Chernihiv Governorate
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Chernigov Governorate Chernihiv Governorate | |||||||||||||||||
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Governorate of the Russian Empire (1802–1917) and Ukrainian successor states (1917–1925)[a] | |||||||||||||||||
1802–1925 | |||||||||||||||||
![]() Chernigov Governorate in 1913 | |||||||||||||||||
![]() Location in the Russian Empire | |||||||||||||||||
Capital | Chernigov[b] | ||||||||||||||||
Area | |||||||||||||||||
• (1897) | 52,396 km2 (20,230 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||
Population | |||||||||||||||||
• (1897) | 2,298,000 | ||||||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||||||
• Established | 1802 | ||||||||||||||||
• Abolished | 1925 | ||||||||||||||||
Political subdivisions | uezds:
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Today part of | Bryansk Oblast Chernihiv Oblast Kyiv Oblast Sumy Oblast |
Chernihiv Governorate[c] was a administrative-territorial unit of Ukrainian successor states of the Russian Empire during and after the civil war, namely of the Ukrainian People's Republic, the Ukrainian State and the Ukrainian SSR.
Specifically, Chernigov Governorate[d] was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire. It was officially created in 1802 from the disbanded Little Russia Governorate and had its capital in Chernigov[b].
Its borders encompassed the modern Chernihiv Oblast, but also included a large section of Sumy Oblast and smaller sections of the Kyiv Oblast of Ukraine, in addition to a large part of Bryansk Oblast of Russia.
Administrative division
[edit]When part of the Russian Empire, the governorate consisted of 15 uyezds (their administrative centres in brackets):
- Borznyansky Uyezd (Borzna)
- Glukhovsky Uezd (Hlukhiv)
- Gorodnyansky Uyezd (Gorodnya/Horodnia)
- Kozeletsky Uyezd (Kozelets)
- Konotopsky Uyezd (Konotop)
- Krolevetsky Uyezd (Krolevets)
- Mglinsky Uyezd (Mglin)
- Nezhinsky Uyezd (Nezhin/Nizhyn)
- Novgorod-Seversky Uyezd (Novgorod-Seversky/Novhorod-Siverskyi)
- Novozybkovsky Uyezd (Novozybkov)
- Ostyorsky Uyezd (Ostyor/Oster)
- Sosnitsky Uyezd (Sosnitsa/Sosnytsia)
- Starodubsky Uyezd (Starodub)
- Surazhsky Uyezd (Surazh)
- Chernigovsky Uyezd (Chernigov/Chernihiv)[1]
Of these, 11 were in territory inhabited by Ukrainians: Borzna, Hlukhiv, Horodnia, Kozelets, Konotop, Krolovets, Nizhyn, Novhorod-Siverksyi, Oster, Sosnytsia, and Chernihiv.[2]
Chernigov Governorate covered a total area of 52,396 km², and had a population of 2,298,000, according to the 1897 Russian Empire census. In 1914, the population was 2,340,000. In 1918 it became part of Ukraine and transformed into Chernihiv Governorate.
As part of the Ukrainian State and the Ukrainian SSR, the governorate consisted of 18 counties (povits):
- Borzna County
- Hlukhiv County
- Horodnya County
- Homel County (added from the Mogilev Governorate)
- Kozelets County
- Konotop County
- Krolevets County
- Nizhyn County
- Novhorod-Siversky County
- Oster County
- Putyvl County (added from the Kursk Governorate)
- Rylsk County (added from the Kursk Governorate)
- Sosnytsia County
- Chernihiv County
- Mhlyn County
- Novozybkiv County
- Starodub County
- Surazh County
In 1919, the northern Mhlyn, Novozybkiv, Starodub, and Surazh counties, with their mixed Ukrainian–Belarusian–Russian population, were transferred from Ukraine to the newly established Gomel Governorate of the Russian republic.[2]
In 1925, the governorate’s territory was redistributed among Hlukhiv, Konotop, Nizhyn, and Chernihiv districts (okruhas).[2]
Principal cities
[edit]At the times of the Russian Census of 1897:
- Nezhin – 32,113 (Ukrainian – 21,733, Jewish – 7,578, Russian – 2,366)
- Chernigov – 27,716 (Ukrainian – 10,085, Jewish – 8,780, Russian – 7,985)
- Konotop – 18,770 (Ukrainian – 10,290, Jewish – 4,415, Russian – 3,565)
- Novozybkov – 15,362 (Russian – 11,055, Jewish – 3,787, Belarusian – 303)
- Hlukhiv – 14,828 (Ukrainian – 8,621, Jewish – 3,837, Russian – 2,217)
- Borzna – 12,526 (Ukrainian – 10,846, Jewish – 1,515, Russian – 109)
- Starodub – 12,381 (Russian – 7,255, Jewish – 4,897, Ukrainian – 133)
- Krolevets – 10,384 (Ukrainian – 8,328, Jewish – 1,815, Russian – 209)
- Berezna – 9,922 (Ukrainian – 8,349, Jewish – 1,354, Russian – 144)
- Novgorod-Seversky – 9,182 (Ukrainian – 4,884, Jewish – 2,941, Russian – 1,296)
- Mglin – 7,640 (Russian – 4,840, Jewish – 2,675, Belarusian – 75)
- Sosnytsia – 7,087 (Ukrainian – 5,068, Jewish – 1,840, Russian – 158)
- Korop – 6,262 (Ukrainian – 5,309, Jewish – 865, Russian – 77)
- Oster – 5,370 (Ukrainian – 3,229, Jewish – 1,596, Russian – 399)
- Kozelets – 5,141 (Ukrainian – 2,834, Jewish – 1,632, Russian – 468)
- Pogar – 4,965 (Russian – 3,800, Jewish – 1,159, Germans – 6)
- Gorodnya – 4,310 (Ukrainian – 2,349, Jewish – 1,248, Russian – 604)
- Surazh – 4,006 (Jewish – 2,400, Belarusian – 978, Russian – 559)
- Novoye Mesto – 1,488 (Russian – 1,421, Jewish – 67)
Language
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At the time of the Imperial census of 1897.[3] In bold are languages spoken by more people than the state language.
Language | Number | percentage (%) | males | females |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ukrainian | 1,526,072 | 66.41 | 747,721 | 778,351 |
Russian | 495,963 | 21.58 | 236,842 | 259,121 |
Belarusian | 151,465 | 6.59 | 73,691 | 77,774 |
Yiddish | 113,787 | 4.95 | 54,724 | 59,063 |
German | 5,306 | 0.23 | 2,664 | 2,642 |
Polish | 3,302 | 0.14 | 1,775 | 1,527 |
Persons that didn't name their native language |
74 | >0.01 | 32 | 42 |
Other[4] | 1,885 | >0.01 | 1,247 | 638 |
Total | 2,297,854 | 100 | 1,118,696 | 1,179,158 |
Notable people
[edit]- Elizaveta I. Gnevusheva (1916–1994), historian, orientalist, university lecturer, publicist
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Генеральная карта Черниговской губерніи Съ показаніемъ почтовыхъ и большихъ проъзжихъ дорогъ, станціи и разстоянія между оными верстъ – Ст. Петербургъ, 1829. (in Russian) (Page title read as: "General map of the Chernihiv province. St. Petersburg, 1829.")
- ^ a b c "Chernihiv gubernia". Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine. 2001 [1984]. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
- ^ Language Statistics of 1897 Archived 22 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ^ Languages, number of speakers which in all gubernia were less than 1000
External links
[edit]- Chernihiv Governorate. Encyclopedia of Ukraine.
- Chernigov Guberniya – Article in Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary (in Russian)
- Chernigov Governorate – Historical coat of arms (in Ukrainian and English)
- States and territories established in 1802
- States and territories disestablished in 1925
- Chernihiv Governorate
- Governorates of the Russian Empire
- Governorates of Ukraine
- 1802 establishments in the Russian Empire
- 1802 establishments in Ukraine
- 1925 disestablishments in Ukraine
- History of Bryansk Oblast
- History of Chernihiv Oblast
- History of Kyiv Oblast
- History of Sumy Oblast