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1975–76 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season

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1975–76 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formed17 November 1975
Last system dissipated12 April 1976
Strongest storm
NameTerry-Danae
 • Maximum winds175 km/h (110 mph)
(10-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure964 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Total disturbances8
Total depressions6 (record low, tied with 2010–11)
Total storms6
Tropical cyclones1
Intense tropical cyclones1
Total fatalitiesUnknown
Total damageUnknown
Related articles
South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone seasons
1973–74, 1974–75, 1975–76, 1976–77, 1977–78

The 1975–76 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season was a below-average cyclone season. The season officially ran from November 1, 1975, to April 30, 1976.

Systems

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Tropical cyclone scales#Comparisons across basins

Moderate Tropical Storm Audrey

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Moderate tropical storm (MFR)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationNovember 17 – November 29
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
995 hPa (mbar)

Moderate Tropical Storm Audrey developed on November 17. Audrey struck Madagascar shortly before dissipating on November 29.

Tropical Cyclone Barbara

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Tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
 
DurationDecember 3 – December 19
Peak intensity150 km/h (90 mph) (10-min);
980 hPa (mbar)

Severe Tropical Storm Barbara developed on December 3. It made landfall in Madagascar twice before dissipating on December 19.

Very Intense Tropical Cyclone Clotilde

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Very intense tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
 
DurationJanuary 7 – January 21
Peak intensity250 km/h (155 mph) (10-min);
980 hPa (mbar)

Very Intense Tropical Cyclone Clotilde developed on January 7. It struck Madagascar and continued southeastward in the Indian Ocean before dissipating on January 21.

Very Intense Tropical Cyclone Terry–Danae

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Very intense tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 3 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
 
DurationJanuary 10 – January 29
Peak intensity260 km/h (160 mph) (10-min);
955 hPa (mbar)

Cyclone Danae first affected Agaléga, where the storm destroyed the wind gauge. Winds were estimated at over 240 km/h (150 mph). The storm also produced high waves that affected the northern coast of Réunion, flooding coastal roads.[1] Cyclone Danae later struck Madagascar and then hit the east coast of Mozambique and South Africa in late January 1976. 50 people were killed in the flooding that resulted from the heavy rainfall of Cyclone Danae.[2]

In South Africa, rainfall totals reached over 250 mm (9.8 in) in the northeastern portion of the country, which caused widespread river flooding.[3]

Moderate Tropical Storm Ella

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Moderate tropical storm (MFR)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationMarch 9 – March 12
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min);
995 hPa (mbar)

Moderate Tropical Storm Ella developed on March 9. It struck Mozambique shortly before dissipating on March 12.

Moderate Tropical Storm Frederique

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Moderate tropical storm (MFR)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationMarch 25 – March 26
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min);
1005 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Disturbance Frederique existed from March 25 to March 26. It formed shortly before dissipating.

Moderate Tropical Storm Gladys

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Moderate tropical storm (MFR)
 
DurationMarch 27 – April 10
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
998 hPa (mbar)

Moderate Tropical Storm Gladys developed on March 27. It struck Madagascar and later Mozambique. Gladys then moved erratically in the Mozambique Channel before dissipating on April 10.

Moderate Tropical Storm Bert–Heliotrope

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Moderate tropical storm (MFR)
 
DurationApril 3 – April 12
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
1000 hPa (mbar)

Moderate Tropical Storm Bert–Heliotrope existed from April 3 to April 12. It caused no damage or casualties and did not make landfall.

Season effects

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Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Category Wind speed Pressure
Audrey November 17 – 29, 1975 Moderate tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [4]
Barbara December 3 – 19, 1975 Tropical cyclone 175 km/h (110 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) None None None [4]
Clotilde January 7 – 21, 1976 Very Intense Tropical cyclone 250 km/h (155 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) None None None [4]
Terry–Danae January 10 – 29, 1976 Very Intense Tropical cyclone 260 km/h (160 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) None None None [4]
Elsa March 9 - 12, 1976 Moderate tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [4]
Frederique March 25 – 26, 1976 Moderate tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 1005 hPa (29.68 inHg) None None None [4]
Gladys March 27 – April 10, 1976 Moderate tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) None None None [4]
Bert–Heliotrope April 3 – 12, 1976 Moderate tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None None None [4]
Carol May 3 – 9, 1976 Moderate tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) None None None [5]
Season aggregates
8 systems 260 km/h (160 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg)

See also

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  • Atlantic hurricane seasons: 1975, 1976
  • Eastern Pacific hurricane seasons: 1975, 1976
  • Western Pacific typhoon seasons: 1975, 1976
  • North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 1975, 1976

References

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  1. ^ Hurricane Danae, 11-27 January. National Climatic Data Center (Report). Global tropical/extratropical cyclone climatic atlas. 1996. Retrieved February 7, 2019.
  2. ^ "WeatherSA Home: Johannesburg". Archived from the original on 2009-10-01. Retrieved 2019-02-18.
  3. ^ Z.P. Kovács; D.B. Du Plessis; P.R. Bracher; P. Dunn; G.C.L. Mallory (May 1985). Documentation of the 1984 Domoina Floods (PDF) (Report). Department of Water Affairs (South Africa). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2013-07-23.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h "Saison 1975-1976 des perturbations tropicales dans l'océan indien du sud-ouest" [1975-1976 Tropical disturbance season in the southwestern Indian Ocean]. Météorologie Maritime (in French). No. 95. 1977. pp. 44–48. ISSN 0222-5123.
  5. ^ "1976 Moderate Tropical Storm Carol (1976124S07092)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
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