DescriptionPact of Neutral Countries, 1939 proposal.svg
English: Pact of Neutral Countries, as proposed in 1939: in solid gold, countries of the Balkan Pact; shaded gold: Bulgaria, proposed for membership of the pact, and Italy, as a protector of the Pact. In blue: Allied territories; in black: Axis countries; in red: USSR. The Pact was notably backed by Galeazzo Ciano of Italy, Nicolae Petrescu-Comnen and Grigore Gafencu of Romania, and Şükrü Saracoğlu of Turkey. It never materialized, with Italy (at the time still non-belligerent) declaring war on the Allies, and exposing the Balkans to Nazi control. See: Frank Marzari, "Projects for an Italian-Led Balkan Bloc of Neutrals, September–December 1939", in The Historical Journal, Vol. 13, Issue 4, December 1970, pp. 767–788.
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