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MV Dali

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Dali in the Port of Rotterdam in 2018
History
NameDali
NamesakeSalvador Dalí[1]
Owner
  • Stellar Marine LLC (2015–2016)[2]
  • Grace Ocean Pte. Ltd. (2016–present)[3]
Operator
  • Maersk (charterer)
  • Oceanbulk Container Management (2015–2016)[2]
  • Synergy Marine Pte. Ltd. (2016–present)[2]
Port of registry
Ordered14 May 2013[4]
BuilderHyundai Heavy Industries (Ulsan, South Korea)[5]
Yard number2678[5]
Laid down10 October 2014[5]
Launched27 December 2014[5]
Christened5 January 2015[1]
Completed5 March 2015[5]
Identification
StatusActive
General characteristics
Class and typeNeopanamax container ship
Tonnage
  • 95,128 GT
  • 52,150 NT
  • 116,851 DWT
Displacement148,984 t (146,631 long tons)[4]
Length299.92 m (984 ft)
Beam48.2 m (158 ft 2 in)
Draught15.03 m (49 ft 4 in)
Depth24.8 m (81 ft 4 in)
Installed powerMAN-B&W 9S90ME-C9.2; 41,480 kW (55,630 hp)
PropulsionSingle shaft; fixed pitch propeller
Speed22 knots (41 km/h; 25 mph)
Capacity9,971 TEU

MV Dali is a Neopanamax container ship built by Hyundai Heavy Industries, best known for causing the collapse of the Francis Scott Key Bridge in Baltimore by alliding[a] with it on March 26, 2024. Contracted in 2013, her hull was laid down in October 2014, launched in December, and she was named after Spanish painter Salvador Dalí in January 2015. In March, she was delivered to Stellar Marine, a subsidiary of the Greek shipowner Oceanbulk Maritime. She has been owned by Grace Ocean Ltd., a Singaporean company, since 2016, and she is flagged in Singapore. In July 2016, she allided with the berth at the container terminal of the Port of Antwerp, causing significant damage to the ship and the berth.

Dali was sold from Stellar Marine to Grace Ocean, a Singaporean company, in October 2016; she was placed under the management of Synergy Marine and reflagged as Singaporean. A faulty fuel pressure gauge was detected at the port of San Antonio, Chile, in June 2023; the gauge was replaced and no faults were detected at a further check three months later. On 26 March 2024, shortly after leaving the Port of Baltimore with a crew of 22 and two Maryland pilots en route to Colombo, Sri Lanka, the ship lost power and struck a support pillar of the Francis Scott Key Bridge, causing its collapse. Although traffic had been stopped on the bridge after a mayday call, six construction workers were killed.

Description

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Dali is a Neopanamax container ship[8] with a length of 299.92 metres (984 ft), beam of 48.2 metres (158 ft 2 in), moulded depth of 24.8 metres (81 ft 4 in), and summer draft of 15.03 metres (49 ft 4 in). Her gross and net tonnages are 91,128 and 52,150, respectively, and her deadweight tonnage is 116,851 tonnes. Her container capacity is 9,971 twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU).[5]

Dali is propelled by a single low-speed two-stroke crosshead diesel engine coupled to a fixed-pitch propeller. Her main engine, a 9-cylinder MAN-B&W 9S90ME-C9.2[9] unit manufactured by Hyundai Heavy Industries under license, is rated 41,480 kW (55,630 hp) at 82.5 rpm.[5] Her service speed is 22 knots (41 km/h; 25 mph).[1] For maneuvering, Dali has a single 3,000 kW (4,000 hp) bow thruster. Electricity is generated onboard by two 3,840 kW (5,150 hp) and two 4,400 kW (5,900 hp) auxiliary diesel generators.[4]

Construction

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On 14 May 2013,[4] Hyundai Heavy Industries was contracted to build two container ships based on the "Hyundai 9000 wide beam" design that was modified by moving the wheelhouse from three-quarters aft to a more forward position to increase the container capacity from 9,034 to 9,962 TEU.[8] A further two similar ships were ordered for CMA CGM and four for Maersk later in 2013.[4]

The construction began in Ulsan, South Korea, in July 2014 and the hull with the yard number 2678 was laid down on 10 October 2014 and launched on 27 December of the same year.[5] On 5 January 2015, Dali and her sister ship Cezanne were named for painters Salvador Dalí and Paul Cézanne.[1]

Service

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Dali was delivered to Stellar Marine LLC, a subsidiary of the Greek shipowner Oceanbulk Maritime SA, on 5 March 2015 and registered in Majuro, Marshall Islands. In October 2016, she was sold to Grace Ocean Pte. Ltd. and placed under the management of Synergy Marine Pte. Ltd., both based in Singapore where the ship was also reflagged.[2] The ship has been chartered to the Danish shipping and logistics company Maersk since it was delivered in 2015.[8]

On 11 July 2016, Dali collided (in maritime terms, allided[a]) with the berth at the container terminal in the Port of Antwerp, Belgium, causing significant damage to her stern and transom.[10] The berth was also damaged and closed for cargo handling operations. No injuries or water pollution were reported.[11]

While in the port of San Antonio, Chile, in June 2023, port state control inspection revealed a single deficiency related to "gauges, thermometers etc." in the ship's machinery, subsequently clarified as a monitor gauge for fuel pressure which was rectified prior to departure.[12] The ship was not detained, and at the follow-up inspection in the United States, three months later, no problems were identified.[2][4][13]

Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse

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Main article: Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse
Dali with bridge wreckage across her bow
Dali's size, though considered large, is less than that of the largest container ship.[14]

On 26 March 2024, Dali departed the Port of Baltimore in the United States, carrying a total load of nearly 4,700 containers and bound for Colombo, Sri Lanka, while under charter to Maersk,[3] with a crew of 22[15] and two pilots.[16] Shortly after leaving the port, the ship lost power, but was able to broadcast a mayday call.[17] Soon afterwards, she collided with a support pillar of the Francis Scott Key Bridge, causing a major part of the bridge to collapse, with one span falling onto the ship's forecastle.[18][19] None of the 24 on board were seriously injured. All moving traffic had left the bridge, but six construction workers died.[20][21][22] The National Transportation Safety Board is conducting the investigation and interviewing the crew.[23][24]

Grace Ocean Private and Synergy Marine Group filed a joint petition on 1 April in the Maryland U.S. District Court to limit their liability to about $43.6 million under the Limitation of Liability Act of 1851.[25] Chief judge James K. Bredar is overseeing the proceedings.[26] On 17 April, Grace Ocean Private filed a general average declaration to require cargo owners to cover part of the salvage costs.[27]

Dali undergoing repairs at the Norfolk Naval Shipyard in Norfolk, Virginia

On 23 April, the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore filed papers, in the Northern District of Maryland, seeking a jury trial within the district, to obtain compensation from Grace Ocean Private Limited of Singapore (Owners), and Synergy Marine PE Ltd of Singapore (managers), for the resultant financial losses. The plaintiffs alleged that the defendants provided an incompetent, inattentive, improperly trained, improperly supervised crew, on an improperly maintained and unseaworthy vessel, resulting in the bridge collapse, harming the city.[28]

The collapsed parts of the bridge were separated from the ship on 13 May by explosives.[29] A week later the authorities removed Dali using tugboats which then berthed the ship at the Seagirt Marine Terminal,[30] for inspection, assessment, and debris removal. Dali arrived in Hampton Roads on June 25, 2024 in order to unload its cargo at Virginia International Gateway and then undergo repairs.[31][32] Dali departed to China in September 2024.[33]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b A crash between two moving vessels is a collision; a crash between a moving vessel and a stationary object, such as a bridge, is an allision. Maritime law treats the two differently: in the latter, the moving vessel is generally presumed to be at fault.[6] This usually makes it easier to prove liability, shortening post-crash legal wrangling.[7]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d "HHI Names Two Containerships for New Year". maritime-executive.com. 5 January 2015. Archived from the original on 4 April 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h "Dali (9697426)". Equasis. Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
  3. ^ a b "Who are Synergy Marine Group, the company that manages the ship responsible for Baltimore bridge collapse?". en.as.com. 26 March 2024. Archived from the original on 26 March 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Dali (9697428)". Sea-web. S&P Global. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h "Dali (159208)". Register of ships. Nippon Kaiji Kyokai. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  6. ^ This principle is dubbed "the Oregon Rule" (Parker, Bradley S. (2007). "Recent Developments in Admiralty and Maritime Law". Tort Trial & Insurance Practice Law Journal. 42 (2): 233–249. ISSN 1543-3234. JSTOR 25763835. "A Costly Lapse in Judgment". MarineLink. 18 December 2018. Retrieved 10 May 2024.). This rule has generally applied since 1895, when the U.S. Supreme Court decided a case involving the SS Oregon. "U.S. Reports: Oregon, The, 158 U.S. 186 (1895)". Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  7. ^ "Allision (Not Collision) Nautical Term Definition". Law Offices of Charles D. Naylor. 23 January 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  8. ^ a b c "9,962-TEU wide beamed Jenny Box joins Maersk's China-India service". www.aseanlines.com. 6 August 2015. Archived from the original on 27 March 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  9. ^ "Marine MAN Ltd – DALI (Container ship)". ships.jobmarineman.com. Archived from the original on 4 April 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  10. ^ "VIDEO: Mega container ship Dali Allided with berth at Port of Antwerp". www.vesselfinder.com. 14 July 2016. Archived from the original on 26 March 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  11. ^ "Cargo ship that hit Baltimore bridge was involved in Antwerp collision in 2016". www.theguardian.com. 26 March 2024. Archived from the original on 26 March 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  12. ^ "Baltimore bridge collapse: Singapore-flagged ship passed foreign port inspections, says MPA". Channel News Asia. 27 March 2024. Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
  13. ^ Jara A., Ramón (26 March 2024). "Barco que derribó puente de Baltimore fue inspeccionado en Chile, donde se le detectaron "deficiencias"" [Ship that demolished the Baltimore bridge was inspected in Chile, where "deficiencies" were detected]. Emol (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 27 March 2024. Retrieved 27 March 2024. De acuerdo con el Sistema Electrónico de Información de Calidad del Envío (Equasis), el buque "Dali" fue revisado en junio de 2023 en el puerto de San Antonio. [According to the Electronic Shipping Quality Information System (Equasis), the "Dali" vessel was inspected in June 2023 at the port of San Antonio.]
  14. ^ Koeze, Ella (28 March 2024). "The Dali Is a Big Ship. But Not the Biggest". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 30 March 2024. Source credits: "Sources: "The Geography of Transport Systems," by Jean-Paul Rodrigue; VesselFinder; the Empire State Building; the Eiffel Tower; ShipHub; Maryland Port Administration".
  15. ^ "Baltimore Bridge Collapse". www.npr.org. 26 March 2024. Archived from the original on 26 March 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  16. ^ "What we know about the container ship that crashed into the Baltimore bridge". www.businessinsider.com. 26 March 2024. Archived from the original on 26 March 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  17. ^ "Live Updates: 6 People Are Missing in Baltimore Bridge Collapse". The New York Times. 26 March 2024. Archived from the original on 27 March 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  18. ^ Yoon, John (26 March 2024). "Cargo Ship Hits Key Bridge in Baltimore, Triggering Partial Collapse". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 26 March 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  19. ^ "Part of Francis Scott Key Bridge in Baltimore collapses after being hit by large ship; cars in water". CBS News. 26 March 2024. Archived from the original on 26 March 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  20. ^ Jester, Julia; Smith, Patrick; Siemaszko, Corky; Helsel, Phil (26 March 2024). "6 workers presumed dead after cargo ship crash levels Baltimore bridge, company says". NBC News. Archived from the original on 26 March 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  21. ^ Loh, Matthew; Syme, Pete; Friel, Mikhaila; Jankowicz, Mia; and Thompson, Polly (26 March 2024). "What we know about the container ship that crashed into the Baltimore bridge". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 26 March 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  22. ^ Plambeck, Sean (26 March 2024). "Coast Guard Ends Search for 6 Missing in Bridge Disaster". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 27 March 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  23. ^ Cox, Erin; Jouvenal, Justin; Nguyen, Danny; hermann, Peter; Hilton, Jasmine (27 March 2024). "Baltimore bridge collapse recovery team finds victims' likely vehicles". The Washington Post. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
  24. ^ Perry, Nick (28 March 2024). "What to know about the cargo ship Dali, a mid-sized ocean monster that took down a Baltimore bridge". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 28 March 2024. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  25. ^ Kunzelman, Michael; Boone, Rebecca (1 April 2024). "Cargo ship's owner and manager seek to limit legal liability for deadly bridge disaster in Baltimore". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 1 April 2024. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
  26. ^ "PETITION FOR EXONERATION FROM OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY" (PDF). United States District Court for the District of Maryland. 1 April 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved 8 April 2024. Petitioners, through undersigned counsel Duane Morris LLP and Blank Rome LLP ...
  27. ^ "Owner of ship in Baltimore bridge collapse asks cargo owners to help cover salvage costs". Associated Press. 17 April 2024. Archived from the original on 17 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
  28. ^ Marcos, Coral Murphy (23 April 2024). "Baltimore bridge collapse: city says ship was 'unseaworthy' before leaving port". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  29. ^ Pashby, Tom (14 May 2024). "Baltimore bridge collapse - US Army uses explosives to remove bridge section from boat". New Civil Engineer. London. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
  30. ^ Smith, Patrick (20 May 2024). "Container ship removed 8 weeks after Francis Scott Key Bridge crash in Baltimore". NBC News. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
  31. ^ Diez, Waldy; Warner, Kendall (25 June 2024). "Dali arrives: Ship that crashed into Baltimore bridge is in Hampton Roads". Virginian-Pilot. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
  32. ^ Robertson, Campbell (20 May 2024). "Cargo Ship That Crashed Into Baltimore Bridge Moves Back to Port". The New York Times. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  33. ^ "Baltimore bridge ship Dali returns to China". Seanews. Retrieved 2 October 2024.
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