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2023 G20 New Delhi summit

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2023 G20 New Delhi summit
18th G20 Summit
← 17th 9–10 September 2023 19th →
Bharat Mandapam
(Summit Venue)
Host country India
MottoVasudhaiva Kutumbakam
(transl. One Earth, One Family, One Future)[A][1]
Venue(s)Bharat Mandapam
CitiesNew Delhi
ParticipantsG20 members
Guest invitees:[2] Bangladesh, Mauritius, Oman, Singapore, United Arab Emirates, Spain, Netherlands, Egypt, Nigeria
Invited bodies:
United Nations, African union, CDRI, ISA, ADB, IMF, World Bank, WTO, WHO, ILO, FSB, OECD, AUDA-NEPAD, ASEAN
ChairNarendra Modi, Prime Minister of India

The 2023 G20 New Delhi summit was the eighteenth meeting of the G20 (Group of Twenty), a Head of State and Government meeting held at Bharat Mandapam, Delhi. It was the first G20 summit held in India.[3][9][10]

Background

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Originally, India was scheduled to host the G20 summit in 2021 and Italy in 2022. At the 2018 G20 Buenos Aires summit in Argentina, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said he had requested Italy to host the summit in 2021 and allow India to host it in 2022, on the occasion of the 75th year of India's independence. Italy agreed to let India host the G20 summit in 2022 in its place, owing to the momentum in bilateral ties.[11]

However, after a request made by Indonesian Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi, India exchanged its presidency of the G20 with Indonesia because Indonesia would also chair the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 2023.[12]

Presidency

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The G20 New Delhi Summit is chaired by the Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi. India's presidency began on 1 December 2022, leading up to the summit in the third quarter of 2023. The presidency handover ceremony was held, in which the G20 Presidency gavel was transferred from Indonesian President Joko Widodo to Indian Prime Minister Modi at the close of the Bali summit. Indonesia held the presidency in 2022.[13]

Indian Prime Minister Modi formally handed over the G20 presidency to Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, the President of Brazil. India will continue to hold the position until 30 November 2023.[14]

Agenda priorities

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G20 India has put forth six agenda priorities for the G20 dialogue in 2023:[15]

  • Green Development, Climate Finance & Life
  • Accelerated, Inclusive & Resilient Growth
  • Accelerating progress on SDGs
  • Technological Transformation & Digital Public Infrastructure
  • Multilateral Institutions for the 21st century
  • Women-led development

In an interview on 26 August 2023, Prime Minister Modi expressed optimism about the G20 countries' evolving agenda under India's presidency, shifting toward a human-centric development approach that aligns with the concerns of the Global South, including addressing climate change, debt restructuring through the G20's Common Framework for Debt, and a strategy for regulation of global cryptocurrencies.[16][17][18]

Preparations

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The Government of India budgeted Rs. 990 crore (US$120 million) for the G20 events.[19]

In the lead up to the G20 meeting, the Indian authorities, including the Archaeological Survey of India embarked on a mass demolition drive against homeless shelters and slum neighborhoods across New Delhi resulting in the eviction of its marginalized residents.[20][21][22][23] Structures near the summit site were removed for being illegal, after giving residents time to vacate. Other demolitions occurred in areas far from the G20 venue, also following court orders.[24] According to the ‘Concerned Citizens’ collective, this resulted in the displacement of an estimated 0.25 to 0.3 million people.[25] In Delhi alone, almost 25 slums were bulldozed to the ground, including settlements in Yamuna Bank, Tughlaqabad and Mehrauli, among others.[25][26]

In the days prior to the summit, the New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC) placed life-size cutouts of langurs in several parts of the city to scare away the smaller rhesus macaque monkeys.[27][28] While, the Municipal Corporation of Delhi rounded up almost 1,000 stray dogs and moved them to shelters in the run-up to the G20 summit.[29][30]

For the security of the event, the government had deployed 130,000 security personnel, including 80,000 police officers from Delhi Police.[31]

In the shutdown imposed on the 32 million people living in Delhi, all schools, offices, workplaces, marketplaces, restaurants and non-food shops were ordered to close for three days. Meanwhile, the movement on the roads was also restricted, all food deliveries were restricted in areas under NDMC and people were recommended to stay at home.[32][33][34]

Participating leaders

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The Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping decided to skip the summit in the Indian capital.[35][36] Their places were taken up by Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov and Chinese premier Li Qiang, respectively.[37][38]

Invited guests

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Participating international organization guests

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Outcomes

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Launch of the Global Biofuels Alliance at G20 New Delhi 2023
  • The African Union joined the G20 as a permanent member, the first since the G20's formation in 1999.[47]
  • A new organization called the Global Biofuel Alliance (GBA) was launched, to promote the development and adoption of sustainable biofuels, and set relevant standards and certification.[48]
  • The New Delhi Leaders Declaration was adopted with consensus.[49][50]
  • A group of countries made a joint agreement to build a rail and shipping corridor linking India with the Middle East and Europe called the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor. The group comprises India, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Israel and the European Union.[51]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "'One Earth, One Family, One Future' will be theme of G-20 Presidency: PM Modi". mint. 16 November 2022. Archived from the original on 7 September 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  2. ^ "About G20". www.g20.in. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
  3. ^ Livemint (7 September 2023). "G20 Summit 2023 Delhi LIVE update: PM Modi finalises agreements with Joe Biden". mint. Archived from the original on 8 September 2023. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
  4. ^ "India to host G20 Summit in 2023, year after 2022 meeting in Indonesia: Grouping's declaration". Firstpost. 23 November 2020. Archived from the original on 23 November 2020. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  5. ^ "India to host G20 Summit in 2023". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 22 December 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  6. ^ "India's G-20 Summit Will Now Be in 2023, a Year Later Than Planned". thewire.in. Archived from the original on 23 November 2020. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  7. ^ "Indonesia to Host G20 Summit in 2022". Sekretariat Kabinet Republik Indonesia. 23 November 2020. Archived from the original on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  8. ^ "Indonesia Leading 2022 G20 Summit". indonesiaexpat-id.cdn.ampproject.org. 24 November 2020. Archived from the original on 18 January 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  9. ^ [4][5][6][7][8]
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  12. ^ "Indonesia, India swap G-20 upcoming presidency term". The Straits Times. 23 November 2020. Archived from the original on 25 August 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
  13. ^ Anuj (12 December 2022). "India's G20 Presidency and It's [sic] Implications". Perfect Review. Archived from the original on 12 December 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
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  15. ^ "Overview of G20". Ministry of Earth Sciences, India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
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  17. ^ "Exclusive | PM Modi calls for global framework on cryptocurrency. Here's what he said". India Today. Archived from the original on 28 August 2023. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
  18. ^ "'G20 की अध्यक्षता कर पूरी दुनिया को नई राह दिखा रहा भारत', Exclusive इंटरव्यू में बोले पीएम मोदी". आज तक (in Hindi). 26 August 2023. Archived from the original on 28 August 2023. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
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  20. ^ "India, advocate for the global poor, clears slums as G20 draw near". CNN. 5 September 2023. Archived from the original on 5 September 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2023.
  21. ^ Mehrotra, Karishma; Shih, Gerry (20 March 2023). "As G-20 meetings come to India, Modi launches a public relations blitz". Washington Post. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2023. In recent weeks, the Indian government has also bulldozed homeless shelters and slums in New Delhi, which activists say are part of a G-20 beautification campaign that is dislocating the poor
  22. ^ "Many New Delhi slums disappear ahead of G20 summit". Yahoo News. Reuters. 5 September 2023. Archived from the original on 5 September 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2023.
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  25. ^ a b "How G20 preparations left thousands homeless in India". Frontline. 28 July 2023.
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  27. ^ Yasir, Sameer; Ives, Mike (7 September 2023). "India's Preparations for G20 Must Also Account for Monkeys". The New York Times.
  28. ^ Dayal, Sakshi (31 August 2023). "Monkey business: Delhi gets cutouts of langurs to ease menace during G20". Reuters.
  29. ^ Fadnavis, Anushree; Dayal, Sakshi (8 September 2023). "After slums and monkeys, Delhi removes stray dogs from streets as G20 nears". Reuters.
  30. ^ "New Delhi got a makeover for the G20 summit. The city's poor say they were simply erased". AP News. 4 September 2023. Many of the city's poor say they were simply erased, much like the stray dogs and monkeys that have been removed from some neighborhoods, as India's capital got its makeover ahead of this week's summit of the Group of 20 nations.
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  32. ^ Hassan, Aakash; Ellis-Petersen, Hannah (8 September 2023). "'Ashamed of our presence': Delhi glosses over plight of poor as it rolls out G20 red carpet". The Guardian.
  33. ^ "G20 Summit: Here is a look at traffic advisory by the Delhi Traffic Police".
  34. ^ "G20: From Banks To Food Delivery, Here's All You Need To Know About Restrictions In Delhi/NCR". Outlook Business. 7 September 2023. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
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  42. ^ "Official List of Guests". Archived from the original on 31 January 2023. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  43. ^ "Nigeria's ruling party candidate Bola Tinubu wins disputed presidential election". Archived from the original on 1 March 2023. Retrieved 1 March 2023.
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  47. ^ "African Union formally joins G20, PM Modi calls for 'trust and reliance'". Hindustan Times. 9 September 2023. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  48. ^ "Launch of the Global Biofuel Alliance (GBA)". www.g20.org. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  49. ^ "New Delhi Declaration adopted at G20, huge win as India clinches consensus". India Today. 9 September 2023.
  50. ^ "G20 New Delhi Leaders' Declaration". mea.gov.in. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  51. ^ "Biden, Modi and G20 allies unveil rail and shipping project linking India to Middle East and Europe". AP News. 9 September 2023.

Notes

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  1. ^ literally mean 'The World Is One Family'
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