Umiray Dumaget language
| Umiray Dumaget | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Philippines |
| Region | Aurora & Quezon, Luzon |
Native speakers | (3,000 cited 1994)[1] |
Austronesian
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | due |
| Glottolog | umir1236 |
Umiray Dumaget is an Aeta language spoken in southern Luzon Island, Philippines.
Location
[edit]Umiray Dumaget is spoken along the Pacific coast of eastern Luzon, Philippines from just south of Baler, Aurora to the area of Infanta, Quezon, and on the northern coast of Polillo Island.[2] Himes (2002) reports little dialectal variation.
Reid (1994)[3] reports the following locations for Umiray Dumaget (Central Agta).
- Umiray, General Nakar, Quezon
- Dibut, San Luis, Aurora
- Bunbun, Panukulan, Polillo, Quezon
The language is also spoken in Dingalan, Aurora, most especially in Umiray.
Phonology
[edit]Consonants
[edit]| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | (ʔ) | |
| voiced | b | d | ɡ | |||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
| Fricative | s | |||||
| Trill | r | |||||
| Lateral | l | |||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||
[ʔ] only appears in loanwords.[4]
Vowels
[edit]| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u |
| Open | a | |
Classification
[edit]Umiray Dumaget is difficult to classify. Himes (2002) posits a Greater Central Philippine connection.[4] However, Lobel (2013)[5]: 230 believes that Umiray Dumaget may be a primary branch of the Philippine languages, or may be related to the Northeastern Luzon languages, Sambali-Ayta (Central Luzon), or Manide and Inagta Alabat. According to Lobel (2013), Umiray Dumaget does not subgroup in the Central Philippine or even Greater Central Philippine branches.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ Umiray Dumaget at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Himes 2002:275–276
- ^ Reid, Lawrence A. 1994. "Possible Non-Austronesian Lexical Elements in Philippine Negrito Languages." In Oceanic Linguistics, Vol. 33, No. 1 (Jun. 1994), pp. 37–72.
- ^ a b Himes, Ronald S. 2002. The relationship of Umiray Dumaget to other Philippine languages. Oceanic Linguistics 41(2):275–294. JSTOR 3623311.
- ^ Lobel, Jason William. 2013. Philippine and North Bornean languages: issues in description, subgrouping, and reconstruction. Ph.D. dissertation. Manoa: University of Hawai'i at Manoa.
- ^ Lobel 2013:275
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