Tylophoron
| Tylophoron | |
|---|---|
| |
| Herbarium specimen of Tylophoron protrudens | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Arthoniomycetes |
| Order: | Arthoniales |
| Family: | Arthoniaceae |
| Genus: | Tylophoron Nyl. (1862) |
| Type species | |
| Tylophoron protrudens Nyl. (1862)
| |
| Species | |
|
T. galapagoense | |
| Synonyms[1][2] | |
Tylophoron is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Arthoniaceae.[3]
Taxonomy
[edit]The genus was circumscribed in 1862 by the Finnish lichenologist William Nylander, with T. protrudens as the type species.[4]
In 2013, Damien Ertz and colleagues showed through molecular analysis that the genus Sporodochiolichen, proposed by André Aptroot and Harrie Sipman in 2011,[5] should be reduced to synonymy with Tylophoron. The type species of Sporodochiolichen (S. lecanoricus) was demonstrated to be conspecific with Tylophoron hibernicum, despite initial descriptions suggesting different photobiont partners. This taxonomic change left three additional species originally described in Sporodochiolichen (S. flavus, S. papillatus, and S. pigmentatus) requiring transfer to other genera, though their precise taxonomic placement remains uncertain. The remaining Sporodochiolichen species differ from Tylophoron in having golden yellow or pink sporodochia that produce simple or distoseptate conidia, compared to Tylophoron's typically pale or brown sporodochia with zero or one septate (non-distoseptate) conidia.[2]
Species
[edit]- Tylophoron galapagoense Bungartz, Ertz, Diederich & Tibell (2011)[6]
- Tylophoron gibsonii Tibell (1987)[7]
- Tylophoron hibernicum (D.Hawksw., Coppins & P.James) Ertz, Diederich, Bungartz & Tibell (2011)
- Tylophoron moderatum Nyl. (1862)[4]
- Tylophoron protrudens Nyl. (1862)[4]
- Tylophoron rufescens Aptroot (2022)
- Tylophoron stalactiticum Ertz & Diederich (2011)[6]
Species formerly placed in Tylophoron:
- Tylophoron americanum Lendemer, E.A.Tripp & R.C.Harris (2013) = Sporodophoron americanum
- Tylophoron hawaiense (Tuck.) H.Magn. (1944) = Nadvornikia hawaiensis
- Tylophoron indicum Kremp. (1875) = Pyrgillus indicus
- Tylophoron triloculare Müll.Arg. (1893) = Heterocyphelium leucampyx
References
[edit]- ^ "Synonymy. Current Name: Tylophoron Nyl., Bot. Ztg. 20: 279 (1862)". Species Fungorum. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
- ^ a b Ertz, Damien; Fischer, Eberhard; Killmann, Dorothee; Razafindrahaja, Tahina; Sérusiaux, Emmanuël (2013). "Savoronala, a new genus of Malmideaceae (Lecanorales) from Madagascar with stipes producing sporodochia". Mycological Progress. 12 (4): 645–656. doi:10.1007/s11557-012-0871-5.
- ^ Wijayawardene, N.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Dai, D.Q.; Sánchez-García, M.; Goto, B.T.; Saxena, R.K.; et al. (2022). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021". Mycosphere. 13 (1): 53–453. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/2. hdl:10481/76378.
- ^ a b c Nylander, W. (1862). "Tylophoron et Parathelium genera lichenum nova". Botanische Zeitung (in Latin). 20: 278–279.
- ^ Aptroot, André; Sipman, Harrie J.M. (2011). "Sporodochiolichen, a new genus of tropical hyphomycetous lichens". The Lichenologist. 43 (4): 357–362. doi:10.1017/s0024282911000314.
- ^ a b Ertz, Damien; Bungartz, Frank; Diederich, Paul; Tibell, Leif (2011). "Molecular and morphological data place Blarneya in Tylophoron (Arthoniaceae)". The Lichenologist. 43 (4): 345–356. doi:10.1017/s002428291100020x.
- ^ Tibell, L. (1987). Australasian Caliciales. Symbolae Botanicae Upsalienses. Vol. 27. p. 267.
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