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Timeline of the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

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Japanese invasions of Korea (1592-1598)
Main article: Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Pre-war

[edit]
Year Date Event
1544 Wokou raid Saryang-jin[1]
1555 Wokou raid Joseon[1]
1583 Yi Sun-sin defeats a Jurchen force near the Tumen River[2]
1587 Yi Sun-sin is demoted to a common soldier after annoying I Il[2]
Toyotomi Hideyoshi sends an insulting letter to the Joseon court[3]
1588 Toyotomi Hideyoshi sends envoys asking the Joseon court to aid them in invading the Ming dynasty[4]
1589 Toyotomi Hideyoshi orders Shō Nei of the Ryukyu Kingdom to suspend trade with the Ming dynasty, but he refuses and reports the matter to Ming envoys instead[5]
1590 4 August Siege of Odawara (1590): The Later Hōjō clan is defeated and most of the northern daimyō submit without a fight[6]
August Joseon envoys arrived in Japan[7]
1591 March Envoys return to Joseon and refuse to aid Japan in invading the Ming dynasty[8]
8 March Yi Sun-sin is appointed to the post Left Naval Commander of Jeolla following Ryu Seong-ryong's recommendation[9]
A Chinese trader captured by the Japanese sends a message to Zhejiang stating that 100,000 Japanese troops are being amassed to invade the following year[5]
The Wanli Emperor orders coastal defenses to be strengthened[5]
Joseon sends a request for help to the Ming dynasty[5]
1592 April The Japanese army assembles at Nagoya[10]

1592

[edit]
Year Date Event
1592 23 May The Japanese First Division under Konishi Yukinaga and Sō Yoshitoshi arrive at Busan[11]
24 May Siege of Busanjin: Japanese First Division takes Busan[12]
Battle of Dadaejin: Japanese First Division takes a neighboring coastal fort[12]
25 May Siege of Dongnae: Japanese First Division takes Dongnae[12]
26 May Japanese First Division takes Yangsan and Miryang[13]
28 May Japanese First Division takes Daegu[13]
Japanese Second Division under Katō Kiyomasa arrives in Busan and takes Ulsan, Gyeongju, Yeongcheon, Sinnyeong, and Gumi[14]
29 May Japanese Third Division under Kuroda Nagamasa arrives west of Busan and takes Gimhae before heading north[14]
3 June Battle of Sangju: Japanese First Division takes Sangju[15]
4 June Japanese Third Division takes Cheongju[16]
5 June Japanese First and Second divisions meet up at Mungyeong[15]
6 June Battle of Chungju: Japanese First Division takes Chungju[17]
8 June Gwanghae is installed as prince[18]
9 June The Joseon royal family departs from Hanseong and the city descends into chaos[18]
11 June Katō Kiyomasa's Second Division crosses the Han River[19]
12 June Japanese First Division takes Hanseong and the Second Division arrives a few hours later[19]
13 June Yi Sun-sin's fleet of 39 warships depart from Yeosu[20]
14 June Yi Sun-sin arrives at Dangpo to rendezevouz with Won Gyun, who doesn't show up[20]
15 June Won Gyun arrives at Dangpo with 4 warships and together they depart for Geoje[20]
16 June Kuroda Nagamasa's Third Division and Ukita Hideie's Eighth Division arrive at Hanseong while the other five divisions have landed at Busan[19]
Yi Sun-sin's fleet reaches Okpo where they find Japanese ships at anchor[20]
The Joseon royal family arrives at Pyeongyang[21]
17 June Battle of Okpo: Yi Sun-sin and Won Gyun defeat a fleet of 50 Japanese transport ships, but split up and return home after receiving news of the fall of Hanseong[22]
18 June Yi Sun-sin arrives back at Yeosu[22]
7 July Battle of Imjin River (1592): The Korean defense is defeated and the three vanguard Japanese divisions cross the river and take Gaeseong[23]
8 July Battle of Sacheon (1592): Yi Sun-sin destroys more than 12 large Japanese ships at Sacheon[24]
9 July Battle of Dangpo: Yi Sun-sin defeats a fleet of 21 Japanese warships[24]
12 July Battle of Danghangpo: Yi Sun-sin's fleet destroys 26 Japanese ships[24]
16 July Konishi Yukinaga arrives at the Daedong River and Kuroda Nagamasa joins him a few days later[25]
18 July The Korean fleet dissolves and each commander heads back to their respective ports to recuperate[26]
19 July Seonjo of Joseon departs from Pyeongyang and heads for Yeongbyeon[27]
24 July Siege of Pyongyang (1592): Japanese First and Third divisions take Pyeongyang[27]
26 July Seonjo of Joseon meets a token force of 1,000 from the Ming dynasty at Gwaksan[28]
30 July Seonjo of Joseon arrives at Uiju with Tai Zhaobian and Shi Ru[29]
July Gwak Jaeu leads a force of 1,000 in resistance against Japanese occupation in the south but later enters government service when he's accused of robbery[30]
7 August Go Gyeong-myeong dies in a failed attack on Japanese held Geumsan[31]
8 August The Ming dynasty decides to dispatch troops to Joseon[28]
10 August I Eokgi joins with Yi Sun-sin at Yeosu to practice naval formations[32]
12 August Yi Sun-sin and I Eokgi rendezvous with Won Gyun at Noryang[33]
14 August Battle of Hansan Island: Yi Sun-sin, I Eokgi, and Won Gyun defeat a Japanese fleet[34]
15 August Battle of Hansan Island:Yi Sun-sin, I Eokgi, and Won Gyun defeat another Japanese fleet at Angolpo[34]
Zhao Chengxun arrives at Uiju with a force of 5,000[28]
23 August Battle of Pyongyang (1592): Zhao Chengxun and Shi Ru attack Pyeongyang and are defeated[35]
August Gim Cheonil entrenches himself on Ganghwa Island[36]
6 September Battle of Cheongju: Jo Heon takes Cheongju[16]
12 September Konishi Yukinaga heads to Hanseong to discuss future defense plans with Ukita Hideie[35]
22 September Jo Heon attacks Geumsan and dies and the monk Yeonggyu follows up soon after and dies as well[37]
29 September Yi Sun-sin and I Eokgi set sail from Yeosu with a reconstructed fleet of 166 ships and Won Gyun joins them the day after[38]
3 October Kuroda Nagamasa fails to take Yeonan[37]
4 October Yi Sun-sin's fleet reaches Nakdong River[39]
A 50-day armistice is signed by Shen Weijing at Pyeongyang[40]
5 October Battle of Busan (1592): Yi Sun-sin's fleet bombards the Japanese fleet and destroys 130 ships before retreating[39]
6 October The Wanli Emperor sends an edict to Seonjo of Joseon stating his support for driving out the Japanese[35]
Yi Sun-sin's fleet is disbanded and he returns home for resupplies[39]
Kuroda Nagamasa fails to take Yeonan again[37]
12 October Bak Jin retakes Gyeongju[41]
October Hamgyong campaign: Katō Kiyomasa's Second Division occupies Hamgyeong[30]
Nurhaci offers to join the war against the Japanese but is rejected by both the Ming dynasty and Joseon[39]
13 November Siege of Jinju (1592): Japanese Seventh Division fails to take Jinju[42]
23 December Shen Weijing returns to Pyeongyang and tells the Japanese that there would be no further negotiations until they retreat all the way back to Busan[40]
29 December Konishi Yukinaga tells Shen Weijing that they would withdraw from Pyeongyang if the Ming dynasty gave them rights to ports along China's coast[43]

1593

[edit]
Year Date Event
1593 5 January Wu Weizhong leads 5,000 men across the Yalu River[44]
26 January Li Rusong's army of 35,000 reaches the Yalu River[45]
6 February Siege of Pyongyang (1593): The allied Ming-Joseon army lays siege to Pyeongyang[45]
The Ayutthaya Kingdom's offer to send ships is rejected by the Ming dynasty[46]
8 February Siege of Pyongyang (1593): Konishi Yukinaga's First Division retreats from Pyeongyang, ending the siege[47]
17 February Konishi Yukinaga's remaining men reach Hanseong[48]
19 February Li Rusong takes Gaeseong[48]
22 February Katō Kiyomasa and Nabeshima Naoshige's Second Division depart from Anbyeon and make their way back to Hanseong[48]
27 February Battle of Byeokjegwan: The Ming army's advance towards Hanseong is repelled[49]
8 March Yi Sun-sin leaves for Geoje where he and Won Gyun rendezvous[50]
9 March I Eokgi joins Yi Sun-sin and Won Gyun[50]
14 March Battle of Haengju: The Japanese fail to take Haengju on the Han River[51]
20 March Yi Sun-sin destroys 10 Japanese vessels near Ungchon[50]
24 March Yi Sun-sin attacks Ungchon and releases five Korean prisoners[50]
3 May Yi Sun-sin returns to Yeosu[52]
7 May Li Rusong returns to Gaeseong[52]
18 May The Japanese abandon Hanseong[53]
19 May The Ming army retakes Hanseong[51]
May "Big Sword" Liu Ting crosses the Yalu River with 5,000 Southern Chinese reinforcements[46]
22 June Xie Yongzu and Yu Yihuan negotiate with Konishi Yukinaga at Nagoya[54]
June The Japanese retreat to 17 fortresses on Korea's southern coast and the allied army makes camp at Uiryeong and Changnyeong[55]
27 July Siege of Jinju (1593): The Japanese conduct a massacre at Jinju[56]
1 September Hideyoshi Toyotomi gives the order to withdraw 40,000 troops from Korea.[57]
16 September Most of the Ming army departs from Korea, leaving a garrison force of 16,000[58]
24 October Seonjo of Joseon returns to Hanseong[59]

1594

[edit]
Year Date Event
1594 April Yi Sun-sin destroys 39 Japanese ships[60]
December All Ming soldiers are withdrawn from Korea[57]

1596

[edit]
Year Date Event
1596 22 October Negotiations break down as Hideyoshi Toyotomi realizes the Ming and Joseon envoys aren't in Japan to show obeisance to the greatness of Nippon civilization[61]

1597

[edit]
Year Date Event
1597 1 March Katō Kiyomasa lands at Jukdo with 10,000 men[62]
2 March Konishi Yukinaga arrives at Busan with 7,000 men[62]
12 April Yi Sun-sin is arrested and replaced by Won Gyun[63]
16 May Yi Sun-sin is released from prison[64]
June Yang Yuan crosses the Yalu River with 3,000 soldiers[65]
31 July Won Gyun leads a fleet east from Hansando but returns after meeting a small squadron of Japanese ships at Geoje[66]
July Yang Yuan reaches Namweon[67]
15 August Ma Gui arrives at Hanseong with 1,000 troops[68]
17 August Won Gyun takes the entire fleet and sails east to Busan[66]
20 August Battle of Chilcheollyang: The Korean fleet is repelled near Busan[69]
28 August Battle of Chilcheollyang: Nearly the entire Korean fleet is destroyed, Won Gyun and I Eokgi are both killed[69]
August Total Japanese forces in Korea reach 141,900[62]
11 September Ukita Hideie marches west from Busan with a force of 49,600[70]
13 September Yi Sun-sin is reinstated[71]
23 September Siege of Namwon: A Japanese army of 50,000 lays siege to Namweon[72]
26 September Siege of Namwon: The Japanese take Namweon[73]
The Japanese take Hwangseoksan[74]
28 September Yi Sun-sin arrives at Hoeryeong[75]
30 September The Japanese take Jeonju[74]
4 October Yang Yuan retreats to Hanseong[74]
8 October Yi Sun-sin scares off an advance Japanese scout party at Oranpo[75]
16 October Battle of Jiksan: The Japanese advance north is checked by Ming forces and forced to retreat[76]
17 October The Japanese take Oranpo but are repelled at Jindo[77]
24 October 200 Japanese ships approach Oranpo[77]
26 October Battle of Myeongnyang: The Japanese fleet is repelled by Yi Sun-sin[78]
23 November Ma Gui arrives at Jeonju[79]

1598

[edit]
Year Date Event
1598 26 January Yang Hao, Ma Gui, and Gwon Yul meet at Gyeongju, forming an army of 50,000[80]
29 January Siege of Ulsan: The allied army lays siege to Ulsan[81]
19 February Siege of Ulsan: The allies fail to take Ulsan and retreat, suffering heavy casualties[82]
23 May Yi Sun-sin leads his ships to establish base at Gogeum[83]
May Chen Lin arrives at Tongjak with the Ming fleet[84]
26 June Toyotomi Hideyoshi orders the withdrawal of half his troops from Korea[81]
July Liu Ting arrives at Hanseong with 20,000 troops[85]
12 August Yang Hao leaves Hanseong to face charges against him in Beijing[86]
17 August Chen Lin arrives at Gogeum and joins with Yi Sun-sin[87]
18 September Hideyoshi Toyotomi dies[88]
19 October Siege of Suncheon: Allied forces lay siege to Suncheon[89]
October Second Siege of Ulsan: Allied forces lay siege to Ulsan[90]
2 November Second Siege of Ulsan: Allied forces retreat from Ulsan[91]
Siege of Suncheon: Allied forces retreat from Suncheon[92]
6 November Battle of Sacheon (1598): Allied forces lay siege to Sacheon[93]
11 November Battle of Sacheon (1598): Allied forces are forced to retreat from Sacheon[94]
16 December Battle of Noryang: The Japanese fleet is defeated by Yi Sun-sin[95]
24 December The last Japanese ships leave Korea[96]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Turnbull 2008, p. 8.
  2. ^ a b Turnbull 2008, p. 16.
  3. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 88-89.
  4. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 89.
  5. ^ a b c d Turnbull 2008, p. 9.
  6. ^ Turnbull 2008, p. 14.
  7. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 93.
  8. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 96.
  9. ^ Turnbull 2008, p. 17.
  10. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 110.
  11. ^ Swope 2009, p. 89.
  12. ^ a b c Turnbull 2008, p. 10.
  13. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 150.
  14. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 157.
  15. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 160.
  16. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 278.
  17. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 164.
  18. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 167.
  19. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 170.
  20. ^ a b c d Hawley 2005, p. 188.
  21. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 211.
  22. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 191.
  23. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 220.
  24. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 204.
  25. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 224.
  26. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 207.
  27. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 227.
  28. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 243.
  29. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 231.
  30. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 268.
  31. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 271.
  32. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 232.
  33. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 235.
  34. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 239.
  35. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 246.
  36. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 275.
  37. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 282.
  38. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 249.
  39. ^ a b c d Hawley 2005, p. 250.
  40. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 253.
  41. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 285.
  42. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 290.
  43. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 303.
  44. ^ Turnbull 2008, p. 54.
  45. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 304.
  46. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 337.
  47. ^ Turnbull 2008, p. 61.
  48. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 311.
  49. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 314.
  50. ^ a b c d Hawley 2005, p. 326.
  51. ^ a b Turnbull 2008, p. 63.
  52. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 330.
  53. ^ Swope 2009, p. 170.
  54. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 347.
  55. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 341.
  56. ^ Turnbull 2008, p. 71.
  57. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 365.
  58. ^ Swope 2009, p. 177.
  59. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 369.
  60. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 376.
  61. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 412.
  62. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 436.
  63. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 425.
  64. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 430.
  65. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 439.
  66. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 446.
  67. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 443.
  68. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 465.
  69. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 450.
  70. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 455.
  71. ^ Swope 2009, p. 240.
  72. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 457.
  73. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 458.
  74. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 462.
  75. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 468.
  76. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 467.
  77. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 471.
  78. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 475.
  79. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 487.
  80. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 491.
  81. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 500.
  82. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 495.
  83. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 503.
  84. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 507.
  85. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 510.
  86. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 518.
  87. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 514.
  88. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 517.
  89. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 528.
  90. ^ Swope 2009, p. 268.
  91. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 533.
  92. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 531.
  93. ^ Swope 2009, p. 269.
  94. ^ Swope 2009, p. 270.
  95. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 538.
  96. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 541.

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