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Charles River Laboratories International, Inc.
Company typePublic
Industry
Founded1947; 77 years ago (1947)
HeadquartersWilmington, Massachusetts, U.S.
Key people
James C. Foster (CEO)
RevenueIncrease US$4.13 billion (2023)
Decrease US$617 million (2023)
Decrease US$474 million (2023)
Total assetsIncrease US$8.19 billion (2023)
Total equityIncrease US$3.60 billion (2023)
Number of employees
approx. 21,800 (December 2023)
Websitecriver.com
Footnotes / references
[1]

Charles River Laboratories International, Inc., is an American pharmaceutical company specializing in a variety of preclinical and clinical laboratory, gene therapy and cell therapy services for the pharmaceutical, medical device and biotechnology industries.[2] It also supplies assorted biomedical products, outsourcing services, and animals for research and development in the pharmaceutical industry (for example, contract research organization services) and offers support in the fields of basic research, drug discovery, safety and efficacy, clinical support, and manufacturing.

Its customers include leading pharmaceutical, biotechnology, agrochemical, government, and academic organization around the globe.[3] The company has over 150 facilities, operates in 21 countries, and employs over 21,000 people worldwide.[4]

Charles River Laboratories is often criticized by animal rights activists who condemn the company's usage of dogs and non-human primates for pharmaceutical purposes.[5][6][7] The company is also a major harvester of horseshoe crab blood.[8]

History

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Charles River was founded in 1947 by Henry Foster, a young veterinarian who purchased one thousand rat cages from a Virginia farm and set up a one-person laboratory in Boston overlooking the Charles River. To fulfill the regional need for laboratory animal models, he bred, fed, and cared for the animals and personally delivered them to local researchers.

In 1955, the company's headquarters were relocated to their current home in Wilmington, Massachusetts. The organization became an international entity in 1966 by opening a new animal production facility in France.

The first commercial, comprehensive genetic monitoring program was implemented by Charles River in 1981. Three years later, they were acquired by Bausch & Lomb.

In 1988, the organization expanded its portfolio to include the creation of transgenic mice and rats. In the 1990s, Charles River expanded its portfolio further. They purchased Specific Pathogen Antigen Free Avian Services (SPAFAS) and serologic diagnostic services Merck, Sharp, and Dohme in 1992 and started offering in vitro endotoxin testing two years later.

Between 1996 and 2000, the company acquired Endosafe, Inc., was bought back from Bausch & Lomb by Jim Foster, acquired Sierra Biomedical, expanded its portfolio to offer biopharmaceutical services, and went public on the New York Stock Exchange.

Charles River launched the Humane Care Imperative in 2002, designed to raise awareness and train employees on animal welfare's importance. The same year, they were named "Company of the Year" by The Boston Globe. The company introduced preconditioning services in 2005 to provide customers with study-ready animals.

In 2008, Charles River signed a ten-year contract to partner with the National Cancer Institute and opened a facility in Frederick, Maryland.

In April 2019, Charles River announced would cease its San Diego operations, moving the work to one of its sites in Northern California. The company also has sites in Hollister and South San Francisco in California. The work done in San Diego—the breeding of rodents that scientists use to test compounds—was moved to Hollister, California.[9]

In October 2021, a Japanese subsidiary of Charles River was acquired by Jackson Laboratory for $63M USD. [10]

Acquisitions

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In October 2003, Charles River Laboratories merged with Inveresk, a research company based in the United Kingdom. The company was known then as Charles River Laboratories. Inveresk specialised in clinical research and pre-clinical testing, and their main facilities are in Edinburgh, Scotland.[11] In late 2009, Charles River sold its Clinical Services Division in Edinburgh to Quotient Bioresearch.[12]

In 2010, Charles River Laboratories attempted to acquire WuXi PharmaTech, a China-based contract research organization, but the offer was withdrawn when the deal faced opposition from several large Charles River investors, including Relational Investors, JANA Partners, and Neuberger Berman. The proxy advisory firm RiskMetrics had also recommended that Charles River's shareholders vote against the proposed deal.[13]

From 2008 to 2013, Charles River acquires several companies including NewLab Bioquality AG,[14] MIR Preclinical Services,[15] Piedmont Research Center, LLC,[16] Cerebricon, Ltd., Accugenix, and Vital River, allowing the company to expand their research models and services portfolio to drug development and discovery markets in China.

The acquisitions of Argenta and BioFocus in 2014 allowed Charles River to establish itself as a full-service, early-stage contract research organization with integrated in vitro and in vivo capabilities from target discovery through pre-clinical development.

In July 2015, the company announced it would acquire Celsis International for $212 million.[17]

In 2016, the company announced it was set to acquire WIL Research for approximately $585 million in cash[18] and Blue Stream Laboratories.[19]

In August 2017, the business announced it would acquire Brains On-Line.[20]

In January 2018, the company announced it would acquire KWS BioTest for up to £18 million ($24.4 million).[21] In February of the same year, Charles River announced it would acquire MPI Research for approximately $800 million in cash.[22] The transaction was completed on April 3, 2018.[23]

In February 2019, the company announced it would acquire Citoxlab for €448 million in cash (approximately $500 million),[24] including the former acquisitions of the French company, AccelLAB, Atlanbio and Solvo Biotechnology.[25] The transaction was completed on April 29.[26] In December of the same year the business announced it would acquire HemaCare for approximately $380 million in cash.[27][28]

In August 2020, the company announced it would acquire Cellero for $38 million in cash.[29]

In January 2021, the company announced it would acquire Distributed Bio, Inc., an antibody discovery business.[30]

In February 2021, Charles River announced it would acquire Cognate BioServices, Inc. for $875 million.[31][32]

In March 2021, Charles River announced the acquisition of Retrogenix for $48 million.[33]

In May 2021, Charles River announced the acquisition of Vigene Biosciences, a gene therapy contract development and manufacturing organization (CDMO), for $292.5 million.[34]

In April 2022, the company announced it would acquire Explora BioLabs.[35]

In January 2023, the business announced it would acquire SAMDI Tech, Inc. [36]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ "Charles River Laboratories International, Inc. Annual Report (Form 10-K)". SEC.gov. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. February 14, 2024.
  2. ^ Christensen, Carl Roland. Business Policy: Text and Cases. R.D. Irwin, 1982, p. 54.
  3. ^ "Charles River At A Glance" Archived January 22, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, Charles River Laboratories.
  4. ^ "About us". Charles River Laboratories. Retrieved September 12, 2024.
  5. ^ "Fears of poor conditions for Mass. research dogs". CBS News. Massachusetts. February 17, 2014. Retrieved August 28, 2022.
  6. ^ Edwards, Lauren (March 27, 2019). "Former worker of animal-testing facility gives insight into lab practices". Fox News. Michigan. Retrieved August 28, 2022.
  7. ^ Briggs, Billy (February 23, 2020). "Whistleblower accuses multinational research firm of catalogue of safety breaches after animals are killed in compressor horror". The Sunday Post. England. Retrieved August 28, 2022.
  8. ^ Eisner, Chiara (June 10, 2023). "Coastal biomedical labs are bleeding more horseshoe crabs with little accountability". NPR. Retrieved June 10, 2023.
  9. ^ de Crescenzo, Sarah (April 3, 2019). "Xconomy: Charles River Labs Says It still operates in Sparks, Nevada, but Will Close San Diego Research Facility". Xconomy. Retrieved December 9, 2019.
  10. ^ "Jackson Lab buys Japan-based research animal business for $63M". Mainebiz. October 13, 2021.
  11. ^ "Charles River Laboratories Announces Completion of Inveresk Merger". Charles River Laboratories International, Inc. Retrieved November 26, 2019.
  12. ^ "Quotient Bioresearch Scoops Up Charles River Laboratories' Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility". GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News. May 18, 2009. Retrieved November 26, 2019.
  13. ^ Hall, Jessica (July 29, 2010). "RPT-UPDATE 2-Charles River, Wuxi end deal after opposition". Reuters. Retrieved August 29, 2019.
  14. ^ "Charles River buys German lab services firm NewLab". bizjournals. September 10, 2008. Retrieved January 1, 2021.
  15. ^ Mansell, Peter (September 21, 2008). "Charles River improves its image with MIR acquisition". PharmaTimes. Retrieved January 1, 2021.
  16. ^ "Charles River Labs to acquire Piedmont Research Center". bizjournals. April 3, 2009. Retrieved January 1, 2021.
  17. ^ "Charles River Buys Celsis for $212M". GEN. July 9, 2015.
  18. ^ "Charles River Labs to Acquire WIL Research for $585M". GEN. January 7, 2016.
  19. ^ "Charles River Laboratories Acquires Blue Stream Laboratories". Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  20. ^ "Brains On-Line acquired by Charles River Laboratories". Bioanalysis Zone. August 16, 2017. Retrieved January 2, 2019.
  21. ^ "Charles River Labs Acquires KWS BioTest". GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News. January 11, 2018. Retrieved January 2, 2019.
  22. ^ "Charles River to acquire MPI Research for $800M, posts 10% 2017 revenue growth". fiercebiotech.com. February 13, 2018. Retrieved January 3, 2019.
  23. ^ "Charles River Laboratories Completes the Acquisition of MPI Research". ir.criver.com (Press release). April 3, 2018. Retrieved January 2, 2019.
  24. ^ "Charles River Laboratories Signs Binding Offer to Acquire Citoxlab". finance.yahoo.com. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
  25. ^ "Charles River Completes the Acquisition of Citoxlab", www.criver.com, April 29, 2019, retrieved November 11, 2022
  26. ^ "Charles River Labs - Investor Relations - News Release". ir.criver.com. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
  27. ^ "Charles River Laboratories Moves into Cell Therapies with $380 Million Acquisition of HemaCare". Biospace.
  28. ^ "Charles River Laboratories to Acquire HemaCare Corporation".
  29. ^ "Charles River Laboratories Announces Second-Quarter 2020 Results | Charles River Laboratories International, Inc". ir.criver.com. Retrieved September 1, 2020.
  30. ^ "Charles River Laboratories Acquires Distributed Bio".
  31. ^ "Charles River Dives Deep into Cell and Gene Therapy with Cognate BioServices Acquisition".
  32. ^ "Charles River Laboratories to Acquire Cognate BioServices to Create a Premier Scientific Partner for Cell and Gene Therapy Development".
  33. ^ "Charles River Laboratories Acquires Retrogenix | Charles River Laboratories International, Inc". ir.criver.com. Retrieved May 17, 2021.
  34. ^ "Charles River Laboratories to Acquire Vigene Biosciences to Enhance Gene Therapy Capabilities". www.businesswire.com. May 17, 2021. Retrieved May 17, 2021.
  35. ^ "Charles River Laboratories Acquires Explora BioLabs".
  36. ^ "Charles River Laboratories Acquires SAMDI Tech".
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