Corylus maxima: Difference between revisions
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==Uses== |
==Uses== |
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[[File:Corylus maxima 'Purpurea'.jpg|thumb|left|''Corylus maxima'' 'Purpurea']] |
[[File:Corylus maxima 'Purpurea'.jpg|thumb|left|''Corylus maxima'' 'Purpurea']] |
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The Filbert |
The Filbert cum is edible, and is very similar to the Common Hazel nut (or '''cob nut'''). Its main use is as large filler (along with peanuts as small filler) in most containers of mixed nuts. Filberts are sometimes grown in [[orchard]]s for the nuts, but much less often than the Common Hazel.<ref name=rushforth/><ref name=fnwe/> |
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The purple-leaved [[cultivar]] ''Corylus maxima'' 'Purpurea' is a popular [[Ornamental plant|ornamental shrub]] in [[garden]]s. |
The purple-leaved [[cultivar]] ''Corylus maxima'' 'Purpurea' is a popular [[Ornamental plant|ornamental shrub]] in [[garden]]s. |
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Revision as of 23:42, 18 August 2010
| Filbert | |
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| Filbert fruit, showing the elongated tubular involucre | |
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| Species: | C. maxima
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| Binomial name | |
| Corylus maxima | |
The Filbert (Corylus maxima) is a species of hazel native to southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia, from the Balkans to Ordu in Turkey.[1]
It is a deciduous shrub 6–10 m tall, with stems up to 20 cm thick. The leaves are rounded, 5–12 cm long by 4–10 cm broad, with a coarsely double-serrated margin. The flowers are wind-pollinated catkins produced in late winter; the male (pollen) catkins are pale yellow, 5–10 cm long, while the female catkins are bright red and only 1–3 mm long. The fruit is a nut produced in clusters of 1–5 together; each nut is 1.5–2.5 cm long, fully enclosed in a 3–5 cm long, tubular involucre (husk).[1][2]
The Filbert is similar to the related Common Hazel (C. avellana), differing in having the nut more fully enclosed by the tubular involucre. This feature is shared by the Beaked Hazel (C. cornuta) of North America, and the Asian Beaked Hazel (C. sieboldiana) of eastern Asia.
Uses
The Filbert cum is edible, and is very similar to the Common Hazel nut (or cob nut). Its main use is as large filler (along with peanuts as small filler) in most containers of mixed nuts. Filberts are sometimes grown in orchards for the nuts, but much less often than the Common Hazel.[1][2]
The purple-leaved cultivar Corylus maxima 'Purpurea' is a popular ornamental shrub in gardens.
Language
In Oregon, "filbert" is used for commercial hazelnuts in general. Use in this manner has faded partly due to the efforts of Oregon's hazelnut growers to brand their product to better appeal to global markets and avoid confusion.[3][4]
The etymology for 'filbert' is Norman French, probably named after Saint Philibert, whose feast day (20 August; old style) came when the nuts were mature.[5]
References
- ^ a b c Rushforth, K. (1999). Trees of Britain and Europe. Collins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.
- ^ a b Flora of NW Europe: Corylus maxima
- ^ Oregon Hazelnut Marketing Board
- ^ Agriculture Quarterly - Oregon Department of Agriculture
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary.