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Julius Döpfner

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Julius August Döpfner
Cardinal, Archbishop of Munich and Freising
ChurchCatholic Church
ArchdioceseMunich and Freising
Appointed3 July 1961
Installed30 September 1961
Term ended24 July 1976
PredecessorJoseph Wendel
SuccessorJoseph Ratzinger
Other post(s)Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria della Scala
Previous post(s)
Orders
Ordination29 October 1939
by Luigi Traglia
Consecration14 October 1948
by Joseph Otto Kolb
Created cardinal15 December 1958
by John XXIII
RankCardinal-Priest
Personal details
Born(1913-08-26)26 August 1913
Died24 July 1976(1976-07-24) (aged 62)
Palais Holnstein, Munich, Bavaria, West Germany
BuriedMunich Frauenkirche
NationalityGerman and Vatican
DenominationRoman Catholic
Parents
  • Matthäus Döpfner
  • Maria Döpfner
Alma materPontifical Gregorian University
Mottopraedicamus crucifixum
Coat of armsJulius August Döpfner's coat of arms
Styles of
Julius Döpfner
Reference styleHis Eminence
Spoken styleYour Eminence
Informal styleCardinal
SeeMunich and Freising

Julius August Döpfner (26 August 1913 – 24 July 1976) was a German cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who was elevated to the cardinalate in 1958, and served as Archbishop of Munich and Freising from 1961 until his death.

Biography

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Early life and ordination

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Julius Döpfner was born in Hausen (today a part of Bad Kissingen) to Julius Matthäus and Maria Döpfner. He was baptised two days later, on 28 August. Döpfner had a sister, Maria, and two brothers, Paul and Otto. Entering the Augustinian-run gymnasium at Münnerstadt in 1924, he later attended the Seminary of Würzburg and the Pontifical German-Hungarian College in Rome. Döpfner was ordained to the priesthood by Archbishop Luigi Traglia on 29 October 1939, and then finished his studies at the Pontifical Gregorian University, from where he obtained a doctorate in theology in 1941, writing his dissertation on Cardinal John Henry Newman. He worked as a chaplain in Großwallstadt until 1944.

Bishop

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On 11 August 1948, Döpfner was appointed Bishop of Würzburg by Pope Pius XII. He received his episcopal consecration on the following 14 October from Archbishop Joseph Kolb, with Bishops Joseph Schröffer and Arthur Landgraf serving as co-consecrators. The consecration took place in the Neumünster Collegiate church, Würzburg, as Würzburg Cathedral was unusable due to the bombing of Würzburg in World War II.

He was named Bishop of Berlin on 15 January 1957, and became the youngest member of the College of Cardinals when he was created Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria della Scala (pro hac vice) by Pope John XXIII in the Consistory of 15 December 1958.

Promoted to Archbishop of Munich and Freising on 3 July 1961, Döpfner participated in the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965), and sat on its Board of Presidency. Along with Cardinal Raúl Silva Henríquez, he assisted Cardinal Léon-Etienne Duval in delivering one of the closing messages of the Council on 8 December 1965.[1]

The German prelate was one of the cardinal electors in the 1963 papal conclave which selected Pope Paul VI.

From 1965 to 1976, Döpfner was Chairman of the Conference of the German Bishops and thus the spokesman of the Catholic Church in Germany. He was often described as papabile, but he died at age 62 in the archiepiscopal residence of Munich.

Views

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Church reform

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The Cardinal, who was considered liberal in his positions,[2][3][4] criticised the Church's "antiquated forms" and its "resisting ideas, forms and possibilities to which perhaps the future belongs, and we often consider as impossible that which will finally manifest itself as a legitimate form of Christianity".[5]

Birth control

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He was deeply involved with the question of birth control, serving as co-deputy on the Vatican's commission to study the topics of marriage, family, and regulation of birth.[6][7]

Ecumenism

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He also supported ecumenism.[5]

References

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  1. ^ Christus Rex. To Women
  2. ^ Time Magazine. Council of Renewal October 5, 1962
  3. ^ Time Magazine. Catholic Freedom v. Authority November 22, 1968
  4. ^ Time Magazine. The Loyal Opposition November 2, 1962
  5. ^ a b Time Magazine. The Unfinished Reformation February 7, 1964
  6. ^ Time Magazine. Lex Dubia Non Obligat April 22, 1966
  7. ^ Time Magazine. Birth Control: Pronouncement Withdrawn June 21, 1968
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Catholic Church titles
Preceded by
Matthias Ehrenfried
Bishop of Würzburg
1948–1957
Succeeded by
Preceded by Bishop of Berlin
1957–1961
Succeeded by
Preceded by Archbishop of Munich and Freising
1961–1976
Succeeded by
Preceded by Chairman of the Conference of the German Bishops
1965–1976
Succeeded by