Draft:Cyclone Fengal
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 Fengal at peak intensity approaching Southern India on November 30 | |
| Meteorological history | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 25 November 2024 |
| Dissipated | Present |
| Severe cyclonic storm | |
| 3-minute sustained (IMD) | |
| Highest winds | 95 km/h (60 mph) |
| Highest gusts | 110 km/h (70 mph) |
| Lowest pressure | 987 hPa (mbar); 29.15 inHg |
| Tropical storm | |
| 1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC) | |
| Highest winds | 95 km/h (60 mph) |
| Highest gusts | 110 km/h (70 mph) |
| Lowest pressure | 987 hPa (mbar); 29.15 inHg |
| Overall effects | |
| Fatalities | > 12 |
| Missing | > 2 |
| Damage | unknown |
| Areas affected | Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Sri Lanka |
Part of the 2024 North Indian Ocean cyclone season | |
Cyclonic Storm Fengal (feinjal) is a currently active tropical cyclone that is moving west-northwestward towards Southern India. The fourth cyclonic storm of the 2024 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, Fengal originated from a tropical disturbance off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia on 14 November. While it meanders westward, it was designated as Invest 99B by the JTWC on 22 November. The system organized itself into a low-pressure area over Southeast Bay of Bengal on 23 November. By 24 November, it intensified into a well-marked low pressure area and then intensified further into a depression on 25 November while it brushes the Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka coast. As it intensified into a deep depression on 26 November, it brought flooding to Sri Lanka, causing substantial damage. The system strengthened into a cyclonic storm a couple of days later.
Meteorological history
[edit]
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
Unknown
Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depressionOn 14 November, the Australian Bureau of Meteorology noted the potential formation of a tropical low west of Sumatra, Indonesia.[1] The tropical low formed a few days later due to the occurrence of a westerly wind burst.[2] As the low forms, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) designated it as Invest 99B.[citation needed] The low struggled to develop intially due to the presence of strong wind shear.[3]. As it moves westward, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) began tracking the system for potential tropical cyclogenesis.[4] It strengthened into a depression on 25 November while it moves northwestwards towards Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka coast. On 26 November at 01:30 IST, JTWC issued it a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert on the depression as it began to move northward, paralleling the Coromandel coast. On the same day, in southwestern parts of Bay of Bengal, it intensified further into a deep depression, later moving into Sri Lanka. It continued moving parallel to the Coromandel coast and by 27 November, it was located 490 km south-southeast of Chennai.[5] The JTWC noted that the system showed highly disorganized but persistent areas of convection. It was in a marginal environment for tropical cyclogenesis, but high vertical wind shear just northeast of Sri Lanka would limit intensification.[6][dead link]. On 28 November, the system maintained its intensity and moved north-northwestwards at a speed of 9 Km/h.[7] By 14:30 IST on 29 November, the system became organized and strengthened into a cyclonic storm, given the name Fengal by the IMD. At that time, it was 300 km southeast of Chennai and moved of 13 km/h.[8] On the early morning of 30 November, Fengal intensified with 3-miute sustained winds of 85 km/h.[9] The JTWC recorded a 1-minute sustained winds 95 km/h as it moves westward toward Southern India at the same time.[10]
Preparation
[edit]As Fengal forms, the IMD issues a red alert for the states of Tamil Nadu, South Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, and Karnataka due to expected extreme heavy rain.[11] As Fengal approaches India, the Puducheery government has closed all schools in its district until 30 November.[12] Fishermen were advised to halt fishing and move their boats to higher ground in anticipation of Fengal's landfall over Puducherry.[11]
Impact
[edit]As Fengal was near Sri Lanka as a developing deep depression on 28 November, it brought significant flooding to the whole country. At least 330,894 people were affected, killing 12 and leaving two more missing, most of them in Ampara District. The storm also destroyed 82 homes and damaged 1,465 others.[13] The cyclone also inundated around 800 acres of farmland in the town of Nagapattinam on the same day.[11]
References
[edit]- ^ "Tropical cyclone 7 day forecast". Bureau of Meteorology. 15 November 2024. Archived from the original on 14 November 2024. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
- ^ "Tropical cyclone 7 day forecast". Bureau of Meteorology. 20 November 2024. Archived from the original on 19 November 2024. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
- ^ Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean, 1830Z 23 November 2024 Reissued (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 23 November 2024. Archived from the original on 23 November 2024. Retrieved 23 November 2024.
- ^ "Low pressure area over East Equatorial Indian Ocean and adjoining Southeast Bay of Bengal" (PDF). IMD.
- ^ "Deep Depression over central parts of southwest Bay of Bengal" (PDF). IMD.
- ^ "SIGNIFICANT TROPICAL WEATHER ADVISORY FOR THE INDIAN OCEAN". JTWC.
- ^ "Deep Depression over southwest Bay of Bengal" (PDF). IMD.
- ^ "DEEP DEPRESSION INTENSIFIED INTO CYCLNIC STORM "FENGAL" OVER SOUTHWEST BAY OF BENGAL" (PDF). IMD.
- ^ "Cyclonic Storm "FENGAL" [pronounced as FEINJAL] over Southwest Bay of Bengal (Cyclone Warning: Red Message for North Tamil Nadu, Puducherry and adjoining south Andhra Pradesh Coasts)" (PDF). IMD. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 November 2024.
- ^ Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean, 0000Z 30 November 2024 Reissued (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 30 November 2024. Archived from the original on 30 November 2024. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
- ^ a b c "Cyclone Fengal highlights: Landfall on November 30 afternoon, red alert in Southern states for heavy rain". mint. 27 November 2024.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ HT News Desk (30 November 2024). "Cyclone Fengal: Deep depression intensifies into cyclonic storm, landfall today". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 30 November 2024.
- ^ "ආපදා මරණ 12ක්" (in Sinhala). Ada Derana. 28 November 2024. Retrieved 28 November 2024.