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International Parliament for Safety and Peace

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The International (States) Parliament for Safety and Peace (IPSP or ISPSP; Italian: Parlamento Mondiale (degli Stati) per la Sicurezza e la Pace), sometimes written along with New Society of Nations, is a private organization based in Italy whose stated intention is the promotion of security and peace.[1][2] Its founder and president was Palermo-native Vittorio Maria Busa (1941–2013), self-styled as Viktor Ivan Busà, who also claimed the titles of metropolitan and archbishop of Białystok, president of the Republic of Danzig and the Democratic Republic of Belarus, and Grand Khan of Tartary and Mongolia.[1][3][4][5][6]

Since the death of Busa in 2013, the organization's original websites were closed and its address moved from Palermo to Rome. For a while, the organization operated under the name World Organization of the States (WOS; Italian: L' Organizzazione Mondiale degli Stati), along with International Parliament for (Cooperation) Safety and Peace (IPSP) or Intergovernment Organization of the States (IGO). The new president is Eugenio Lai. There had been struggles concerning the control of the organization. Eventually, the organization returned to the International Parliament for Safety and Peace name, reserving WOS and IGO as secondary titles.

Interactions with other organizations

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The International Parliament for Safety and Peace claimed recognition under the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations (1961) and the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (1963).[7][8][9] It had an observer in attendance at the 13th meeting of the Technical Preparatory Committee of the Whole of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa in Addis Abeba in 1992.[10]

IPSP issued its own diplomatic passports.[11] The Council of the European Union,[12] the authorities of Portugal and the Isle of Man,[13][14] and various news sources have described these as fantasy documents.[15][16] IPSP joined the United Nations Global Compact campaign in 2010 as a global non-governmental organization with 1400 employees. It was delisted the next year for a "failure to comply with Integrity Measures".[17]

On 23 July 2014, IPSP registered under a new name, World Organization of the States, as a lobby organization in the EU Transparency Register.[18] In 2015, Atef Tarawneh, the Speaker of Jordan's Lower House received representatives of the Parliament for Safety and Peace for a meeting and signed an agreement.[19][20] These IPSP people also met Omran al-Zoubi, then Syrian Minister of Information,[21] and a group of businesspeople in the United Arab Emirates.[22]

Personal associations and trophies

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IPSP claimed association with many dignitaries in senator, deputy, and executive positions in its global, regional or local chapters. Columnist Steve Blow of The Dallas Morning News has referred to such positions as bodacious credentials.[23] Columnist Bernard Levin of The Times wrote in 1994 that one could join the Parliament for just $140.[24] IPSP reportedly awarded titles of nobility[25] and handed out medals for artistic merit and the pursuit of peace. Among the "senators for life" were president of the Gambia Yahya Jammeh,[26][27] African-American entrepreneur Charles Steele, Jr.,[28] and Kochin-Indian vocalist K. J. Yesudas.[29][30] President of Gabon Omar Bongo was a "senator for life"[31] and "Grand Chancellor" of the organization.[32] The President of Equatorial Guinea since 1979, Obiang Nguema, received a "Gold Medal for the Liberties of Peoples" from the IPSP in 2003.[33] Nguema was also listed as the organization's vice-president.[33]

Over the years, the following persons were identified as recipients of an IPSP Peace Trophy: Mikhail Gorbachev (1989), Nelson Mandela and Carlos Menem (1995), Lansana Conte (2002), Teodoro Obiang and Hugo Chavez (2004), and Omar Bongo (2006).[34][31] In 2010 IPSP drew media attention after it secured Kentucky Colonel (2008)[35][36] and Nebraska Admiral (2010)[37][38] awards for Yahya Jammeh.[39][40][41] IPSP representatives gave Jammeh two additional awards and a letter from Barack Obama[41][42][39] that were later described as inauthentic or non-existent.[40][43][44][45] Jammeh further received "Russian" and "German" honorary degrees from members of the IPSP.[41][46]

Accreditation of unrecognized schools

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See also: Accreditation mill, Diploma mill, and List of unrecognized higher education accreditation organizations

Several unaccredited institutions of higher education operating inside and outside the United States state that they are accredited or recognized by the International Parliament for Safety and Peace. The IPSP is not recognized as an accreditor by the United States Department of Education (USDE) or the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA).[25] Without recognition of the "accreditation agency" by USDE and CHEA or an entity in the country where the accreditor is located, such accreditations are "bogus" to the academic community.[47]

The following institutions claimed accreditation or other recognition from IPSP: Alternative Medicines Research Institute,[48] Akamai University,[49] European-American University,[7] Institute of Energy Wellness Studies,[50] International University of Fundamental Studies,[51] Newport University CED,[52][53] Rutherford University,[25][54][55][56] West Coast University,[8][57] Weston Reserve University,[58] World Information Distributed University,[59] and the World Organization of Natural Medicine.[60][9][61]

Several of the IPSP accredited institutions were identified as diploma mills. The Oman government warns that a student who "receives a degree from a fake educational institution, these certificates will be referred to the Public Prosecution for investigation on charges of forgery". IPSP accredited organizations it identifies as fake schools are Akamai University, West Coast University, Weston Reserve University, and World Information Distributed University.[62] Rutherford University was officially identified as a degree mill by the Oregon Office of Degree Authorization.[63]

The late IPSP leader, Viktor Busà, was listed as the recipient of a 2007 PhD degree in political science and a 2008 "Diploma Grand Doctor of Philosophy in International Diplomacy in Defence of Peace", both from the International University of Fundamental Studies,[64][65][66] and was listed as a "Full Professor" for this organization.[67] He was also listed, holding a PhD degree, as a special advisor to Rutherford University México.[68]

References

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  1. ^ a b Bosbeke, André van (1987). Ridders van nu: over occulte genootschappen en ridderordes in de 20ste eeuw [Contemporary knights: on occult societies and chivalric orders in the 20th century] (in Dutch). Berchem, Belgium: EPO. pp. 328–338. ISBN 90-6445-754-9. Retrieved 26 December 2010.
  2. ^ "Sicilian City Life". Best of Sicily. Such eccentricity has spawned a plethora of Sicilian-based "international organisations." Prepared to save the world even as rampant unemployment and organised crime erode the fabric of society at home in Sicily, they bear such grandiose names as the "International Parliament for Safety and Peace" (Palermo) and the "World Federation of Scientists" (Erice).
  3. ^ Eco, Umberto (1994). "How to Become a Knight of Malta". How to Travel With a Salmon & Other Essays. Harcourt. pp. 142–145. ISBN 978-0-15-100136-1. Vittorio Busa, Orthodox Archbishop Metropolitan of Bialystok, Patriarch of the Western and Eastern Diaspora, President of the Republic of Danzig (sic), President of the Democratic Republic Byelorussia, and Grand Khan of Tartary and Mongolia, Viktor Timur II;
  4. ^ "Title unknown". L'Intermédiaire des chercheurs et curieux (in French). Vol. 31. Paris: ICC Publications. March 1981. p. 668. ISSN 0994-4532. Retrieved 18 April 2009. Ce Mgr Boris 1" a également reçu d'un autre prélat italien (SE Mgr Viktor Ivan Busa, archevêque orthodoxe, qui, à divers titres décerne des diplômes du Parlement mondial pour la sûreté et la paix, qu'il dirige, de l'Eglise orthdoxe biélorusse, dont il est dignitaire, de la Republique de Danzig... et en tant que Grand Khan de Tartarie et de Mongolie (sic), lui-même lauréat de nombreuses distinctions de tous genres) les titres de prince d'Antioche et de prince de Thessalonique.
  5. ^ Sainty, Guy Stair (1991). The self-styled Orders of Saint John (Part II) (PDF). p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 March 2012. Retrieved 16 April 2009. 'Monsignor' Vittorio Busa, self-styled 'Orthodox Metropolitan and Archbishop of Bialystok, Orthodox Patriarch of the Occidental and Oriental Diaspora/ Metropolitan Grand Prior of the Pius Union of Christian Churches/ Religious Superior of the Ecumenical Ecclesiastical Community of Saints Andrew Apostle and of Caffa', formed a break-away group.
  6. ^ Pennarola, Rita (13 December 2007). "Dietro il pacchetto – sicurezza, l'Italia dei rambo" [Behind the package – safety, the Italy of rambo]. La Voce delle Voci (in Italian). Archived from the original on 26 September 2010. Retrieved 20 October 2010. Nella home page di Sport Promotion-Ibssa esisteva in quel periodo il richiamo ad un unico link, quello che riportava al Nuovo parlamento mondiale fondato da tal Monsignor Senator Viktor Busà, autoproclamatosi Arcivescovo ortodosso della Chiesa Russa Autocefala e più volte indagato da diverse procure della repubblica.
  7. ^ a b "Accreditation, Legal Status and Recognition of European-American University". European American University. Archived from the original on 3 July 2008. Retrieved 19 April 2009.
  8. ^ a b "Accreditation & Membership". West Coast University. Retrieved 19 April 2009. West Coast University (WCU) Panama has been granted a Parliamentary Decree that bears full validity and recognition with all member governments and nations under international law statutes recognized by the Vienna Convention of 18 April 1961, (1963). WCU has been granted Parliamentary Charter conveying full authority to WCU to grant Certificates, Diplomas, Higher Diplomas, Associate Degrees, Bachelor Degrees, Master and Doctorate degrees as an Autonomous Institution, Internationally Accredited with the International Parliament for Safety and Peace.
  9. ^ a b "ND & DNM: What's the Difference?". Vitality Magazine. Toronto. March 2004. 'I must also inform you that WONMP is accredited [sic] and recognized by International Parliament for Safety and Peace (IPSP), under international law, recognized by the Vienna Convention of 1961 & 1963 (www.internationalparliament.org) Under international Law it is a crime to try to take away the civil liberty of the world people. DNM is a designation awarded to Doctors who meet the critera [sic] to receive it. There are two levels of registration for doctors/physicians of Natural Medicine as per standards established by the World Organization of Natural Medicine Practitioners.'
  10. ^ Kwiatkowska, Barbara, ed. (24 March 1994). International Organizations and the Law of the Sea 1992: Documentary Yearbook. Netherlands Institute for the Law of the Sea. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 231–232. ISBN 0-7923-2614-8. Retrieved 15 April 2009. The thirteenth meeting of the Preparatory Committee of the Whole (TEP-COW), was held at Addis Abeba, Ethiopia, from 13 to 18 April 1992. [...] Observers from the following intergovernmental organizations were present: ..., International Parliament for Safety and Peace (IPSP), ...
  11. ^ Pennarola, Rita (8 January 2008). "Prodi / Massoni? No Problem". La Voce delle Voci (in Italian). Archived from the original on 14 December 2010. Retrieved 27 December 2010. Cosi' vengono a galla anche i passaporti taroccati: "Usano passaporti diplomatici accreditati in tutti i Paesi del mondo.
  12. ^ "Part V: Information concerning known fantasy and camouflage passports (to which a visa may not be affixed)". Visa 381 comix 861 (PDF). Brussels: Council of the European Union. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 August 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2009. A. Fantasy passports: ... International Parliament for Safety and Peace ...
  13. ^ "Fraude documental aumentou 22% em 2006 (Documentary fraud increased 22% in 2006)". Diário de Notícias (in Portuguese). 7 July 2006. Retrieved 27 May 2009. A maior parte das situações fraudulentas são logo detectadas no aeroporto, seguindo para o laboratório pericial do SEF. Encontra-se de tudo, desde contrafacções só visíveis através de raios infravermelhos, até à falsificação em que tudo é diferente do original, da cor do papel ao tipo de letra. Ou passaportes passados pela International Parliament for Safety and Peace, pela World Service Authority e tendo Roma como país, a que os inspectores chama "documentos fantasistas".[permanent dead link‍]
  14. ^ "News Release, PUBLIC WARNING, FALSE IDENTITY DOCUMENTS, Camouflage and Fantasy Passports". Information Centre, Government of the Isle of Man. Archived from the original on 20 July 2009. Retrieved 27 May 2009. Spurious passports have the appearance of a passport, but are issued by organisations with no authority and to which no official recognition has been given. Such passports are therefore not an acceptable statement of either nationality or identity. Spurious passports and other documentation known to the authorities are: ... International Parliament for Safety and Peace ...
  15. ^ Pennarola, Rita (16 February 2009). "Dai Vicoli di Palermo alla Security di Obama" [From the streets of Palermo to the Security of Obama]. La Voce delle Voci (in Italian). Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 29 May 2009.
  16. ^ "Dossier: Hans Stoker" [File: Hans Stoker]. TROS Opgelicht?!. Archived from the original on 8 October 2008. Naast zijn valse titels beweert Hans Stoker ook 'consul honorair' van de Dominicaanse Republiek te zijn. Op zijn Jaguar prijkt een diplomaten bordje. Deze eretitel wordt verstrekt door het schimmige International Parliament for Safety and Peace, een organisatie die door geen enkele ambassade erkent wordt. Stokers bordje en titel stellen dus niets voor. Maar hij weet zo wel veel indruk te maken op vrienden en klanten.
  17. ^ "Participant Information: International Parliament for Safety and Peace". Participants & Stakeholders. United Nations Global Compact. Retrieved 13 October 2011. Participant since 2010/02/01; Delisted on 2011/09/08; Reason for delisting Failure to comply with Integrity Measures; Country Italy; Employees 1400; Organization Type NGO Global
  18. ^ "Transparency Register".
  19. ^ "House Speaker receives Vice President of International Parliament for Safety and Peace". petra.gov.jo. Jordan News Agency (Petra).
  20. ^ "Lower House, International Parliament ink cooperation agreement". petra.gov.jo. Jordan News Agency (Petra). Lower House Speaker Atef Tarawneh and Vice President of the International Parliament for Safety and Peace (IPSP) Alfredo Maiolese on Wednesday signed an agreement to enable the House to cooperate with other parliaments signatory with the IPSP.
  21. ^ "Information minister says placing bets on toppling Syrian government "sheer flight of fancy"". Sana.sy. March 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  22. ^ "UAE to host International Parliament for Safety and Peace headquarters in Middle East". Khaleej Times.
  23. ^ Blow, Steve (15 July 2001). "This one's a hard pill to swallow" (fee required). The Dallas Morning News. p. 29A. Retrieved 14 April 2009. And Mr. Lofgren's promotional brochure has been updated to include some bodacious new credentials: 'INTERNATIONAL PARLIAMENT FOR SAFETY AND PEACE – Senator Member of High Chamber – Diplomatic Counselor – Knighted by Knights of Malta.' Woo-wee!
  24. ^ Levin, Bernard (13 December 1994). "Honour with knobs on". The Times. UK. p. 20. You want to join the International Parliament for Safety and Peace? You can, and you have the word of the Lord Protector of Moldavia, whoever he may be, that the business is above board; surely you will agree that for that it is truly cheap viz., $140?
  25. ^ a b c Ezell, Allen; Bear, John (2005). "Appendix E: Accreditation". Degree Mills: The Billion-dollar Industry That Has Sold Over A Million Fake Diplomas. Prometheus Books. ISBN 978-1-59102-238-1. Here is a list of more than two hundred accrediting agencies that, as of late 2004, are not recognized by either CHEA or the US Department of Education. Inclusion on this list does not mean the accreditor is good or bad, real or fake, but only that it [is] not recognized by either of these two agencies. [...] Parlamento Mondiale per la Sicurazza e la Pace. Accreditor claimed by Senior University, Wyoming. It awards titles of nobility from an address in Palermo, Italy.
  26. ^ "Gambia: An Exemplary Leader" (editorial). The Daily Observer. 21 November 2008. Retrieved 14 April 2009. President Yahya Jammeh, on Wednesday 19 November 2008, received three awards in honor of his innovative approach to maintaining peace in the West Africa sub-region and the world at large. The International Parliament for Safety and Peace (IPSP) awards are presented to individuals who have made outstanding contributions to the human family. The Gambian leader's commitment to peace cannot be overemphasized, because he has always taken a leadership position on issues pertaining to global perspectives.
  27. ^ Jallow, Mathew (26 November 2008). "The things that bother the imagination". The Gambia Echo. Archived from the original (commentary) on 6 January 2009. Retrieved 28 May 2009.
  28. ^ Hornberger, Aimee (21 September 2005). "Civil rights leader to visit Moses Lake for NAACP conference". Columbia Basin Herald. Archived from the original on 1 August 2018. Retrieved 8 February 2010. In October of 2000, Steele was elected as a senate member of the high chamber (U.S. Parliamentary Group) of the International States Parliament for Safety and Peace.
  29. ^ Sri, K.T (18 February 2004). "The power of staying". Chennai Online (Interview). Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 26 December 2010. I am a Senate member in the International Parliament for Safety and Peace, an organization in the U.S.
  30. ^ "Happy Birthday to K.J. Yesudas". iluvcinema.in. Archived from the original on 4 July 2015. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
  31. ^ a b "47th Anniversary of the Independence of Gabon". Novacom Associés. September 2007. Archived from the original on 20 March 2008. Retrieved 26 December 2010.
  32. ^ "THE BIG READ: Omar Bongo, The architect of modern Gabon – Daily Observer". Observer.gm. Archived from the original on 2 October 2011. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
  33. ^ a b Liniger-Goumaz, Max (2005). La Guinée équatoriale opprimée et convoitée [Equatorial Guinea oppressed and coveted] (in French). Éditions L'Harmattan. ISBN 2-7475-9174-3. Pour l'anecdote, on notera que le 5 février 2003, un curieux Parlement mondial pour la Sécurité et la Paix, sis à Palerme, et dont Obiang Nguema est vice-président, a décerné au dictateur oppresseur de la nation équatoguinéenne la la "Médaille d'or de la liberté des peuples".
  34. ^ Lüttich, Holger (2010). The Gambia and Its President on the Road to a Prospering Future. Bangalore: Winterbloom. p. 109. ISBN 978-81-910977-9-5 – via Google Books.
  35. ^ "Gambia: Jammeh 'Award' Coverage Reflects Chill in Press". allAfrica.com. 27 September 2010. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
  36. ^ Tharoor, Ishaan (1 October 2010). "When Was the Gambian President the Admiral of Nebraska?". Time. Retrieved 7 May 2014.
  37. ^ Pa Nderry M'Bai. "Governor's Office Confirms Authenticity of Naval Award". Freedom Newspaper Online (Freedomnewspaper.com). Archived from the original on 8 October 2011. Retrieved 19 October 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  38. ^ Pa Nderry M'Bai. "The Man Behind Jammeh's Nebraska Admiral Award Speaks". Freedom Newspaper Online (Freedomnewspaper.com). Archived from the original on 8 October 2011. Retrieved 19 October 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  39. ^ a b Koroma, Ansu (25 September 2010). "Remove Yaya Jammeh from office". Archived from the original on 24 December 2010. Retrieved 2 March 2011.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  40. ^ a b "Nebraska Navy has 'unsavory despot'". Archived from the original on 30 January 2013. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
  41. ^ a b c "Gambia: President Jammeh Bags Four Awards". 17 September 2010.
  42. ^ "President Jammeh commends US President for awards by (IPSP)". Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  43. ^ "Welcome to Freedom Newspaper Online". Freedomnewspaper.com. Archived from the original on 8 October 2011. Retrieved 19 October 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  44. ^ "afrol News – Gambia Dictator "lied about Obama award"". Afrol.com. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
  45. ^ Sutherland, J.J. (29 September 2010). "Gambian Leader Claims Fictitious Awards". Archived from the original on 8 August 2011. Retrieved 24 June 2017 – via archive.org.
  46. ^ "Gambia: Russian University Awards Doctorate Degree to President Jammeh". allAfrica.com. 5 July 2010. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
  47. ^ Factsheet #6: Important Questions about 'Diploma Mills' and 'Accreditation Mills' (PDF), Washington, D.C.: Council for Higher Education Accreditation, May 2003, archived from the original (PDF) on 31 March 2010, retrieved 16 February 2010
  48. ^ "Operating Authority, Recognitions and Accreditation". Alternative Medicines Research Institute. Archived from the original on 5 December 2008. Retrieved 16 April 2009. In August, 2004 AMRI was granted a Parliamentary Charter by the International Parliament for Safety and Peace, Palermo, Italy. This charter enhances the document of Recognition and Accreditation previously granted by the same body and attests to the international standing of our institution.
  49. ^ "International Recognition". Akamai University. Retrieved 19 April 2009. On 22 October 2002, Akamai University was granted "high patronage" for all of its cultural activities and work of research and studies. On that same date, Dr. Douglass Capogrossi, President, Akamai University, was appointed Minister Delegate, for the State of Hawaii, United States of America.
  50. ^ "IEWS – Special Announcement". Institute of Energy Wellness Studies. Archived from the original on 11 October 2008. Retrieved 10 June 2009.
  51. ^ "Accreditation and University Members". International University of Fundamental Studies. Retrieved 19 April 2009. Accreditation Cert[i]ficate by the International Parli[a]mant for Safety and Peace, Presi[d]en[t]ial Office, Italy
  52. ^ "Accreditation – Newport University CED". newportuniversity.edu.lv. Archived from the original on 3 April 2014.
  53. ^ "Decree of Accreditation and Recognition: Accreditation Certificate". Archived from the original on 29 April 2014. Retrieved 29 April 2014.
  54. ^ Bear, John; Bear, Mariah (1 January 2003). Bears' Guide to Earning Degrees by Distance. Ten Speed Press. p. 215. ISBN 1-58008-431-1. Retrieved 16 April 2009. Claims accreditation from the International States Parliament for Safety and Peace; in the past has claimed accreditation from the Academy for the Promotion of International Culture and Scientific Exchange (APICS), an unrecognized agency.
  55. ^ Steffenhagen, Janet (11 June 2008). "B.C. Blacklists Private University". Vancouver Sun. Canada. ISSN 0832-1299. Archived from the original on 12 June 2012. Retrieved 19 April 2009.
  56. ^ "The Diploma Mafias – with a list of diploma factories worldwide". New Sabah. No. 1069. Iraq. Archived from the original on 19 July 2010. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
  57. ^ "IARC Newsletter February 2008". Iarcedu.com. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
  58. ^ "Operating Authority & Recognition". Weston Reserve University. Archived from the original on 14 May 2008. Retrieved 19 April 2009. Weston Reserve University and the other members school of UCI hold a Parliamentary Charter from the International States Parliament for Safety and Peace, Palermo, Italy. This charter is valid in all countries that recognize the Parliament.
  59. ^ "Accreditation and recognition of the Global Education system (GES)". World Information Distributed University. Archived from the original on 27 February 2009. Retrieved 18 April 2009. The International Parliament of Safety and Peace (IPSP) accredit the IFUS. The IPSP has given the full right to award scientific degrees of the International PhD and Grand PhD officially recognized by all States (more than 155), entering in IPSP-New Association of the Nations (NSN) as the Intergovernmental Organization of States (IOS).
  60. ^ "WONM". WONM. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
  61. ^ "Life Direction Counseling". Alva, Divine Light Spiritual Foundation. Archived from the original on 8 October 2010.
  62. ^ https://eservices.mohe.gov.om/student/externaluniversities/fake-universities.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  63. ^ "Unaccredited colleges". Oregon Office of Degree Authorization. Archived from the original on 5 October 2012. Retrieved 27 December 2010. Rutherford University. Wyoming, British Columbia, Swaziland, South Africa, China. Degree mill. No authority to issue degrees. Formerly labeled Stratford International University.
  64. ^ "Registered Masters and Doctors List in 2007". Postgraduate Honour Holders of IUFS. International University of Fundamental Studies. Retrieved 18 April 2009. Victor Busa (Cyprus), Doctor of Political Science, Diploma DP 070901
  65. ^ Bear, John; Bear, Mariah (1 January 2003). "Degree mills". Bears' Guide to Earning Degrees by Distance. Ten Speed Press. pp. 279–280. ISBN 1-58008-431-1. Retrieved 15 April 2009. An April 12, 2002, article in The Australian referred to Saint Regis as a 'Dominica-based Internet degree mill.' Appears to be associated with University Services (also known as Advanced University, as well as the International University of Fundamental Studies).
  66. ^ "IUFS Honour Holders List in 2008".
  67. ^ "Faculty of British Education".
  68. ^ "Personal Académico" [Academic Staff]. Rutherford University México. Archived from the original on 5 January 2009. Retrieved 18 April 2009. Senator Viktor Busa, PhD Special Advisor
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