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ITF World Champions

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The International Tennis Federation (ITF) designates a World Champion each year based on its own majority opinion of performances throughout the year, emphasizing the Grand Slam tournaments,[1] and also considering team events such as the Davis Cup and Fed Cup.[2] Men's and women's singles champions were first named in 1978; the title is now also awarded for doubles, wheelchair, and junior players.[3] It is sometimes named the "ITF Player of the Year" award, alluding to similar other year-end awards in tennis.[4]

Rules and procedures

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The ITF's constitution states that no tennis tournament can be designated the "World Championships" without unanimous consent of the ITF Council.[5] There is currently no such tournament. The constitution also states:[6]

The ITF may award the title of World Champion to players who, in the opinion of the Board of Directors, are the most outstanding players in any one-year. The names of players who have been awarded this title shall be listed in the Roll of Honour.

The opinion of the Board of Directors is taken to be equivalent to the majority opinions of the members of the Board.

It also states:[1]

Official Tennis Championships [i.e. the Grand Slam events] shall be the decisive factor in the determination of the ITF World Champions for each year.

The boys' and girls' singles and doubles titles prior to 2003 were awarded based on world ranking. Since then singles and doubles rankings have been combined in a single award each for boys and for girls.[7]

The world champion accolade has been extended by the ITF to wheelchair tennis players of the Men's and Women's division since 1991 and also based on world ranking. In November 2017, the ITF announced that the quad wheelchair tennis division is to be recognised in its annual list of ITF World Champions.[8]

In 1996, the Philippe Chatrier Award was introduced, honouring individuals or organisations who have made outstanding contributions to tennis globally, both on and off the court. The award is considered to be the ITF's highest accolade and is named after the former French tennis player Philippe Chatrier, who was President of the governing body between 1977 and 1991.[9]

The ITF World Champions Dinner takes place annually to honour the previous year's champions,[10] who are presented with a trophy, but not any monetary prize.[11] The dinner was held during the French Open up until 2022, but since 2023 has been held during Wimbledon.

For 2020 there were no ITF World Champion awards given due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The tennis season was suspended for about 5 months for both the female and the male tennis players.[12]

Men's singles

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The first men's panel in 1978 had three members, Don Budge, Fred Perry, and Lew Hoad,[11][13] who attended the season's Grand Slam events at ITF expense to inform their choice.[14] The 1983 panel split two to one between John McEnroe (votes of Budge and Perry) and Mats Wilander (vote of Hoad).[15] The 1984 panel had five members,[16] while the 1985 panel had four: Budge, Perry, Hoad, and Tony Trabert.[17] When Ivan Lendl was chosen as champion for 1985, the panel's announcement was accompanied with a rebuke for Lendl's criticism of some tournaments and his refusal to play in the Davis Cup.[17] Perry and Trabert were on the 1986 panel, with performances outside the Grand Slams taken into consideration.[18]

The 1990 designation of Lendl as champion was a surprise.[19] That year, the Association of Tennis Professionals named Stefan Edberg its "Player of The Year", in accordance with the ATP rankings, while Tennis Magazine (France) ranked Edberg first, Andre Agassi second, and Lendl third.[20] Tennis also suggested the ITF was punishing Edberg for denigrating the Grand Slam Cup tournament it had introduced.[20] The ITF panel, of Perry, Trabert, and Frank Sedgman, called it "the toughest decision any of us can remember having to make", and stated it was Lendl's better average performance in the Grand Slams that made the difference.[19]

The choice to award Djokovic the ITF World Champion of 2013 over Nadal was unexpected. Nadal finished the year ranked #1 and with more Grand Slams (2 to 1), more Masters titles (5 to 3), and more tournament titles (10 to 7). Similar to the situation with Edberg in 1990, the ITF cited Nadal's failure to win a match at 2 of the 4 Grand Slams (DNP the Australian Open, 1st round loss at Wimbledon) to justify their decision and Djokovic's consistent results across all four Grand Slams (1 title, 2 runner-ups, 1 SF), Davis Cup (led Serbia to final, won 7/7 singles rubbers) and the ATP World Tour Finals (won title).[21]

Other instances when the ITF choices differed from the ATP rankings are 1978 (Jimmy Connors), 1982 (McEnroe), 1989 (Lendl), and 2022 (Carlos Alcaraz). None of these were controversial, with the 1978 and 1982 choices being particularly clear cut in favor of Borg (1978) and Connors (1982)[citation needed]. Nadal won in 2022, despite Alcaraz being the year-end number 1; Nadal won two Grand Slam titles, while Alcaraz failed to reach the semi-final stage in three of four Grand Slams.

Year Player
1978 Sweden Björn Borg
1979 Sweden Björn Borg (2)
1980 Sweden Björn Borg (3)
1981 United States John McEnroe
1982 United States Jimmy Connors
1983 United States John McEnroe (2)
1984 United States John McEnroe (3)
1985 Czechoslovakia Ivan Lendl
1986 Czechoslovakia Ivan Lendl (2)
1987 Czechoslovakia Ivan Lendl (3)
1988 Sweden Mats Wilander
1989 West Germany Boris Becker
1990 Czechoslovakia Ivan Lendl (4)
1991 Sweden Stefan Edberg
1992 United States Jim Courier
1993 United States Pete Sampras
1994 United States Pete Sampras (2)
1995 United States Pete Sampras (3)
1996 United States Pete Sampras (4)
1997 United States Pete Sampras (5)
1998 United States Pete Sampras (6)
1999 United States Andre Agassi
2000 Brazil Gustavo Kuerten
2001 Australia Lleyton Hewitt
2002 Australia Lleyton Hewitt (2)
2003 United States Andy Roddick
2004 Switzerland Roger Federer
2005 Switzerland Roger Federer (2)
2006 Switzerland Roger Federer (3)
2007 Switzerland Roger Federer (4)
2008 Spain Rafael Nadal
2009 Switzerland Roger Federer (5)
2010 Spain Rafael Nadal (2)
2011 Serbia Novak Djokovic
2012 Serbia Novak Djokovic (2)
2013 Serbia Novak Djokovic (3)
2014 Serbia Novak Djokovic (4)
2015 Serbia Novak Djokovic (5)
2016 United Kingdom Andy Murray
2017 Spain Rafael Nadal (3)
2018 Serbia Novak Djokovic (6)
2019 Spain Rafael Nadal (4)
2020 No award due to COVID-19 pandemic
2021 Serbia Novak Djokovic (7)
2022 Spain Rafael Nadal (5)
2023 Serbia Novak Djokovic (8)
Total Player
8  Novak Djokovic (SRB)
6  Pete Sampras (USA)
5  Roger Federer (SUI)
 Rafael Nadal (ESP)
4  Ivan Lendl (TCH)
3  Björn Borg (SWE)
 John McEnroe (USA)
2  Lleyton Hewitt (AUS)
1  Jimmy Connors (USA)
 Mats Wilander (SWE)
 Boris Becker (GER)
 Stefan Edberg (SWE)
 Jim Courier (USA)
 Andre Agassi (USA)
 Gustavo Kuerten (BRA)
 Andy Roddick (USA)
 Andy Murray (GBR)

Women's singles

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The women's panel initially featured three former women's champions, Margaret Court, Margaret duPont and Ann Jones.[22][11][13] Althea Gibson was a member through the early 1980s.[23]

ITF world champions for women differed from the WTA year-end rankings the following years: 1978 (Martina Navratilova), 1994 (Steffi Graf), 2001 (Lindsay Davenport), 2004 (Lindsay Davenport), 2005 (Lindsay Davenport), 2011 (Caroline Wozniacki), 2012 (Victoria Azarenka), 2017 (Simona Halep), 2023 (Iga Swiatek).

Year Player
1978 United States Chris Evert
1979 United States Martina Navratilova
1980 United States Chris Evert (2)
1981 United States Chris Evert (3)
1982 United States Martina Navratilova (2)
1983 United States Martina Navratilova (3)
1984 United States Martina Navratilova (4)
1985 United States Martina Navratilova (5)
1986 United States Martina Navratilova (6)
1987 Germany Steffi Graf
1988 Germany Steffi Graf (2)
1989 Germany Steffi Graf (3)
1990 Germany Steffi Graf (4)
1991 Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Monica Seles
1992 Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Monica Seles (2)
1993 Germany Steffi Graf (5)
1994 Spain Arantxa Sánchez Vicario
1995 Germany Steffi Graf (6)
1996 Germany Steffi Graf (7)
1997 Switzerland Martina Hingis
1998 United States Lindsay Davenport
1999 Switzerland Martina Hingis (2)
2000 Switzerland Martina Hingis (3)
2001 United States Jennifer Capriati
2002 United States Serena Williams
2003 Belgium Justine Henin
2004 Russia Anastasia Myskina
2005 Belgium Kim Clijsters
2006 Belgium Justine Henin (2)
2007 Belgium Justine Henin (3)
2008 Serbia Jelena Janković
2009 United States Serena Williams (2)
2010 Denmark Caroline Wozniacki
2011 Czech Republic Petra Kvitová
2012 United States Serena Williams (3)
2013 United States Serena Williams (4)
2014 United States Serena Williams (5)
2015 United States Serena Williams (6)
2016 Germany Angelique Kerber
2017 Spain Garbiñe Muguruza
2018 Romania Simona Halep
2019 Australia Ashleigh Barty
2020 No award due to COVID-19 pandemic
2021 Australia Ashleigh Barty (2)
2022 Poland Iga Świątek
2023 Aryna Sabalenka
Total Player
7  Steffi Graf (GER)
6  Martina Navratilova (USA)
 Serena Williams (USA)
3  Chris Evert (USA)
 Martina Hingis (SUI)
 Justine Henin (BEL)
2  Monica Seles (YUG)
 Ashleigh Barty (AUS)
1 Spain Arantxa Sánchez Vicario
United States Lindsay Davenport
United States Jennifer Capriati
Russia Anastasia Myskina
Belgium Kim Clijsters
Serbia Jelena Janković
Denmark Caroline Wozniacki
Czech Republic Petra Kvitová
Germany Angelique Kerber
Spain Garbiñe Muguruza
Romania Simona Halep
Poland Iga Świątek
Aryna Sabalenka

Doubles

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Men's doubles

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Year Player
1996 Australia Todd Woodbridge & Mark Woodforde
1997 Australia Todd Woodbridge (2) & Mark Woodforde (2)
1998 Netherlands Jacco Eltingh & Netherlands Paul Haarhuis
1999 India Mahesh Bhupathi & India Leander Paes
2000 Australia Todd Woodbridge (3) & Mark Woodforde (3)
2001 Sweden Jonas Björkman & Australia Todd Woodbridge (4)
2002 The Bahamas Mark Knowles & Canada Daniel Nestor
2003 United States Bob Bryan & Mike Bryan
2004 United States Bob Bryan (2) & Mike Bryan (2)
2005 United States Bob Bryan (3) & Mike Bryan (3)
2006 United States Bob Bryan (4) & Mike Bryan (4)
2007 United States Bob Bryan (5) & Mike Bryan (5)
2008 Canada Daniel Nestor (2) & Serbia Nenad Zimonjić
2009 United States Bob Bryan (6) & Mike Bryan (6)
2010 United States Bob Bryan (7) & Mike Bryan (7)
2011 United States Bob Bryan (8) & Mike Bryan (8)
2012 United States Bob Bryan (9) & Mike Bryan (9)
2013 United States Bob Bryan (10) & Mike Bryan (10)
2014 United States Bob Bryan (11) & Mike Bryan (11)
2015 Netherlands Jean-Julien Rojer & Romania Horia Tecău
2016 United Kingdom Jamie Murray & Brazil Bruno Soares
2017 Poland Łukasz Kubot & Brazil Marcelo Melo
2018 United States Mike Bryan (12) & United States Jack Sock
2019 Colombia Juan Sebastián Cabal & Colombia Robert Farah
2020 No award due to COVID-19 pandemic
2021 Croatia Nikola Mektić & Croatia Mate Pavić
2022 United Kingdom Joe Salisbury & United States Rajeev Ram
2023 United Kingdom Joe Salisbury (2) & United States Rajeev Ram (2)

Women's doubles

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Year Player
1996 United States Lindsay Davenport & United States Mary Joe Fernández
1997 United States Lindsay Davenport (2) & Czech Republic Jana Novotná
1998 United States Lindsay Davenport (3) & Belarus Natasha Zvereva
1999 Switzerland Martina Hingis & Russia Anna Kournikova
2000 France Julie Halard-Decugis & Japan Ai Sugiyama
2001 United States Lisa Raymond & Australia Rennae Stubbs
2002 Spain Virginia Ruano Pascual & Argentina Paola Suárez
2003 Spain Virginia Ruano Pascual (2) & Argentina Paola Suárez (2)
2004 Spain Virginia Ruano Pascual (3) & Argentina Paola Suárez (3)
2005 United States Lisa Raymond (2) & Australia Samantha Stosur
2006 United States Lisa Raymond (3) & Australia Samantha Stosur (2)
2007 Zimbabwe Cara Black & United States Liezel Huber
2008 Zimbabwe Cara Black (2) & United States Liezel Huber (2)
2009 United States Serena Williams & Venus Williams
2010 Argentina Gisela Dulko & Italy Flavia Pennetta
2011 Czech Republic Květa Peschke & Slovenia Katarina Srebotnik
2012 Italy Sara Errani & Italy Roberta Vinci
2013 Italy Sara Errani (2) & Italy Roberta Vinci (2)
2014 Italy Sara Errani (3) & Italy Roberta Vinci (3)
2015 Switzerland Martina Hingis (2) & India Sania Mirza
2016 France Caroline Garcia & France Kristina Mladenovic
2017 Switzerland Martina Hingis (3) & Chinese Taipei Chan Yung-jan
2018 Czech Republic Barbora Krejčíková & Czech Republic Kateřina Siniaková
2019 Hungary Tímea Babos & France Kristina Mladenovic (2)
2020 No award due to COVID-19 pandemic
2021 Czech Republic Barbora Krejčíková (2) & Czech Republic Kateřina Siniaková (2)
2022 Czech Republic Barbora Krejčíková (3) & Czech Republic Kateřina Siniaková (3)
2023 Australia Storm Hunter & Belgium Elise Mertens

Junior

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Boys' combined (2004– )

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Year Player
2004 France Gaël Monfils
2005 United States Donald Young
2006 Netherlands Thiemo de Bakker
2007 Lithuania Ričardas Berankis
2008 Chinese Taipei Yang Tsung-hua
2009 Sweden Daniel Berta
2010 Colombia Juan Sebastián Gómez
2011 Czech Republic Jiří Veselý
2012 Canada Filip Peliwo
2013 Germany Alexander Zverev
2014 Russia Andrey Rublev
2015 United States Taylor Fritz
2016 Serbia Miomir Kecmanović
2017 Argentina Axel Geller
2018 Chinese Taipei Tseng Chun-hsin
2019 Argentina Thiago Agustin Tirante
2020 No award due to COVID-19 pandemic
2021 China Shang Juncheng
2022 Belgium Gilles-Arnaud Bailly
2023 Brazil João Fonseca

Girls' combined (2004– )

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Year Player
2004 Netherlands Michaëlla Krajicek
2005 Belarus Victoria Azarenka
2006 Russia Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova
2007 Poland Urszula Radwańska
2008 Thailand Noppawan Lertcheewakarn
2009 France Kristina Mladenovic
2010 Russia Daria Gavrilova
2011 Russia Irina Khromacheva
2012 United States Taylor Townsend
2013 Switzerland Belinda Bencic
2014 United States Catherine "CiCi" Bellis
2015 Hungary Dalma Gálfi
2016 Russia Anastasia Potapova
2017 United States Whitney Osuigwe
2018 France Clara Burel
2019 France Diane Parry
2020 No award due to COVID-19 pandemic
2021 Croatia Petra Marčinko
2022 Czech Republic Lucie Havlíčková
2023 Russia Alina Korneeva

Singles (1978–2003)

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Boys' singles

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Year Player
1978 Czechoslovakia Ivan Lendl
1979 Ecuador Raúl Viver
1980 France Thierry Tulasne
1981 Australia Pat Cash
1982 France Guy Forget
1983 Sweden Stefan Edberg
1984 Australia Mark Kratzmann
1985 Italy Claudio Pistolesi
1986 Spain Javier Sánchez
1987 Australia Jason Stoltenberg
1988 Venezuela Nicolás Pereira
1989 Sweden Nicklas Kulti
1990 Italy Andrea Gaudenzi
1991 Sweden Thomas Enqvist
1992 United States Brian Dunn
1993 Chile Marcelo Ríos
1994 Argentina Federico Browne
1995 Argentina Mariano Zabaleta
1996 France Sébastien Grosjean
1997 France Arnaud Di Pasquale
1998 Switzerland Roger Federer
1999 Denmark Kristian Pless
2000 United States Andy Roddick
2001 Luxembourg Gilles Müller
2002 France Richard Gasquet
2003 Cyprus Marcos Baghdatis

Girls' singles

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Year Player
1978 Czechoslovakia Hana Mandlíková
1979 United States Mary-Lou Piatek
1980 United States Susan Mascarin
1981 United States Zina Garrison
1982 United States Gretchen Rush
1983 France Pascale Paradis
1984 Argentina Gabriela Sabatini
1985 Italy Laura Garrone
1986 Argentina Patricia Tarabini
1987 Soviet Union Natalia Zvereva
1988 Argentina Cristina Tessi
1989 Argentina Florencia Labat
1990 Czechoslovakia Karina Habšudová
1991 Czechoslovakia Zdeňka Málková
1992 Paraguay Rossana de los Ríos
1993 Georgia (country) Nino Louarsabishvili
1994 Switzerland Martina Hingis
1995 Russia Anna Kournikova
1996 France Amélie Mauresmo
1997 Zimbabwe Cara Black
1998 Australia Jelena Dokić
1999 Russia Lina Krasnoroutskaya
2000 Argentina María Emilia Salerni
2001 Russia Svetlana Kuznetsova
2002 Czechoslovakia Barbora Strýcová
2003 Belgium Kirsten Flipkens

Doubles (1978–2003)

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Boys' doubles

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Year Player
1982 Mexico Fernando Pérez Pascal
1983 Australia Mark Kratzmann
1984 Mexico Agustín Moreno
1985 Czechoslovakia Petr Korda & Czechoslovakia Cyril Suk
1986 Spain Tomás Carbonell
1987 Australia Jason Stoltenberg
1988 Czechoslovakia David Rikl & Czechoslovakia Tomáš Anzari
1989 South Africa Wayne Ferreira
1990 Sweden Mårten Renström
1991 Morocco Karim Alami
1992 Mexico Enrique Abaroa
1993 New Zealand Steven Downs
1994 Australia Benjamin Ellwood
1995 Venezuela Kepler Orellana
1996 France Sébastien Grosjean
1997 Chile Nicolás Massú
1998 Venezuela José de Armas
1999 France Julien Benneteau & France Nicolas Mahut
2000 United Kingdom Lee Childs & United Kingdom James Nelson
2001 Mexico Bruno Echagaray & Mexico Santiago González
2002 Romania Florin Mergea & Romania Horia Tecău
2003 United States Scott Oudsema

Girls' doubles

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Year Player
1982 United States Beth Herr
1983 Soviet Union Larisa Savchenko
1984 Argentina Mercedes Paz
1985 Argentina Mariana Perez-Roldan & Argentina Patricia Tarabini
1986 Soviet Union Leila Meskhi
1987 Soviet Union Natalia Medvedeva
1988 Australia Jo-Anne Faull
1989 Czechoslovakia Andrea Strnadová
1990 Czechoslovakia Karina Habšudová
1991 Czechoslovakia Eva Martincová
1992 Belgium Nancy Feber & Belgium Laurence Courtois
1993 United States Cristina Moros
1994 Slovenia Martina Nedelkova
1995 Czech Republic Ludmila Varmuzova
1996 Czech Republic Jitka Schönfeldová & Czechoslovakia Michaela Paštiková
1997 Kazakhstan Irina Selyutina & Zimbabwe Cara Black
1998 Denmark Eva Dyrberg
1999 Czech Republic Daniela Bedáňová
2000 Argentina María Emilia Salerni
2001 Czech Republic Petra Cetkovská
2002 Belgium Elke Clijsters
2003 Czech Republic Andrea Hlaváčková

Wheelchair

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Men's wheelchair

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Year Player
1991 United States Randy Snow
1992 France Laurent Giammartini
1993 Germany Kai Schramayer
1994 France Laurent Giammartini (2)
1995 Australia David Hall
1996 Netherlands Ricky Molier
1997 Netherlands Ricky Molier (2)
1998 Australia David Hall (2)
1999 United States Stephen Welch
2000 Australia David Hall (3)
2001 Netherlands Ricky Molier (3)
2002 Australia David Hall (4)
2003 Australia David Hall (5)
2004 Australia David Hall (6)
2005 France Michaël Jeremiasz
2006 Netherlands Robin Ammerlaan
2007 Japan Shingo Kunieda
2008 Japan Shingo Kunieda (2)
2009 Japan Shingo Kunieda (3)
2010 Japan Shingo Kunieda (4)
2011 Netherlands Maikel Scheffers
2012 France Stéphane Houdet
2013 Japan Shingo Kunieda (5)
2014 Japan Shingo Kunieda (6)
2015 Japan Shingo Kunieda (7)
2016 United Kingdom Gordon Reid
2017 Argentina Gustavo Fernández
2018 Japan Shingo Kunieda (8)
2019 Argentina Gustavo Fernández (2)
2020 No award due to COVID-19 pandemic
2021 Japan Shingo Kunieda (9)
2022 Japan Shingo Kunieda (10)
2023 United Kingdom Alfie Hewett

Women's wheelchair

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Year Player
1991 Netherlands Chantal Vandierendonck
1992 Netherlands Monique Van Den Bosch
1993 Netherlands Monique Kalkman (2)
1994 Netherlands Monique Kalkman (3)
1995 Netherlands Monique Kalkman (4)
1996 Netherlands Chantal Vandierendonck (2)
1997 Netherlands Chantal Vandierendonck (3)
1998 Australia Daniela Di Toro
1999 Australia Daniela Di Toro (2)
2000 Netherlands Esther Vergeer
2001 Netherlands Esther Vergeer (2)
2002 Netherlands Esther Vergeer (3)
2003 Netherlands Esther Vergeer (4)
2004 Netherlands Esther Vergeer (5)
2005 Netherlands Esther Vergeer (6)
2006 Netherlands Esther Vergeer (7)
2007 Netherlands Esther Vergeer (8)
2008 Netherlands Esther Vergeer (9)
2009 Netherlands Esther Vergeer (10)
2010 Netherlands Esther Vergeer (11)
2011 Netherlands Esther Vergeer (12)
2012 Netherlands Esther Vergeer (13)
2013 Netherlands Aniek van Koot
2014 Japan Yui Kamiji
2015 Netherlands Jiske Griffioen
2016 Netherlands Jiske Griffioen (2)
2017 Japan Yui Kamiji (2)
2018 Netherlands Diede de Groot
2019 Netherlands Diede de Groot (2)
2020 No award due to COVID-19 pandemic
2021 Netherlands Diede de Groot (3)
2022 Netherlands Diede de Groot (4)
2023 Netherlands Diede de Groot (5)

Quad's wheelchair

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Year Player
2017 United States David Wagner
2018 Australia Dylan Alcott
2019 Australia Dylan Alcott (2)
2020 No award due to COVID-19 pandemic
2021 Australia Dylan Alcott (3)
2022 Netherlands Niels Vink
2023 Netherlands Niels Vink (2)

See also

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References

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ITF Constitution
  • Fecci, Vicki (6 January 2010). "Memorandum, Articles of Association and Bye-laws of ITF LIMITED; Trading as the International Tennis Federation" (PDF). Nassau, Bahamas: ITF. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2013.

Footnotes

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  1. ^ a b ITF Constitution, p.26, Rule 2.2(a)(iii)
  2. ^ "ITF opt for Hewitt and Capriati". BBC Online. 2 December 2001. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  3. ^ ITF Constitution, p.53 Appendix E
  4. ^ "Rafael Nadal, Garbine Muguruza win ITF Player of the Year awards". ESPN.com. 2017-12-08. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  5. ^ ITF Constitution, p.29: Article 29(a)
  6. ^ ITF Constitution, p.38 Regulation 3.1
  7. ^ ITF Constitution, Appendix E, pp.53, 60
  8. ^ "ITF Tennis - WHEELCHAIR - Articles - ITF to honour quad wheelchair world champions". www.itftennis.com. Archived from the original on 2017-12-13.
  9. ^ Gillen, Nancy (1 April 2020). "Santana and Stolle receive ITF Philippe Chatrier Award". Inside the Games. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
  10. ^ "World Champions Dinner". ITF. 2013. Archived from the original on 16 August 2013. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  11. ^ a b c "Borg: Sitting on top of the World". Evening Independent. St. Petersburg, Florida. Associated Press. 17 January 1979. p. 11C. Retrieved 20 December 2013 – via Google News Archive.
  12. ^ "ITF celebrates 2019 World Champions". www.itftennis.com. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
  13. ^ a b Joe Jares (February 13, 1978). "Champion by committee". Sports Illustrated. Vol. 48, no. 8. p. 11.
  14. ^ "Wind, Herbert Warren (15 February 1978). "The Sports Scene: Budge and the Grand Slam". The New Yorker. Vol. 63. p. 76.
  15. ^ UPI (17 January 1984). "McEnroe tapped as world's best". The Bulletin. Bend, Oregon. p. D-1. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  16. ^ "McEnroe crowned World Champ by tennis panel". Gainesville Sun. 17 January 1985. p. 3E. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  17. ^ a b Fogarty, Mark (21 January 1986). "All the awards, plus a rebuke". The Age. p. 48. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  18. ^ "It's official: Lendl best in world". Boca Raton News. 11 December 1986. p. 4D. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  19. ^ a b "Lendl, not Edberg, named tennis world champion". Moscow-Pullman Daily News. Associated Press. 18 December 1990. p. 1C. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  20. ^ a b Tennis (in French) (179). France. February 1991. On' a choisi de sanctionner un champion qui n'avait pas craint d'avouer publiquement le peu d'importance qu'il accordait à la Coupe du Grand Chelem, la fameuse invention de la FIT pour 'casser' l'ATP Tour. (It was decided to punish a champion who was not afraid to admit publicly how little he thought of the Grand Slam Cup, the famous ITF invention to 'break' the ATP Tour) {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  21. ^ "Williams and Djokovic named 2013 ITF World Champion". ITF. 18 December 2013. Archived from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
  22. ^ Ron Rosen (January 17, 1978). "Fie to Computers, Let People Decide". Washington Post.
  23. ^ Flink, Steve (30 September 2003). "Obituaries: Althea Gibson". The Independent. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
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