Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow

Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow
Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow
	original movie poster
Directed by	Vittorio De Sica
Written by	Bella Billa; Eduardo De Filippo; Alberto Moravia; Isabella Quarantotti; Cesare Zavattini
Produced by	Carlo Ponti; Joseph E. Levine
Starring	Sophia Loren; Marcello Mastroianni
Cinematography	Giuseppe Rotunno
Edited by	Adriana Novelli
Music by	Armando Trovajoli
Distributed by	Embassy Pictures Corporation
Release date	19 December 1963;
Running time	118 minutes
Country	Italy
Language	Italian
Box office	$4.1 million (US/Canada) (rentals) $9.3 million（US and Canada）

Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow (Italian: Ieri, oggi, domani) is a 1963 comedy anthology film by Italian director Vittorio De Sica.^[3] It stars Sophia Loren and Marcello Mastroianni. The film consists of three short stories about couples in different parts of Italy. The film won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film at the 37th Academy Awards.^[4]

Plot

Adelina of Naples

Set in a working-class Naples neighborhood in 1954, this is the story of Adelina (Sophia Loren), who supports her unemployed husband Carmine (Marcello Mastroianni) and child by selling black market cigarettes. When she doesn't pay a fine, her furniture is to be repossessed. However her neighbors assist her by hiding the furniture. A lawyer who lives in the neighborhood advises Carmine that, as the fine and furniture are in Adelina's name, she will be imprisoned. However, Italian law stipulates that women cannot be imprisoned when pregnant or within six months after a pregnancy. As a result, Adelina schemes to stay pregnant continuously. After seven children in eight years, Carmine is seriously exhausted and Adelina must make the choice of being impregnated by their mutual friend Pasquale (Aldo Giuffrè) or be incarcerated.

She finally chooses to be incarcerated, and the whole neighborhood gathers money to free her and petition for her pardon, which finally comes and she is reunited with her husband Carmine and their children.

Anna of Milan

Anna (Sophia Loren dressed by Christian Dior), the wife of a mega-rich industrialist, has a lover named Renzo (Marcello Mastroianni). Whilst driving together in her husband's Rolls-Royce, Anna must determine which is the most important to her happiness – Renzo or the Rolls. Renzo rethinks his infatuation with Anna when she expresses no concern when they nearly run over a child, and end up crashing the Rolls-Royce.

She is infuriated by the damage to her Rolls-Royce, and ends up getting another passing driver to take her home, leaving Renzo on the road.

Mara of Rome

Mara (Sophia Loren) works as a prostitute from her apartment, servicing a variety of high class clients including Augusto (Marcello Mastroianni), the wealthy, powerful and neurotic son of a Bologna industrialist.

Mara's elderly neighbor's grandson Umberto (Gianni Ridolfi) is a handsome and callow young man studying for the priesthood but not yet ordained. Umberto and Mara talk one night asking each other about their occupations. Embarrassed, Mara tells him she does manicures. Umberto's grandmother (Tina Pica) sees them talking and, knowing that Mara is a prostitute, interrupts their conversation telling Mara that she'll go to hell. Umberto protests, but Mara defends herself. Umberto falls in love with her. To the shrieking dismay of his grandmother, the young man wishes to leave his vocation to be with Mara, or to join the French Foreign Legion, if Mara rejects him. Mara vows to set the young man on the path of righteousness back to the seminary and vows celibacy for a week, if she succeeds. For this, she enlists the reluctant Augusto. Umberto finally agrees to return to the seminary. Mara rewards Augusto with a striptease (with Loren coached by Jacques Ruet, choreographer of Le Crazy Horse de Paris^[5]), but remembering her vow, refuses to go to bed with him.

Cast

Sophia Loren as Adelina Sbaratti / Anna Molteni / Mara
Marcello Mastroianni as Carmine Sbaratti / Renzo / Augusto Rusconi
Aldo Giuffrè as Pasquale Nardella (segment "Adelina")
Agostino Salvietti as Dr. Verace (segment "Adelina")
Lino Mattera as Amedeo Scapece (segment "Adelina")
Tecla Scarano as Verace's sister (segment "Adelina")
Silvia Monelli as Elivira Nardella (segment "Adelina")
Carlo Croccolo as Auctioneer (segment "Adelina")
Pasquale Cennamo as Chief Police (segment "Adelina")
Tonino Cianci as Antonio Cianci (segment "Adelina")
Armando Trovajoli as Giorgio Ferrario (segment "Anna")
Tina Pica as Grandmother Ferrario (segment "Mara")
Gianni Ridolfi as Umberto (segment "Mara") (as Giovanni Ridolfi)
Gennaro Di Gregorio as Grandfather (segment "Mara")

Filming

The production of "Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow" took place in various locations across Italy. Each of the three segments was shot in different settings, reflecting the diverse cultural and social landscapes of the country. The first segment is set in Naples and follows the story of Adelina. The second story is set in Milan and revolves around the character of Anna. The final segment is set in Rome and centers on Mara.

Reception

On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 78% based on 9 reviews, with an average score of 7.3/10.^[6]

John Simon of The New Leader described Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow as an 'overrated dud'.^[7]

Awards and nominations

1965 Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film^[4]
1965 BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Actor – Marcello Mastroianni
1964 Golden Globes – Samuel Goldwyn Award - nomination
1964 David di Donatello Awards – David for Best Production – Carlo Ponti
1964 National Board of Review, USA - NBR award.^[8]

References

^ "All-time Film Rental Champs", Variety, 7 January 1976 p 50
^ Balio, Tino (5 November 2010). The Foreign Film Renaissance on American Screens, 1946–1973. ISBN 9780299247935.
^ "NY Times: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow". Movies & TV Dept. The New York Times. 2012. Archived from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2009.
^ ^a ^b "The 37th Academy Awards (1965) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
^ "The secrets behind Sophia Loren's striptease in "Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow"". Vogue France. 20 April 2021. Retrieved 19 February 2023.
^ "Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow". Rotten Tomatoes. 17 March 1964. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
^ Simon, John (1967). Private Screenings. The MacMillan Company. p. 154.
^ "Top 5 Foreign Language Films Archives". National Board of Review. Retrieved 13 September 2023.

External links

[1] "All-time Film Rental Champs", Variety, 7 January 1976 p 50

[2] Balio, Tino (5 November 2010). The Foreign Film Renaissance on American Screens, 1946–1973. ISBN 9780299247935.

[NY_Times.com-3] "NY Times: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow". Movies & TV Dept. The New York Times. 2012. Archived from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2009.

[Oscars1965-4] "The 37th Academy Awards (1965) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 5 November 2011.

[5] "The secrets behind Sophia Loren's striptease in "Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow"". Vogue France. 20 April 2021. Retrieved 19 February 2023.

[6] "Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow". Rotten Tomatoes. 17 March 1964. Retrieved 13 September 2023.

[7] Simon, John (1967). Private Screenings. The MacMillan Company. p. 154.

[8] "Top 5 Foreign Language Films Archives". National Board of Review. Retrieved 13 September 2023.

[1]

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v t e Academy Award for Best International Feature Film
1947–1955 (Honorary)	1947: Shoeshine – Vittorio De Sica 1948: Monsieur Vincent – Maurice Cloche 1949: Bicycle Thieves – Vittorio De Sica 1950: The Walls of Malapaga – René Clément 1951: Rashomon – Akira Kurosawa 1952: Forbidden Games – René Clément 1953: No Award 1954: Gate of Hell – Teinosuke Kinugasa 1955: Samurai, The Legend of Musashi – Hiroshi Inagaki
1956–1975	1956: La Strada – Federico Fellini 1957: Nights of Cabiria – Federico Fellini 1958: My Uncle – Jacques Tati 1959: Black Orpheus – Marcel Camus 1960: The Virgin Spring – Ingmar Bergman 1961: Through a Glass Darkly – Ingmar Bergman 1962: Sundays and Cybèle – Serge Bourguignon 1963: 8½ – Federico Fellini 1964: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow – Vittorio De Sica 1965: The Shop on Main Street – Ján Kadár & Elmar Klos 1966: A Man and a Woman – Claude Lelouch 1967: Closely Watched Trains – Jiří Menzel 1968: War and Peace – Sergei Bondarchuk 1969: Z – Costa-Gavras 1970: Investigation of a Citizen Above Suspicion – Elio Petri 1971: The Garden of the Finzi-Continis – Vittorio De Sica 1972: The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie – Luis Buñuel 1973: Day for Night – François Truffaut 1974: Amarcord – Federico Fellini 1975: Dersu Uzala – Akira Kurosawa
1976–2000	1976: Black and White in Color – Jean-Jacques Annaud 1977: Madame Rosa – Moshé Mizrahi 1978: Get Out Your Handkerchiefs – Bertrand Blier 1979: The Tin Drum – Volker Schlöndorff 1980: Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears – Vladimir Menshov 1981: Mephisto – István Szabó 1982: Volver a Empezar ('To Begin Again') – José Luis Garci 1983: Fanny and Alexander – Ingmar Bergman 1984: Dangerous Moves – Richard Dembo 1985: The Official Story – Luis Puenzo 1986: The Assault – Fons Rademakers 1987: Babette's Feast – Gabriel Axel 1988: Pelle the Conqueror – Bille August 1989: Cinema Paradiso – Giuseppe Tornatore 1990: Journey of Hope – Xavier Koller 1991: Mediterraneo – Gabriele Salvatores 1992: Indochine – Régis Wargnier 1993: Belle Époque – Fernando Trueba 1994: Burnt by the Sun – Nikita Mikhalkov 1995: Antonia's Line – Marleen Gorris 1996: Kolya – Jan Svěrák 1997: Character – Mike van Diem 1998: Life Is Beautiful – Roberto Benigni 1999: All About My Mother – Pedro Almodóvar 2000: Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon – Ang Lee
2001–present	2001: No Man's Land – Danis Tanović 2002: Nowhere in Africa – Caroline Link 2003: The Barbarian Invasions – Denys Arcand 2004: The Sea Inside – Alejandro Amenábar 2005: Tsotsi – Gavin Hood 2006: The Lives of Others – Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck 2007: The Counterfeiters – Stefan Ruzowitzky 2008: Departures – Yōjirō Takita 2009: The Secret in Their Eyes – Juan José Campanella 2010: In a Better World – Susanne Bier 2011: A Separation – Asghar Farhadi 2012: Amour – Michael Haneke 2013: The Great Beauty – Paolo Sorrentino 2014: Ida – Paweł Pawlikowski 2015: Son of Saul – László Nemes 2016: The Salesman – Asghar Farhadi 2017: A Fantastic Woman – Sebastián Lelio 2018: Roma – Alfonso Cuarón 2019: Parasite – Bong Joon-ho 2020: Another Round – Thomas Vinterberg 2021: Drive My Car – Ryusuke Hamaguchi 2022: All Quiet on the Western Front – Edward Berger 2023: The Zone of Interest – Jonathan Glazer

v t e Italian submissions for Academy Award for Best International Feature Film
1947–1960	Shoeshine (1947) Bicycle Thieves (1949) The Walls of Malapaga (1950) La Strada (1956) Nights of Cabiria (1957) Big Deal on Madonna Street (1958) The Great War (1959) Kapo (1960)
1961–1980	La Notte (1961) The Four Days of Naples (1962) 8½ (1963) Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow (1964) Marriage Italian Style (1965) The Battle of Algiers (1966) China Is Near (1967) The Girl with the Pistol (1968) Fellini Satyricon (1969) Investigation of a Citizen Above Suspicion (1970) The Garden of the Finzi-Continis (1971) Roma (1972) Amarcord (1974) Scent of a Woman (1975) Seven Beauties (1976) A Special Day (1977) I nuovi mostri (1978) To Forget Venice (1979) A Leap in the Dark (1980)
1981–2000	Three Brothers (1981) The Night of the Shooting Stars (1982) And the Ship Sails On (1983) Where's Picone? (1984) Macaroni (1985) Summer Night (1986) The Family (1987) The Legend of the Holy Drinker (1988) Cinema Paradiso (1989) Open Doors (1990) Mediterraneo (1991) The Stolen Children (1992) The Great Pumpkin (1993) Lamerica (1994) The Star Maker (1995) My Generation (1996) The Best Man (1997) Life Is Beautiful (1998) Not of this World (1999) One Hundred Steps (2000)
2001–2020	The Son's Room (2001) Pinocchio (2002) I'm Not Scared (2003) The Keys to the House (2004) Don't Tell (2005) Golden Door (2006) The Unknown Woman (2007) Gomorrah (2008) Baarìa (2009) The First Beautiful Thing (2010) Terraferma (2011) Caesar Must Die (2012) The Great Beauty (2013) Human Capital (2014) Don't Be Bad (2015) Fire at Sea (2016) A Ciambra (2017) Dogman (2018) The Traitor (2019) Notturno (2020)
2021–present	The Hand of God (2021) Nostalgia (2022) Io capitano (2023) Vermiglio (2024)