Crime in Poland: Difference between revisions
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'''Crime in Poland''' is lower than in many countries of [[Western Europe]]. The 2005 surveys placed Poland below the European average, with victimisation rate lower than in Ireland, England and Wales, Iceland, Northern Ireland, Estonia, Netherlands, Denmark, Switzerland, Belgium, Sweden and Norway<ref>J. van Dijk, J. van Kesteren, P. Smit, [http://www.unicri.it/wwd/analysis/icvs/pdf_files/ICVS2004_05report.pdf Criminal Victimisation in International Perspective, Key Findings from the 2004-2005 ICVS and EU ICS], WODC 2007</ref>. Newer studies (2009) report that the victimisation rate in Poland is constantly decreasing, and in 2008 Poland was 25th among 36 European countries <ref>A. Siemaszko, B. Gruszczyńska, M. Marczewski [http://www.iws.org.pl/index.php?id=196 Atlas przestępczości w Polsce 4], Instytut Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości, 2009</ref> <ref>E. Siedlecka, [http://wyborcza.pl/1,75248,6337224,Lawinowy_spadek_przestepczosci.html Lawinowy spadek przestępczości], Gazeta Wyborcza, 2.3.2009</ref>. Nevertheless, the 2004 report on security concerns of European Union residents indicates that most afraid of crime is the population of Poland (along with Greece), which does not at all correlate with the actual crime threat<ref>J. van Dijk, R. Manchin, J. van Kesteren, S. Nevala, G. Hideg [http://www.europeansafetyobservatory.eu/downloads/EUICS_The%20Burden%20of%20Crime%20in%20the%20EU.pdf The Burden of Crime in the EU] Research Report: A Comparative Analysis of the European Crime and Safety Survey (EU ICS) 2005</ref>. |
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Car theft rate in Poland is about the European average and it is lower than in England and Wales, Portugal, Northern Ireland, Denmark, Bulgaria, Ireland, Spain, Netherlands, Iceland, Italy and Norway <ref>J. van Dijk, J. van Kesteren, P. Smit, [http://www.unicri.it/wwd/analysis/icvs/pdf_files/ICVS2004_05report.pdf Criminal Victimisation in International Perspective, Key Findings from the 2004-2005 ICVS and EU ICS], WODC 2007</ref>. |
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The [[crime rate]] is the highest in the [[Upper Silesia]], where both the earnings and the unemployment is the highest and the number of social [[deviation]]s is growing. |
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==Organized crime== |
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While local organized crime in Poland existed during the interwar period, it has mostly developed during the time of [[fall of communism]] (late 1980s/1990s) with the introduction of [[capitalism|capitalist]] system in Poland and the lessening of the [[Polish police|police]] ([[milicja]]) power. Currently the so-called Polish [[mafia]] has two major groups: the ''[[Pruszków]] Mafia'' and the ''[[Wołomin]] Mafia''. |
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==Crime in Poland by city== |
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List of Polish cities most affected by crimes<ref>''[[Wprost]]'', June 2006</ref> |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" align=center style="text-align: center" |
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|- |
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!No. |
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!City |
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!Number of crimes<br />per 100,000 inhabitants |
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|- |
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|1. |
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|[[Katowice]] |
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|7063,7 |
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|- |
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|2. |
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|[[Chorzów]] |
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|6733,3 |
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|- |
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|3. |
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|[[Legnica]] |
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|6361,5 |
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|- |
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|4. |
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|[[Kalisz]] |
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|6228,2 |
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|- |
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|5. |
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|[[Gdańsk]] |
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|6133,7 |
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|- |
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|6. |
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|[[Poznań]] |
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|6109,2 |
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|- |
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|7. |
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|[[Wrocław]] |
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|5983,4 |
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|- |
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|8. |
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|[[Kraków]] |
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|5974,2 |
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|- |
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|9. |
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|[[Kielce]] |
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|5926,6 |
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|- |
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|10. |
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|[[Gliwice]] |
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|5733,5 |
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|- |
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|11. |
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|[[Opole]] |
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|5649,8 |
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|- |
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|12. |
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|[[Włocławek]] |
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|5626,9 |
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|- |
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|13. |
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|[[Warszawa]] |
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|5353,2 |
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|- |
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|14. |
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|[[Bytom]] |
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|5332,5 |
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|- |
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|15. |
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|[[Elbląg]] |
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|5328,1 |
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|- |
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|16. |
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|[[Zielona Góra]] |
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|5193,2 |
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|- |
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|17. |
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|[[Tarnów]] |
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|5187,3 |
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|- |
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|18. |
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|[[Gorzów Wielkopolski]] |
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|5156,6 |
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|- |
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|19. |
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|[[Szczecin]] |
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|5120,9 |
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|- |
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|20. |
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|[[Toruń]] |
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|5120,2 |
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|- |
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|21. |
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|[[Łódź]] |
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|5116,4 |
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|- |
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|22. |
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|[[Sosnowiec]] |
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|5051,7 |
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|- |
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|23. |
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|[[Bielsko-Biała]] |
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|4969,1 |
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|- |
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|24. |
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|[[Lublin]] |
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|4968,7 |
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|- |
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|25. |
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|[[Zabrze]] |
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|4808,8 |
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|- |
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|26. |
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|[[Wałbrzych]] |
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|4710,2 |
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|- |
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|27. |
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|[[Dąbrowa Górnicza]] |
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|4690,8 |
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|- |
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|28. |
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|[[Radom]] |
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|4670,1 |
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|- |
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|29. |
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|[[Bydgoszcz]] |
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|4515,1 |
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|- |
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|30. |
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|[[Rybnik]] |
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|4500,7 |
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|- |
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|31. |
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|[[Gdynia]] |
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|4328,1 |
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|- |
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|32. |
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|[[Olsztyn]] |
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|4317 |
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|- |
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|33. |
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|[[Koszalin]] |
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|4004,7 |
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|- |
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|34. |
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|[[Ruda Śląska]] |
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|3945,3 |
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|- |
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|35. |
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|[[Rzeszów]] |
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|3890,9 |
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|- |
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|36. |
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|[[Tychy]] |
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|3842,7 |
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|- |
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|37. |
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|[[Częstochowa]] |
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|3786,5 |
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|- |
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|38. |
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|[[Płock]] |
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|3262,5 |
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|- |
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|39. |
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|[[Białystok]] |
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|2977 |
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|- |
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|} |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==Further reading== |
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*Emil Pływaczewski, [http://books.google.com/books?id=iegCkMlnI_UC&pg=PA467&lpg=PA467&dq=%22Crime+in+Poland%22+-wikipedia&source=web&ots=eoqK0skknO&sig=6QPkVYbFW-5FVS1M-SenB6j98_A&hl=en ''Organised Crime in Poland: Its Development from 'Real Socialism' to Present Times''] in Cyrille Fijnaut, Letizia Paoli, ''Organised Crime in Europe: Concepts, Patterns and Control Policies in the European Union and Beyond'', Springer, 2004, ISBN 1402026153 |
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*S. P. Bartnicki, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=Epw9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA135&lpg=PA135&dq=%22Crime+in+Poland%22+-wikipedia&source=web&ots=8DloV5NKZQ&sig=Jwu7rlbj4_2bf2CvUDirkmxQll0&hl=en CRIME IN POLAND: TRENDS, REGIONAL PATTERNS AND NEIGHBOURHOOD AWARENESS''], in David J. Evans, David T. Herbert, ''The Geography of Crime'', Routledge, 1989, ISBN 0415004535 |
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* Carl B. Klockars, Sanja Kutnjak Ivkovic, Maria R. Haberfeld, [http://books.google.com/books?id=hMCfVgpHiC4C&pg=PA200&dq=Law+enforcement+in+Poland&as_brr=3&ei=l1j6R8iMB4uOywSR0_ChBA&sig=ClYYA2D727E1ozmBb3B4NSi8kCE Crime in Contemporary Poland] in ''The Contours of Police Integrity'', Sage Publications Inc, 2003, ISBN 0761925864 |
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*[http://www.springerlink.com/content/f93704t537j53k51/ Organized crime in poland: how to combat it?], European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, Volume 2, Numbers 2-3 / June, 1994, 0928-1371 (Print) 1572-9869 (Online) |
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==See also== |
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* [[Football hooliganism in Poland]] |
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* [[Polish Mob]] (in United States) |
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{{Crime in Europe}} |
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{{Crime-stub}} |
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{{Poland-stub}} |
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[[Category:Crime in Poland| ]] |
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[[pl:Przestępczość]] |
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