Health at Every Size: Difference between revisions
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Note: This Wikipedia entry contains only biased information in favor of HAES, which is a program preaching that it's "healthy" to weigh anything, including in excess of 500lbs. This is by no means true. Please consult your doctor on issues of weight, not internet groups dedicated to making everyone feel good regardless of the truth. |
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'''Health at Every Size''' (HAES) is a health centered (as opposed to weight centered) system that focuses on [[intuitive eating]] and pleasurable [[physical activity]] rather than [[dieting]] and [[weight loss]]. It was conceived by Linda Bacon in 2005.<ref>{{cite book|last=Reel|first=Justine|title=Eating Disorders: An Encyclopedia of Causes, Treatment, and Prevention|page=231|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=0IJ7VWTAfqcC&oi=fnd&pg=PA231&dq=health+at+every+size&ots=QAujI97lz1&sig=Wsyu4agqyInb-B-yF9oVk8D7mDA#v=onepage&q=health%20at%20every%20size&f=false}}</ref> Because the [[fat acceptance movement]] rejects the concept of dieting for weight loss, HAES is strongly promoted as a way for obese people to feel confident and positive about themselves without focusing on weight loss.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance]] |title=NAAFA Policy Recommendations |url=http://www.naafaonline.com/dev2/education/index.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite newspaper |title=Activists See Diet Industry as Drain on Money, Self-Esteem|newspaper=USA Today |url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2004-08-02-overwight-protest_x.htm |date=August 2, 2004 |agency=Associated Press}}</ref> |
'''Health at Every Size''' (HAES) is a health centered (as opposed to weight centered) system that focuses on [[intuitive eating]] and pleasurable [[physical activity]] rather than [[dieting]] and [[weight loss]]. It was conceived by Linda Bacon in 2005.<ref>{{cite book|last=Reel|first=Justine|title=Eating Disorders: An Encyclopedia of Causes, Treatment, and Prevention|page=231|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=0IJ7VWTAfqcC&oi=fnd&pg=PA231&dq=health+at+every+size&ots=QAujI97lz1&sig=Wsyu4agqyInb-B-yF9oVk8D7mDA#v=onepage&q=health%20at%20every%20size&f=false}}</ref> Because the [[fat acceptance movement]] rejects the concept of dieting for weight loss, HAES is strongly promoted as a way for obese people to feel confident and positive about themselves without focusing on weight loss.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance]] |title=NAAFA Policy Recommendations |url=http://www.naafaonline.com/dev2/education/index.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite newspaper |title=Activists See Diet Industry as Drain on Money, Self-Esteem|newspaper=USA Today |url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2004-08-02-overwight-protest_x.htm |date=August 2, 2004 |agency=Associated Press}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 01:23, 28 July 2013
Note: This Wikipedia entry contains only biased information in favor of HAES, which is a program preaching that it's "healthy" to weigh anything, including in excess of 500lbs. This is by no means true. Please consult your doctor on issues of weight, not internet groups dedicated to making everyone feel good regardless of the truth.
Health at Every Size (HAES) is a health centered (as opposed to weight centered) system that focuses on intuitive eating and pleasurable physical activity rather than dieting and weight loss. It was conceived by Linda Bacon in 2005.[1] Because the fat acceptance movement rejects the concept of dieting for weight loss, HAES is strongly promoted as a way for obese people to feel confident and positive about themselves without focusing on weight loss.[2][3]
Overview
The major components of HAES are:
- Self-Acceptance: Affirmation and reinforcement of human beauty and worth irrespective of differences in weight, physical size and shape.
- Physical Activity: Support for increasing social, pleasure-based movement for enjoyment and enhanced quality of life.
- Normalized Eating: Support for discarding externally-imposed rules and regimens for eating and attaining a more peaceful relationship with food by relearning to eat in response to physiological hunger and fullness cues.[4]
Health at Every Size also acknowledges the social, emotional, spiritual, and physical factors that affect health and happiness.[5]
Scientific evidence
Recent evidence from scientific studies have provided rationales for a shift in focus in health management from a weight loss to a weight-neutral outcome.[6] In 2005, a study of around 3000 Finns over an 18-year period showed that weight loss from dieting can result in increased mortality, while those who maintained their weight fared the best.[7][8] Similar conclusions are drawn by other studies where intentional weight loss is found to be associated with slightly increased mortality for healthy individuals and the slightly overweight but not obese.[9][6][10] This may reflect the loss of subcutaneous fat and beneficial mass from organs and muscle in addition to visceral fat when there is a sudden and dramatic weight loss.[8] Intentional weight loss appears to be of benefit only to those classified as unhealthy; for those who are obese but otherwise healthy the effect of weight loss is neutral.[9] Good nutrition, social support, access to medical care, and exercise lower health risks, regardless of whether weight loss occurs.[11]
References
- ^ Reel, Justine. Eating Disorders: An Encyclopedia of Causes, Treatment, and Prevention. p. 231.
- ^ "NAAFA Policy Recommendations". National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance.
- ^ "Activists See Diet Industry as Drain on Money, Self-Esteem". USA Today. Associated Press. August 2, 2004.
- ^ Robison, Jon (2005). "Health at Every Size: Toward a New Paradigm of Weight and Health". Medscape General Medicine. 7 (3): 13. PMC 1681635. PMID 16369239.
- ^ Robison, Jon (2007). "Health At Every Size: a compassionate, effective approach for helping individuals with weight-related concerns--Part II". American Association of Occupational Health Nurses. 55 (5): 185–192.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ a b Bacon L, Aphramor L. (2011). "Weight science: evaluating the evidence for a paradigm shift". Nutr J. 10:9. PMC 3041737.
{{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=(help) - ^ Sørensen TI, Rissanen A, Korkeila M, Kaprio J (2005). "Intention to Lose Weight, Weight Changes, and 18-y Mortality in Overweight Individuals without Co-Morbidities". PLoS Medicine. 2 (6, e171). PMC 1160579.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Kendall Powell (2007 May 31). "The Two Faces of Fat". Nature. 447 (7144): 525–7. PMID 17538594.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ a b Harrington M, Gibson S, Cottrell RC (2009). "A review and meta-analysis of the effect of weight loss on all-cause mortality risk". 22 (1): 93–108. PMID 19555520.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help); Text "Nutr Res Rev." ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Ingram DD, Mussolino ME. (2010). "Weight loss from maximum body weight and mortality: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Linked Mortality File". Int J Obes. 34: 1044–1050. PMID 20212495.
- ^ The Fat Studies Reader. p. 49.
Further reading
- Bacon, Linda (2010). Health at Every Size: The Surprising Truth About Your Weight. Dallas: BenBella Books. ISBN 978-1-933771-58-8.
- Campos, Paul (2004). The Obesity Myth: Why America's Obsession with Weight is Hazardous to Your Health. New York: Gotham Books. ISBN 978-1-59240-066-9.
- Campos, P.; Saguy, A; Ernsberger, P; Oliver, E; Gaesser, G (2005). "The epidemiology of overweight and obesity: Public health crisis or moral panic?". International Journal of Epidemiology. 35 (1): 55–60. doi:10.1093/ije/dyi254. PMID 16339599.
- DePatie, Jeanette (2011). The Fat Chick Works Out! Fitness that's Fun and Feasible for Folks of all Ages, Shapes, Sizes and Abilities. Monrovia: Real Big Publishing. ISBN 978-1-933771-58-8.
- Ernsberger, P; Haskew, P (1987). "Health implications of obesity: An alternative view". Journal of Obesity and Weight Regulation. 6 (2): 55–137. ISSN 0731-4361.
- Glenn A. (2006). "Fatness, Fitness & Health: A Closer Look At The Evidence" (PDF). Absolute Advantage. 5 (3): 18–21.
- Garner, David M.; Wooley, Susan C. (1991). "Confronting the failure of behavioral and dietary treatments for obesity". Clinical Psychology Review. 11 (6): 729–80. doi:10.1016/0272-7358(91)90128-H.
- Robison, J (2006). "Health At Every Size" (PDF). Absolute Advantage. 5 (3): 8–13.
- Saguy, A. C. (2005). "Weighing Both Sides: Morality, Mortality, and Framing Contests over Obesity" (PDF). Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law. 30 (5): 869–921. doi:10.1215/03616878-30-5-869. PMID 16477791.
- Jonas, Steven; Konner, Linda (1997). Just the Weigh You Are: How to Be Fit and Healthy, Whatever Your Size. Shelburne: Chapters. ISBN 978-1-57630-026-8.