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Summary

Fon people "Amazon King Apron", Dahomey, the nineteenth century

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Description
English: "Amazon King Apron"
Population : Fon People. Dahomey (now Benin): West Africa
Collector and collection: Jean Grand
Collection Method: Military Shipping. Infantry lieutenant who participated in the first war of Dahomey in 1890 under the command of Colonel Archinard, against the kingdom Fon, the Béhanzin king. Two years later began the second war of Dahomey (1892-1894) which ended with the defeat of King Behanzin, the end of the Fon kingdom of Dahomey and its annexation by France.
'Analytical description'  : Influence of France in the area of ​​West Africa since the mid 19th century, Dahomey (now Benin) is the seat of the kingdom Fon whose capital Abomey. The relationship gradually deteriorate over the following decades between France and the Kingdom of Abomey with backdrop of territorial struggles. From 1882 during the reign of King Glélé, conflicts are becoming more numerous. In 1890, war broke out between the kingdom of Dahomey and France, which wants to extend its long colonial empire in this area. The port of Cotonou is a major challenge of this first war that is taking place from 21 February to 4 October 1890. The kingdom Fon still carries on customary rights, while France considers under its control. On March 4, 1890 takes place the battle of Cotonou which involved the regiment of Amazons Béhanzin King (reigned from January 1890 to 1894). The fighter regiment called "Amazons" of the Kingdom of Dahomey was exclusively female and built his professional armies of the kingdom. Its creation dates back to the late 17th century. In his language, this regiment is called "Mino" which means "our mothers". According to sources, the king's army Béhanzin had between 4000 and 6000 women. The loincloth given by the Grand Museum of Toulouse in 1891 has certainly been taken at the end of this famous battle of Cotonou. We find on this loincloth several elements related to voodoo beliefs and practices of his (metallic elements, magic loads, ...).
Materials: Cotton (textile), Shellfish, especially money cowry (Monetaria moneta), glass bead, Animal Material, Metal, Calabash.
Size : 51 x 52 x 4 cm
Français : "Tablier d'amazone du roi "
Population : Peuple Fon. Dahomey (Bénin actuel) : Afrique de l'Ouest
Collecteur et collection : Jean Grand
Date de collecte : 1890
Méthode de collecte : Expédition militaire. Lieutenant d'infanterie ayant participé à la première guerre du Dahomey de 1890 sous le commandement du colonel Archinard contre le royaume fon du roi Béhanzin . Deux ans plus tard débute la seconde guerre du Dahomey (1892-1894) qui se solde par la défaite du roi Béhanzin, la fin du royaume Fon du Dahomey et son annexion par la France.
Description analytique : Zone d'influence de la France en Afrique de l'Ouest depuis le milieu du 19° siècle, le Dahomey (Bénin actuel) est le siège du royaume Fon qui a pour capitale Abomey. Les relations se dégradent progressivement au cours des décénnies suivantes entre la France et le Royaume d'Abomey avec pour toile de fond des luttes de territoires. A partir de 1882, sous le règne du roi Glélé, les conflits sont de plus en plus nombreux. En 1890, la guerre éclate entre le royaume du Dahomey et la France qui désire depuis longtemps étendre son empire colonial à cette zone. Le port de Cotonou est un enjeu important de cette première guerre qui se déroule du 21 février au 4 octobre 1890. Le royaume Fon y exerce encore ses droits coutumiers, tandis que la France le considère sous son contrôle. Le 4 mars 1890 a lieu la bataille de Cotonou à laquelle participe le régiment des amazones du roi Béhanzin (règne de janvier 1890 à 1894). Le régiment combattant dit "des Amazones" du Royaume du Dahomey était exclusivement composé de femmes fon et intégré aux armées professionnelles du royaume. Sa création remonte à la fin du 17° siècle. En langue fon, ce régiment est appelé "Mino" ce qui signifie "nos mères". Selon les sources, l'armée du roi Béhanzin comptait entre 4000 et 6000 femmes. Le pagne donné par Grand au muséum de Toulouse en 1891 a très certainement été prélevé à l'issue de cette fameuse bataille de Cotonou. On retrouve sur ce pagne plusieurs éléments liées aux croyances et pratiques vaudou des fon (éléments métalliques, charges magiques,...).
Matériaux : Coton (textile), Coquillages dont Cauris (Monetaria moneta), Perle de verre, Matière animale, Métal, Calebasse.
Taille: 51 x 52 x 4 cm
institution QS:P195,Q422
MHNT ETH.AC.559
Date Taken on 18 November 2015
Source Own work
Author Didier Descouens
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Camera location43° 35′ 38.03″ N, 1° 26′ 57.23″ E Kartographer map based on OpenStreetMap.View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMapinfo

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18 November 2015

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43°35'38.02980593962"N, 1°26'57.22698211670"E

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0.04 second

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105 millimetre

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