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{{wiktionarypar2|I}} |
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{{Latin alphabet navbox|uc=I|lc=i}} |
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{{otherusesof}} |
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{{dablink|Due to technical restrictions, [[ı]], the lowercase [[Dotted and dotless I|dotless i]], redirects here.}} |
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'''I''' is the ninth [[Letter (alphabet)|letter]] of the [[Latin alphabet]]. Its [[English language|English]] name is ''i'' ({{pronEng|aɪ}}). |
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==History== |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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|- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |
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! Egyptian hieroglyph {{unicode|ˁ}} |
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! Proto-Semitic Y |
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! Phoenician Y |
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! Etruscan I |
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! Greek Iota |
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! Old Turkic ı/i |
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|----- |
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|<hiero>D36</hiero> |
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|[[Image:Proto-semiticI-02.png]] |
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|[[Image:PhoenicianI-01.png]] |
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|[[Image:EtruscanI-01.png]] |
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|[[Image:Iota uc lc.svg|75px]] |
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|[[Image:Old turkic letter I.svg|75px]] |
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|} |
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In [[Semitic]], the letter ''Yôdh'' was probably originally a [[pictogram]] for an arm with hand, derived from a similar [[Egyptian hieroglyph|hieroglyph]] that had the value of a [[voiced pharyngeal fricative]] ({{IPA|/ʕ/}}) in Egyptian, but was reassigned to {{IPA|/j/}} (as in English "'''y'''es") by Semites, because their word for "arm" began with that sound. This [[Letter (alphabet)|letter]] could also be used for the [[vowel]] sound {{IPA|/i/}}, mainly in foreign words. |
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The Greeks adopted a form of this Phoenician ''yodh'' as their letter ''[[iota]]'' (Ι, ι). It stood for the vowel {{IPA|/i/}}, the same as in the [[Old Italic alphabet]]. In Latin (as in Modern Greek), it was also used for the consonant sound of {{IPA|/j/}}. The modern letter [[J]] was originally a variation of this letter, and both were interchangeably used for both the vowel and the consonant, only coming to be differentiated in the [[16th century]]. |
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In modern English, I represents different sounds, mainly a "long" diphthong {{IPA|/aɪ/}}, that developed from Middle English {{IPA|/iː/}} after the [[Great Vowel Shift]] of the [[15th century]], as well as the "short", open {{IPA|/ɪ/}} as in "bill". The dot over the lowercase 'i' is sometimes called a ''[[tittle]]''. In the [[Turkish alphabet]], dotted and [[dotless I]] are considered separate letters and both have uppercase (I, [[I-dot|İ]]) and lowercase (ı, i) forms. |
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==Use in Germany== |
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Some German typefaces of the [[fraktur (script)|fraktur]] or [[schwabacher]] types, which have been obsolete since the end of the [[Second World War]], do not necessarily distinguish between the capital I and J. The same character, a 'J' with a top [[serif]] of the [[tilde]] form, was sometimes used for both. The minuscule i and j, however, were distinguished. |
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In Germany, [[Roman numerals]] are often used for numbering. When listing things by capital letters of the alphabet, they avoid using the letter I, skipping over to J, to avoid confusion with the alternative Roman numeral numbering system. For example, in every regiment in the German Army there is what would be expressed in English as a "J company" but no "I company." |
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==Codes for computing== |
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{{Letter |
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|NATO=India |
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|Morse=·· |
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|Character=I9 |
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|Braille=⠊ |
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}} |
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In [[Unicode]] the [[majuscule|capital]] I is codepoint U+0049 and the [[lower case]] i is U+0069. |
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The [[ASCII]] code for capital I is 73 and for lowercase i is 105; or in [[Binary numeral system|binary]] 01001001 and 01101001, respectively. |
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The [[EBCDIC]] code for capital I is 201 and for lowercase i is 137. |
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The [[numeric character reference]]s in [[HTML]] and [[XML]] are "<tt>&#73;</tt>" and "<tt>&#105;</tt>" for upper and lower case, respectively. |
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==See also== |
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{{Commons|I}} |
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*[[Tittle]] |
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*[[Turkish dotted and dotless I]] |
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*[[Individual-i]] |
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*[[I (Cyrillic)|И, и - I (Cyrillic)]] |
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==References== |
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{{Unreferenced|date=October 2008}} |
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{{Latin alphabet}} |
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[[Category:Latin letters]] |
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[[Category:Vowel letters]] |
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[[af:I]] |
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[[als:I]] |
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[[ar:I]] |
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[[an:I]] |
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[[arc:I]] |
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[[ast:I]] |
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[[az:I]] |
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[[be:I, літара]] |
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[[bs:I]] |
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[[br:I (lizherenn)]] |
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[[ca:I]] |
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[[cs:I]] |
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[[co:I]] |
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[[cy:I]] |
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[[da:I]] |
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[[de:I]] |
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[[el:I]] |
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[[es:I]] |
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[[eo:I]] |
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[[eu:I]] |
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[[fa:I]] |
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[[fr:I (lettre)]] |
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[[fur:I]] |
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[[gan:I]] |
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[[gd:I]] |
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[[gl:I]] |
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[[ko:I]] |
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[[hr:I]] |
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[[ilo:I]] |
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[[is:I]] |
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[[it:I]] |
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[[he:I]] |
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[[ka:I]] |
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[[kw:I]] |
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[[sw:I]] |
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[[ht:I]] |
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[[la:I]] |
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[[lv:I]] |
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[[lt:I]] |
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[[hu:I]] |
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[[mzn:I]] |
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[[ms:I]] |
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[[nah:I]] |
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[[nl:I (letter)]] |
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[[ja:I]] |
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[[no:I]] |
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[[nn:I]] |
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[[nrm:I]] |
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[[uz:I (harf)]] |
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[[pl:I]] |
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[[pt:I]] |
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[[ro:I]] |
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[[qu:I]] |
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[[ru:I (латиница)]] |
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[[se:I]] |
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[[scn:I]] |
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[[simple:I]] |
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[[sk:I]] |
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[[sl:I]] |
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[[sr:I (слово латинице)]] |
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[[fi:I]] |
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[[sv:I]] |
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[[tl:I]] |
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[[th:I]] |
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[[vi:I]] |
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[[tr:I (harf)]] |
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[[uk:I (латиниця)]] |
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[[vo:I]] |
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[[yo:I]] |
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[[zh-yue:I]] |
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[[bat-smg:I]] |
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[[zh:I]] |
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