Hans Krebs (biochemist): Difference between revisions
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{{Other people2|Hans Krebs (disambiguation)}} |
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{{Infobox scientist |
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| name = Hans Adolf Krebs |
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| image = Hans Adolf Krebs.jpg |
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| image_size = 180px |
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| birth_date = {{birth date|1900|8|25|df=y}} |
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| birth_place = [[Hildesheim]], [[Germany]] |
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| nationality = Germany |
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| death_date = {{death date and age|1981|11|22|1900|8|25|df=y}} |
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| death_place = [[Oxford]], [[England]] |
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| field = [[Internal medicine]], [[biochemistry]] |
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| workplaces = [[Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Biology]]<br>[[University of Hamburg]]<br>[[Cambridge University]]<br>[[University of Sheffield]]<br>[[University of Oxford]] |
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| alma_mater = [[University of Göttingen]]<br>[[University of Freiburg]]<br>[[University of Berlin]]<br>[[University of Hamburg]] |
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| known_for = Discovery of the [[urea cycle]] and the [[citric acid cycle]] |
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| prizes = [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (1953) |
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}} |
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'''Sir Hans Adolf Krebs''' (25 August 1900 – 22 November 1981)<ref>{{cite doi|10.1098/rsbm.1984.0013}}</ref><ref>{{cite doi|10.1016/S0065-2571(00)00026-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite doi|10.1080/152165400300001462}}</ref><ref>{{cite doi|10.1016/S0140-6736(05)75758-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite pmid| 2056924}}</ref> was a German [[physician]] and [[biochemist]]. Krebs is best known for his identification of two important metabolic cycles: the [[urea cycle]] and the [[citric acid cycle]]. The latter, the key sequence of metabolic chemical reactions that produces energy in cells, is also known as the ''Krebs cycle'' and earned him a [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]] in 1953, which he shared with [[Fritz Lipmann]]. |
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==Early years== |
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Krebs was born in [[Hildesheim]], [[Germany]], to Georg Krebs, an [[Otolaryngology|ear, nose, and throat]] [[surgery|surgeon]], and Alma Davidson. He went to school in Hildesheim and studied [[medicine]] at the [[University of Göttingen]] and at the [[University of Freiburg]] from 1918–1923. He earned his Ph.D. at the [[University of Hamburg]] in 1925, then studied [[chemistry]] in [[Berlin]] for one year, where he later became an assistant of [[Otto Heinrich Warburg|Otto Warburg]] at the [[Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Biology]] until 1930. |
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==Career== |
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Krebs joined the German army in 1932, and was appointed to the 13th mechanized infantry division; until the Nazi party came to power in Germany Jews were welcome in the German army. Krebs returned to clinical medicine at the municipal hospital of [[Altona, Hamburg|Altona]] and then at the medical clinic of the [[University of Freiburg]], where he conducted research and discovered the [[urea cycle]]. Because he was Jewish, he was barred from practicing medicine in Germany and he emigrated to England in 1933. He was invited to [[Cambridge]], where he worked in the [[biochemistry]] department under [[Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins]] (1861–1947). Krebs became professor of biochemistry at the [[University of Sheffield]] in 1945. |
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Krebs's area of interest was intermediary [[metabolism]]. He identified the [[urea cycle]] in 1932, and the [[citric acid cycle]] in 1937 at the University of Sheffield. He moved to Oxford as Professor of Biochemistry in 1954 and after his retirement continued work at the [[Radcliffe Infirmary]], Oxford until his death. He was a fellow of [[Trinity College, Oxford|Trinity College]]. |
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In 1953 he received the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize in Physiology]] for his "discovery of the citric acid cycle." He was knighted in 1958. |
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He was elected Honorary Fellow of [[Girton College]], [[Cambridge University]] in 1979. |
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==Personal life == |
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Krebs was married in 1938 to Margaret Cicely Fieldhouse with whom he had three children: sons, [[John Krebs, Baron Krebs|John]] (later [[John Krebs, Baron Krebs|Baron Krebs]], an [[ornithologist]] and member of the [[House of Lords]]) and Paul, and daughter, Helen. Krebs died in [[Oxford]], [[England]] in 1981. |
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==Timeline== |
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*1900 Born in [[Germany]] |
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*1918 Began medical school |
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*1923 Graduated from medical school |
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*1925 Graduated with Ph.D. from [[University of Hamburg]] |
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*1932 Identification of [[Urea Cycle]] |
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*1933 Emigration to the United Kingdom |
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*1935 Appointed Lecturer in Pharmacology at [[University of Sheffield]] |
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*1937 Identification of [[Citric Acid Cycle]] or "Krebs Cycle" |
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*1945 Became a Professor at [[University of Sheffield]] |
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*1953 Won the [[Nobel Prize]] in Medicine |
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*1958 Knighted |
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*1981 Died in the United Kingdom |
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==See also== |
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*[[List of Jewish Nobel laureates]] |
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*[[Fritz Albert Lipmann]] |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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* [http://nobelprize.org/medicine/laureates/1953/krebs-bio.html Biography – Hans Adolf Krebs] Nobel Prize |
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* [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1953/ 1953 Prize in Physiology or Medicine] Nobel Prizes |
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* [http://www.oxfordshireblueplaques.org.uk/plaques/krebs.html Plaque to Krebs on his Iffley home] Oxfordshire Blue Plaques |
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{{Copley Medallists 1951-2000}} |
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{{Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Laureates 1951-1975}} |
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{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]] --> |
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| NAME =Krebs, Hans Adolf |
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| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = |
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| SHORT DESCRIPTION = |
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| DATE OF BIRTH =25 August 1900 |
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| PLACE OF BIRTH =[[Hildesheim]], [[Germany]] |
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| DATE OF DEATH =22 November 1981 |
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| PLACE OF DEATH =[[Oxford]], [[England]] |
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}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Krebs, Hans Adolf}} |
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[[Category:Academics of the University of Cambridge]] |
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[[Category:Academics of the University of Sheffield]] |
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[[Category:British Jews]] |
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[[Category:British biochemists]] |
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[[Category:British people of German descent]] |
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[[Category:British Nobel laureates]] |
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[[Category:Fellows of Girton College, Cambridge]] |
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[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]] |
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[[Category:German Jews]] |
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[[Category:German Nobel laureates]] |
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[[Category:Jewish scientists]] |
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[[Category:Jews who emigrated to the United Kingdom to escape Nazism]] |
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[[Category:Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom]] |
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[[Category:Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine]] |
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[[Category:People from Hildesheim]] |
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[[Category:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni]] |
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[[Category:People from the Province of Hanover]] |
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[[Category:Recipients of the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research]] |
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[[Category:Recipients of the Copley Medal]] |
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[[Category:Royal Medal winners]] |
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[[Category:University of Freiburg alumni]] |
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[[Category:University of Freiburg faculty]] |
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[[Category:University of Göttingen alumni]] |
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[[Category:University of Hamburg alumni]] |
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[[Category:Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni]] |
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[[Category:German emigrants to the United Kingdom]] |
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[[Category:1900 births]] |
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[[Category:1981 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Knights Bachelor]] |
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[[ar:هانس كريبس]] |
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[[be:Ханс Адольф Крэбс]] |
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[[bg:Ханс Адолф Кребс]] |
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[[ca:Hans Adolf Krebs]] |
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[[fa:هانس آدولف کربس]] |
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[[ko:핸스 애돌프 크레브스]] |
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[[pnb:ہاںز ایڈولف کربز]] |
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[[ru:Кребс, Ханс Адольф]] |
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[[zh:汉斯·阿道夫·克雷布斯]] |
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Revision as of 20:34, 6 September 2011
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