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John Hutchinson (botanist)

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John Hutchinson
Born(1884-04-07)7 April 1884
Wark on Tyne, Northumberland
Died2 September 1972(1972-09-02) (aged 88)
London
Known forHutchinson system
AwardsFellow of the Royal Society (1947)[1]
Darwin-Wallace Medal (Silver, 1958)
Linnean Medal (1965)
Scientific career
FieldsBotany
Author abbrev. (botany)Hutch.

John Hutchinson, OBE, FRS (7 April 1884 Blindburn, Northumberland – 2 September 1972 London) was an English botanist, taxonomist and author.[1][2][3][4]

The standard author abbreviation Hutch. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.[5]

Life and career

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Born in Blindburn, Wark on Tyne, Northumberland, England, he received his horticultural training in Northumberland and Durham and was appointed a student gardener at Kew in 1904. His taxonomic and drawing skills were soon noticed and resulted in his being appointed to the Herbarium in 1905. He moved from assistant in the Indian section to assistant for Tropical Africa, returning to Indian botany from 1915 to 1919, and from then on was in charge of the African section until 1936 when he was appointed Keeper of the Museums of Botany at Kew. He retired in 1948 but continued working on the phylogeny of flowering plants and publishing two parts of The Genera of Flowering Plants.

John Hutchinson proposed a radical revision of the angiosperm classification systems devised by Joseph Dalton Hooker and that of Adolf Engler and Karl Anton Eugen Prantl which had become widely accepted during the 20th century. At its simplest, his system suggested two main divisions of angiosperms, herbaceous and woody.

Hutchinson made two extended collecting trips to South Africa, which were recounted in great detail in A Botanist in Southern Africa.[2] His first visit was from August 1928 to April 1929, and the second from June 1930 to September 1930 on which occasion the expedition travelled north as far as Lake Tanganyika.

Awards

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Personal life

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Hutchinson was married and had two sons and three daughters, one of whom lived in South Africa. He spent his leisure time roaming the English countryside with his wife in a caravan drawing wild flowers.

At his funeral a wreath largely made of South African flowers was sent by his colleagues at the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew.

First Southern Africa trip August 1928 – April 1929

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Hutchinson arrived in Table Bay and spent the first few weeks collecting in and around Cape Town and Table Mountain, with short trips further afield. His first lengthy trip was to Namaqualand and Bushmanland with fellow botanist and succulent specialist, Neville Stuart Pillans. Back in Cape Town he purchased a small Citroën car and set off on 30 October in the company of Rudolf Marloth, who left them at Barrydale, and Jan Gillett, the son of Arthur Gillett at the University of Oxford (one of the founders of Oxfam). On this occasion their route followed the southern Cape coast as far as Port Elizabeth. Here Gillett's place was taken by Robert Allen Dyer and the route veered inland to Grahamstown and Katberg, then back to the coast, visiting Butterworth, Port St Johns, Kokstad, Pietermaritzburg and Durban. From here Hutchinson travelled on his own and in Pretoria joined up with General Smuts, who was a keen and knowledgeable botanist, to the far northern Transvaal to explore Lake Fundudzi, sacred to the Venda people.

Second African trip June 1930 – September 1930

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Having met Hutchinson on his previous visit to South Africa, General Smuts invited him to join a party consisting of Margaret Clark Gillett with two of her sons, Jan and Anthony, on a trip to Lake Tanganyika. They set off from Irene on 28 June 1930 in a convoy of seven vehicles and were joined at Beit Bridge by Illtyd Buller Pole-Evans. They collected all the way to Lake Tanganyika and then retraced their route to Broken Hill, where Hutchinson boarded a goods train to Elizabethville (Lubumbashi). On his return to Pretoria, and with time in hand, he set off on a trip to the Soutpansberg with Jan Gillett. Then followed a week in the Drakensberg, climbing to the top of Mont-aux-Sources with two fellow botanists, Ms. Verdoorn and Ms. Forbes. A final flurry of collecting at Botha's Hill near Durban, and Port Elizabeth, saw the end of a fruitful visit.

  • 16 July Kaloswe
  • 16 July Mpika
  • 17 July Zambesi River
  • 17 July Kasama
  • 18 July Mbala (Abercorn)
  • 20 July Tom's Village, Lake Tanganyika
  • 20 July Mpulungu
  • 21 July near Lunzua River
  • 22 July 11 miles S of Lake Tanganyika
  • 23 July 6 miles N of Kasama
  • 24 July Koloswe
  • 25 July Chiwefwe
  • 30 July Sakania, Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • 2 August Lubumbashi (Elizabethville)
  • 8 August Matopo
  • 18 August Louis Trichardt
  • 18 August Goede Hoop
  • 19 August Klein Australie, Soutpansberg
  • 20 August Entabeni; Palmary; Pepiti Falls
  • 23 August Crewe Farm, West Soutpansberg
  • 24 August on granite koppie near Matoks
  • 3 September Botha's Hill, KwaZulu-Natal

List of selected publications

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Books

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Articles

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Hubbard, C. E. (1975). "John Hutchinson, 7 April 1884 – 2 September 1972". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 21: 345–365. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1975.0009. S2CID 85985378.
  2. ^ a b A Botanist in Southern Africa John Hutchinson (London, 1946)
  3. ^ Botanical Exploration of Southern Africa Mary Gunn and LE Codd (Balkema 1981) ISBN 0-86961-129-1
  4. ^ Systematic botany history Archived 1 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ International Plant Names Index.  Hutch.
  6. ^ "Home". tropicalbio.org.
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