Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Crystal Mover C810/C810A

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Crystal Mover C810/C810A
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Crystal Mover C810/C810A
	A Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Crystal Mover C810 train with the original coupler design on the Sengkang-Punggol LRT line. A Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Crystal Mover C810 train with a modified coupler design for multiple working on the Sengkang-Punggol LRT line. A Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Crystal Mover C810A train on the Sengkang-Punggol LRT line.
	Interior of C810 train Interior of C810A train
Stock type	Rubber-tyres automated people mover
In service	18 January 2003; 21 years ago – Present
Manufacturer	Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
Designer	GK Industrial Design
Built at	Mihara, Hiroshima, Japan
Family name	Crystal Mover
Constructed	2000–2003 (C810) ; 2012–2016 (C810A)
Entered service	18 January 2003; 21 years ago (C810) ; 5 April 2016; 8 years ago (C810A)
Number built	41 vehicles (C810) ; 16 vehicles (C810A)
Number in service	41 vehicles (C810) ; 16 vehicles (C810A)
Successor	Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Crystal Mover C810D
Formation	Single vehicles (M) that can be coupled to form 2-car trains
Fleet numbers	01 – 41 (C810) ; 42 – 57 (C810A)
Capacity	18 seated, 87 standing (C810 as built); 14 seated, 91 standing (modified C810 and C810A);
Operators	SBS Transit Ltd (ComfortDelGro Corporation)
Depots	Sengkang
Lines served	SKLRT Sengkang LRT line; PGLRT Punggol LRT line;
Specifications
Car body construction	Aluminum-alloy weighed
Car length	11.84 m (38 ft 10+1⁄8 in)
Width	2.69 m (8 ft 9+7⁄8 in)
Height	3,615 mm (11 ft 10+3⁄8 in)
Doors	2 × 2 per car
Maximum speed	80 km/h (50 mph) (design); 70 km/h (43 mph) (service);
Weight	14.9 t (14.7 long tons; 16.4 short tons) per car
Traction system	Mitsubishi IGBT–VVVF inverter vector control
Traction motors	2 × 80 kW (110 hp) 3-phase AC induction motor
Power output	160 kW (210 hp)
Acceleration	1 m/s2 (2.2 mph/s)
Deceleration	1 m/s2 (2.2 mph/s) (service); 1.3 m/s2 (2.9 mph/s) (emergency);
Electric system(s)	750 V DC third rail
Current collector(s)	Collector shoe
UIC classification	AA
Braking system(s)	Electric command pneumatic brake with regenerative brake with stand-by brake, parking brake (with variable load control and wheel slide prevention control)
Safety system(s)	Kyosan APM fixed block ATC under ATO GoA 4 (UTO), with subsystems of ATP, ATS and CBI
Coupling system	Shibata (C810 as built); Faiveley (C810 modification train coupler multiple working repowered by C810A);
Multiple working	Within and between type
Track gauge	1,850 mm (6 ft 27⁄32 in); Guideway span: 3.2 m (10 ft 6 in)

The Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Crystal Mover C810/C810A is an automated people mover train that serves the Sengkang LRT line and Punggol LRT line in Singapore. The C810 has been operating since 18 January 2003, with its first service on the Sengkang East Loop. The C810A commenced revenue service on 5 April 2016.

The C810 and C810A were developed and built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries in cooperation with Crystal Mover Bodywork, the same company that developed the newer Changi Airport Skytrain. The trains were developed for airport and light rail applications. They are fully automated and driverless, relying on Automatic Train Control (ATC) technology.

Singapore's Light Rail Transit purchased 41 C810s and 16 C810As to be used on the Sengkang LRT line and Punggol LRT line. From 2013 to 2015, 16 of the 41 C810s were modified to enable two-car formations to cope with higher demand for the Sengkang and Punggol LRT lines.

Train design

The exterior of the C810 and C810A has a dual-color of indigo and white. They feature the SBS Transit logo in white. The serial numbers of the trains are marked on the right side of the train at the front and rear. Both the windshield wipers and emergency doors were specially designed for the LRT.

Compared to the C810, the newer C810A has headlights that are vertical instead of horizontal and luminously white instead of yellow, and a different coupling mechanism as well as door frame.^[4]

The interior of the Sengkang and Punggol LRT trains feature an indigo seats and red grab poles. 16 of the C810s that underwent modification have two seats in the front and back converted into perch seats, thus reducing the number of seats to 14 from the usual 18 seats.

As the carriages are closed-end, the train must be stationary and the doors must be open for passengers to move between carriages during 2-car operations.

Train formation

The configuration of a C810/C810A in revenue service is just the one car. With both the motors and the third rail current collectors, certain C810 and C810A train cars can be coupled up to 2 cars during service.

The car numbers of the C810s range from 01 to 41, while those of the C810As range from 42 to 57. Individual cars are assigned a two-digit serial number by the rail operator SBS Transit. A trainset consists of one motor car, e.g. set 01 is car 01. Both digits identify the car number.

All sets were built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries.

The modified C810s and all C810As have underlined serial numbers on their exterior, indicating they have couplers that allow them to be operated in 2-car formations.

Operational issues

On 9 September 2016, SBS Transit as the operator of Sengkang LRT line and Punggol LRT line has announced that 11 of the 41 C810 trains had hairline cracks.^[5]

This is barely 2 months after the announcements that the cracks were found in C151A trains which run on both East West MRT line as well as North South MRT line and subsequently C801 trains which run on Bukit Panjang LRT line.

Similar to previous incidents, the joint statement by the SBS Transit and Land Transport Authority said that the cracks were found on the undercarriage of the trains and assure that this does not compromise their ability to bear passenger weight.^[5]

SBS Transit has withdrawn affected trains while waiting for the bogie frames found in the undercarriage to be replaced as a precautionary measure. In the report, SBS Transit has said that six of the 11 trains have the issue rectified and resumed their operational duties since while the remaining 5 would be rectified by the middle of next month.^[5]

At the same time, the affected bogie frame was sent to Mitsubishi Heavy Industries in Japan for detailed analysis in order to establish the root cause.^[5]

The joint statement also said that both LTA and SBS Transit, as well as the manufacturer, will redesign and strengthen the bogie frame structures, which will be applied to all 57 trains including the newer C810A trains.^[5] The manufacturer is expected to bear the full cost as well.^[5]

Replacement

On 5 February 2021, the Land Transport Authority announced that it has purchased 17 two-car C810D trains for the Sengkang and Punggol LRT systems, which will replace the 25 existing one-car trains.^[6] In May 2023, the LTA ordered an additional 8 C810D trains, bringing the total number of C810D trains ordered to 25. These 8 two-car trains will replace half of the existing fleet of 16 two-car trains, bringing the total fleet to 33 two-car trains.^[7]

Notes

^ V04, V05, V07, V09, V10, V12, V15, V18, V22, V25, V27, V28, V30, V33, V35, and V36 only.

References

^ "The Works of GK Design Group". GK Design Group Inc. Archived from the original on 17 February 2015.
^ "Automated People Mover System "Crystal Mover" for Singapore's LTA" (PDF). Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
^ "Kyosan Corporate Report 2018". p. 19 to 20. Archived from the original on 16 June 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
^ "New LRT trains to undergo tests". The Straits Times. 27 November 2015. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Hairline cracks found on 11 Sengkang-Punggol LRT trains Archived 2016-09-10 at the Wayback Machine - Straits Times, 3:41pm
^ "Sengkang-Punggol LRT to get 17 new two-car trains to boost capacity". CNA. 5 February 2021. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
^ "8 new two-carriage trains to be added to Sengkang-Punggol LRT line". The Straits Times. 10 May 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.

[2] V04, V05, V07, V09, V10, V12, V15, V18, V22, V25, V27, V28, V30, V33, V35, and V36 only.

[gk_works-1] "The Works of GK Design Group". GK Design Group Inc. Archived from the original on 17 February 2015.

[3] "Automated People Mover System "Crystal Mover" for Singapore's LTA" (PDF). Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. Retrieved 11 May 2023.

[4] "Kyosan Corporate Report 2018". p. 19 to 20. Archived from the original on 16 June 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2020.

[5] "New LRT trains to undergo tests". The Straits Times. 27 November 2015. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 8 February 2016.

[STCrack-6] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Hairline cracks found on 11 Sengkang-Punggol LRT trains Archived 2016-09-10 at the Wayback Machine - Straits Times, 3:41pm

[7] "Sengkang-Punggol LRT to get 17 new two-car trains to boost capacity". CNA. 5 February 2021. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.

[8TSPLRT-8] "8 new two-carriage trains to be added to Sengkang-Punggol LRT line". The Straits Times. 10 May 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.

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