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Deborah Jeane Palfrey

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Deborah Jeane Palfrey
Palfrey in April 2007
Born(1956-03-18)March 18, 1956
North Charleroi, Pennsylvania, U.S.
DiedMay 1, 2008(2008-05-01) (aged 52)
Tarpon Springs, Florida, U.S.
Cause of deathSuicide by hanging
Other namesD. C. Madam
Alma materRollins College

Deborah Jeane Palfrey (March 18, 1956 – May 1, 2008),[1] dubbed the D. C. Madam by the news media, operated Pamela Martin and Associates, an escort agency in Washington, D.C. Although she maintained that the company's services were legal, she was convicted on April 15, 2008, of racketeering, using the mail for illegal purposes,[1][2] and money laundering.[2] Slightly over two weeks later, facing a prison sentence of five or six years, she was found hanged. Autopsy results and the final police investigative report concluded that her death was a suicide.[1][3][4][5]

Early life

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Palfrey was born in Charleroi, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Pittsburgh, on March 18, 1956. She spent her teens in Orlando, Florida. Her father was a grocer. She graduated from Rollins College with a degree in criminal justice, and completed a nine-month legal course at the Thomas Jefferson School of Law.[6]

Career

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Working as a paralegal in San Diego, she became involved in the escort business. Dismayed at how most services were run, including widespread drug abuse, she started her own company, recruiting mostly women over 25.[6] In 1990, she was arrested on charges of pimping, pandering, and extortion. She fled to Montana, where she was captured while trying to cross the Canada–US border and brought back for trial.

Following her conviction in 1992, she spent 18 months in prison.[6][7] After her release, she founded Pamela Martin and Associates.[8]

D.C. Madam scandal

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In June 2004, the United States Postal Inspection Service and Internal Revenue Service began an investigation into an illegal prostitution business being run in Washington, D.C.[9] During the course of the investigation, Palfrey was identified as the operator of the prostitution ring.[9] In October 2006, agents with the United States Postal Inspection Service posed as a couple who were interested in buying Palfrey's home as a means of accessing her property without a warrant.[10][9] Agents subsequently froze bank accounts worth over US$500,000, and seized papers relating to money laundering and prostitution charges.[9][11]

As her case proceeded, it was revealed that Palfrey's escorts charged as much as $300 per hour, and many have had professional careers. Palfrey continued to reside in California, and cleared some US $2 million over 13 years in operation.[6] Palfrey appeared on ABC's 20/20 as part of an investigative report on May 4, 2007.[12]

In response to Palfrey's statement that she had 10,000 to 15,000 phone numbers of clients, several clients' lawyers contacted Palfrey to see whether accommodations could be made to keep their identities private.[13] Ultimately, ABC News, after going through what was described as 46 pounds (21 kg) of phone records, decided that none of the potential clients[14] were sufficiently "newsworthy" to bother mentioning.[15]

On July 9, 2007, Senator David Vitter (R-LA) acknowledged that he had been a customer of her escort service.[16]

Thirteen former escorts and three former clients testified at her trial.[17][18][19]

However, ABC News only published two of the names they had identified, men who were already known to have been clients of Palfrey — Randall L. Tobias, a State Department official, and Harlan K. Ullman, a Defense Department official.[20][21][22][23][24] Journalist Neil A. Lewis reported, in The New York Times, that ABC would not publicize any new names.[20]

The witnesses were compelled to testify, after being granted immunity from prosecution. In May 2007 a team at ABC News reported on their efforts to determine the identities of Palfrey's clients from her phone records.[25] They reported how many of Palfrey's clients phoned from hotel rooms to obfuscate their identities. They found some clients had exaggerated their importance-one who had bragged about his role in evacuating colleagues from the White House on 9/11 turned out to merely work near The White House.

On April 15, 2008, a jury found Palfrey guilty of money laundering, using the mail for illegal purposes, and racketeering.[1][2] Palfrey believed that contrary to the U.S. Attorney's Office lower estimate, she might spend six or seven years behind bars.[26] She faced a maximum of 55 years in prison.[27]

Death

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On May 1, 2008, roughly two weeks following her April 15 conviction, Palfrey was found hanging in a storage shed outside her mother's mobile home in Tarpon Springs, Florida. Police found handwritten suicide notes in the bedroom where she was staying, dated a week before her death. The autopsy and the final police investigation concluded her death was a suicide.[3][5][28]

Palfrey's death resulted in her conviction being vacated.[29]

Suicide notes

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Palfrey's two handwritten notes were released to the public. In one of them, she wrote to her sister, "You must comprehend there was no way out, I.E. 'exit strategy,' for me other than the one I have chosen here." In another, she described her predicament as a "modern-day lynching". She said she feared that, at the end of serving her sentence, she would be "in my late 50s a broken, penniless and very much alone woman".[28][30]

Speculation surrounding her death

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The New York Times' Patrick J. Lyons wrote on the Times' blog, The Lede, that some on the Internet were skeptical that her death was a suicide.[31] After investigating the crime scene, however, police found "no new evidence [that] would indicate anything other than suicide by hanging," and a police investigative report released six months later concluded that her death had been a suicide.[3][5] The police stated that Palfrey's family believed the notes were written by Palfrey.[32][33]

In early 2007, Palfrey learned of the death, apparently through suicide by hanging, of Brandi Britton, one of her former escort service employees.[34] Palfrey reacted to this news by saying, "I guess I'm made of something that Brandy Britton wasn't made of." According to her former attorney, Montgomery Blair Sibley, she even took the extraordinary step of writing directly to the prosecutor, promising to show more resolve than Britton.[35]

Journalist Dan Moldea, who was working with Palfrey on a book, recalled that in a 2007 conversation, Palfrey told him, "I am not going back to prison. I will commit suicide first."[26] He said her previous prison experience had traumatized her and she felt she couldn't do it again.[1][34]

Palfrey's customer list

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On July 9, 2007, Palfrey released the supposed entirety of her phone records for public viewing and downloading on the Internet in TIFF format though days prior to this her civil attorney, Montgomery Blair Sibley, had dispatched 54 CD-ROM copies to researchers, activists, and journalists.[citation needed]

2016 Presidential Election

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Montgomery Blair Sibley, Palfrey's former attorney, claims to have her phone records and that they are relevant to the 2016 presidential election.[36][37][38][39][40] In April 2016, the U.S. Supreme Court denied the request to lift a lower court order, made by then-DC Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit Merrick Garland, in place since 2007, that bars Sibley from releasing any information about her records.[41]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e Stacy, Mitch (May 3, 2008). "'D.C. madam' who vowed not to go to prison kills herself". Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 5, 2008. Retrieved May 4, 2008.
  2. ^ a b c Rood, Justin (April 15, 2008). "D.C. Madam: Guilty". ABC News. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved May 2, 2008.
  3. ^ a b c "Police Close 'D.C. Madam' Investigation, Confirm She Died by Suicide". Fox News. Associated Press. October 31, 2008. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
  4. ^ "D.C. Madam: 'There was no way out'". CNN. May 5, 2008. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved May 5, 2008.
  5. ^ a b c Thompson, Stephen (October 31, 2008). "Police Officially Conclude 'D.C. Madam' Hanged Herself". The Suncoast News. Archived from the original on October 3, 2011. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
  6. ^ a b c d "'I Abhor Injustice,' Alleged Madam Says". The Washington Post. April 29, 2007. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2007.
  7. ^ "Former madam comes across as an enigma". The San Diego Union-Tribune. April 1, 2007. Archived from the original on April 9, 2016. Retrieved April 1, 2007.
  8. ^ Lou Cabron (May 3, 2008). "Death of a Madam". 10 Zen Monkeys. Archived from the original on January 16, 2016. Retrieved November 16, 2008.
  9. ^ a b c d "New D.C. Sex Scandal Looming? Feds target escort service in money launder, prostitution probe". The Smoking Gun. October 9, 2006. Archived from the original on September 26, 2015. Retrieved April 29, 2007.
  10. ^ Susie Bright (August 27, 2007). "The D.C. Madam Speaks". 10 Zen Monkeys. Archived from the original on March 26, 2016. Retrieved May 5, 2008.
  11. ^ "Senator Caught In "D.C. Madam" Scandal". cbsnews.com. July 9, 2007. Archived from the original on December 12, 2013.
  12. ^ ""D.C. Madam" Speaks with ABC News". ABC News' The Blotter. April 29, 2007. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016.
  13. ^ Montes, Sue Anne Pressley (April 29, 2007). "Escort-service scandal set to ignite D.C. explosion". The Seattle Times. Archived from the original on February 21, 2019. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  14. ^ "Deborah Jeane Palfrey - Telephone Records". Archived from the original on September 14, 2007.
  15. ^ Buncombe, Andrew (May 6, 2007). "Network refuses to name clients of 'DC madam'". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on December 30, 2007. Retrieved July 10, 2007.
  16. ^ Murray, Shailagh (July 10, 2007). "Senator's Number on 'Madam' Phone List". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 6, 2008. Retrieved October 13, 2014.
  17. ^ Chris Amos (April 10, 2008). "Navy officer testifies in D.C. Madam case". Navy Times. Archived from the original on January 29, 2013. Retrieved May 26, 2010. Lt. Cmdr. Rebecca Dickinson told federal prosecutors at U.S. District Court in Washington, D.C., that she had sex with nearly every client she met while working for Deborah Jeane Palfrey from October 2005 until April 2006.
  18. ^ Josh Mitchell (April 13, 2008). "Debt forced Naval officer to become call girl". Go Erie. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2010. A Navy officer who testified this week that she moonlighted for an alleged prostitution ring while stationed at the Naval Academy in Annapolis, Md., was nearly $300,000 in debt at the time despite a Navy income of more than $93,000, court records show.
  19. ^ Paul Duggan (April 10, 2010). "Navy Officer Took Call Girl Job: Supply Official Testifies She Moonlighted at Escort Service". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 10, 2012. Retrieved May 26, 2010. The women were compelled to testify by prosecutors under grants of immunity that prevented them from remaining silent under the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination.
  20. ^ a b Neil A. Lewis (May 5, 2007). "Names Not Worth Mentioning, ABC Decides in Escort Case". The New York Times. Washington, D.C. p. A10. Archived from the original on May 13, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2016. The most prominent person in the phone records, ABC executives said, was Randall L. Tobias. Mr. Tobias had been a top foreign aid adviser in the State Department until his resignation on April 27 after he acknowledged to Mr. Ross that he was a client of Ms. Palfrey's business, but used it only to obtain massages.
  21. ^ "Senior Official Linked to Escort Service Resigns". ABC News. April 27, 2007. Archived from the original on May 1, 2007.
  22. ^ "State Department official resigns over 'D.C. madam'". CNN. April 28, 2007. Archived from the original on May 1, 2007. Retrieved May 22, 2010.
  23. ^ Glenn Kessler (April 28, 2007). "Rice Deputy Quits After Query Over Escort Service". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 22, 2010.
  24. ^ "Resignation of Ambassador Randall Tobias". United States Department of State. April 28, 2007.
  25. ^ Brian Ross; Justin Rood; Lisa Schwartz (May 4, 2007). "Decoding the Madam's Phone Records: How We Did It". ABC News. Archived from the original on May 5, 2008. Retrieved April 7, 2016.
  26. ^ a b Mairano, Willoughby (May 2, 2008). "D.C. madam's mystery death: The Orlando connection". Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the original on May 5, 2008. Retrieved May 2, 2008.
  27. ^ "911 tapes released in D.C. Madam's death". WTOP-FM. May 2, 2008. Archived from the original on June 11, 2011. Retrieved May 4, 2008.
  28. ^ a b "D.C. madam calls trial 'lynching' in death note". The Journal Gazette. May 6, 2008. Archived from the original on October 2, 2011. Retrieved May 19, 2008.
  29. ^ Meek, James Gordon (May 21, 2008). "D.C. Madam's Conviction Dead on Arrival". Daily News. Archived from the original on May 28, 2008. Retrieved May 21, 2008. IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that...the jury verdicts are vacated and the indictment in this matter is dismissed.
  30. ^ "D.C. Madam: 'There was no way out' (text of suicide notes)". CNN. May 5, 2008. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved May 5, 2008.
  31. ^ Lyons, Patrick J. (May 2, 2008). "Skepticism and Sadness After Death of 'D.C. Madam'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 5, 2008. Retrieved May 2, 2008.
  32. ^ "In suicide note, 'D.C. Madam' said she didn't want prison". WIFR 23. Associated Press. May 5, 2008. Archived from the original on October 18, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
  33. ^ Dvorak, Petula (May 5, 2008). "Palfrey Suicide Notes Are Released". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 5, 2008.
  34. ^ a b Zagorin, Adam (May 1, 2008). "D.C. Madam: Suicide Before Prison". Time. Archived from the original on March 8, 2016. Retrieved May 1, 2008.
  35. ^ Montgomery Blair Sibley (2009). Why Just Her: The Judicial Lynching of the D.C. Madam, Deborah Jeane Palfrey. Why Just Her. pp. 117–118. ISBN 9781439227954. Retrieved April 6, 2016. Unlike Ms Britton however, I am a ferocious fighter when need be. Knowing my intense makeup as I do, far more than even my attorneys comprehend at this juncture and my belief in the solidness of my case, I can state with unequivocal certainty this situation will be a very long and unpleasant one...
  36. ^ "Ex-lawyer asks Supreme Court to allow release of 'D.C. Madam' phone records - or else". WTOP. March 28, 2016. Retrieved April 3, 2016.
  37. ^ Nelson, Steven (March 31, 2016). "D.C. Madam's Attorney Says Election Bombshell Already Online". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
  38. ^ "D.C. Madam's Attorney: I Have Bombshell Information That Could Affect 2016 Election". Inside Edition. April 2016. Retrieved April 3, 2016.
  39. ^ "Has Anonymous Dropped Ted Cruz 'DC Madam' Phone Dox?". The Right Perspective. Retrieved April 3, 2016.
  40. ^ Heil, Emily (February 2, 2016). "Former lawyer for the 'D.C. Madam' says names in her records could be 'relevant' to election". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved April 3, 2016.
  41. ^ "SCOTUS Denies Request from D.C. Madam's Attorney to Release Info". NBC News. April 5, 2016. Retrieved April 5, 2016.
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