Indian Institute of Architects
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (September 2009) |
 | |
| Abbreviation | IIA |
|---|---|
| Formation | May 12, 1917 |
| Type | Learned Society |
| Legal status | Registered Society |
Professional title | Architect |
| Headquarters | Mumbai, India |
| Vilas Vasant Avachat | |
| Jitendra Mehta, Tushar Sogani | |
| B. Sudhir | |
| Ranee M.L. Vadamuthu, Sandeep Bawdekar, Akshaya Kumar Beuria | |
Main organ | Journal of the Indian Institute of Architects (JIIA) |
| Affiliations | |
| Website | Official website |
Formerly called | The Architectural Student’s Association (1917- 1922) The Bombay Architectural Association (1922-1929) |
The Indian Institute of Architects (IIA) is the professional national body of architects in India. It was established in 1917 with its headquarters in Mumbai, India. It is associated with the International Union of Architects (UIA) Commonwealth Association of Architects (CAA) and South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation of Architects (SAARCH).[1]
History
[edit]Origin
[edit]John Begg, consulting architect for the Government of India, observed a shortage of architectural professionals in the country. To address this, he started a technical course in architectural drafting at Sir J.J. School of Art in Bombay (present-day Mumbai).[2][3][4] This course extended architectural drafting training to Indian students. In 1907, the Government began granting a Draftsman’s Certificate upon completion, allowing graduates to work as drafters in the Drawing Offices of the Public Works Department.[3][5]
In 1908, George Wittet, Consulting Architect to the Government of Bombay, transformed the course into a four-year architectural curriculum to address the need for skilled architectural assistants within the Public Works Department. Wittet largely taught the course, supported by other qualified members of his staff.[2][3][4][5]
By 1913, a dedicated Department of Architecture had been established. Robert William Cable, previously an academic staff of the Architectural Association School in London, was recruited to head the new department.[3][4][6]
As the number of private architectural firms in India grew, so did the demand for fully trained architects. In response, Claude Batley, principal architect at the prominent Bombay-based firm Gregson, Batley & King, collaborated with Professor Robert William Cable to expand the curriculum into a comprehensive five-year professional diploma program. Later, Henry Foster King, Claude Batley's partner at Gregson, Batley & King, took over as head of the department.[4][7][8]
During Henry Foster King’s tenure in 1917, newly graduated students of Department of Architecture at Sir J.J. School of Art and their instructors formed the Architectural Students' Association. George Wittet was elected as first president of the association.[4][5][6]
Early Days of the IIA
[edit]With an initial strength of 42 former students as members the newly minted Association soon attracted over a hundred members in a short span of time. The committee drafted the rules of the body and the objective of the Association was “The advancement of the Architecture and the promotion of social intercourse amongst the past student of the Sir J.J. School of Art, lecturers and members of the profession.” The Association was active with lectures being delivered and eventually even practicing Architects of Bombay and other cities sought membership.[9] After Wittet’s term as President, Professor Cable who had returned to Bombay after serving in the War was made original member of the Association and elected the next President in 1920.[10]
The Bombay Architectural Association
[edit]Later in 1921 Claude Batley was elected President. Around this time the members thought that the Association ought to be renamed as it included not just past students but practicing Architects as well. Thus ‘The Bombay Architectural Association’ was the new name chosen for the body at a Special General Meeting held on 15th June 1922. One member did suggest the name ‘Indian Architectural Association’ but it was thought to be too ambitious at that stage. The formal inauguration of the newly named Association was only done on 3rd August 1922 by Batley in the 3rd ordinary meeting of the members after the changes in the Constitution and Bye-Laws were unanimously approved.[11] The first President of the rechristened body was H. Foster King who presided from 1923 to 24 followed by D. W. Ditchburn (1924–27) and later Sohrab F. Bharoocha.[12] The IIA was registered under the Societies Registration Act XXI of 1860 as a voluntary organisation of Architects.
The Association proposed an affiliation with the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA), London in order to appeal to practicing Architects. This affiliation was formally done at a Special General Meeting on 14th May 1925 in the School of Architecture.[13] The status of the Association was thus enhanced.
Indian Institute of Architects
[edit]Affiliation with the RIBA led to changes in the Constitution of the body. On 2nd September 1929, the Indian Institute of Architects was officially formed with 158 members, of both Indian and British nationalities, to represent the interests of Architects in India. King was the President of the first council. Vicajee A Taraporevala was the Vice President, Burjor S J Aga and Kersasp B Taraporevala were joint Honorary Secretaries and Dominic D’Silva was the Honorary Treasurer. Aga was the President later during 1931-32. By 1940 the IIA has 240 members and more that 30 of these were practicing in areas that are now beyond India’s present day political borders. Interestingly there was only one woman Architect, Perin Jamshedji Mistri and less than 10 percent of the members were British.[14]
By 1950 the IIA had many more members and it was only after India gained Independence in 1947 that the profession of Architecture gained an identity different from Engineers and established itself as a separate profession. The chief objectives as stated in the memorandum of the IIA were – “To continue the work of the Bombay Architectural Association founded as the Architectural Students’ Association in 1917” and “To encourage the study of Architecture, to elevate the Standard of Architectural Practice and by mutual support to promote the interests of Architects throughout India”.[15]
The only other organisation at the national level is the Council of Architecture established under the Architects Act 1972 with the statutory duty of Registration.[16]
The Northern Chapter of the institute was started in 1956. Today it has Chapters in numerous states and further centers in major cities, within those states [17]
The institute today has more than 20,000 members and plays a major role in promoting the profession of architecture by organising and uniting the Architects of India to promote aesthetic, scientific and practical efficiency of the profession both in Practice and in Education.[18]
Subsidiaries
[edit]| Chapters, Centres and Sub-centres | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andhra Pradesh Chapter | Kerala Chapter | Odisha Chapter | ||||||||||
| Centres (2) | Centres (9) | Centres (1) | ||||||||||
| Kakinada | Calicut | Rourkela | ||||||||||
| Vishakhapatnam | Cochin | Sub-centres (2) | ||||||||||
| Assam Chapter | Kannur | Cuttack | ||||||||||
| Bihar Chapter | Kollam | Sambalpur | ||||||||||
| Chandigarh Chapter | Kottayam | Punjab Chapter | ||||||||||
| Chhattisgarh Chapter | Malappuram | Centres (1) | ||||||||||
| Centres (3) | Palakkad | Amritsar | ||||||||||
| Bilaspur | Thiruvananthapuram | Jalandhar | ||||||||||
| Durg Bhillai | Thrissur | Ludhiana | ||||||||||
| Raipur | Madhya Pradesh Chapter | Mohali | ||||||||||
| Sub-centres (1) | Centres (3) | Patiala | ||||||||||
| Rajnandgaon | Bhopal | Sub-centres (2) | ||||||||||
| Goa Chapter | Gwalior | Bathinda | ||||||||||
| Gujrat Chapter | Indore | Kapurthala Hoshiarpur | ||||||||||
| Centres (4) | Sub-centres (2) | Rajasthan Chapter | ||||||||||
| Ahmedabad | Jabalpur | Centres (1) | ||||||||||
| Saurashtra | Vindhya | Jodhpur Centre | ||||||||||
| Surat | Maharashtra Chapter | Sub-centres (2) | ||||||||||
| Vadodara | Centres (19) | Kota | ||||||||||
| Sub-centres (2) | Ahmednagar | Udaipur | ||||||||||
| Charotar | Akola | Tamil Nadu Chapter | ||||||||||
| Mehsana-Gandhinagar | Aurangabad | Centres (5) | ||||||||||
| Haryana Chapter | Brihan Mumbai | Chennai | ||||||||||
| Centres (5) | Dhule | Coimbatore | ||||||||||
| Faridabad | Jalgaon | Madurai | ||||||||||
| Gurgaon | Kalyan | Salem | ||||||||||
| Hisar | Kolhapur | Trichy | ||||||||||
| Hubli | Lonavala | Sub-centres (1) | ||||||||||
| Panchkula | Nagpur | Thanjavur | ||||||||||
| Sub-centres (3) | Nashik | Telangana Chapter | ||||||||||
| Ambala | Navi Mumbai | Uttar Pradesh Chapter | ||||||||||
| Karnal-Kurukshetra | Pimpri-Chinchwad | Centres (2) | ||||||||||
| Sonepat | Pune | Bareilly | ||||||||||
| Himachal Pradesh Chapter | Sangli | Noida | ||||||||||
| Centres (2) | Satara | Uttarakhand Chapter | ||||||||||
| Dharamshala | Solapur | Kumaun | ||||||||||
| Shimla | Thane | Roorkee | ||||||||||
| Jammu & Kashmir Chapter | Yavatmal | West Bengal Chapter | ||||||||||
| Jharkhand Chapter | Sub-centres (5) | Puducherry Centre | ||||||||||
| Karnataka Chapter | Amravati | |||||||||||
| Centres (5) | Gondia | |||||||||||
| Belgaum | Karad | |||||||||||
| Kalaburagi | Nandurbar | |||||||||||
| Mangalore | Talegaon Dabhade | |||||||||||
| Mysore | ||||||||||||
| Vijayapur | ||||||||||||
Overview
[edit]The institute conducts a professional examination in four parts. Students qualifying all the parts are awarded associate membership, which is a recognized qualification to work as an architect. It provides courses in architecture, town planning, and human settlement development.[19] To join Indian Institute of Architects there are three type of Memberships 1.Fellow (Any person qualified under Bye-Law 4 (a) and desirous of becoming a Fellow) 2. Associate (Any person qualified under Bye-Law 4 (b) and desirous of becoming an Associates) 3. Direct Fellow. So if any person qualified then they can apply on Indian Institute of Architects official website.[20]
References
[edit]- ^ Indian Institute of Architects : IIA World Design Directory.
- ^ a b Longair, Sarah (2019-07-28). "Scottish architects, imperial identities and India's built environment in the early twentieth century: the careers of John Begg and George Wittet". ABE Journal. Architecture beyond Europe (14–15). doi:10.4000/abe.5767. ISSN 2275-6639.
- ^ a b c d Sunavala, Nergish (2013-10-06). "100 years of constructing history". The Times of India. ISSN 0971-8257.
- ^ a b c d e Scriver, Peter; Srivastava, Amit (2015). India: modern architecture in history. Modern architectures in history. London: Reaktion Books. ISBN 978-1-78023-437-3.
- ^ a b c Fernandes, J.B (1967). "Brief history of the IIA". Journal of the Indian Institute of Architects. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29.
- ^ a b Council of Architecture (2022). Guidelines for Architectural Practice. Manual of Architecture Practice - 2022. Vol. 1. New Delhi, India.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Crinson, Mark (2003). Modern architecture and the end of Empire. British art and visual culture since 1750. Aldershot, Great Britain: Ashgate. ISBN 978-0-7546-3510-9. OCLC 473764674.
- ^ Evenson, Norma (1989). The Indian metropolis: a view toward the West. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-04333-4. OCLC 18589109.
- ^ Lang, Desai, Desai. Architecture and Independence-The Search for identity India 1880 to 1980.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Fernandes, J.B.. "Brief history of the I.I.A." Journal of The Indian Institute of Architects Golden Jubilee Issue (1967)".
- ^ "History – The Indian Institute of Architects (IIA)". indianinstituteofarchitects.com. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
- ^ "Fernandes, J.B.. "Brief history of the I.I.A." Journal of The Indian Institute of Architects Golden Jubilee Issue (1967)".
- ^ "History – The Indian Institute of Architects (IIA)". indianinstituteofarchitects.com. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
- ^ Lang, Desai, Desai. Architecture and Independence-The Search for identity India 1880 to 1980.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Lang, Desai, Desai. Architecture and Independence-The Search for identity India 1880 to 1980.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ About us - History
- ^ Chapters
- ^ "About - The Indian Institute of Architects (IIA)". www.iiajournal.com. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
- ^ "Education Plus Kerala". The Hindu. 2005-04-12. Archived from the original on 2006-07-20. Retrieved 2009-09-19.
- ^ "Best Architect in Delhi NCR – Architects in delhi – Architects in Noida –". Kreation Architects. Retrieved 2019-12-11.
External links
[edit]| International | |
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| National | |
