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Disney Character Voices International

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Disney Character Voices International, Inc.
Company typeSubsidiary
Founded1988; 36 years ago (1988)
FounderMichael Eisner
HeadquartersBurbank, California, United States
OwnerThe Walt Disney Company

Disney Character Voices International, Inc. is a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company with primary responsibility for the provision of translation and dubbing services for all Disney productions including those by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, Disney Music Group, and Disney Platform Distribution. This division also supervises dubbings for Disney theme parks and derived games. An office of the division is present in several countries around the world.[1][2]

History

[edit]
Headquarters of DCVI at the old Animation Building at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California

The first dubbing issued for a Disney movie was Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, which was originally distributed in 1938 in various Western languages. Walt Disney expressed to Tatiana Angelini, Swedish voice of Snow White, that she was his personal favorite international voice for the character.[3] The movie premiered at the 6th Venice International Film Festival, winning the Grand Art Trophy special award.[4] Disney was unable to secure distribution in Nazi Germany. To make a German-language version for Austria and Switzerland, Disney recorded native German voice talent in Amsterdam.[5][6][7]

In the 1940s, Jimmy Johnson named Jack Cutting, Disney animator since 1930, responsible for the dubbing of Disney movies foreign languages.[8] In 1948, Disney received a Special Achievement Award at the 5th Golden Globe Awards for succeeding in producing a Hindustani dubbing of Bambi right after the end of the Indian independence movement, for "furthering the (American) influence of the screen".[9][10] While Bambi was the first movie to be dubbed in Hindustani, it is unknown whether more movies followed, or if the next dubbings produced by Disney India had to wait for Aladdin to be released in 1993 in Hindi, Tamil and Telugu.[11] The DCVI affiliate branch itself was founded in 1988, when Michael Eisner decided to set up a dubbing department, directed by Roy Disney.[12]

In July 2024, actor labor union Screen Actors Guild-American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (SAG-AFTRA), which also has numerous video game voice actors as members, would initiate a labor strike against a number of video publishers, including Disney Character Voices, over concerns about lack of A.I. protections concerning not only video game voice actors, but also the use of A.I to replicate an actor's voice, or create a digital replica of their likeness.[13][14]

Cast selection

[edit]
Phil Collins was selected to sing songs from the soundtrack of Tarzan also in French, German, Italian and Spanish for marketing reasons.

To keep the whole production under control, Disney established a centralized system to hold auditions from actors all over the world, for which the Walt Disney Company was awarded a 2017 Technology and Engineering Emmy Awards.[2][15] Rick Dempsey, Senior Vice President of DCVI, said he specifically makes the casting decisions for countries that make the top 14 percent of the box office, which sets the blueprint of the character’s voice with the director of the particular language hub. Local offices placed in countries whose voices are directly selected by DCVI will have competence over a specific geographical area, and they will cast the rest of the region in comparison to the selected voices. According to Dempsey, the voices do not have to be identical to the original English voices, but they must match the character, letting them shine through. Especially since 2000s, local celebrities can sometimes be chosen for their appeal to their respective market more than their ability to match or accentuate the character, to make the movie more appealing to the local audience.[2]

Languages

[edit]

Disney movies are usually released in theaters in a set of languages, which varies depending on the product. All Disney animated movies are systematically dubbed and distributed in a fixed group of languages. However, there are languages covered by the department on an irregular base, which varies depending on the movie.

Dubbings systematically released

[edit]

Over the years, the set of languages covered by DCVI has expanded, with a typical animated tentpole being nowadays distributed in theaters in 39 to 43 territories, an average live-action movie numbering 12 to 15 languages, and a four-quadrant live-action film like Pirates of the Caribbean being dubbed into about 27 tongues.[16] The number of languages involved in the dubbing process varies in accordance with the kind of product, with animation movies covering the largest number, and it has expanded throughout the years.

Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Disney closed all business in Russia, cancelling and removing the production of dubbings issued by The Walt Disney Company CIS,[17][18][19] and shifting the location of the production of Russian theatrical film dubbings to Kazakhstan.

Dubbings irregularly or occasionally released

[edit]
Auliʻi Cravalho
Rachel House
Auliʻi Cravalho and Rachel House reprised their roles in the movie Moana in the Hawaiian and Māori versions respectively.

Moana was released in 2016, which received a total of three special dubbings in Polynesian languages in the space of two years from its original release date.[20][21][22][23][24] Following upon the success of these three productions, a special Northern Sámi dubbing was also made for the movie Frozen II, while no dubbing in this language was made for the first chapter of the series.[25][26] A peculiar case in one-time dubbings are the Arapaho version of Bambi, released in 1994 and the Navajo version of Finding Nemo, released in 2016, made in collaboration with the Wyoming Indian Schools and the Navajo Nation Museum respectively.[27][28] Differently from the rest of special dubbings, these two movies are not linked in any ways to the Arapaho and Navajo cultures, but they were rather chosen as a means to preserve these two languages, teaching them to young generations through a popular Disney movie.[29][30][31] But while the Navajo version of Finding Nemo is a complete dubbing, which includes even a Navajo version of the end-credits song "Beyond the Sea" performed by Fall Out Boy's lead singer Patrick Stump, the Arapaho version of Bambi is only a partial dubbing, where the spoken parts were dubbed, but the songs were left in English.[27][28] The 20th Century Studios film Prey (2022), which contains sequences shot in the Comanche language, received a full Comanche dub.

Irregularly issued:

Occasionally issued:

Special editions:

References

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  1. ^ "With Disney Character Voices International (Sorted by Popularity Ascending)". IMDb. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
  2. ^ a b c "Meet Rick Dempsey". disneyexaminer.com. November 30, 2001. Retrieved April 8, 2017.
  3. ^ "Snövits röst har tystnat". www.expressen.se (in Swedish). Retrieved June 1, 2020.
  4. ^ "ASAC Dati: Ricerca avanzata film". asac.labiennale.org. Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
  5. ^ "ANNO, Österreichische Film-Zeitung, 1938-01-07, Seite 2". anno.onb.ac.at. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
  6. ^ "Sneeuwwitje en de Zeven Dwergen (1937) | Bioscoopfilms | TelevisieGeheugen". www.televisiegeheugen.nl. Retrieved December 8, 2020.[permanent dead link‍]
  7. ^ DFF Deutsches Filminstitut & Filmmuseum (August 20, 2020). "SCHNEEWITTCHEN in drei Synchronfassungen // Vortrag von Prof. Dr. Joseph Garncarz". YouTube. Archived from the original on November 29, 2020.
  8. ^ "Jack Cutting Speaks". www.mouseplanet.com. Retrieved December 8, 2020.
  9. ^ "Walt Disney". www.goldenglobes.com. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
  10. ^ "Golden Globes, USA (1948)". IMDb. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
  11. ^ Team, AnimationXpress (October 26, 2004). "The art of directing dubs: A chat with Ellie Lewis". AnimationXpress. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
  12. ^ "Making Movie Magic in Any Language". D23. December 16, 2016. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
  13. ^ "SAG-AFTRA Members Who Work on Video Games Go on Strike; A.I. Protections Remain the Sticking Point". SAG AFTRA. July 26, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.
  14. ^ Broadway, Danielle (July 25, 2024). "Hollywood's videogame performers to strike over AI, pay concerns". Reuters. Retrieved July 26, 2024.
  15. ^ "The Walt Disney Company Receives 2017 Technology & Engineering Emmy Award". Television Academy. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
  16. ^ "Inside the Weird World of International Dubbing". The Hollywood Reporter. March 14, 2013. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
  17. ^ Rubin, Rebecca (March 10, 2022). "Disney 'Taking Steps to Pause' All Business in Russia". Variety. Retrieved November 18, 2022.
  18. ^ "Disney to pause all business in Russia". Reuters. March 10, 2022. Retrieved November 18, 2022.
  19. ^ "DisneyMusicRussiaVEVO - YouTube". www.youtube.com. Retrieved November 18, 2022.
  20. ^ "'Moana' to be First Disney Film Translated Into Tahitian Language". Entertainment Weekly's EW.com. Retrieved November 14, 2016.
  21. ^ "Moana in Māori hits the big screen". RNZ. September 11, 2017. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
  22. ^ Speak Māori (June 8, 2017), Te Reo Māori Moana Casting, archived from the original on December 21, 2021, retrieved July 14, 2017
  23. ^ "Disney's Moana to make World Premiere in ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi at Ko Olina's World Oceans Day, June 10". Ko Olina. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
  24. ^ "Moana Hawaiian Translation Project | Academy for Creative Media System". Academy for Creative Media System. August 8, 2017. Archived from the original on November 1, 2017. Retrieved November 5, 2017.
  25. ^ Milligan, Mercedes (July 19, 2019). "'Frozen 2' Will Get Sámi Language Version". Animation Magazine. Retrieved July 27, 2019.
  26. ^ Idivuoma, Mariela (November 20, 2019). "Dette er de samiske Disney-stjernene". NRK. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
  27. ^ a b Wiles, Sara (August 15, 2005). "Walt Disney's Bambi – The Arapaho Language Version". Tribal College Journal of American Indian Higher Education. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
  28. ^ a b "Making Movie Magic in Any Language". D23. December 16, 2016. Retrieved December 8, 2020.
  29. ^ Wall Street Journal. "Navajo Version of 'Finding Nemo' Aims to Promote Language". YouTube. Archived from the original on August 29, 2020.
  30. ^ Hinton, Leanne (1996). "Review of Bambi: The Arapaho Language Version". International Journal of American Linguistics. 62 (2): 210–214. doi:10.1086/466290. ISSN 0020-7071. JSTOR 1265780.
  31. ^ "Navajo Version of 'Finding Nemo' Aims to Promote Language", YouTube, December 22, 2014, retrieved December 22, 2014
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