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Ulmus × hollandica 'Wredei'

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Ulmus × hollandica 'Wredei'
'Wredei', Stadspark, Groningen.
Hybrid parentageU. glabra × U. minor
Cultivar'Wredei'
OriginGermany

The hybrid elm cultivar Ulmus × hollandica 'Wredei', also known as Ulmus × hollandica 'Dampieri Aurea' and sometimes marketed as Golden Elm, originated as a sport of the cultivar 'Dampieri' at the Alt-Geltow Arboretum, near Potsdam, Germany, in 1875.[1][2]

Not to be confused with two other popular cultivars named 'Golden Elm', Ulmus glabra 'Lutescens' and Ulmus 'Louis van Houtte'.

Description

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The tree is fastigiate when young,[3] but like its parent 'Dampieri' can become more spreading with age.[4] It has broad, crinkled leaves clustered on short shoots; when these are young they are suffused yellow, but as the tree ages they revert to green.

Pests and diseases

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'Wredei' is susceptible to Dutch elm disease.

Cultivation

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'Wredei' was distributed by the Louis van Houtte and Späth nurseries in the late 19th century (Louis van Houtte described it in 1881 as a "superbe nouveauté").[5][6] Späth supplied one tree, as U. montana fastigiata aurea, to the Dominion Arboretum, Ottawa, in 1893,[7] and three in 1902 to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh in 1902 as U. montana fastigiata Dampieri Wredei.[8] 'Dampieri Aurea' appears in the 1902 catalogue of the Bobbink and Atkins nursery, Rutherford, New Jersey,[9] and in Kelsey's 1904 catalogue, New York.[10] Ulmus Wredei aurea was introduced to Australia in the early 20th century.[11] 'Wredei' is currently one of the most popular elms on sale in Europe owing to its colourful foliage and modest size.

For the 'Golden Elm' at Great Dixter Gardens, Northiam, East Sussex,[12] apparently miscalled 'Dampieri Aurea' by the horticulturalist Christopher Lloyd,[13] see U. minor 'Dicksonii'.

Notable trees

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In the UK, the Tree Register of the British Isles (TROBI) Champion is at Blakers Park, Brighton, measuring 17 m high and 57 cm d.b.h. in 2009, when the leaf colour was reverting to green.[14]

Etymology

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The tree is named for Joseph Wrede (1831–1912), Royal Horticultural Inspector at the Royal State Nursery, Alt-Geltow, Potsdam, and curator of the Alt-Geltow Arboretum.[15]

Synonymy

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  • Ulmus campestris 'Wredei' Hort. ex Lauche, Deutsch. Dendr. 347 (1880).
  • Ulmus carpinifolia var. Dampieri f. Wredei Juhlke
  • Ulmus dampieri 'Wredei': Krüssmann, in Parey's Blumengartn, ed. 2.1: 519, 1958.
  • Ulmus dampieri var. Wredei: Juhlke [1], in Hamburg Gart.- & Blumenzeit, 33: 485, 1877.
  • Ulmus Dippeliana f. Wredei (Hort.) Schneider, Illustriertes Handbuch der Laubholzkunde, 1:218, fig. 136p, 1904.
  • Ulmus × hollandica 'Dampieri Aurea'
  • Ulmus montana var. Dampieri aurea Wrede ex Jaeger & Beissner , Ziergeh. ed. 2, 403 (1884).
  • Ulmus montana var. Dampieri Wredei Ruempler, Gartenbau-Lex. 930(1890). - Rehder in Miller's Deutsch Gartn.-Zeit. 13: 160, fig. (1898).
  • Ulmus montana var. fastigiata aurea Hort. ex Nicholson Kew Hand-list Trees Shrubs, 2: 141 (1896).
  • Ulmus montana pyramidalis WredeiCatalogue de Louis van Houtte, 1881-2[5]
  • Ulmus scabra var. Dampieri var. Wredei (Juhlke) Hartwig Illustrirtes Gehölzbuch 393 (1892).
  • Ulmus nitens f. Wredei Rehder in Mitteilungen der Deutschen dendrologischen gesellschaft 24(1915): 218 (1916).
  • Ulmus foliacca var. Wredei Rehder in Bailey, Stand. Cvcl. Hort. 6: 3413 (1917).
  • Ulmus Wreedi aurea: Leach, ex Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society of London, 16: lxi, 1893.

Accessions

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North America
Europe
Australasia

Nurseries

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Widely available.

References

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  1. ^ Elwes, Henry John; Henry, Augustine (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. 7. p. 1894.
  2. ^ Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. 24 (6–8). Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University: 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  3. ^ "Ulmus hollandica 'Wredei'". www.esveld.nl. Retrieved 2023-12-01.
  4. ^ Photograph of 'Wredei' beginning to lose its fastigiate outline. Archived 2011-07-11 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ a b Cultures de Louis van Houtte: Plantes Vivaces de Pleine Terre, Catalogue de Louis van Houtte, 1881-2, p.303
  6. ^ Katalog (PDF). Vol. 108. Berlin, Germany: L. Späth Baumschulenweg. 1902–1903. pp. 132–133.
  7. ^ Saunders, William; Macoun, William Tyrrell (1899). Catalogue of the trees and shrubs in the arboretum and botanic gardens at the central experimental farm (2 ed.). Ottawa. pp. 74–75.
  8. ^ Accessions book. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. 1902. pp. 45, 47.
  9. ^ Bobbink and Atkins, Rutherford. N.J. 1902. p. 51.
  10. ^ General catalogue, 1904 : choice hardy trees, shrubs, evergreens, roses, herbaceous plants, fruits, etc. New York: Frederick W. Kelsey. 1904. p. 18.
  11. ^ Spencer, Roger, ed., Horticultural Flora of South-Eastern Australia, Vol. 2 (Sydney, 1995), p. 112
  12. ^ Paul Gillett, The Long Border, Great Dixter, www.geograph.org.uk
  13. ^ Lloyd, Christopher (1993). Christopher Lloyd's flower garden. Dorling Kindersley. p. 25. ISBN 978-1-56458-167-9.
  14. ^ a b Johnson, Owen (ed.) (2003). Champion Trees of Britain & Ireland. Whittet Press, ISBN 978-1-873580-61-5
  15. ^ Gartenkultur in Brandenburg und Berlin. Herausgegeben vom Ministerium für LUR des Landes Brandenburg.
  16. ^ U. carpinifolia 'Wredei' at Morton Arboretum, Tree Family Ulmaceae
  17. ^ RBGV (Melbourne) Elm list