Aconitic acid

Aconitic acid^[1]
	; cis-aconitic acid
	; trans-aconitic acid
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
	Other names Achilleic acid; equisetic acid; citridinic acid; pyrocitric acid; achilleaic acid; acinitic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	499-12-7 ; 585-84-2 (cis) ; 4023-65-8 (trans) ;
ChemSpider	303 (cis) ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.007.162
PubChem CID	309 (cis and trans);
UNII	93371T1BXP ; OF5471ZHRR (cis) ; 7DB37960CW (trans) ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9060102 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C4H8/c1-3-4-2/h3-4H,1-2H3 Key: GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C6H6O6/c7-4(8)1-3(6(11)12)2-5(9)10/h1H,2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12) Key: GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYAL;
Properties
Chemical formula	C6H6O6
Molar mass	174.108 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless crystals
Melting point	190 °C (374 °F; 463 K) (decomposes) (mixed isomers), 173 °C (cis and trans isomers)
Acidity (pKa)	2.80, 4.46 (trans isomer) 2.78, 4.41, 6.21 (cis isomer)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Aconitic acid refers to organic compounds with the formula HO₂CCH₂C(CO₂H)=CHCO₂H. A white solid, it is clasified as a tricarboxylic acid. The two isomers are cis-aconitic acid and trans-aconitic acid. The conjugate base of cis-aconitic acid, cis-aconitate is an intermediate in the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate in the citric acid cycle. It is acted upon by the enzyme aconitase.

Aconitic acid can be synthesized by dehydration of citric acid using sulfuric acid:^[4]

(HO₂CCH₂)₂C(OH)CO₂H → HO₂CCH=C(CO₂H)CH₂CO₂H + H₂O

A mixture of isomers are generated in this way.

Aconitic acid was originally isolated from Aconitum napellus by Swiss chemist and apothecary Jacques Peschier in 1820.^[5]^[6] It was first prepared by thermal dehydration.^[7]

Like the conjugate bases of other polycarboxylic acid, acotinic acid forms a variety of coordination complexes. One example is the coordination polymer [Zn₃(C₆H₃O₆)₂(H₂O)₆]_n.^[8]

References

^ "Aconitic Acid - Compound Summary (CID 309)". PubChem.
^ Dawson, R. M. C.; Elliott, D. C.; Elliott, W. H. (1989). Data for Biochemical Research (3rd ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 9780198552994.
^ Pfendt, L.; Dražić, B.; Popović, G.; Drakulić, B.; Vitnik, Ž; Juranić, I. (2003). "Determination of all pKa values of some di- and tri-carboxylic unsaturated and epoxy acids and their polylinear correlation with the carboxylic group atomic charges". Journal of Chemical Research. 2003 (5): 247–248. doi:10.3184/030823403103173732.
^ Bruce, W. F. (1937). "Aconitic Acid". Organic Syntheses. 17: 1. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.017.0001.
^ Brande, William Thomas (1848). A Manual of Chemistry, Vol II (6 ed.). London: John W. Parker. p. 1344. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
^ Reichenbach, Karl-Rudolf (2001). Jacques Peschier (1769-1832): Ein Genfer Apotheker und Chemiker. Zürich: Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Stuttgart. ISBN 3804719090. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
^ Pawolleck, B. (1875). "Substitutionsproducte der Citronensäure und ein Versuch zur Synthese der letzteren" [Substitution products of citric acid and an attempt at the synthesis of the latter]. Justus Liebig's Annalen der Chemie. 178 (2–3): 150–170. doi:10.1002/jlac.18751780203.
^ Zhang, Kou-Lin; Zhou, Fang; Yuan, Li-Min; Diao, Guo-Wang; Ng, Seik Weng (2009). "Synthesis and characterization of a novel photoluminescent three-dimensional metal–organic framework". Inorganica Chimica Acta. 362 (7): 2510–2514. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2008.10.008.

[1] "Aconitic Acid - Compound Summary (CID 309)". PubChem.

[2] Dawson, R. M. C.; Elliott, D. C.; Elliott, W. H. (1989). Data for Biochemical Research (3rd ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 9780198552994.

[3] Pfendt, L.; Dražić, B.; Popović, G.; Drakulić, B.; Vitnik, Ž; Juranić, I. (2003). "Determination of all pKa values of some di- and tri-carboxylic unsaturated and epoxy acids and their polylinear correlation with the carboxylic group atomic charges". Journal of Chemical Research. 2003 (5): 247–248. doi:10.3184/030823403103173732.

[4] Bruce, W. F. (1937). "Aconitic Acid". Organic Syntheses. 17: 1. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.017.0001.

[5] Brande, William Thomas (1848). A Manual of Chemistry, Vol II (6 ed.). London: John W. Parker. p. 1344. Retrieved 8 November 2023.

[6] Reichenbach, Karl-Rudolf (2001). Jacques Peschier (1769-1832): Ein Genfer Apotheker und Chemiker. Zürich: Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Stuttgart. ISBN 3804719090. Retrieved 8 November 2023.

[7] Pawolleck, B. (1875). "Substitutionsproducte der Citronensäure und ein Versuch zur Synthese der letzteren" [Substitution products of citric acid and an attempt at the synthesis of the latter]. Justus Liebig's Annalen der Chemie. 178 (2–3): 150–170. doi:10.1002/jlac.18751780203.

[8] Zhang, Kou-Lin; Zhou, Fang; Yuan, Li-Min; Diao, Guo-Wang; Ng, Seik Weng (2009). "Synthesis and characterization of a novel photoluminescent three-dimensional metal–organic framework". Inorganica Chimica Acta. 362 (7): 2510–2514. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2008.10.008.

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