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Emergency Response Rooms

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Emergency Response Rooms
غرف الطوارئ
AbbreviationERRs
FormationApril 2023; 1 year ago (2023-04)
TypeGrassroots Aid Network (NGO)[1]
Legal statusUnregistered
PurposeHumanitarian aid
Location
Region
 Sudan
Spokesperson
Mukhtar Atif[3]
ECO
Hajooj Kuka[4]
AffiliationsSudanese resistance committees
Sudan Doctors' Syndicate
Volunteers4,600[5] (2024)
WebsiteKhartoum State ERRs

The Emergency Response Rooms (ERRs) (Arabic: غرف الطوارئ) in Sudan, a community-led initiative formed by the resistance committees behind the 2019 revolution, have played a crucial role in providing humanitarian aid during the Sudanese civil war between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), which began in April 2023. As of February 2024, ERRs had assisted over four million people, evacuating thousands and supplying essential resources like clean water and medical supplies. Despite being targeted and facing violence, ERRs remain a symbol of decolonised aid, funded by communities and external donors. Their efforts have been praised by the European Union and U.S. Representative Ilhan Omar.

History

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The Emergency Response Rooms (ERRs) in Sudan is a community-led initiative[6] that emerged from the Sudanese resistance committees which spearheaded the 2019 revolution.[7][8] ERRs have played a vital role in humanitarian efforts amid the ongoing Sudanese civil war between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), which started on 15 April 2023.[5][9]

As of February 2024, ERRs have provided help for more than four millions.[7][10] These volunteers have successfully evacuated tens of thousands of people from conflict zones,[10][11] provided essential services such as clean water and medical supplies,[12] and have kept the few operational hospitals stocked with necessary fuel and supplies.[13][14] In addition to these efforts, ERRs have maintained vital water and communication infrastructure, ensuring that communities remain connected and have access to clean water.[15][16] They also run community kitchens that feed millions of people,[17] addressing the severe food shortages caused by the conflict.[18][19] EERs has also been active in responding to sexual violence cases during the civil war.[20]

In a statement by the office of the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy on 12 April 2024, the European Union "applauds[ed] the bravery and commitment of local and international humanitarian workers, particularly local NGOs and Emergency Response Rooms".[21]

Most ERRs are not legally registered. ERRs are community funded but also receives funds from Non-governmental organization, international development agencies,[22] charities,[5] individuals,[23] and local businesses.[24] Nonetheless, in a press release in April 2024, U.S. representative for Minnesota's 5th congressional district Ilhan Omar stated that there is a "need to significantly ramp up direct funding for Emergency Response Rooms – not only providing essential services but demonstrating our commitment to supporting civilian rule in Sudan."[25]

Nevertheless, ERRs have faced significant challenges, including being targeted by both sides of the civil war,[26] including arrest and abduction,[27] rape,[28][29] and killing.[30][31] For example, three ERRs volunteers were killed in 2023 while trying to assist civilians in Al Fiteihab, Khartoum,[32] and two more were killed in Naivasha Market.[33]

ERRs is considered as an example of the decolonisation of aid.[34] The decolonisation of aid refers to efforts to transform the international aid system by addressing and dismantling the power imbalances and colonial legacies that have historically shaped it.[35]

Further reading

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  • Nasir, Rawh; Rhodes, Tom; Kleinfeld, Philip (2023-08-02). "How mutual aid networks are powering Sudan's humanitarian response". The New Humanitarin.
  • Abbas, Sara; Abdalhadi, Musab (2023-12-07). "Sudan's Emergency Response Rooms: Overview and Recommendations" (PDF). Shabaka.
  • Gaasbeek, Timmo (2024). From hunger to death: An estimate of excess mortality in Sudan, based on currently available information (Report). Clingendael Institute.

References

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  1. ^ Khalafallah, Hamid (2024-05-10). "Grassroots Aid Networks Are a Lifeline Amid Sudan's Humanitarian Catastrophe". DAWN. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  2. ^ Yousra, Elbagir. "Sudan could be weeks away from a 'catastrophic hunger crisis'". Sky News. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  3. ^ Pietromarchi, Virginia. "Sudan slips into famine as warring sides starve civilians". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  4. ^ "The Conflict in Sudan the World Forgot". Splinter. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  5. ^ a b c "Sudan's Emergency Response Rooms (ERRs)". Shabaka. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  6. ^ Harter, Fred (2024-05-07). "'A colonial mindset': why global aid agencies need to get out of the way". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  7. ^ a b "Youth-led 'emergency rooms' shine rays of hope in war-torn Sudan | UN News". news.un.org. 2024-02-03. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  8. ^ "Mutual aid in Sudan: the future of aid?". Humanitarian Practice Network. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  9. ^ "Humanitarian Access SCORE Report: Sudan | Humanitarian Outcomes". humanitarianoutcomes.org. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  10. ^ a b "Emergency Response Rooms Are Redefining Humanitarian Aid as They Go - GQ Middle East". GQ Middle East. 2024-06-28. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  11. ^ Homes, Hilary (2024-03-08). "Sudan: Internet shutdown threatens delivery of humanitarian and emergency services". Amnesty International Canada. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  12. ^ "Under siege, Sudanese risk their lives to feed each other". France 24. 2024-03-24. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  13. ^ Cogito (2024-07-26). Sudan Is Collapsing: Here's Why. Retrieved 2024-07-29 – via YouTube.
  14. ^ "#Keepiton Sudan's internet shutdown threatens delivery of humanitarian and emergency services". Amnesty International. 2024-03-08. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  15. ^ Pishon (2023-12-19). "Local responders' experiences of delivering aid in Sudan - CSF". CSFSudan. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  16. ^ "Empowering Communities, Piloting Multi-purpose Cash Distribution in Khartoum". The CALP Network. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  17. ^ Nasir, Rawh (2024-06-25). "Sudan: 'We Survive Together' - the Communal Kitchens Fighting Famine in Khartoum". The New Humanitarian. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  18. ^ "Sudanese groups provide light amid year of darkness - Sudan | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int. 2024-04-16. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  19. ^ "The Sudan Crisis and Implications for Neighbouring Countries". National Centre for Social Research. 2024-07-17. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  20. ^ AFP (2024-07-29). "Sexual violence rife in war-torn Sudan capital: Human Rights Watch". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  21. ^ Stano, Peter (2024-04-12). "Sudan: Statement by the High Representative on behalf of the European Union one year into the conflict". European Council.
  22. ^ "Deputy Administrator Isobel Coleman at the International Humanitarian Conference on Sudan | April 15, 2024". U.S. Agency for International Development. 2024-04-15. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  23. ^ "How to Help the People of Sudan?". 500 Words Magazine. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  24. ^ ServiceSpace.org. "Mutual Aid Networks Are Powering Sudan's Humanitarian Response". KarunaNews: Responding with Compassion. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  25. ^ Omar, Office of Rep Ilhan (2024-04-16). "Sudan: Rep. Omar Statement on the One-Year Anniversary of the Sudanese Civil War". United States House Of Representatives. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  26. ^ umajulius (2024-02-27). "Sudan: UN relief coordinator warns over attacks on volunteers". Sudan Tribune. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  27. ^ Gouja, Ahmed (2024-05-30). "Sudan: How El Fasher Went From Darfur's Safe Haven to All-Out War". The New Humanitarian. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  28. ^ Carrera, Bianca. "Sudan aid workers risk 'kidnap and rape', experts warn". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  29. ^ Osman, Mohamed (2024-07-28). ""Khartoum is not Safe for Women!"". Human Rights Watch.
  30. ^ Nashed, Mat. "Are Sudan's civil society activists being targeted by both warring sides?". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 2024-05-04. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  31. ^ "Today's top news: Occupied Palestinian Territory, Sudan, Ukraine | OCHA". www.unocha.org. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  32. ^ "Millions go hungry as war and waves of ethnic killing disrupt food supply in Sudan". NBC News. 2024-03-06. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  33. ^ "Sudan: North Darfur Civilians Flee 'Catastrophic Escalation' in Conflict". Dabanga. 2024-05-27. Retrieved 2024-07-29.
  34. ^ Harter, Fred (2024-05-07). "'A colonial mindset': why global aid agencies need to get out of the way". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-08-02.
  35. ^ Aly, Heba (2022-08-12). "Ten efforts to decolonise aid". The New Humanitarian.
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