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{{For|the [[Egypt]]ian city formerly called Djanet|Tanis, Egypt}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
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<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->

Revision as of 13:38, 17 June 2013

Djanet
ﺟﺎﻧﺖ
Town and commune
A view of Djanet
A view of Djanet
Location of Djanet Commune within Illizi Province
Location of Djanet Commune within Illizi Province
Country Algeria
ProvinceIllizi
DistrictDjanet (seat)
Government
 • PMA Seats7
Area
 • Total
57,460 km2 (22,190 sq mi)
Elevation
1,035 m (3,396 ft)
Population
 (2008)
 • Total
14,655
 • Density0.26/km2 (0.66/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01 (CET)
Postal code
33100
ONS code3302

Djanet (Template:Lang-ar) (formerly known as Fort Charlet[1]) is an oasis city, and capital of Djanet District, in Illizi Province, southeast Algeria. It is located 412 kilometres (256 mi) south of the provincial capital, Illizi. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 14,655,[2] up from 9,699 in 1998,[3] and an annual population growth rate of 4.3%.[2] It is inhabited by the Kel Ajjer Tuareg people.

History

The region of Djanet has been inhabited since Neolithic times. There were periods of ten thousand years at a time that the area was not desert. The flora and fauna were luxuriant as is seen in the numerous rock paintings of Tassili n'Ajjer around Djanet. Populations of hunter-gatherers lived there.

Djanet was founded in the Middle Ages by the Tuareg. The Ottoman Empire, which had a nominal authority over the Fezzan region, reinforced their presence in the area at the beginning of the 20th century in reaction to the colonization of Africa by the Europeans.

Geography

Djanet, and the nearby towns of Azelouaz, El Mihan, Adjahil and Eferi, lie in a valley carved by the intermittent river (wadi) Oued Idjeriou through the southwest edge of the Tassili n'Ajjer mountain range. Due to the somewhat cooler air, higher humidity and somewhat higher rainfall in these areas, the nearby mountains support a greater amount and variety of wildlife than lower-lying areas in the Sahara, and forms part of the West Saharan montane xeric woodlands ecosystem. Djanet itself lies at an altitude of 1,035 metres (3,396 ft), but the mountains to the east and north reach as high as 1,905 metres (6,250 ft).[1]

Climate

Djanet has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh), with very hot summers and mild winters. The city is extremely dry throughout the year, with an annual average rainfall of just 14.6 millimetres (0.57 in) and no month with an average of more than 3 millimetres (0.12 in).

Climate data for Djanet
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 31.4
(88.5) 		34.4
(93.9) 		35.4
(95.7) 		41.0
(105.8) 		49.0
(120.2) 		44.0
(111.2) 		48.5
(119.3) 		46.4
(115.5) 		42.0
(107.6) 		39.7
(103.5) 		33.4
(92.1) 		33.4
(92.1) 		49.0
(120.2)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 19.4
(66.9) 		22.4
(72.3) 		26.3
(79.3) 		31.6
(88.9) 		35.9
(96.6) 		38.0
(100.4) 		36.9
(98.4) 		36.4
(97.5) 		34.8
(94.6) 		30.7
(87.3) 		24.8
(76.6) 		20.5
(68.9) 		29.8
(85.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) 12.9
(55.2) 		15.7
(60.3) 		19.7
(67.5) 		24.9
(76.8) 		29.5
(85.1) 		31.8
(89.2) 		31.1
(88.0) 		30.4
(86.7) 		28.7
(83.7) 		24.3
(75.7) 		18.2
(64.8) 		13.8
(56.8) 		23.4
(74.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 6.3
(43.3) 		8.9
(48.0) 		13.0
(55.4) 		18.2
(64.8) 		23.1
(73.6) 		25.5
(77.9) 		25.2
(77.4) 		24.4
(75.9) 		22.5
(72.5) 		17.8
(64.0) 		11.6
(52.9) 		7.0
(44.6) 		17.0
(62.5)
Record low °C (°F) −7.5
(18.5) 		−3.6
(25.5) 		0.8
(33.4) 		6.4
(43.5) 		10.4
(50.7) 		17.0
(62.6) 		18.0
(64.4) 		14.0
(57.2) 		11.0
(51.8) 		5.4
(41.7) 		0.5
(32.9) 		−3.0
(26.6) 		−7.5
(18.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0.6
(0.02) 		1.3
(0.05) 		2.5
(0.10) 		1.1
(0.04) 		1.1
(0.04) 		1.8
(0.07) 		0.1
(0.00) 		0.2
(0.01) 		2.0
(0.08) 		2.0
(0.08) 		0.5
(0.02) 		1.5
(0.06) 		14.7
(0.57)
Average relative humidity (%) 35.3 29.3 22.7 18.7 18.0 18.2 16.6 18.4 20.4 26.6 28.1 33.2 23.8
Source 1: NOAA (1969-1990)[4]
Source 2: climatebase.ru (extremes, humidity)[5]

Transport

Djanet Inedbirene Airport[6] is located about 50 kilometers south of the city center.

Another view of Djanet.

Education

4.1% of the population has a tertiary education, and another 19.8% has completed secondary education.[7] The overall literacy rate is 85.6%, and is 92.1% among males and 78.0% among females, all three rates being the highest for any commune in the province.[8]

Localities

The commune is composed of 12 localities:[9]

References

  1. ^ a b "Sabhah Sheet 8, Edition 4, AMS, 1969". University of Texas Libraries. Retrieved 17 May 2013.
  2. ^ a b "Population: Illizi Wilaya" (PDF) (in French). Office National des Statistiques Algérie. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
  3. ^ "Algeria Communes". Statoids. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  4. ^ "Climate Normals for Djanet". Retrieved 17 May 2013.
  5. ^ "Djanet, Algeria". Climatebase.ru. Retrieved 17 May 2013.
  6. ^ "Djanet Inedbirene Airport". OurAirports. Retrieved 17 May 2013.
  7. ^ "Structure relative de la population résidente des ménages ordinaires et collectifs âgée de 6 ans et plus selon le niveau d'instruction et la commune de résidence" (PDF) (in French). Office National des Statistiques Algérie. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
  8. ^ "Taux d'analphabétisme et taux d'alphabétisation de la population âgée de 15 ans et plus, selon le sexe et la commune de résidence " (PDF) (in French). Office National des Statistiques Algérie. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
  9. ^ "Décret n° 84-365, fixant la composition, la consistance et les limites territoriale des communes. Wilaya d'Illizi" (in French). Journal officiel de la République Algérienne,. 19 December 1984. p. 1554. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 March 2013 or before. Retrieved 2 March 2013. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archivedate= (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
Neighbouring towns and cities
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