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Michael Henry Temple

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Michael Henry Temple (sometimes Henry Michael Temple) (1862–1928) was an English journalist and author. He is now known as the inventor of the chess variant Kriegspiel.

Life

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He was the son of Charles Temple of Douglas, Isle of Man, Bengal Civil Service, and Hannah Maria Sadler, youngest daughter of Michael Thomas Sadler;[1][2] He was born at Douglas in March 1862,[3] and educated at Leeds Grammar School from age nine, living then in Headingley.[4]

Temple matriculated at Keble College, Oxford in 1881, graduating B.A. in 1884. He was called to the bar at the Inner Temple in 1886.[1] He went the North-Eastern Circuit.[4]

Temple joined the staff of The Globe around 1888, and became its chief leader writer.[5][6] In 1903 he was living in King's Bench Walk, London, but not calling himself a barrister.[7] In 1908 he was living in Ongar, Essex.[8]

In 1917 Leopold Maxse began to edit The Globe, covertly, starting a period of expansion of the newspaper's circulation that ended in 1921 when it was taken over by the Pall Mall Gazette.[9] Temple wrote for Maxse's National Review, in 1918 publishing articles there on "The Failure of the Church" and "The Bee as a Bolshevist" (reprinted 1919 as "The Bolshevik Bee", Lotus Magazine).[10][11][12]

Temple died at Ferring on 25 October 1928.[13]

Politics

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At university, Temple attempted to become President of the Oxford Union, losing out to Anthony Hope.[5] He was appointed one of the two initial secretaries of the political committee of the National Conservative Club, with T. O. Hastings Lee, their duties including support of parliamentary candidates, in 1887.[14] That year, he took part in the Hampstead Parliamentary Debating Society.[15]

Temple spoke on tithes and Welsh disestablishment to the York Church Institute in 1888;[16] that year he took part in a debate at the Kensington Parliament on House of Lords reform.[17] In 1889 he addressed the Islington branch of the Primrose League on political economy.[18] In the 1891 Northampton by-election caused by the death of Charles Bradlaugh, he campaigned for the Unionist candidate Robert Arthur Germaine of the Inner Temple, who lost heavily to the Liberal Philip Manfield.[19][20][21]

In 1892, Temple was a Moderate candidate for Finsbury East in the London County Council election.[22][23] The other candidate on the Moderate slate was James Toleman of Goswell Road; a newspaper report in February stated that Temple "appears to be totally unknown" in the area.[24] He addressed the Acton Conservative Association in March.[25] The successful candidates were the Earl of Rosebery and John Williams Benn for the Progressive Party.[26]

For a period at least from 1898 to 1911, Temple was secretary of the Political Committee of the Constitutional Club.[8][27][28][29] In a club debate with Arthur Steel-Maitland on reform of the House of Lords in 1911, he spoke in favour of an elected Senate.[29]

Works

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Illustration from Clara in Blunderland, representing Sir William Harcourt as the Walrus,[30] after a Tenniel engraving for The Walrus and the Carpenter by Lewis Carroll

With R. W. Barnett, Temple wrote the words to the patriotic song "What is Our Own We'll Hold", set to music by Charles K. Harris and performed by Leo Stormont.[40] Stormont's performances of it with "Rule Britannia", at the Tivoli Theatre, dressed as an admiral, were part of the upsurge of anti-German feeling in the aftermath of the Kruger telegram of January 1896.[41]

Kriegspiel

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The invention of the Kriegspiel chess variant is attributed to Temple, prompted by the suggestion in 1898 mooted by members of the Knight Lights Club that they should play a "wargame". The club's interests were chess and acrostics, and they met in the Cock Tavern on Fleet Street, London, a public house frequented by journalists. Interest in actually playing Kriegspiel seems to have awaited the outbreak of the Boer War in 1899.[42] He is cited as Henry Michael Temple (1862–1928) in the Oxford Companion to Chess.[43] The name is taken from the German Kriegsspiel, and the underlying concept is said to be of Swiss origin, in 1811.[44]

Family

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Temple married in 1908 Margaret Ellen E. Ferrar, daughter of William Grey Ferrar, MICE, and sister of the Rev. William John Ferrar who married them at Bethnal Green.[5][8][45][46][47]

Notes

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  1. ^ a b Foster, Joseph (1888–1892). "Temple, Michael Henry" . Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715–1886. Oxford: Parker and Co – via Wikisource.
  2. ^ The Monthly Record of births, deaths, & marriages (and Alphabetical list of estates of deceased persons). January 1861. p. 200.
  3. ^ Foster, Joseph (1893). Oxford Men, 1880-1892: With a Record of Their Schools, Honours, and Degrees. J. Parker. p. 593.
  4. ^ a b Leeds Grammar School (Leeds, England); Matthews, John Henry Dudley; Thompson, Vincent (1897). The register of the Leeds grammar school, 1820-1896. Leeds, Printed by J. Laycock and sons. p. 116.
  5. ^ a b c "Men and Matters: Interesting Wedding". Globe. 11 January 1908. p. 2.
  6. ^ Simonis, H. (1917). The Street of Ink : an intimate history of journalism. New York : Funk & Wagnalls. p. 98.
  7. ^ Boyle's fashionable court & country guide, and town visiting directory. London, Court Guide Office. 1903. p. 159.
  8. ^ a b c "An Interesting Wedding". Chelmsford Chronicle. 24 January 1908. p. 4.
  9. ^ Thompson, Andrew S. "Maxse, Leopold James". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34956. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  10. ^ Faxon, Frederick Winthrop; Bates, Mary Estella; Sutherland, Anne C. Annual magazine subject-index, including as part II, the Dramatic index. 1908-49. Boston, F. W. Faxon Co. [etc.] p. 58.
  11. ^ Faxon, Frederick Winthrop; Bates, Mary Estella; Sutherland, Anne C. Annual magazine subject-index, including as part II, the Dramatic index. 1908-49. Boston, F. W. Faxon Co. [etc.]
  12. ^ Temple, M. H. (1919). "The Bolshevik Bee". The Lotus Magazine. 10 (2): 56–60. ISSN 2150-5977. JSTOR 20561827.
  13. ^ "n/a". West Sussex County Times. 3 November 1928. p. 3.
  14. ^ "Inauguration of the National Conservative Club". Morning Post. 7 March 1887. p. 3.
  15. ^ "Hampstead Parliament". Hampstead & Highgate Express. 10 December 1887. p. 5.
  16. ^ "York Church Institute". No. Yorkshire Gazette. 7 January 1888. p. 7.
  17. ^ "Kensington Parliament". West London Observer. 31 March 1888. p. 5.
  18. ^ ""St. Mary's" Habitation of the Primrose League". Islington Gazette. 19 November 1889. p. 3.
  19. ^ "The Northampton Election". Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser. 10 February 1891. p. 5.
  20. ^ Koss, Stephen E. (2 October 1970). Sir John Brunner: Radical Plutocrat 1842-1919. CUP Archive. p. 139.
  21. ^  Foster, Joseph (1885). "Germaine, Robert Arthur" . Men-at-the-Bar  (second ed.). London: Hazell, Watson, and Viney.
  22. ^ Robinson, Emily (2015). "Defining Progressive Politics: Municipal Socialism and Anti-Socialism in Contestation, 1889-1939". Journal of the History of Ideas. 76 (4): 616 note 45. doi:10.1353/jhi.2015.0029. ISSN 0022-5037. JSTOR 43948763. S2CID 145355889.
  23. ^ "The County Council Election". St James's Gazette. 4 March 1892. p. 12.
  24. ^ "County Council Candidates". Daily Telegraph & Courier (London). 27 February 1892. p. 3.
  25. ^ "Speech by Mr. M. H. Temple". Acton Gazette. 2 April 1892. p. 8.
  26. ^ "London County Council Elections". Morning Post. 7 March 1892. p. 5.
  27. ^ "Lord Salisbury and Foreign Policy". London Evening Standard. 17 December 1898. p. 3.
  28. ^ "The Future of South Africa". Morning Post. 30 November 1899. p. 8.
  29. ^ a b "Character of the Reform". Globe. 2 March 1911. p. 3.
  30. ^ a b Hannah, Heather Anne (2018). "Male use of a female pseudonym in nineteenth-century British and American literature" (PDF). researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au. Murdoch University. p. 132.
  31. ^ Begbie, Harold; Temple, M. H.; Ransome, Stafford (1902). Clara in Blunderland. William Heinemann.
  32. ^ Who's who year-book for 1905. London, A. & C. Black. 1905. p. 94.
  33. ^ Lewis, Caroline (1903). Lost in Blunderland: The Further Adventures of Clara. William Heinemann.
  34. ^ Alternative Alices: Visions and Revisions of Lewis Carroll's Alice Books : an Anthology. University Press of Kentucky. 340. ISBN 978-0-8131-2746-0.
  35. ^ Reginald, Robert (1979). Science Fiction and Fantasy Literature. Vol. I. Detroit: Gale Research Compant. p. 432. ISBN 9780941028769.
  36. ^ Douglas-Fairhurst, Robert (15 August 2016). The Story of Alice: Lewis Carroll and the Secret History of Wonderland. Harvard University Press. p. 228. ISBN 978-0-674-97076-2.
  37. ^ Glover, Julian (15 June 2007). "Name-calling at No 10". The Guardian.
  38. ^ The Coronation Nonsense Book, in the Style of the Old "Book of Nonsense" by the Late Edward Lear. By the Poet and Painter of "Clara in Blunderland." [Written by M.H. Temple and Harold Begbie? and Illustrated by Stafford Ransome.]. William Heinemann. 1902.
  39. ^ Temple, Michael (1922). Shallowdale: Ourselves, Our Friends and Our Village. H. Jenkins limited.
  40. ^ "A New Patriotic Song". Aberdeen Press and Journal. 17 January 1896. p. 5.
  41. ^ Longson, Patrick. "The Rise of the German Menace: Imperial Anxiety and British Popular Culture, 1896-1903" (PDF). etheses.bham.ac.uk. University of Birmingham. p. 53.
  42. ^ Pritchard, D. B. (2007). The Classified Encyclopedia of Chess Variants (PDF) (2nd ed.). p. 33.
  43. ^ Hooper, David; Whyld, Ken (1992). The Oxford Companion to Chess. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-866164-1.
  44. ^ Chess. Chess. 1972. p. 92.
  45. ^ "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  46. ^ Foster, Joseph (1893). Oxford men & their colleges. Oxford : J. Parker. p. 205.
  47. ^ "Marriages". London Evening Standard. 16 January 1908. p. 1.
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