Jump to content

Bandung Institute of Technology

Coordinates: 6°53′27″S 107°36′37″E / 6.890903°S 107.610378°E / -6.890903; 107.610378
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Institut Teknologi Bandung)
Bandung Institute of Technology
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Former name
Technische Hoogeschool te Bandoeng (Dutch)
MottoIn Harmonia Progressio (Latin)
Motto in English
Progress in Harmony
TypePublic university
Established3 July 1920 (as Technische Hoogeschool te Bandoeng)
2 March 1959 (as Institut Teknologi Bandung)
RectorProf. Ir. N. R. Reini Djuhraeni Wirahadikusumah, MSCE, Ph.D.
Academic staff
1,207 (as of 2014):[1]
Undergraduate: 19 (1.57%)[1]
Graduate: 300 (24.85%)[1]
Doctorate: 888 (73.57%)[1][needs update]
Students27,436 (as of 2022)[2]
Undergrad : 19,052 (as of 2022)[2]
Master : 6,574 (as of 2022)[2]
Doctoral : 1393 (as of 2022)[2]
Professional : 417 (as of 2022)[2]
Location
Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung
,
Indonesia

6°53′27″S 107°36′37″E / 6.890903°S 107.610378°E / -6.890903; 107.610378
CampusUrban
795,646 m2[1][needs update]
ColorsDeep Cobalt Blue  [3][4]
AffiliationsABET, ASAIHL, AUN, EBA Consortium, ASEA UNINET, Global E3, AOTULE, SEATUC, AACSB
MascotGanesha
Websitewww.itb.ac.id

The Bandung Institute of Technology (Sundanese: ᮄᮔ᮪ᮞ᮪ᮒᮤᮒᮥᮒ᮪ ᮒᮦᮊ᮪ᮔᮧᮜᮧᮌᮤ ᮘᮔ᮪ᮓᮥᮀ, romanized: Institut Téknologi Bandung; Indonesian: Institut Teknologi Bandung, abbreviated as ITB) is a national research university located in Bandung, Indonesia. It has produced many notable leaders in science, engineering, politics, business, academia, and culture. ITB is generally considered one of the most prestigious universities in Indonesia with the nickname "Top 2", along with the University of Indonesia.

History

[edit]
De Technische Hoogeschool te Bandoeng, circa 1924-1932

Bandung Institute of Technology traces its origin to the Technische Hoogeschool te Bandoeng (THB) which was founded during the centuries-old Dutch colonialism of Indonesia. The project was founded by Karel Albert Rudolf Bosscha, a German-Dutch entrepreneur and philanthropist. His proposal was later approved by the colonial government to meet increasing demand of technical know-how in the colony.

The school building was designed in 1918 by a Dutch architect named Henri Maclaine Pont by blending Indonesian vernacular architecture with modern elements.[5] The school first opened its doors on 3 July 1920. By then, it only had one active department, the Faculty of Technical Science and one academic major, The Department of Road and Water Resources Engineering.

During the 1940s, the university rapidly changed hands and experienced various renamings.

During the Japanese occupation in the Second World War and ensuing years, the school was renamed as the Industrial University by the Japanese administration. This name was short-lived as a few years later, the Japanese surrender paved the way for Indonesia's declaration of independence and the campus was renamed as Technical High School by the newly-declared republic.[6]

A year later, the Dutch colonial government would return to re-occupy Indonesia and took re-directorship of the campus. It was renamed again as Emergency University of Dutch East Indies as the Indonesian National Revolution raged across the colony. It was during this time that the campus would begin operating the Faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Science under the University of Indonesia.

On 2 March 1959, the two faculties of University of Indonesia in Bandung was declared a separate academic entity. Bandung Institute of Technology was founded for higher learning in natural sciences, technologies, and fine arts.[7]

In 2020, Reini Djuhraeni Wirahadikusumah was appointed as rector of the university until 2025 replacing Kadarsah Suryadi.[8] She became the first female rector since the inauguration of the institute by President Sukarno in 1959.[8]

Campuses

[edit]

The ITB main campus, along with its other campuses, covers a total area of about 770,000 square metres.[9]

Ganesha Campus

[edit]

The original and main campus in Ganesha has a wide range of facilities. Apart from lecture classes and laboratories, the campus boasts an art gallery, a dedicated sports centre, central library, medical clinic and extracurricular areas.

Jatinangor Campus

[edit]

Due to the increasing number of students, the decision was made to develop another campus elsewhere. The second campus in Jatinangor served as an integral part of the university and is on the same standing as the Ganesha campus. All Freshmen will have their Joint Preparatory Stage (Tahap Persiapan Bersama - TPB) in Jatinangor Campus starting from August 2023.[10] [11]

Cirebon Campus

[edit]

ITB plans to build a brand-new campus in Cirebon so as to anticipate future research and educational endeavors. This will be the university's commitment in further developing human resources of Indonesia.

  • ITB Library in 2007
    ITB Library in 2007
  • The East Hall of Tecnische Hogeschool in Bandung in 1929
    The East Hall of Tecnische Hogeschool in Bandung in 1929
  • ITB
    ITB
  • West Hall of ITB
    West Hall of ITB
  • East Hall of ITB
    East Hall of ITB
  • Tunnel of ITB
    Tunnel of ITB

Rankings and Reputation

[edit]
University rankings
Global – Overall
ARWU World[12]n/a (2022)
QS World[13]281 (2024)
QS Employability[13]301-500 (2022)
THE World[14]120-150 (2023)
Regional – Overall
QS Asia[13]63 (2023)
THE Asia[14]35-40 (2023)

ITB was ranked 281st worldwide in the 2024 QS World University Rankings, and ranked 60th in QS Asian University Rankings 2024.[13] ITB has also been ranked 120–150 worldwide by THE World University Ranking 2023 and 35-40th in the THE Asia University Rankings 2023.

Domestically, the university is ranked 1st by QS World University Rankings and ranked 1st by Times Higher Education.[15][16] ITB is universally and consistently placed among the top three elite universities in the country, having the highest score threshold in Indonesia's national state university entrance test in 2009. Out of the 422,159 candidates who applied, only 2,000 are successfully admitted.[17] To this day, engineering faculties in ITB is nationally accepted as the finest in the country and as such, they are among the toughest to be admitted into.

Apart from STEM-based faculties, the campus also opened a business school called the School of Business and Management (SBM). SBM is considered as the most prestigious and elite business school in Indonesia and regarded as the best business school in Indonesia by eduniversal ranking, global brand magazine and SWA Magazine, the most popular business magazine in Indonesia.[18]

Research

[edit]

According to the rector of ITB, ITB had built an eight-storey mining research centre for both national and international research such as research on oil reservoirs, production optimisation, geological exploitation and coal exploitation development worth Rp110 billion ($12.1 million).[19]

Faculties and programs

[edit]

Consisting of 12 faculties and schools, ITB is not only focused on the fields of STEM but also arts and business management which have been recognized at national and international levels.[20]

Natural Sciences Cluster

[edit]
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMNS)

Indonesian: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (FMIPA)

School of Life Sciences and Technology - Science Program (SLST-S)

Indonesian: Sekolah Ilmu dan Teknologi Hayati - Program Sains (SITH-S)

Pharmacy Cluster

[edit]
School of Pharmacy (SP)

Indonesian: Sekolah Farmasi (SF)

Engineering Cluster

[edit]
School of Life Sciences and Technology - Engineering Program (SLST-E)

Indonesian: Sekolah Ilmu dan Teknologi Hayati - Program Rekayasa (SITH-R)

Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology (FEST)

Indonesian: Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB)

Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering (FMPE)

Indonesian: Fakultas Teknik Pertambangan dan Perminyakan (FTTM)

Faculty of Industrial Technology (FIT)

Indonesian: Fakultas Teknologi Industri (FTI)

School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (SEEI)

Indonesian: Sekolah Teknik Elektro dan Informatika (STEI)

Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (FMAE)

Indonesian: Fakultas Teknik Mesin dan Dirgantara (FTMD)

Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering (FCEE)

Indonesian: Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan (FTSL)

School of Architecture, Planning and Policy Development (SAPPD)

Indonesian: Sekolah Arsitektur, Perancangan, dan Pengembangan Kebijakan (SAPPK)

Social Sciences, Arts, and Humanities Cluster

[edit]
Faculty of Art and Design (FAD)

Indonesian: Fakultas Seni Rupa dan Desain (FSRD)

School of Business and Management (SBM)

Indonesian: Sekolah Bisnis dan Manajemen (SBM)

Student loan

[edit]

In January 2024, ITB was reported encouraging their students to pay tuition using loan.[21] This was revealed after an account on Twitter uploaded a photo of a pamphlet containing information on monthly tuition installments managed by a third party.[21] Head of Public Relations ITB, Naomi Haswanto, confirmed that ITB uses financial institutions to help student pay for their tuition and added that the collaboration was carried out using financial institutions that had permission from the Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (literally Financial Services Authority; OJK).[21] She also added that the collaboration for paying tuition fees via installments has been implemented with the Danacita platform since August 2023 and stated that several other universities have also provided the option of paying via installments.[22] Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology released a statement and asked the rector of ITB, Reini Wirahadikusumah, to search for a good funding scheme solution after the payment of tuition using an online loan platform went viral and as a mission to provide high quality and inclusive education.[23] OJK asked for an explanation from Danacita as a platform that offers payment of tuition fees in online loan installments.[24]

On 29 January, hundreds of students marched from the ITB Ganesha campus to the rectorate building as a form of protest against the policy of paying tuition fees using online loan installments.[25] They protested by carrying a number of posters against campus policies which were considered burdensome with the offer of payment via online installments.[25] A number of students then tried to negotiate to meet the ITB rector but it ended in a commotion because they were unable to get the rector to come out and meet the crowd to discuss the problem.[25] Chairman of the KM ITB Cabinet, Muhammad Yogi Syahputra, asked the campus to remove the option of paying via installments which is said to reach Rp. 12,500,000 (USD 790) and demanded to provide a guarantee so that students who had payment arrears could fill out study plan forms which were limited until 30 January.[25][26] Former Governor of West Java, Ridwan Kamil, said that ITB intentions were good in providing payments using the installment scheme because not all students have the ability to overcome the financial problems they experience.[27] He added that as much as possible, the payment option should not be a burden on students.[27]

Notable people and alumni

[edit]

ITB has produced more than 120,000 alumni who play a significant role in nation-building, among others are:[28]

List of Rectors

[edit]
  • Prof. Ir. Jan Klopper
  • Prof. Dr. Jacob Clay
  • Prof. Ir. Hendrik Christiaan Paulus de Vos
  • Prof. Dr. Willem Boomstra
  • Prof. Charles Prosper Wolff Schoemaker
  • Prof. Ir. Cornelis Gijsbert Jan Vreedenburgh
  • Prof. Ir. Paulus Pieter Bijlaard
  • Prof. Ir. Jan Jacob Iman Sprenger
  • Prof. Dr. Herman Robert Woltjer
  • Prof. Ir. Johannes Wilhelmus Franciscus Cornelis Proper
  • Prof. Ir. Jan Jacob Iman Sprenger
  • Ishihara 石原
  • Prof. Ir. R. Roosseno Soerjohadikoesoemo
  • Prof. Ir. R. Soemono
  • Prof. Ir. R. Goenarso
  • Prof. Dr. R. M. Djoehana Wiradikarta
  • Prof. Ir. Soetedjo
  • Prof. Dr. Ir. R. M. Soemantri Brodjonegoro
  • Prof. Ir. R. Otong Kosasih
  • Ir. R. Ukar Bratakusumah
  • Colonel TNI Ir. Koentoadji
  • Prof. Dr. Doddy Achdiat Tisna Amidjaja
  • Prof. Dr. Ing. Iskandar Alisjahbana
  • Dr. Soedjana Sapi'ie
  • Prof. Dr. Moedomo Soedigdomarto
  • Prof. Ir. Wiranto Arismunandar MSME
  • Ir. Djuanda Suraatmadja
  • Prof. Dr. Doddy Achdiat Tisna Amidjaja
  • Prof. Hariadi Paminto Soepangkat Ph.D.
  • Prof. Ir. Wiranto Arismunandar MSME
  • Prof. Ir. Lilik Hendrajaya M.Sc., Ph.D.
  • Ir. Kusmayanto Kadiman Ph.D.
  • Prof. Ir. Adang Surahman M.Sc., Ph.D.
  • Prof. Dr. Ir. Djoko Santoso M.Sc.
  • Prof. Akhmaloka Dipl.Biotech., Ph.D.
  • Prof. Dr. Ir. Kadarsah Suryadi DEA
  • Prof. Ir. Reini Wirahadikusumah MSCE, PhD

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e Webmaster Team, Unit Sumber Daya Informasi ITB. "ITB - Fakta dan Angka". Archived from the original on 19 July 2015. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
  2. ^ a b c d e Biro Administrasi Umum dan Informasi ITB. "Data Mahasiswa per jenjang". Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  3. ^ "Siskumdang - ITB - Document Details - SK Rektor No. 324/SK/K01/OT/2008". itb.ac.id. 18 December 2012. Archived from the original on 18 December 2012. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
  4. ^ CMYK 100,70,0,0 http://www.colorhexa.com/004dff
  5. ^ The quest for the ultimate architecture Indonesia in the late colonial period , pac-nl.org
  6. ^ "Usia ITB Genap 100 Tahun, Begini Sejarah Singkatnya". Bandung Kita (in Indonesian). 2020-07-03. Retrieved 2020-07-25.
  7. ^ "PP 155-2000::Penetapan ITB sebagai BHMN". ngada.org (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-07-25.
  8. ^ a b Indonesia, C. N. N. "Reini Wirahadikusumah, Rektor Perempuan Pertama ITB". teknologi (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  9. ^ ITB, Webmaster Team, Direktorat Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi. "Fakta dan Angka -". Institut Teknologi Bandung (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-07-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ Ernis, Devy (2023-03-29). "ITB Pindahkan Kegiatan Akademik Mahasiswa Baru 2023 ke Kampus Jatinangor". Tempo (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-04-18.
  11. ^ ITB, Webmaster Team, Direktorat Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi. "Kampus ITB Jatinangor Bersiap Sambut Kedatangan Mahasiswa TPB -". Institut Teknologi Bandung (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-04-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ "ShanghaiRanking's Academic Ranking of World Universities".
  13. ^ a b c d "Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB)".
  14. ^ a b "Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB)". 13 November 2021.
  15. ^ "QS World University Rankings 2023: Top Global Universities". Top Universities. Retrieved 2022-10-14.
  16. ^ "World University Rankings 2023". Times Higher Education. 4 October 2022. Retrieved 2022-10-14.
  17. ^ https://siswa.smkdarunnajah.sch.id/[permanent dead link‍]
  18. ^ Peringkat Ranking Sekolah Bisnis Terbaik di Indonesia | blog strategi + manajemen
  19. ^ "ITB plans Rp 110b research center". December 2, 2011.
  20. ^ ITB, Webmaster Team, Direktorat Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi. "Fakultas dan Sekolah -". Institut Teknologi Bandung (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-07-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  21. ^ a b c Indonesia, C. N. N. "Viral Mahasiswa Bisa Bayar Kuliah Pakai Pinjol, ITB Buka Suara". nasional (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  22. ^ tim. "ITB Kerja Sama dengan Pinjol untuk Pembayaran Uang Kuliah Sejak 2023". nasional (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  23. ^ Indonesia, C. N. N. "Kemdikbud Minta ITB Cari Solusi Usai Viral Bayar Kuliah Pakai Pinjol". nasional (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  24. ^ Indonesia, C. N. N. "OJK Bakal Panggil Danacita soal Bayar Kuliah Pakai Pinjol di ITB". ekonomi (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  25. ^ a b c d Bagaskara, Bima. "Protes Bayar UKT Via Pinjol, Mahasiswa ITB Geruduk Gedung Rektorat". detikjabar (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  26. ^ "Mahasiswa ITB Unjuk Rasa Tolak Kebijakan Rektorat Soal Skema Pinjol untuk Bayar Uang Kuliah!". KOMPAS.tv (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  27. ^ a b "Kata Ridwan Kamil soal Bayar Kuliah di ITB Pakai Pinjol". KOMPAS.tv (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-01-30.
  28. ^ inspiraloka (2019-08-11). "100 Alumni ITB (Institut Teknologi Bandung) yang Paling Terkenal". Inspiraloka (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-07-25.
  29. ^ [siswa.sman2sentajoraya.sch.id] Trustl Executive Profile & Biography][dead link‍] Bloomberg BusinessWeek. Retrieved 19 February 2011.
  30. ^ Wayne Arnold (4 October 2005). "This Bali Bombing Seen as Having Less Economic Effect". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
  31. ^ "Coordinating Minister for the Economy: Number of Poor Will Increase". Tempo. 14 August 2005. Archived from the original on 8 September 2008. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
  32. ^ Enricko Lukman, “Bukalapak CEO: Start early, fail more,” Techinasia, 2 Mei 2014
  33. ^ Fitriadi, Herry. "Mengenang Pelukis Ahmad Sadali". Tempo.Co (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2017-09-21.
  34. ^ "ALBERT YONATHAN SETYAWAN". www.changeperformingarts.com. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
  35. ^ "ArtAsiaPacific: Apotheose". artasiapacific.com. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
  36. ^ "Ignasius Jonan dan Arcandra Tahar diangkat jadi Menteri dan Wakil Menteri ESDM". BBC Indonesia. 14 October 2016. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
  37. ^ Kuwado, Fabian Januarius; Ihsanuddin (2016-07-27). "Jokowi Umumkan "Reshuffle" Kabinet, Ini Susunan Menteri Baru". Kompas.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2018-05-28.
  38. ^ Biografi Betti Alisjahbana Tokohindonesia.com. Retrieved on 2015-06-26.
  39. ^ "Vice President - President of Indonesia Collection Website". kepustakaan-presiden.perpusnas.go.id. Retrieved 2020-06-22.
  40. ^ Suryadinata, Leo (2012). Southeast Asian Personalities of Chinese Descent: A Biographical Dictionary, Volume I. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 208–210. ISBN 978-981-4345-21-7.
  41. ^ Isnaeni, Hendri F. (2019-11-12). "创业导师——徐振焕" [Founding mentor—Ciputra]. International Daily News (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2019-11-28. Retrieved 2019-11-28.
  42. ^ Agil Hari Santoso (10 May 2020). "Mantan Panglima TNI Djoko Santoso Meninggal Dunia, Jajaran TNI AD Kibarkan Bendera Setengah Tiang" [TNI Ex-Commander in Chief Djoko Santoso Passes Away, TNI Army Ranks Wave Flags at Half-Mast]. Pikiran Rakyat (in Indonesian). Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  43. ^ "Dinas Kehutanan Provinsi Jawa Barat". dishut.jabarprov.go.id. Archived from the original on 2021-09-26. Retrieved 2021-09-26.
  44. ^ "Profil - Djuanda Kartawidjaja". merdeka.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2021-09-26.
  45. ^ Nadjemudin, Adha (9 July 2017). "Fadel Muhammad Kembali Jabat Ketua Yayasan Alkhairat" [Fadel Muhammad Returns to the Chair of the Alkhairaat Foundation]. ANTARA News Palu, Sulawesi Tengah. Archived from the original on October 20, 2018. Retrieved 24 October 2019.
  46. ^ Roland Rich (23 June 2014). Parties and Parliaments in Southeast Asia: Non-Partisan Chambers in Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand. Taylor & Francis. pp. 175–. ISBN 978-1-317-60553-9.
  47. ^ "Irman Gusman, Ketua DPD Terpilih". republika.co.id. 3 October 2009. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
  48. ^ Arriyani (12 December 2004). "Jenazah Harry Roesli Diberangkatkan Ke Ciomas" [Harry Roesli's Body is Sent to Ciomas]. Tempo (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
  49. ^ Elson, Robert (2001). Suharto: A Political Biography. UK: The Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge. p. 163. ISBN 0-521-77326-1.
  50. ^ Simamora, Adianto P. (April 27, 2011). "Ibas and Aliya get engaged". The Jakarta Post.
  51. ^ Representation on the Executive Board, UNESCO Archived 18 October 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  52. ^ Aktual, Radar (2023-01-20). "Mengenal Sosok Hetifah Sjaifudian, Legislator Partai Golkar DPR RI Asal Kalimantan Timur". radaraktual.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  53. ^ Article: Hokky Situngkir, pendekar batik dari Surya University Archived 2015-06-16 at the Wayback Machine. Surya University News 23 Maret 2015.
  54. ^ Haryanto, Nur (May 12, 2016). "Temuan Baru dari Penelitian Megastruktur Borobudur". Tempo.
  55. ^ "Artikel:"Hokky Situngkir, Ilmuwan Muda Penemu 'Fisika Batik'" di Ciputraentrepreneurship.com". Archived from the original on 2016-09-27. Retrieved 2016-09-25.
  56. ^ Artikel:"Kalau Sains Tak Berguna, Tinggalkan Saja" di Okezone.com
  57. ^ "Tokohindonesia". Archived from the original on 2006-11-21. Retrieved 2021-12-14.
  58. ^ Wajah DPR dan DPD, 2009-2014: latar belakang pendidikan dan karier (in Indonesian). Penerbit Buku Kompas. 2010. p. 69. ISBN 978-979-709-471-3. Retrieved 2021-06-04.
  59. ^ "Fakta Jesica Fitriana Martasari, Runner Up Puteri Indonesia 2019" (in Indonesian). Jawa Pos. March 10, 2019.
  60. ^ "6 Most Influential Film Directors in Modern Indonesian Cinema". Indonesia Tatler. Retrieved 2021-01-23.
  61. ^ Mahmud, Fachri. "EU, Indonesia cooperate on air safety." Jakarta Post. Friday 29 February 2009. Retrieved on 11 February 2009.
  62. ^ "Pertamina Was Target for Extortion: Chief". Jakarta Globe. 27 January 2014. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  63. ^ ULUNG, A. Kurniawan (14 August 2017). "Karlina Supelli: Understanding life through philosophy". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  64. ^ "Menerima bintang kehormatan". Tempo. 3 March 1984. Archived from the original on 19 February 2012. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
  65. ^ "Apa dan Siapa - Karno Barkah". Pusat Data & Analisa Tempo. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  66. ^ Kusmayanto Kadiman Archived 2009-07-27 at the Wayback Machine from ristek.go.id
  67. ^ "Laksamana Sukardi". Ensiklopedi Tokoh Indonesia. tokohindonesia.com. Retrieved 12 May 2016.
  68. ^ Tomsa, Dirk (2008). Party Politics and Democratization in Indonesia: Golkar in the Post-Suharto Era. Routledge. ISBN 978-1134045754. Retrieved 12 May 2016.
  69. ^ Barton, Greg (2002). Gus Dur: The Authorized Biography of Abdurrahman Wahid. Equinox Publishing. ISBN 9799589851. Retrieved 12 May 2016.
  70. ^ "Romo Mangun: Tribute to a Multi-Talented, National Figure". Inside Indonesia. 1 October 2001. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
  71. ^ Adiguna, J. (October 25, 2011). "Indonesia's 2011 queen". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original on 10 October 2011. Retrieved 25 October 2011.
  72. ^ "Maria Selena Crowned as New Miss Indonesia". Jakarta Globe. October 8, 2011. Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 25 October 2011.
  73. ^ Merlyna Lim Wins Graduate Mentoring Award" Faculty of Public Affairs, Carleton University, March 9, 2019. [1]
  74. ^ Ahmed, Kulsum; Triana, Ernesto Sánchez (1 April 2008). Strategic Environment Assessment for Policies: An Instrument for Good Governance. World Bank Publications. pp. 142–. ISBN 9780821367636. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
  75. ^ Sirait, P. Hasudungan; Naipospos, Nabisuk. "Si Jenius Fisika dari Tanah Batak : PANTUR SILABAN - Dari Snellius ke Einstein" (in Indonesian). Retrieved June 7, 2014.
  76. ^ Profil Purnomo Yusgiantoro, MERDEKA.COM
  77. ^ "United Indonesia Cabinet 2009-2014". The Jakarta Post. 2009-10-22. p. 3.
  78. ^ Profile at TokohIndonesia
  79. ^ Sheehan, Susan (June 13, 2017). "Ridwan Kamil Turns an Unconventional Home in Indonesia Into an Ingenious Recycling System". Architectural Digest. No. September 2009. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
  80. ^ "Ridwan Kamil". 19 June 2020.
  81. ^ "Rinaldi Firmansyah Profile". Forbes.com. Archived from the original on 2007-05-03.
  82. ^ Nugroho, Bagus Prihantoro; Alief, Bisma (2016-07-27). "Rizal Ramli 'Rajawali Ngepret' Hanya 11 Bulan Duduk Sebagai Menteri" [‘Rajawali Ngepret’ Rizal Ramli Only 11 Months In Office As Minister]. detik.com (in Indonesian). Jakarta. Retrieved 2021-05-10.
  83. ^ Ketut Krisna Wijaya, This CEO left Acer to build a social network in Indonesia, and just raised $3M. Tech In Asia, 1 September 2015. Accessed 25 June 2018.
  84. ^ Elly Burhaini Faizal, Social media plays role in youth smoking, says expert. Jakarta Post, 21 March 2016. Accessed 25 June 2018.
  85. ^ Prof. Samaun Samadikun Archived 2008-11-20 at the Wayback Machine
  86. ^ "Samaun Samadikun's 85th birthday". Google. 15 April 2016.
  87. ^ Wissema, J. G. (2009-01-01). Towards the Third Generation University: Managing the University in Transition. Edward Elgar Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84844-618-2.
  88. ^ "Biografi Presiden Soekarno" (in Indonesian). Biografi Tokoh. 19 October 2010.
  89. ^ NASA listing (Page 61)
  90. ^ "Penemu Teknologi Sosrobahu Meninggal Dunia" (in Indonesian). Media Group. November 12, 2020. Retrieved August 31, 2020.
  91. ^ "Man of 1000 shoulders". The Jakarta Post. December 11, 2014. Retrieved August 31, 2020.

[1]

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bandung Institute of Technology.
  1. ^ https://musang4d.com/[permanent dead link‍]<
Retrieved from "https://wiki.riteme.site/w/index.php?title=Bandung_Institute_of_Technology&oldid=1257312213"