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Half Moon Bay, Auckland

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Coordinates: 36°53′05″S 174°53′55″E / 36.8847°S 174.8987°E / -36.8847; 174.8987
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Half Moon Bay
Suburb
Marina at Half Moon Bay, September 2018
Marina at Half Moon Bay, September 2018
Map
Coordinates: 36°53′05″S 174°53′55″E / 36.8847°S 174.8987°E / -36.8847; 174.8987
CountryNew Zealand
CityAuckland
Local authorityAuckland Council
Electoral wardHowick ward
Local boardHowick Local Board
Established1969
Area
[1]
 • Land262 ha (647 acres)
Population
 (June 2024)[2]
 • Total
8,330
Postcode(s)
2012
Ferry terminalsHalf Moon Bay Ferry Terminal
AirportsNone
(Tāmaki River) (Tāmaki River) Bucklands Beach
(Tāmaki River)
Half Moon Bay
 Mellons Bay
Farm Cove Pakuranga Heights Howick, Highland Park

Half Moon Bay, is a suburb of East Auckland, New Zealand, lying immediately south of Bucklands Beach. It is home to the Half Moon Bay Marina, where over 500 boats berth. It is located on the Tāmaki River in the Hauraki Gulf.

Geography

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Aerial view of Half Moon Bay and the marina in 1976

Half Moon Bay is located on the western side of a peninsula between the Tāmaki River and the Tāmaki Strait of the Hauraki Gulf.[3] The bay itself is found to the north of the suburb, and Wakaaranga Creek forms a border to the south.[4][5] Part of the shoreline of Half Moon Bay is a lava flow that was formed approximately 10,000 during the eruption of Maungarei.[6][7]

Ōhuiarangi / Pigeon Mountain is a 53 metre high volcano found in the centre of the suburb.[8] Part of the Auckland volcanic field, the volcano erupted an estimated 23,400 years ago.[7] The mountain was extensively quarried from 1913 to the 1970s, with the entire north half of the volcano removed.[9]

History

[edit]

Māori history

[edit]
Ōhuiarangi / Pigeon Mountain was an important defended pā site for Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki, surrounded by stonefield gardens

The Half Moon Bay area is part of the rohe of Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki, who descend from the crew of the Tainui migratory waka, who visited the area around the year 1300.[10] The mouth of the Tāmaki River was traditionally known as Te Wai ō Tāiki ("The Waters of Tāiki"), named after the Ngāi Tai ancestor Tāiki. Tāiki settled with his followers along the eastern shores of the Tāmaki River, alongside the descendants of Huiārangi of the early iwi Te Tini ō Maruiwi.[11]

Ōhuiarangi / Pigeon Mountain was an important pā site for Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki, named after ancestress Huiārangi, daughter of Tāmaki of Te Tini ō Maruiwi.[10] The slopes of the mountain and surrounding areas were home to extensive stonefield gardens, and the mountain was an important location for snaring kererū.[10] In approximately the first half of the 18th century, Ngāriki, a rangatira of Ngāi Tai, built a fortified pā at Te Naupata (Musick Point), the headland at the end of the peninsula, called Te Waiārohia (a shortening of Te Waiārohia ō Ngāriki).[11][12] The followers of Ngāriki also settled at the Ōhuiarangi pā.[13] From the 1790s, Te Rangitāwhia was the paramount chief of Ngāi Tai, whose principal residences were at Waiārohia and to the south at Ōhuiarangi / Pigeon Mountain.[11] After the village was attacked by Kapetaua of the related iwi Te Patukirikiri, Ngāi Tai built a smaller pā on the mountain.[10]

During the Musket Wars in the 1820s, the Half Moon Bay area was evacuated, and the lands became tapu to Ngāi Tai due to the events of the conflict.[14][15] Most members of Ngāi Tai fled to the Waikato for temporary refuge during this time, and when English missionary William Thomas Fairburn visited the area in 1833, it was mostly unoccupied.[16]

In 1836, William Thomas Fairburn brokered a land sale between Tāmaki Māori chiefs covering the majority of modern-day South Auckland, East Auckland and the Pōhutukawa Coast.[17] The sale was envisioned as a way to end hostilities in the area, but it is unclear what the chiefs understood or consented to. Māori continued to live in the area, unchanged by this sale.[18] In 1854 when Fairburn's purchase was investigated by the New Zealand Land Commission, a Ngāi Tai reserve was created around the Wairoa River and Umupuia areas, and as a part of the agreement, members of Ngāi Tai agreed to leave their traditional settlements to the west.[19][16]

European settlement

[edit]
New housing developing at Half Moon Bay in 1973

In 1847, Howick was established as a defensive outpost for Auckland, by fencibles (retired British Army soldiers) and their families.[20] The area was close to Tamaki Landing, the ferry launching point at Bucklands Beach that connected the area to Panmure and Point England.[21] The bay became known as Barn Bay, or Hancock's Bay, after Herbert John Hancock, a long time tenant of the major farm in the area.[22]

In the early 20th Century, Half Moon Bay became a popular location for picnicking.[22] In 1949, the King George V Memorial Health Camp was opened, as a location for children to recuperate from illness.[23][24] This led to the bay becoming known as Camp Bay.[22]

In 1967, Unit Subdividisons Ltd began subdividing the area, adopting the name Half Moon Bay.[22] A large-scale marina was established in the suburb, which officially opened in 1972.[25] In 1976, a shopping district was opened at the marina.[26]

The Bucklands Beach Yacht Club moved to Half Moon Bay, and opened new clubrooms in 1988.[27] The first ferry services between the Auckland City Centre and Half Moon Bay began in 1999.[28]

Demographics

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Half Moon Bay covers 2.62 km2 (1.01 sq mi)[1] and had an estimated population of 8,330 as of June 2024,[2] with a population density of 3,179 people per km2.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
20067,425—    
20137,806+0.72%
20188,106+0.76%
Source: [29]

Half Moon Bay had a population of 8,106 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 300 people (3.8%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 681 people (9.2%) since the 2006 census. There were 2,604 households, comprising 4,074 males and 4,035 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.01 males per female, with 1,602 people (19.8%) aged under 15 years, 1,572 (19.4%) aged 15 to 29, 3,861 (47.6%) aged 30 to 64, and 1,074 (13.2%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 50.8% European/Pākehā, 5.0% Māori, 3.6% Pacific peoples, 44.3% Asian, and 3.2% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 52.1, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 49.9% had no religion, 34.2% were Christian, 0.3% had Māori religious beliefs, 2.8% were Hindu, 1.9% were Muslim, 2.7% were Buddhist and 2.8% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 2,037 (31.3%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 753 (11.6%) people had no formal qualifications. 1,401 people (21.5%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 3,174 (48.8%) people were employed full-time, 930 (14.3%) were part-time, and 228 (3.5%) were unemployed.[29]

Individual statistical areas
Name Area
(km2)		 Population Density
(per km2)		 Households Median age Median
income
Half Moon Bay West 1.14 2,844 2,495 981 43.5 years $40,800[30]
Half Moon Bay North East 0.65 2,124 3,268 651 40.5 years $30,000[31]
Half Moon Bay South East 0.83 3,138 3,781 972 35.5 years $30,600[32]
New Zealand 37.4 years $31,800

Education

[edit]

Pakuranga College is a coeducational secondary school (years 9-13) with a roll of 2255 as of August 2024.[33][34]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "ArcGIS Web Application". statsnz.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Aotearoa Data Explorer". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
  3. ^ "Half Moon Bay". New Zealand Gazetteer. Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  4. ^ "Half Moon Bay". New Zealand Gazetteer. Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  5. ^ "Wakaaranga Creek". New Zealand Gazetteer. Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  6. ^ La Roche, Alan 2011, pp. 322.
  7. ^ a b Hopkins, Jenni L.; Smid, Elaine R.; Eccles, Jennifer D.; Hayes, Josh L.; Hayward, Bruce W.; McGee, Lucy E.; van Wijk, Kasper; Wilson, Thomas M.; Cronin, Shane J.; Leonard, Graham S.; Lindsay, Jan M.; Németh, Karoly; Smith, Ian E. M. (3 July 2021). "Auckland Volcanic Field magmatism, volcanism, and hazard: a review". New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 64 (2–3): 213–234. doi:10.1080/00288306.2020.1736102. hdl:2292/51323.
  8. ^ "Ōhuiarangi / Pigeon Mountain". New Zealand Gazetteer. Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  9. ^ "Ōhuiarangi". www.maunga.nz. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
  10. ^ a b c d Green, Nathew (2011). "From Hawaīki to Howick – A Ngāi Tai History". Grey's Folly: A History of Howick, Pakuranga, Bucklands-Eastern Beaches, East Tamaki, Whitford, Beachlands and Maraetai. By La Roche, Alan. Auckland: Tui Vale Productions. pp. 16–33. ISBN 978-0-473-18547-3. OCLC 1135039710.
  11. ^ a b c Green, Nat (2010). Ōtau: a Ngāi Tai Cultural Heritage Assessment of Clevedon Village, Wairoa Valley (PDF) (Report). Auckland Council. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  12. ^ La Roche, Alan 2011, pp. 133.
  13. ^ La Roche, Alan 2011, pp. 142.
  14. ^ Ngāi Tai Ki Tāmaki and the Trustees of the Ngāi Tai Ki Tāmaki Trust and the Crown (7 November 2015). "Deed of settlement schedule documents" (PDF). NZ Government. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
  15. ^ "Te Naupata / Musick Point". Heritage New Zealand. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  16. ^ a b Heritage Department of the Auckland Regional Council. "Duder Regional Park – Our History" (PDF). Auckland Council. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
  17. ^ "13 June 1865". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_0760. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
  18. ^ Moore, D; Rigby, B; Russell, M (July 1997). Rangahaua Whanui National Theme A: Old Land Claims (PDF) (Report). Waitangi Tribunal. Retrieved 5 March 2023.
  19. ^ Clough, Tom; Apfel, Aaron; Clough, Rod (June 2020). 109 Beachlands Road, Beachlands, Auckland: Preliminary Archaeological Assessment (PDF) (Report). Environmental Protection Authority. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  20. ^ La Roche, Alan 2011, pp. 48.
  21. ^ "24 November 1865". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_0796. Retrieved 21 June 2023.
  22. ^ a b c d La Roche, Alan 2011, pp. 138.
  23. ^ "10 December 1949". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_3060. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  24. ^ "History of Howick, Pakuranga and surrounding areas". Howick Welcome Guide. Howick and Pakuranga Times. 11 April 2005. Archived from the original on 20 February 2008.
  25. ^ "3 December 1969". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_4404. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  26. ^ "9 December 1976". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_4980. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  27. ^ "29 May 1988". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_5806. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  28. ^ "10 May 1999". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. MJ_6574. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  29. ^ a b "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Half Moon Bay West (147800), Half Moon Bay North East (148800) and Half Moon Bay South East (149300).
  30. ^ 2018 Census place summary: Half Moon Bay West
  31. ^ 2018 Census place summary: Half Moon Bay North East
  32. ^ 2018 Census place summary: Half Moon Bay South East
  33. ^ "New Zealand Schools Directory". New Zealand Ministry of Education. Retrieved 17 September 2024.
  34. ^ Education Counts: Pakuranga College


Bibliography

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