot.attorney/index.html|title=Van der Sloot's former attorney rejects lawsuit claims|accessdate=2010-07-20|date=2010-07-19}}</ref> The Dutch [[embassy]] provided a translator for his defense.<ref name=CBS-20100611-charged>{{cite news|publisher=[[CBS News]]|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504083_162-20007448-504083.html|title=Joran van der Sloot Charged with Murder of Stephany Flores|date=2010-06-11}}</ref> He was permitted to contact his mother and was held in a seventh-floor cell where he was fed the same meals that police officers received while on duty.<ref name=Guardian-lawyer>{{cite news|publisher=[[The Guardian]]|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/9114964|title=Van der Sloot seeks own lawyer in Peru murder case|date=2010-06-07}}</ref> Van der Sloot was placed on [[suicide watch]] by guards after he reportedly deliberately hit his head against a wall.<ref name=LivinginPeru-autopsy>{{cite news|publisher=[[LivinginPeru]]|url=http://www.livinginperu.com/news/12390|title=Alcohol and sexual motive ruled out in Peru Van der Sloot case|date=2010-06-07}}</ref><ref name=UPI-suicide>{{cite news|publisher=[[United Press International]]|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/International/2010/06/07/Jail-security-tightens-for-van-der-Sloot/UPI-22541275915241/|title=Jail security tightens for Van der Sloot|date=2010-06-07}}</ref> On June 10, he was moved to a cell at the prosecutor's office in central Lima.<ref name=FWST-20100610-moved>{{cite news|publisher=[[Fort Worth Star-Telegram]]|url=http://www.star-telegram.com/2010/06/10/2256099/van-der-sloot-is-moved-after-confessing.html|title=Van der Sloot is moved after confessing to slaying, officials say|date=2010-06-10}}</ref>

Revision as of 05:14, 26 July 2010

Joran van der Sloot
Aruba Police Department photograph
Born
Joran Andreas Petrus van der Sloot
NationalityDutch
Other namesMurphy Jenkins[4]
Occupation(s)Student,[5] restaurateur, gambler[6]
Criminal statusHeld on charges at Miguel Castro Castro prison[1]
Parent(s)Paul van der Sloot[7]
Anita van der Sloot-Hugen[8]
Criminal chargePeru First-degree murder, robbery[1]
United States Extortion, wire fraud[2]

Joran Andreas Petrus van der Sloot (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈjɔrɑn vɑn dər ˈslot]; born August 6, 1987) is a Dutch national who lived in Aruba.[3] He has been indicted by a federal grand jury in the United States for wire fraud and extortion related to the whereabouts of Natalee Holloway who disappeared in Aruba on May 30, 2005,[9] and is charged in Peru with the first-degree murder and robbery of Stephany Tatiana Flores Ramírez who died in the Peruvian capital Lima on May 30, 2010, exactly five years after Holloway's disappearance.[1] Van der Sloot was apprehended on June 3 in Chile and was deported to Peru the next day.[10] On June 7, he confessed to causing the death of Flores Ramírez and was transferred on June 11 to Miguel Castro Castro maximum security prison in Lima.[1][11] He has since attempted to legally retract his confession, claiming he had been intimidated by the National Police of Peru and framed by the FBI,[12][13] but a Peruvian judge ruled on June 25 that the confession is valid.[14]

Background

Van der Sloot attended Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen in the Netherlands.[3]

Joran van der Sloot was born in Arnhem, Gelderland, Netherlands. He is the eldest of three sons born to Paul van der Sloot, a prominent lawyer, and Anita van der Sloot-Hugen, an art teacher.[7] In 1990, his family moved from Arnhem to Aruba.[8] He was an honor student at the International School of Aruba,[7] where his mother has taught fine art since 1991.[8] He was considered a star soccer and tennis athlete at the school.[6] Van der Sloot competed in doubles tennis with his father at the Moët et Chandon Anniversary Cup in 2005.[7] He hoped to play for Saint Leo University near Tampa, Florida.[15] Van der Sloot's mother said he had a tendency to sneak out of the house at night to go to casinos.[16] According to Natalee Holloway's mother Beth Twitty, he led a privileged life and was frequently out gambling and partying with friends.[15]

In September 2005, Van der Sloot went to the Netherlands to study international business management at Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen.[5][17] In 2008, he moved to Muang Ake, a suburb of Bangkok, Thailand, to study business at Rangsit University, but dropped out and bought Sawadee Cup, a restaurant next to the campus that served sandwiches and pizza.[18]

In August 2009, Van der Sloot was spotted in Macau at the Asia Pacific Poker Tour.[7] He won over $12,000 that year in an online poker tournament.[19] He described himself on his YouTube page as "a professional poker player" and cited the poker strategy guide Ace on the River as his favorite book. In early 2010, Van der Sloot sold his restaurant business and returned to Aruba after the death of his father.[6]

Natalee Holloway disappearance

Carlos'n Charlie's, where Natalee Holloway was last seen with Van der Sloot, in Oranjestad, Aruba.

Van der Sloot (then age 17) and brothers Deepak Kalpoe (then age 21) and Satish Kalpoe (then age 18), were arrested on June 9, 2005, as suspects in the May 30, 2005 disappearance of an 18-year-old American woman, Natalee Holloway. The Kalpoes were released from custody on July 4,[20] but were re-arrested on August 26 on suspicion of rape and murder, while Van der Sloot remained in custody. Van der Sloot and the Kalpoes were released on September 3 because of a lack of evidence.[21] After his release, Van Der Sloot was required to stay within Dutch territory pending the results of the investigation. On September 5, 2005, Van der Sloot returned to the Netherlands to attend college.[22] On September 14, a higher court removed the travel restrictions.[23] Gerold Dompig, former deputy police chief of Aruba, stated that the initial arrests were made prematurely under pressure from Holloway's family. Dompig charged that the family sidetracked the investigation by making it difficult for the police to collect evidence to solve the case.[15]

Media coverage

On September 26, 2005, Van der Sloot said on the American television show A Current Affair that neither he nor the Kalpoe brothers had sex with Natalee, but he admitted that they initially agreed to lie to the authorities. He said that they first told police that Holloway was dropped off alone at her hotel. Van der Sloot later said that he was dropped off with the teen at the beach. He stated that he left Holloway alone at the beach at her request and that he regretted it.[24]

On February 6, 2006, Van der Sloot's parents broke their silence on Good Morning America, saying that their son was unfairly singled out and that the investigation left them devastated.[25]

On February 16, 2006, while Van der Sloot and his father were in New York City for an interview with ABC Primetime, they were served with a lawsuit filed by Natalee's parents, Beth Twitty and Dave Holloway, alleging personal injury by Joran van der Sloot against Holloway and alleging that the father created a permissive environment.[26] However, the case was dismissed on jurisdictional grounds on August 3, 2006.[27]

In April 2007, De Zaak Natalee Holloway (The Case of Natalee Holloway), a Dutch-language book by Van der Sloot and reporter Zvezdana Vukojevic, was published in the Netherlands. Van der Sloot stated in the introduction, "I see this book as my opportunity to be open and honest about everything that happened, for anyone who wants to read it."[28]

On April 19, 2009, Van der Sloot was portrayed by actor Jacques Strydom in the Lifetime television film Natalee Holloway,[29] which was based on the book Loving Natalee: A Mother's Testament of Hope and Faith by Beth Twitty. The movie brought in the highest television ratings in Lifetime's 11-year history.[30]

2007 search and arrest

Dutch Marines search for Holloway near Aruba's California Lighthouse.

On April 27, 2007, a new search involving some twenty investigators was launched at the parental home of Joran van der Sloot on Aruba.[31] Dutch authorities searched the yard and surrounding area, using shovels and thin metal rods to penetrate the dirt. A spokesman for the prosecutor's office, Vivian van der Biezen stated "The investigation has never stopped and the Dutch authorities are completely reviewing the case for new indications". A statement released directly from the prosecutor's office stated: "The team has indications that justify a more thorough search."[32] Investigators did not comment on what prompted the new search, except that it was not related to Van der Sloot's book.[33]

On November 21, 2007, Van der Sloot was re-arrested in Arnhem, Netherlands, simultaneously with the Kalpoe brothers in Aruba for "suspicion of involvement in voluntary manslaughter and causing serious bodily harm that resulted in the death of Natalee Holloway" because of what the Aruba prosecutor's office stated was "new incriminating evidence" related to the disappearance of Holloway. Van der Sloot was returned to Aruba on November 23, and a court hearing on November 26 ruled to continue his detention for eight days.[34] The Kalpoe brothers were released on December 1. Van der Sloot was ordered released on December 7, and he was released without charge the same day.[35]

2008 Dutch television sting operations

On January 11, 2008, after being challenged on the Dutch late-night talk show Pauw & Witteman by crime reporter Peter R. de Vries, Van der Sloot threw a glass of red wine into De Vries' face.[36]

On February 3, 2008, an undercover video made by De Vries aired on Dutch television purporting to show Van der Sloot smoking marijuana and admitting to being present during Holloway's death. The show was watched by 7 million viewers in the Netherlands and was the most popular non-sports program in Dutch television history.[37] Patrick van der Eem, working undercover for De Vries, had befriended Van der Sloot, who was unaware that he was being taped when he said that Holloway had suffered some kind of seizure while having sex on the beach. After failing to revive her, he said that he summoned a friend named Daury, who loaded her on a boat and dumped her body into the sea.[38] The prosecutor in Aruba determined the video was admissible,[39] but the evidence was deemed insufficient to warrant re-arrest. Although the taped confession appeared damning, Van der Sloot argued that he was lying to impress Van der Eem, whom he believed was a drug dealer.[40] On September 22, 2008, in New York, De Vries accepted an International Emmy Award in Current Affairs for his coverage while accompanied by Natalee's mother, Beth Twitty.[41]

In November 2008, De Vries aired undercover footage of Van der Sloot making preparations for the apparent sex trafficking of Thai women in Bangkok. De Vries claimed that Van der Sloot was making $13,000 for every woman sold into prostitution in the Netherlands.[42] Van der Sloot used the alias of "Murphy Jenkins" to avoid Thai authorities.[4] Peruvian Minister of Justice Aurelio Pastor said that Thailand is pursuing criminal charges against Van der Sloot. According to The National Enquirer, he is being investigated for his involvement in the disappearance of young women he may have recruited for a Thai sex slave gang while posing as a production consultant for a modeling agency that would send them to Europe.[43]

Father's involvement in the case

Joran's father, Paulus Antonius Petrus Johanna "Paul" van der Sloot (born February 15, 1952; Boxtel, North Brabant, Netherlands),[44] was arrested on June 22, 2005, for questioning in the disappearance of Holloway. Paul was ordered released on June 26 after three days of questioning.[45] According to Aruba's chief prosecutor, one of the Kalpoe brothers told investigators that Paul, who at the time was training to be a judge,[15] advised that without a body, the police would have no case.[46] Beth Twitty pursued Van der Sloot's parents in the ensuing media circus on Aruba. She said that Paul acknowledged that they could not control their son and had sent him to a psychiatrist.[15]

On November 10, 2005, Paul van der Sloot won an unjust detention action against the Aruban government, clearing him as a suspect and allowing him to retain his government contract.[23] The elder Van der Sloot then brought a second action, seeking monetary damages for himself and his family because of his false arrest.[47][48] The action was initially successful, but the award of 50,000 Aruban florins (US$27,900) was reversed on appeal.[49] The family's finances were depleted by the legal expenses.[6] In January 2007, Paul found work as a managing partner at the law firm that represented him.[48][44]

On November 24, 2008, On the Record aired an interview with Joran van der Sloot in which he alleged that he sold Holloway into sexual slavery, receiving money both when Holloway was taken, and later on to keep quiet. He also alleged that he paid the Kalpoe brothers for their assistance, and that his father paid off two police officers who had learned that Holloway was taken to Venezuela. Van der Sloot later retracted the statements made in the interview.[50] The show also aired part of an audio recording provided by Van der Sloot, which he alleged is a phone conversation between him and his father, in which the father displays knowledge of his son's purported involvement in human trafficking. According to Mos, the voice heard on the recording is not that of Paul van der Sloot. The Dutch newspaper De Telegraaf reported that the "father's" voice is almost certainly that of Joran van der Sloot himself, trying to speak in a lower tone.[51]

On January 8, 2010, Paul cancelled his partnership at the law firm where he had been working.[44] On February 11, he died of a heart attack at the age of 57 while playing tennis in Aruba.[52] Joran returned to Aruba soon afterward and turned to gambling.[6] His mother Anita said that Joran had severe mental problems and blamed himself for his father's death. He left before she could have him psychiatrically committed, leaving a note: "I'm gone, do not worry."[53]

2010 charges in the United States

Around March 29, 2010, Van der Sloot allegedly contacted John Q. Kelly, legal representative of Holloway's mother Beth Twitty, with an offer to reveal the location of her daughter's body and the circumstances surrounding her death for an advance of US$25,000 against a total of $250,000.[54] Kelly said that he secretly went to Aruba in April to meet with Van der Sloot, who was desperate for money, and gave him $100. Kelly notified the Federal Bureau of Investigation to set up a sting operation with the Aruban authorities.[55][56] On May 10, Van der Sloot allegedly accepted the amount of $15,000 by wire transfer to his account in the Netherlands, following a cash payment of $10,000 that was videotaped by undercover investigators in Aruba.[57][58] In exchange, Van der Sloot told Kelly that his father buried Holloway's remains in the foundation of a house. Authorities determined that the information that he in return provided was false, because the house had not yet been built at the time of Holloway's disappearance.[59] Van der Sloot later e-mailed Kelly that he lied about the house.[55] Twitty was shocked that the FBI did not promptly file extortion charges against Van der Sloot, allowing him to leave freely with the money to Bogotá, Colombia, on his way to Lima, Peru.[60][59] The FBI and the office of the U.S. Attorney contended that the case had not yet been sufficently developed.[56]

On June 3, 2010, the U.S. District Court of Northern Alabama charged Van der Sloot with extortion and wire fraud. U.S. Attorney Joyce Vance issued an arrest warrant through Interpol to have Van der Sloot prosecuted in the United States.[2] On June 4, at the request of the U.S. Justice Department, authorities raided and confiscated items from two homes in the Netherlands, one of them belonging to reporter Jaap Amesz who had previously interviewed Van der Sloot and claimed knowledge of his criminal activities.[61] Aruban investigators used information gathered from the extortion case to launch a new search at a beach, but no new evidence was found.[62] The Solicitor General said they would not seek Van der Sloot's extradition to Aruba.[63]

On June 30, 2010, a federal grand jury formally indicted Van der Sloot of the two charges. The indictment filed with the U.S. District Court seeks the forfeiture of the $25,100 that had been paid to Van der Sloot.[9]

Death of Stephany Tatiana Flores Ramírez

On May 30, 2010, the fifth anniversary of Holloway's disappearance, Stephany Tatiana Flores Ramírez, 21, died at the Hotel TAC, S.A.C. in the Miraflores District of Lima, Peru.[64] On June 2, her beaten body was found by a hotel receptionist Adeli Esmeralda Abad Marchena in room 309,[65][66] which had been registered in Van der Sloot's name.[67] He had departed from the hotel without returning the room key and left the television running.[68] A tennis racquet, identified by the coroner as a possible homicide weapon, was recovered from the room.[60] A hotel guest and an employee came forward to say they saw Van der Sloot and the victim entering the hotel room together, and the police obtained video of the two playing cards at the same table the night before at the Atlantic City Casino in Lima.[69][67] Van der Sloot had entered Peru via Colombia on May 14, 2010 to attend the Latin American Poker Tour.[70][71]

Flores Ramírez was a business student at the University of Lima.[72] She was the daughter of Ricardo Flores, a former president of the Peruvian Automobile Club and winner of the "Caminos del Inca" rally in 1991. A prominent businessman and entertainment organizer, he ran for vice president in 2001 and for president five years later on fringe tickets.[73] Flores said that police found date rape drugs in his daughter's car, parked about 50 blocks from the hotel where she died.[74] Her jewelry, money, ID and credit cards were missing; about US$1000 was provided by her father to purchase a laptop and over $10,000 had been won earlier at the casino.[75][76][62] Stephany reportedly kept this money in her car, but a police search found no money in it.[77]

After the family of Flores Ramírez reported her missing, police retrieved the hotel surveillance tape and obtained Van der Sloot's name and national identification number. Her brother's wife discovered Van der Sloot's background in a Google search about an hour before her body was found.[78]

Arrest

Peruvian officials named Van der Sloot as the lone suspect in the homicide investigation.[67] Interpol issued an international arrest warrant for Van der Sloot, believing that he had fled the country to Chile and was traveling to Argentina.[79] Van der Sloot was sighted entering Chile via the Chacalluta border crossing, north of Arica, on May 31, 2010.[80][81] His ex-girlfriend Melody Granadillo said that Van der Sloot sent her a text message asking for money to buy a ticket back to Aruba.[82] In initial reports Stephany Flores' father said that DNA evidence from under Stephany's fingernails would convict Joran van der Sloot. [83] On June 4, Mr. Flores said that Stephany's body would have to be exhumed to gather this evidence, and that it was for this purpose that her body had not been cremated. [84]

On June 3, Van der Sloot was arrested near Curacaví by the Investigations Police of Chile while traveling in a rented taxi on Highway 68 between the coastal city of Viña del Mar and the capital Santiago.[85][86] He was found with a laptop, foreign currency, a business card case, detailed charts of ocean currents around Lima, and bloody clothes.[87][67] His phone's SIM card was missing, which made mobile phone tracking of his location impossible.[88] He told Chilean police that unidentified armed robbers hid in the hotel room and killed Flores Ramírez when she disobeyed their order to be quiet.[89] Van der Sloot's Dutch attorney claimed that his client was on his way to Santiago to turn himself in.[90] He was subsequently transported by Chilean police in a Cessna 310 back to Arica and handed over to Peruvian authorities at the Chacalluta border crossing on June 4.[10][91] Van der Sloot arrived at Lima police headquarters on June 5, where he was interrogated about the death while represented by attorney Luz Maria Romero Chinchay.[92] The Dutch embassy provided a translator for his defense.[93] He was permitted to contact his mother and was held in a seventh-floor cell where he was fed the same meals that police officers received while on duty.[94] Van der Sloot was placed on suicide watch by guards after he reportedly deliberately hit his head against a wall.[95][96] On June 10, he was moved to a cell at the prosecutor's office in central Lima.[97]

Forensic investigation

Surveillance video from the Atlantic City Casino recorded Flores Ramírez winning US$10,000 at a baccarat table area on May 25, 2010 while accompanied by a male friend who was not Van der Sloot. According to casino spokesperson Luis Laos, she also won $237 playing poker on May 29 and it was common for people to know the identities of big winners. Laos stated that Van der Sloot did not win any money that night. At 3:00 a.m. on May 30, Flores Ramírez was recorded entering the casino alone and walking to a poker table where Van der Sloot was sitting. Van der Sloot had not registered for the Latin American Poker Tour. The deadline to pay the $2,700 entry fee for the June 2 event at the casino was May 30.[98]

Police released hotel security video showing Van der Sloot and Flores Ramírez entering the Hotel TAC together at about 5:00 a.m. on May 30.[99] At about 8:10 a.m., he is shown walking across the street to a supermarket and returning with bread and two cups of coffee.[100] Around 8:45 a.m., he is seen leaving the hotel alone with his bags.[101]

An autopsy ruled that Flores Ramírez had not had sexual intercourse before her death and that she was not under the influence of enough alcohol to prevent her from resisting an attack.[95] She suffered blunt force trauma to her head, causing a brain hemorrhage, cranial fracture, and breaking her neck.[58][66] She also suffered significant injuries to her face and showed signs of asphyxiation, according to court documents.[102] Van der Sloot and Flores Ramirez tested positive for the presence of cocaine and amphetamines.[103][104] The lab report does not indicate whether the victim took the drugs willingly or unknowingly.[105] The stains on Van der Sloot's clothes matched the blood type of Flores Ramírez.[106] Blood was also found on the floor, hallway, and mattress in the hotel room. DNA tests are being conducted on the clothes, skin found under the victim's fingernails,[107] and the previously recovered tennis racquet.[67]

Confession and retraction

On June 7, 2010, Van der Sloot reportedly confessed to killing Flores Ramírez, after hours of interrogation. He initially proclaimed his innocence.[108] According to an expert in Peruvian law, the confession fits a defense strategy of trying to get the charge reduced to manslaughter, which is punishable by 6 to 20 years in prison, while a conviction for murder could result in up to 35 years imprisonment.[109] Peru does not issue life sentences in standard cases of murder and has abolished capital punishment in all but exceptional circumstances, such as crimes committed under military law.[110][111] However, a life sentence can be issued for a murder committed during the commission of a robbery.[112]

On June 8, Peruvian investigators reportedly planned to take Van der Sloot back to the hotel room for a re-enactment of the crime scene as part of standard procedure,[113] but waived it on the basis that his confession was allegedly remarkably complete and corroborated by evidence.[114][97] In the written confession released by Peruvian police, Van der Sloot recounted that he briefly left the hotel to get some coffee and bread, and returned to find Flores Ramírez using his laptop computer without his permission. A police source stated that she may have found information linking him to the disappearance of Holloway. An altercation allegedly began and she attempted to escape.[110] According to the written confession that has been released by Peruvian authorities, Van der Sloot stated, "I did not want to do it. The girl intruded into my private life . . . she didn't have any right. I went to her and I hit her. She was scared, we argued and she tried to escape. I grabbed her by the neck and hit her."[108] Van der Sloot allegedly stated that he was intoxicated with marijuana at the time.[110] A detective linked to the case said that Van der Sloot considered getting rid of the body in a suitcase,[115] but decided against it because he would have been stopped at the front desk.[87] He then reportedly drank espresso and took amphetamines to counter fatigue before fleeing.[116] Van der Sloot has stated that at the time he signed the confession document, he did not understand the content as it was in Spanish, and that he thought if he signed the paper he would be allowed to return to Aruba.

Criminal police chief Cesar Guardia said Van der Sloot "let slip that he knew the place" where Holloway's body is buried.[115] Guardia stated that the interrogation was limited to their case in Peru, which he considered "practically closed," and that questions about Holloway's disappearance were avoided.[97] Guardia said that the motive for the crime was robbery.[62] Van der Sloot allegedly offered a different motive for killing Flores Ramírez, stating that he "feared that she would go to the police." On June 14, Peruvian authorities released written transcripts of Van der Sloot's alleged confession.[117] His mother Anita expressed concern that her son's confession may have been coerced.[113] According to Van der Sloot's former attorney Luz Maria Romero Chinchay, his mother advised him not to make any statements nor sign anything, but it was too late.[92]

Van der Sloot later retracted this confession in a prison cell interview with Dutch newspaper De Telegraaf, claiming that he had been intimidated and "tricked" by police with a promise to be transferred to the Netherlands. He was quoted: "In my blind panic, I signed everything, but didn't even know what it said."[12] Van der Sloot said that he was lured to Peru and framed by another gambler named Elton Garcia, who he claimed was working undercover for the FBI.[13] Van der Sloot's attorney Maximo Alonso Altez Navarro stated his intention to resign because the case "created many problems" for him.[117] He had been threatened and harassed for taking the case, and Van der Sloot's family was unable to afford his legal expenses.[118] However, Altez Navarro stayed on to file a motion to void the confession on the grounds that his client was not properly represented during his interrogation. On June 25, Superior Court Judge Wilder Casique Alvizuri rejected the motion, noting that Van der Sloot was represented by a state-appointed lawyer and provided a translator by the Dutch embassy.[14] Altez Navarro said that Van der Sloot was as "depressed" as anyone in prison would be.[119]

Criminal proceedings

The Palace of Justice in Lima, where Van der Sloot was charged with murder.

On June 11, 2010, Lima Superior Court Judge Juan Buendia ordered Van der Sloot held on charges of first-degree murder and robbery, determining that he acted with "ferocity and great cruelty". Under Peruvian law, Van der Sloot is not eligible to be released on bail,[11] and will be tried by a panel of three judges rather than a jury. A simple majority of the three is required for conviction.[120] Police transported Van der Sloot on the same day from Lima's Palace of Justice in an armored truck while angry onlookers yelled and threw rotten lettuce. He was taken to Miguel Castro Castro maximum security prison and placed in a cell near the prison director's office for his own safety.[1] He is registered as inmate #326390 and separated from the general prison population under 24-hour guard in a high-security cell block where the only other inmate is alleged Colombian hit man Hugo Trujillo Ospina.[117] Van der Sloot reportedly offered to disclose the location of Holloway's body in exchange for transfer to an Aruban prison because of fear for his life in Miguel Castro Castro prison.[115] Peruvian president Alan García Pérez said that Van der Sloot would have to stand trial for the homicide before any extradition request would be considered.[94] He also stated that Van der Sloot will serve his prison sentence in Peru. There is no treaty for the transfer of prisoners between Peru and the Netherlands.[115]

On June 15, Aruban and Peruvian authorities announced that they would cooperate in their respective cases involving Van der Sloot. Aruban investigators expect to be able to interview Van der Sloot in Peru in August, after Peruvian authorities have completed their investigation.[121] At his first formal hearing within the on-site courtroom of Miguel Castro Castro prison on June 21,[120] Van der Sloot refused to discuss the case with Judge Carlos Morales Cordova,[122] claiming that his rights and due process were violated. Van der Sloot filed a complaint with the National Police of Peru,[102] accusing chief detective Miguel Angel Canlla Ore of misconduct.[123] He also claimed that his laptop had been improperly searched.[124] Van der Sloot's defense counsel filed a motion of habeas corpus disputing the legality of his detention and to nullify statements he gave to police,[125] but the motion was declared "unfounded" by Superior Court Judge Wilder Casique Alvizuri on June 25. The judge upheld all three depositions given by Van der Sloot to police and stated that the defendant's laptop was sealed by the court.[124] Defense attorney Altez Navarro vowed to appeal to all the way to the Supreme Court of Peru and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights with a legal strategy to "paralyze the process".[119] The Peruvian court said that this would not hold up the case against Van der Sloot.[125]

Altez Navarro stated that he filed suit against attorney Luz Maria Romero Chinchay, who first represented Van der Sloot during his interrogation, charging her with abuse of authority, conspiracy to commit a crime, and misrepresentation because he did not find her name on the list of public defenders from the Ministry of Justice.[126] Altez Navarro also filed a complaint against Van der Sloot's translator, insisting that he misrepresented himself as an official translator of the Dutch embassy.[127] Romero Chinchay rejected the claims against her, stating that Van der Sloot had selected her as a private attorney after declining another defense attorney appointed by the state. She contradicted his claims that he did not understand what he was signing by stating that she was able to speak with him in perfect Spanish. She said that Van der Sloot was interested in talking about the Holloway case, thinking that it might get him extradited to Aruba. Romero Chinchay also said that when she told Van der Sloot that she noticed he was signing various documents with very different signatures, he signaled for her to be quiet.[92]

Public reaction and media coverage

Public outcry in Peru has been fueled by local media, which labeled Van der Sloot a "monster", "serial killer", and "psychopath". The coverage of this controversy highlighted cases of other women dying at the hands of foreigners.[112] Peruvian and Colombian newspapers published sensationalist articles about the investigation of the disappearance of two young women who frequented casinos during Van der Sloot's stay in at least two Bogota hotels from May 6 to 14, 2010, prior to entering Peru.[128][129] However, the Administrative Department of Security of Colombia do not consider Van der Sloot a suspect as they believe his presence in Bogota was merely in transit to Peru.[130] Dutch daily newspaper Trouw warned that the overwhelming pressure on authorities of Van der Sloot's presumed guilt risked turning the case into a show trial.[131] The Dutch consulate told Peruvian authorities that it was concerned how Van der Sloot was being treated and presented to the media.[75]

Van der Sloot's cell became the target of a media circus, with reporters vying to gain exclusive access and report about his prison surroundings.[132][133] Since his incarceration, he has only given interviews to De Telegraaf, saying that he received a number of marriage proposals in his cell, including one from a woman who wants to have his child.[134] According to sources within the prison, Van der Sloot has sought US$1 million in exchange for an on-camera interview.[135] His mother Anita stated in a Dutch interview that her son could have killed Flores Ramírez and that she will not visit him at the prison.[13] She said in another interview that she hopes to talk to the family of the victim and apologize to them.[135]

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