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{{Infobox actor
{{For|the British arsonist|Bruce Lee (arsonist)}}
| name = Chuck Norris
{{Infobox Chinese-language singer and actor
| image = Chuck Norris.jpg <!--Chuck Norris cropped.jpg-->
| name = Bruce Lee
| imagesize = 220px
| image = BruceLeecard.jpg
| caption = Norris receiving the Veteran of the Year award by the [[United States Air Force|U.S. Air Force]], 2001
| caption = Bruce Lee
| birthname = Lee Jun-Fan (李振藩)
| birthname = Carlos Ray Norris
| birthdate = {{birth date and age|1940|3|10}}
| tradchinesename = 李小龍
| birthplace = [[Ryan, Oklahoma]], [[United States]]
| simpchinesename = 李小龙
| othername =
| pinyinchinesename = Lǐ Xiǎolóng
| website = http://www.chucknorris.com/
| jyutpingchinesename = Leih Síulùhng
| academyawards =
| birthdate = {{birth date|df=yes|1940|11|27}}
| spouse =
| ancestry = [[Shunde]], [[Guangdong]], [[China]]
| location = [[San Francisco, California]], [[USA]]
| deathdate = {{death date and age|df=yes|1973|7|20|1940|11|27}}
| deathplace =[[Hong Kong]]
| spouse = [[Linda Lee Cadwell|Linda Emery]] (1945-)
| children = [[Brandon Lee]] (1965–1993) <br /> [[Shannon Lee]] (born 1969)
| homepage = [http://www.bruceleefoundation.com/ Bruce Lee Foundation]
}}
}}
'''Carlos Ray "Chuck" Norris''' (born March 10, 1940) is an [[United States|American]] [[Martial arts|martial artist]], [[action film|action star]] and [[television]] and [[film]] [[actor]] who is known for action roles such as Cordell Walker on ''[[Walker, Texas Ranger]]'' and for his iconically tough image and [[roundhouse kick]]. As of recently, he is known for his political endorsement of [[Mike Huckabee]], and rumors of a [[White House]] run in [[2012]].{{Fact|date=November 2008}}
'''Bruce Lee''' (27 November 1940&nbsp;– 20 July 1973) was a [[Chinese people|Chinese]] [[martial artist]], [[philosopher]], [[Sifu|instructor]], [[martial arts actor]] and the founder of the [[Jeet Kune Do]] combat form. He was widely regarded as the most influential [[martial artist]] of the twentieth century and a [[cultural icon]].<ref name="time">{{cite web|url=http://www.time.com/time/time100/heroes/profile/lee01.html|title=TIME 100: Bruce Lee|last=Stein|first=Joel|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|year=1999|accessdate=2008-05-30}}</ref> He was also the father of actor [[Brandon Lee]] and of actress [[Shannon Lee]].


==Biography==
Lee was born in [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]], [[California]], and raised in [[Hong Kong]] until his late [[teens]]. His Hong Kong and [[Hollywood]]-produced [[film]]s elevated the traditional [[Hong Kong action cinema|Hong Kong martial arts film]] to a new level of popularity and acclaim, and sparked the first major surge of interest in [[Chinese martial arts]] in the [[Western world|West]]. The direction and tone of his films changed and influenced [[martial arts]] and [[martial arts film]]s in Hong Kong and the rest of the world as well.
===Early life===
Norris was born in [[Ryan, Oklahoma]], the son of Wilma ([[married and maiden names|née]] Scarberry) and Ray Norris, who was a [[mechanic]], [[bus driver]], and [[truck driver]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/3/Chuck-Norris.html|title=Chuck Norris Biography (1940-)|accessdate=2007-12-22}}</ref> Norris' paternal grandfather (an immigrant) and maternal grandmother were of [[Irish people|Irish]] descent, while his paternal grandmother and maternal grandfather were [[Cherokee]] [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]].<ref name="ADwCN">{{citation|title=At Dinner with: Chuck Norris|publisher=[[The New York Times]]|date=12 May 1993}}</ref> Norris was named after Carlos Berry, his father's [[Minister (Christianity)|minister]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Against All Odds: My Story|last=Norris|first=Chuck|coauthors=Ken Abraham|publisher=Broadman & Holman Publishers|year=2004|isbn=0805431616}}</ref> He has two younger brothers, Wieland (deceased) and Aaron (a Hollywood producer). When Norris was sixteen, his parents divorced,<ref name="CNSSP">{{citation|title=Chuck Norris — Strong, Silent, Popular|publisher=[[The New York Times]]|date=September 1, 1985}}</ref> and he later relocated to [[Prairie Village, Kansas|Prairie Village]], [[Kansas]] and then [[Torrance, California|Torrance]], [[California]], with his mother and brothers.<ref name="ADwCN"/> Norris describes his childhood as downbeat. He was nonathletic, shy, and scholastically mediocre. Other children taunted him about his mixed ethnicity, and Norris daydreamed about beating up his tormentors. Norris mentioned in his [[autobiography]] that his father had a very serious problem with drinking and "wasn't there" a lot for him growing up. Norris admitted that he loved his father but did not like him. However, he professed that he only felt pity for the man because "that was just how he was, and he missed so much."


He then joined the [[United States Air Force]] as an [[Air Force Security Forces|Air Policeman]] in 1958 and was sent to [[Osan Air Base]], [[South Korea]]. It was in South Korea that Norris acquired the nickname ''Chuck'' and began his training in [[Tang Soo Do]] (tangsudo), an interest that would lead to [[Black belt (martial arts)|black belts]] in that art and the founding of the [[Chun Kuk Do]] ("Universal Way") form. He also created the education associations [[United Fighting Arts Federation]] and "[[KickStart]]" (formerly "Kick Drugs Out of America"), a [[middle school]] and high school–based program intended to give at-risk children a focus point in life through the martial arts. When he returned to the United States, he continued to act as an AP at [[March Air Reserve Base|March Air Force Base]] California. Norris was discharged in August of 1962. He worked for the [[Northrop Corporation]] and opened a chain of karate schools, which [[Chad McQueen]], [[Steve McQueen (actor)|Steve McQueen]]'s son, attended.<ref name="ADwCN" />
Lee became an iconic figure particularly to the [[Chinese people|Chinese]], as he portrayed Chinese national pride and [[Chinese nationalism]] in his movies.<ref name=Bio-KOKF>{{cite book|title=Bruce Lee King of Kung-Fu|author=Dennis, Felix; Atyeo, Don|publisher=Straight Arrow Books|location=United States|year=1974|isbn= 0-87932-088-5}}</ref> He primarily practiced [[Chinese martial arts]] (Kung Fu).


==Early life==
===Rise to fame===
[[Image:Chuck Norris (1976).jpg|thumb|Chuck Norris in 1976.]]
Lee Jun Fan was born in the hour of the dragon, between 6–8 a.m., in the [[Dragon (zodiac)|Year of the Dragon]] according to the [[Chinese zodiac]] calendar, 27 November 1940, at the Chinese Hospital in [[Chinatown, San Francisco, California|San Francisco’s Chinatown]].<ref name="BLFoundationBio">{{cite web|url=http://www.bruceleefoundation.com/BruceLeeBio.pdf|title=Bruce Lee Bio|publisher=Kevin Taing Foundation|year=2006|accessdate = 2007-07-06|format=[[PDF]]}}</ref> His father, [[Lee Hoi-Chuen]] (李海泉), was [[Han Chinese|Chinese]], and his [[Catholic]] mother, Grace (何愛瑜), was of [[Chinese]] and [[Germans|German]] ancestry.<ref name="mother11">{{harvnb|Little|1997}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Vaughn|1986}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| last=Prashad| first=Vijay|title=Everybody Was Kung Fu Fighting: Afro-Asian Connections to the Post-Racial World|publisher=[[Beacon Press]]|year=2001|pages=127|isbn=0807050113}}</ref><ref name="mother59">{{harvnb|Little|1997|p=73}}</ref><ref name=mother>{{cite book|author=Yang, Jeff|title=Eastern Standard Time: A Guide to Asian Influence on American Culture|location=[[Boston]], New York|publisher=Meridian, [[Houghton Mifflin]]|year=1997}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3999|title=Lee, Bruce, (1940-1973) Martial Arts Master and Film Maker|publisher=HistoryLink}}</ref> Lee and his parents returned to [[Hong Kong]] when he was three months old. He was an American citizen by birth<ref>http://www.bruce-lee.ws/about_bruce_lee.html</ref><ref>http://everything2.com/e2node/Bruce%2520Lee</ref>.


Norris's career in tournament karate began on a losing note. He was defeated in his first two tournaments, dropping decisions to [[Joe Lewis (martial arts)|Joe Lewis]] and Allan Steen and three matches at the International Karate Championships to Tony Tulleners. However, by 1967, Norris began to demonstrate his skill and scored victories over the likes of Lewis, Skipper Mullins, Arnold Urquidez, [[Vic Moore|Victor Moore]], [[Ron Marchini]], and [[Steve Sanders]]. In early 1968, Norris suffered the tenth and last loss of his career, losing an upset decision to Louis Delgado. However, on November 24, 1968, he avenged his defeat to Delgado and in the process won the Professional Middleweight Karate champion (non-contact) title, which he held for six consecutive years.<ref name="CNSSP"/> In 1969, he won Karate's triple crown for the most tournament wins of the year, and the ''fighter of the year'' award by ''[[Black Belt Magazine]]''.
===Education and family===
At age 12, Lee entered [[La Salle College]] and later he attended [[St. Francis Xavier]]'s College. In 1959, at the age of 18, Lee got into a fight and badly beat his opponent, getting into trouble with the police.<ref>{{cite web
| last = Burrows
| first =Alyssa
| title = Bruce Lee
| publisher = HistoryLink
|year=2002
| url = http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3999
| accessdate=2008-05-30
}}</ref> His father became concerned about young Bruce's safety, and as a result, he and his wife decided to send Bruce to the United States to live with an old friend of his father's. Lee left with $100 in his pocket and the titles of 1958 Boxing Champion and the [[Crown Colony]] [[Cha-cha-cha (dance)|Cha Cha]] Champion of Hong Kong.<ref name="BLFoundationBio" /> He relocated to the United States through his citizenship to earn an education. After living in [[San Francisco]], he moved to [[Seattle]] to work for [[Ruby Chow]], another friend of his father's. In 1959, Lee completed his [[high school]] education in [[Seattle]] and received his [[diploma]] from [[Seattle Community College District|Edison Technical School]]. He enrolled at the [[University of Washington]] and studied philosophy, drama, and psychology, among other subjects.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.washington.edu/alumni/columns/dec99/j_o.html |title= 100 Alumni of the Century|publisher=[[University of Washington]]|accessdate = 2007-08-06}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Little|2001|p=32}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Thomas|1994|p=42}}</ref> It was at the University of Washington that he met his future wife [[Linda Emery]], whom he would marry in 1964.


It was also in 1969 that Norris made his acting debut in the [[Dean Martin]] movie ''[[The Wrecking Crew (1969 film)|The Wrecking Crew]]''.
He had two children with Linda, [[Brandon Lee]] (1965–1993) and [[Shannon Lee]] (1969-). Brandon, who also became an actor like his father, died in an accident during the filming of ''[[The Crow (film)|The Crow]]'' in 1993. Shannon Lee also became an actress and appeared in some low-budget films starting in the mid 1990s, but has since quit acting.


In 1970, his younger brother Weiland was killed in [[Vietnam War|Vietnam]]. Norris later dedicated his ''[[Missing in Action (film)|Missing in Action]]'' films to his brother's memory. At a martial arts demonstration in [[Long Beach, California|Long Beach]], Norris met the soon-to-be famous [[martial artist]] [[Bruce Lee]]. In 1972, he acted as Bruce Lee's nemesis in the movie ''[[Way of the Dragon]]'' (titled ''Return of the Dragon'' in its US distribution), which is widely credited with launching his way into stardom. In [[Asia]], he is still known primarily for this role. In 1974, McQueen encouraged him to begin acting classes at [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer|MGM]]. Chuck Norris retired with a [[karate]] record of 183-10-2.
===Names===
{{ChineseText}}
Lee's [[Cantonese (linguistics)|Cantonese]] given name was ''Jun Fan'' (振藩; Mandarin [[Pinyin]]: Zhènfán).<ref name=Bio-TBLS>{{harvnb|Lee|1989}}</ref> At his birth, he additionally was given the English name of "Bruce" by a Dr. Mary Glover. Though Mrs. Lee had not initially planned on an English name for the child, she deemed it appropriate and would concur with Dr. Glover's addition.<ref name=Bio-BLTUS>{{cite book|title=Bruce Lee The Untold Story|first=Grace|last=Lee|publisher=CFW Enterprise|location=United States|year=1980}}</ref> However, his American name was never used within his family until he enrolled in [[La Salle College]] (a Hong Kong high school) at the age of 12,<ref name=Bio-TBLS/> and again at another high school ([[St. Francis Xavier]]'s College in [[Kowloon]]), where Lee would come to represent the [[boxing]] team in inter-school events.


Norris' first starring role was 1977's ''[[Breaker! Breaker!]]'', and subsequent films such as ''[[The Octagon (film)|The Octagon]]'' (1980), ''[[An Eye for an Eye (1981 film)|An Eye for an Eye]]'' (1981), and ''[[Lone Wolf McQuade]]'' proved his increasing [[box office]] bankability. In 1984, Norris starred in ''Missing in Action'', the first of a series of [[Prisoner of war|POW]] rescue fantasies themed around the [[Vietnam War POW/MIA issue]] that were produced by [[Israel]]i cousins [[Menahem Golan]] and [[Yoram Globus]] and released under their [[Cannon Films]] banner. Contrary to reports, he was never offered the part of the [[sensei]] of the Kobra Kai [[dojo]] in the movie ''[[The Karate Kid]]''. On a February 9, 2006 episode of [[Adam Carolla]]'s radio show, Norris said that he was never offered the role. Norris noted that he was already playing leading roles by the time ''[[The Karate Kid]]'' was in production.
Lee initially had the birth name ''Li Yuen Kam''<ref name=Bio-KOKF/> (李炫金); Mandarin Pinyin: Lǐ Xuànjīn) given to him by his mother, as at the time, Lee's father was away on a [[Chinese opera]] tour. This name would later be abandoned because of a conflict with the name of Bruce's grandfather, causing him to be renamed ''Jun Fan'' upon his father's return. Also of note is that Lee was given a feminine name, ''Sai Fung'' (細鳳, literally "small [[Fenghuang|phoenix]]"), which was used throughout his early childhood in keeping with a Chinese custom, traditionally thought to hide a child from evil spirits.


Over the next four years, Norris became Cannon's most prominent star, appearing in eight films, including ''[[Code of Silence]]'', ''[[The Delta Force (movie)|The Delta Force]]'', and ''[[Firewalker (film)|Firewalker]]'', in which he co-starred with [[Academy Award]] winner [[Louis Gossett, Jr.]]. Many of the aforementioned films were produced by Chuck Norris's brother Aaron, as were several episodes of ''Walker, Texas Ranger''. In 1986, he was involved in the production of the [[Ruby-Spears Productions|Ruby Spears]] [[animated television series|cartoon]] ''[[Karate Kommandos]]''.
Lee's screen names were respectively ''Lee Siu Lung'' (in Cantonese), and ''Li Xiao Long'' (in [[Mandarin (linguistics)|Mandarin]]) (李小龍; Cantonese pengyam: Ley<sup>5</sup> Siu² Long<sup>4</sup>; Mandarin Pinyin: Lǐ Xiǎolóng) which literally translates to "''Lee the Little Dragon''" in English. These names were first used by director 袁步雲 of the 1950 Cantonese movie 細路祥, in which Lee would perform. It is possible that the name "''Lee Little Dragon''" was based on his childhood name of "''small dragon''", as, in Chinese tradition, the [[Chinese dragon|dragon]] and [[Fenghuang|phoenix]] come in pairs to represent the male and female genders respectively. The more likely explanation is that he came to be called "''Little Dragon''" because, according to the [[Chinese zodiac]], he was born in the [[Dragon (zodiac)|Year of the Dragon]].


It is occasionally cited that Norris made history in 1997 when he was the first Westerner in the documented history of [[Tae Kwon Do]] to be given the rank of 8th Degree Black Belt Grand Master.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=56560|title=Questions I am asked most about martial arts|date=July 9, 2007}}</ref> However, Norris himself appears to have been misled about this as there were at least two other US Black Belts (Charles 'Chuck' Sereff and Edward Sell<ref>[http://christiantaekwondouniversity.net/founders.htm christiantaekwondouniversity.net<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ohdokwan.ca/charlessereff.html|title=Charles Serell - Taekwon-Do Pioneers|accessdate=2007-12-22}}</ref>) awarded TKD 8th Dan several years previously. On July 1, 2000, Norris was presented the Golden Lifetime Achievement Award by the [[World Karate Union]] Hall of Fame.
==Acting career==
Lee's father Hoi-Chuen was a famous [[Cantonese Opera]] star. Thus, through his father, Bruce was introduced into films at a very young age and appeared in several short black-and-white films as a child. Lee had his first role as a baby who was carried onto the stage. By the time he was 18, he had appeared in twenty films.<ref name="BLFoundationBio" />


On March 28, 2007, Commandant Gen. [[James T. Conway]] made Norris an “Honorary Marine” during dinner at the commandant’s residence in Washington, D.C.<ref>[http://www.marinecorpstimes.com/news/2007/03/marine_chuck_norris_070329/ Conway makes Chuck Norris honorary Marine - Marine Corps News, news from Iraq - Marine Corps Times<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
While in the United States from 1959–1964, Lee abandoned thoughts of a film career in favor of pursuing [[martial arts]]. However, after Lee's high-profile martial arts demonstration at the 1964 [[Long Beach, California|Long Beach]] [[Karate]] Tournament, he was seen by some of the nation's most proficient martial artists—as well as the hairdresser of ''[[Batman (TV series)|Batman]]'' producer [[William Dozier]].{{Fact|date=December 2008}} Dozier soon invited Lee for an audition, where Lee so impressed the producers with his lightning-fast moves that he earned the role of [[Kato (The Green Hornet)|Kato]] alongside [[Van Williams]] in the TV series ''[[The Green Hornet#Television|The Green Hornet]]''. The show lasted just one season, from 1966 to 1967. Lee also played Kato in three crossover episodes of ''[[Batman (TV series)|Batman]]''. This was followed by guest appearances in a host of television series, including ''[[Ironside (TV series)|Ironside]]'' (1967) and ''[[Here Come the Brides]]'' (1969).
[[Image:New York 1999 bruce lee-perspcorr.jpg|350px|thumb|A painting of Bruce Lee as he appeared in film]]


===Walker, Texas Ranger===
In 1969, Lee made a brief appearance in his first American film ''[[Marlowe (1969 film)|Marlowe]]'' where he played a henchman hired to intimidate private detective [[Philip Marlowe]] (played by [[James Garner]]) by smashing up his office with leaping kicks and flashing punches, only to later accidentally jump off a tall building while trying to kick Marlowe off. In 1971, Lee appeared in four episodes of the television series ''[[Longstreet (TV series)|Longstreet]]'' as the martial arts instructor of the title character Mike Longstreet (played by [[James Franciscus]]). Bruce would later pitch a television series of his own tentatively titled ''The Warrior''. Lee's concept was retooled and renamed ''[[Kung Fu (TV series)|Kung Fu]]'', but [[Warner Bros.]] gave Lee no credit.<ref>[[Linda Lee Cadwell|Lee (Cadwell), Linda]], ''[[Bruce Lee: The Man Only I Knew]]'', [[Hachette Book Group USA|Warner Books]], 1975.</ref>Instead the role of the [[Shaolin Monastery|Shaolin monk]] in the [[American Old West|Wild West]], known to have been conceived by Bruce,<ref>Lee (Cadwell), ''op. cit.''</ref> was awarded to then non-martial artist [[David Carradine]] because of the studio's fears that a [[Han Chinese|Chinese]] leading man would not be embraced by a then vastly white American public.<ref>''[[Bruce Lee: A Warrior's Journey]]'', documentary feature, 2000.</ref>
[[Image:ChucknorrisWALKofFAME.jpg|thumb|300px|left|At Reception 1990 with Dennis Hansen]]
By the close of the 1980s, Cannon Films had faded from prominence, and Norris's star appeal seemed to go with it. He reprised his ''[[Delta Force]]'' role for MGM, which had acquired the Cannon library after the latter's [[Chapter 11, Title 11, United States Code|Chapter 11]] [[bankruptcy]]. Norris went on to make several more largely ignored films before making a transition to [[television]]. In 1993, he began shooting the series ''[[Walker, Texas Ranger]]'', which lasted eight years on [[CBS]] and continued in heavy syndication on other channels, notably the [[Hallmark Channel]].


On October 17, 2005, CBS premiered the Sunday night "Movie of the Week" ''Walker, Texas Ranger: Trial by Fire''. The production was a continuation of the series, and not scripted to be a reunion movie. Norris reprised his role as Cordell Walker for the movie. He has stated that future ''Walker, Texas Ranger'' "Movie of the Week" projects are expected; however, this was severely impaired by CBS's 2006–2007 season decision to no longer regularly schedule MOWs on Sunday night.
Not happy with his supporting roles in the U.S., Lee returned to Hong Kong and was offered a film contract by legendary director [[Raymond Chow]] to star in films produced by his production company [[Golden Harvest]]. Lee played his first leading role in ''[[The Big Boss]]'' (1971) which proved an enormous box office success across Asia and catapulted him to stardom. He soon followed up his success with two more huge box office successes: ''[[Fist of Fury]]'' (1972) and ''[[Way of the Dragon]]'' (1972). For ''Way of the Dragon'', he took complete control of the film's production as the writer, director, star, and [[stage combat|choreographer]] of the fight scenes. In 1964, at a demonstration in [[Long Beach, California|Long Beach]], [[California]], Lee had met [[karate]] champion [[Chuck Norris]]. In ''Way of the Dragon'' Lee introduced Norris to moviegoers as his opponent in the final death fight at the [[Colosseum]] in Rome, today considered one of Lee's most legendary fight scenes.


===Personal life===
In 1973, Lee played the lead role in ''[[Enter the Dragon]]'', the first film to be produced jointly by Golden Harvest and Warner Bros. This film would skyrocket Lee to fame in the U.S. and Europe. However, only a few months after the film's completion and three weeks before its release, the supremely fit Lee mysteriously died. ''Enter the Dragon'' would go on to become one of the year's highest grossing films and cement Lee as a martial arts legend. It was made for US$850,000 in 1973 (equivalent to $4 million adjusted for inflation as of 2007).<ref name=bls>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/cpicalc.pl|title=Inflation Calculator|publisher=[[Bureau of Labor Statistics]]}}</ref> To date, ''Enter the Dragon'' has grossed over $200 million worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://www.time.com/time/time100/heroes/profile/lee03.html|title=Heroes & Icons|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref> The movie sparked a brief [[fad]] in the martial-arts, epitomized in such songs as "[[Kung Fu Fighting]]" and such TV shows as ''[[Kung Fu (TV series)|Kung Fu]]''.
Norris married Diane Holechek in 1958. In 1963, his first child with Holechek, a son named Mike, was born. His daughter, Dina, was born in 1964 to a woman that wasn't his wife.<ref>[http://www.heraldextra.com/content/view/208901/ Daily Herald - Chuck Norris authors online anti-abortion tract<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Then, he had a second son, Eric, with his wife in 1965. After 30 years of marriage, Norris and Holechek divorced in 1988.


He married again, in November 1998; this time to former model Gena O'Kelley, who was born in 1968, and is 28 years Norris's junior. O'Kelley had two children from a previous marriage. She delivered twins in 2001: Dakota Alan Norris, a boy, and Danilee Kelly Norris, a girl.<ref>[http://www.tv.com/gena-norris/person/242582/trivia.html Gena Norris Trivia - Gena Norris Facts - Gena Norris Notes<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
[[Robert Clouse]], the director of ''Enter the Dragon'', and Raymond Chow attempted to finish Lee's incomplete film ''[[Game of Death]]'' which Lee was also set to write and direct. Lee had shot over 100 minutes of footage, including outtakes, for ''Game of Death'' before shooting was stopped to allow him to work on ''Enter the Dragon''. [[Kareem Abdul-Jabbar]], a student of Lee, also appeared in the film, which culminates in Lee's character, Hai Tien (clad in the now-famous yellow track suit) taking on the 7'2" basketball player in a climactic fight scene. In a controversial move, Robert Clouse finished the film using a [[look-alike]] and [[stock footage|archive footage]] of Lee from his other films with a new storyline and cast, which was released in 1979. However, the cobbled-together film contained only fifteen minutes of actual footage of Lee (he had printed many unsuccessful takes<ref>''[[Bruce Lee, the Legend]]'', 1977, [[Paragon Films, Ltd.]], [[20th Century Fox Home Entertainment]]</ref>) while the rest had a Lee look-alike, [[Tai Chung Kim]], and [[Yuen Biao]] as stunt double. The unused footage Lee had filmed was recovered 22 years later and included in the documentary ''[[Bruce Lee: A Warrior's Journey]]''.


On September 22, 2004, Norris told ''[[Entertainment Tonight]]'''s [[Mary Hart]] that his daughter Dina was the result of an extramarital affair. He did not meet her until she was 26, although she learned that he was her father when she was 16. She sent him a letter to his home informing him that she was his daughter. After meeting her, he acknowledged that he knew that she was his upon seeing her.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etonline.com/celebrities/34237/index.html | archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20061123143532/http://www.etonline.com/celebrities/34237/index.html | archivedate=2006-11-23 |date=2004-09-22|title=At Home and Up-Close with Chuck Norris|author=Mary Hart|work=etonline.com}}</ref>
==Challengers on the set==
[[Image:Chuck Norris 200611292256.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Norris in 2006]]
Lee's celebrity and martial arts prowess often put him on a collision course with a number of street thugs, stunt men and martial arts extras, all hoping to make a name for themselves. Lee typically defused such challenges without fighting, but felt forced to respond to several persistent individuals.


Now an outspoken [[Christian]],<ref>See External Links Drew Marshall Interview</ref> Norris is the author of several Christian books, such as ''The Justice Riders''. He has also been in a few TV commercials promoting [[Bible]] study and prayer in public schools, in addition to efforts to reduce drug use. In 2006, he began penning a column for the conservative news website [[WorldNetDaily]], sharing his "musings about faith, family, freedom, country, loyalty – maybe even kickboxing." In his columns, he has expressed his belief in Biblical creationism,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=52567|title=WorldNetDaily: On Chuck Norris 'mania' sweeping the net|year=2006|accessdate=2006-12-09}}</ref> that those who are troubled should turn to [[Jesus]], and is quoted as saying "true patriots" do not stay clear of discussing religion and politics.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=53032|title=WorldNetDaily: America's Code of Silence|year=2006|accessdate=2006-12-09}}</ref>
[[Robert Wall|Bob Wall]], USPK [[karate]] champion and co-star in ''Enter the Dragon'', recalled a particularly serious encounter that transpired after a film extra kept taunting Lee. The extra yelled that Lee was "a movie star, not a martial artist," that he "wasn't much of a fighter." Lee answered his taunts by asking him to jump down from the wall he was sitting on. Bob Wall described Lee's opponent as "a gang-banger type of guy from Hong Kong," a "damned good martial artist," and observed that he was fast, strong, and bigger than Bruce.<ref>{{harvnb|Little|1997|p=167}}</ref>


Norris serves on the board of directors of the [[NCBCPS]], an organization promoting the use of the Bible in public schools, and also speaks on behalf of organizations advocating official prayers in public schools.
Wall recalled the confrontation in detail:


Norris has received a brownbelt in [[Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu]] from the [[Machado]] family.<ref>"[http://web.archive.org/web/20060428001330/http://bjj.org/a/alpha.html#N]", ''BJJ Instructors and Students'', URL Last accessed June 4, 2005.</ref>
{{quotation|''"This kid was good. He was strong and fast, and he was really trying to punch Bruce's brains in. But Bruce just methodically took him apart."''<ref name = leg>{{harvnb|Vaughn|1986|p=153}}</ref>


===Political views===
''"Bruce kept moving so well, this kid couldn't touch him...Then all of a sudden, Bruce got him and rammed his ass into the wall and swept him, he proceeded to drop his knee into his opponent's chest, locked his arm out straight, and nailed him in the face repeatedly."''<ref>{{harvnb|Little|1997|p=168}}</ref>}}
Norris is a [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]], often championing the views of the party. Norris has donated more than $32,000 to Republican candidates and organizations since 1988.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newsmeat.com/celebrity_political_donations/Chuck_Norris.php|title=Newsmeat: Chuck Norris's Federal Campaign Contribution Report|year=2006|accessdate=2006-12-09}}</ref> On January 26, 2007, Norris filled in for [[Sean Hannity]] as a co-host on the popular [[Fox News Channel]] debate program ''[[Hannity & Colmes]]'' alongside [[Alan Colmes]].


Chuck Norris supports gun rights and ownership, and is against public schools condoning homosexuality.<ref>[http://www.wnd.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=59697 Guns, God and gays<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> He also does not believe in the [[theory of evolution]]. Instead, he subscribes to [[intelligent design]].<ref>[http://worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=52567 On Chuck Norris 'mania' sweeping the Net<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.townhall.com/Columnists/ChuckNorris/2008/04/22/win_ben_steins_monkey Chuck Norris :: Townhall.com :: Win Ben Stein's Monkey<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
After his victory, Lee gave his opponent lessons on how to improve his fighting skills. His opponent, now impressed, would later say to Lee, "You really are a master of the martial arts."<ref name = leg/>


On October 22, 2007, Norris announced his endorsement of Arkansas Governor [[Mike Huckabee]] for President.<ref>[http://www.mikehuckabee.com/index.cfm?FuseAction=Blogs.View&Blog_id=610 Home - Mike Huckabee<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Norris said, "I believe the only one who has all of the characteristics to lead America forward into the future is ex-Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=58255|title=My choice for president|author=Chuck Norris|date=2007-10-21|publisher=WorldNetDaily}}</ref>
==Hong Kong legacy==
[[Image:HK Star Bruce Lee 16.jpg|thumb|300px|Sculpture of Bruce Lee at the [[Avenue of Stars, Hong Kong]]]]
There are a number of stories (perhaps apocryphal) surrounding Lee that are still repeated in [[Culture of Hong Kong|Hong Kong culture]] today. One is that his early 70s interview on the [[TVB]] show [[Enjoy Yourself Tonight]] cleared the busy streets of Hong Kong as everyone was watching the interview at home.


On May 10, 2008, Norris was the commencement speaker at the deceased televangelist [[Jerry Falwell]]'s Liberty University. Norris addressed a graduating class of more than 4,000 students.
His moment of birth is often used as a modern cultural proof of the existence of the [[Four Pillars of Destiny]] concept, having been born in the [[Dragon (zodiac)|year of the Dragon]], in the hour of the Dragon, along with other [[Chinese Astrology|astrological]] alignment.{{Fact|date=November 2008}}


After the [[United States presidential election, 2008|2008 presidential election]], Norris drafted a letter to President elect [[Barack Obama]], stating that he should uphold the Constitution, protect the rights of the unborn, and not follow the precedent of the past US Presidents.
==Martial arts training and development==
<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.worldnetdaily.com/index.php?pageId=80577|title=Obama, now that you work for me...|author=Chuck Norris|date=2008-11-10|publisher=World Net Daily}}</ref>
Lee's first introduction to martial arts was through his father, Lee Hoi Cheun. He learned the fundamentals of [[Wu style Tai Chi Chuan]] from his father.<ref>{{harvnb|Thomas|1994|p=14}}</ref> Lee's [[sifu]], [[Wing Chun]] master [[Yip Man]], was also a colleague and friend of Hong Kong's [[Wu style Tai Chi Chuan]] teacher [[Wu Ta-ch'i]].


On November 18, 2008, Norris became one of the first members of the entertainment industry to express support for the [[California Proposition 8]] ban on same-sex marriage, and heavily criticized the gay community for interfering with the democratic process and double standard. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://townhall.com/columnists/ChuckNorris/2008/11/18/if_democracy_doesnt_work,_try_anarchy?page=full&comments=true|title= If Democracy Doesn't Work, Try Anarchy|author=Chuck Norris|date=2008-11-18|publisher=Townhall}}</ref>
Lee trained in [[Wing Chun]] [[Gung Fu]] from age 13–18 under Hong Kong Wing Chun [[Sifu]] [[Yip Man]]. Lee was introduced to Yip Man in early 1954 by [[William Cheung]], then a live-in student of Yip Man. Like most Chinese martial arts schools at that time, Sifu Yip Man's classes were often taught by the highest ranking students. One of the highest ranking students under Yip Man at the time was [[Wong Shun-leung|Wong Shun-Leung]]. Wong is thought to have had the largest influence on Bruce's training. Yip Man trained Lee privately after some students refused to train with Lee due to his ancestry.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://www.funtrivia.com/en/Celebrities/Lee-Bruce-13857.html|title= Interesting Questions, Facts, and Information|publisher=Fun Trivia}}</ref>


===Chun Kuk Do===
Bruce was also trained in Western [[boxing]] and won the 1958 Boxing Championship match against 3-time champion Gary Elms by knockout in the 3rd round. Before arriving to the finals against Elms, Lee had knocked out 3 straight boxers in the first round.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000045/bio|title=Biography for Bruce Lee|publisher=[[IMDB]]}}</ref> In addition, Bruce learned western fencing techniques from his brother Peter Lee, who was a champion fencer at the time.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://www.bruceleedivinewind.com/davismiller.html|title=The Divine Wind|publisher=Bruce Lee Divine Wind}}</ref> This multi-faceted exposure to different fighting arts would later play an influence in the creation of the eclectic martial art Jeet Kune Do.
{{main|Chun Kuk Do}}
[[Image:400px-ChuckNorrisSTUDIOrules.jpg|thumb|]]
Norris created the [[martial art]] Chun Kuk Do, which is based primarily on [[Tang Soo Do]] and includes elements from every combat style he knows. Like many other martial arts, Chun Kuk Do includes a code of honor and rules to live by. These rules are from Chuck Norris's personal code. They are:


# I will develop myself to the maximum of my potential in all ways.
===Jun Fan Gung Fu===
# I will forget the mistakes of the past and press on to greater achievements.
{{main|Jun Fan Gung Fu}}
# I will continually work at developing love, happiness and loyalty in my family.
Lee began teaching martial arts after his arrival in the United States in 1959. Originally trained in Wing Chun Gung Fu, Lee called what he taught Jun Fan Gung Fu. ''[[Jun Fan Gung Fu]]'' (literally Bruce's Gung Fu), is basically a slightly modified approach to Wing Chun Gung Fu.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://hardcorejkd.com/wing_chun.php|title=WING CHUN GUNG FU|publisher=Hardcore JKD}}</ref> Lee taught friends he met in Seattle, starting with [[Judo]] practitioner [[Jesse Glover]] as his first student and who later became his first assistant instructor. Before moving to [[California]], Lee opened his first martial arts school, named the Lee Jun Fan Gung Fu Institute, in Seattle.
# I will look for the good in all people and make them feel worthwhile.
# If I have nothing good to say about a person, I will say nothing.
# I will always be as enthusiastic about the success of others as I am about my own.
# I will maintain an attitude of open-mindedness.
# I will maintain respect for those in authority and demonstrate this respect at all times.
# I will always remain loyal to God, my country, family and my friends.
# I will remain highly goal-oriented throughout my life because that positive attitude helps my family, my country and myself.


===Fight record===
Lee also improvised his own kicking method, involving the directness of Wing Chun and the power of Northern Shaolin kung fu. Lee's kicks were delivered very quickly to the target, without "chambering" the leg.


His record, based on tournament matches, is estimated to be 183-10-2, though some sources list it as 65-5. Norris won an estimated 30 or more tournaments, beating an average of five opponents per tournament. At the New York tournaments, he defeated 12-13 opponents per tournament.
===Jeet Kune Do===
[[Image:JKD.svg|thumb|The [[Jeet Kune Do]] Emblem. The [[Chinese character]]s around the [[Taijitu]] symbol indicate: "''Using no way as way''" & "''Having no limitation as limitation''" The arrows represent the endless interaction between yang and yin.<ref>{{harvnb|Bishop|2004|p=23}}</ref>]]


*1963: 15th Airforce Judo Tournament, Fairchild Airforce Base, Spokane, Washington, March 22-23, fought as Carlos Norris: Result unknown.
{{main|Jeet Kune Do}}
*1964: Defeated unknown opponent in Salt Lake City Tournament (debut).
Jeet Kune Do originated in 1965. A match with [[Wong Jack Man]] influenced Lee's [[philosophy]] on fighting. Lee believed that the fight had lasted too long and that he had failed to live up to his potential using Wing Chun techniques. He took the view that traditional martial arts techniques were too rigid and formalistic to be practical in scenarios of chaotic street fighting. Lee decided to develop a system with an emphasis on "''practicality'', ''flexibility'', ''speed'', and ''efficiency''". He started to use different methods of training such as [[weight training]] for strength, running for endurance, stretching for flexibility, and many others which he constantly adapted.
*1964: Defeated unknown opponent in semi-finals in Salt Lake City Tournament.
*1964: Defeated by unknown opponent in finals in Salt Lake City Tournament.
*1964: Defeated [[Ron Marchini]] in the finals at the Tak Kubota's All-Stars Tournament in Los Angeles, California by half a point.
*1965: Defeated by [[Tony Tulleners]] at Takayuki Kubota's All-Stars Tournament in Los Angeles, California.
*1965: Defeated by [[Tony Tulleners]]
*1965: Defeated by [[Tony Tulleners]]
*1965: Defeated by [[Joe Lewis (martial arts)|Joe Lewis]].
*1965: Defeated [[Ron Marchini]] for the Grand Championship of the Winter Nationals in San Jose, California.
*1966: Defeated by [[Allen Steen]] at the Long Beach Tournament promoted by [[Ed Parker]].
*1966: Won the National Winter Karate Championships in San Jose, California promoted by Jim Mather.
*1966: Defeated [[Skipper Mullins]].
*1966: Defeated [[Joe Lewis (martial arts)|Joe Lewis]] in finals of the Tournament of Champions in New York City.
*1966: Won the All-Star Championship Tournament in Los Angeles, California.
*1966: Defeated [[Skipper Mullins]].
*1967: Won American Tang Soo Do Championship in Stockton, California.
*1967: Defeated 11 opponents in elimination matches at the All-American Karate Championships in Madision Square Garden in New York City.
*1967: Defeated [[Hiroshi Nakamura]] (Japan) in semi-finals of the All-American Karate Championships in New York by points 12-1.
*1967: Defeated [[Joe Lewis (martial arts)|Joe Lewis]] for the Grand Championship at the All-American Karate Championships in New York.
*1967: Won the World Karate Middleweight Title in Long Beach, California
*1967: Defeated [[Skipper Mullins]](?/?).
*1967: Defeated 11 opponents in elimination matches at the Grand Champion Internationals on August 12, 1967.
*1967: Defeated [[Carlos Bundo]] at the Grand Champion Internationals on August 12, 1967.
*1967: Defeated [[Joe Lewis (martial arts)|Joe Lewis]] by one point at the Grand Champion Internationals on August 12, 1967.
*1967: Won All American Karate Championships promoted by [[Henry Cho]].
*1967: Won National Tang So Do Tournament in Silver Spring, Maryland.
*1967: Defeated by [[Marcos Solar]] at Kini K. Wang Tournament.
*1967: Defeated [[Skipper Mullins]](?/?).
*1967: Defeated [[Skipper Mullins]](??).
*1967: Defeated [[Joe Lewis (martial arts)|Joe Lewis]](?/?).
*1967: Defeated [[Arnold Urquidez]].
*1967: Defeated [[Victor Moore]](?/?).
*1967: Defeated [[Steve Sanders]](?/?).
*1967: Won All American Karate Championships.
*1968: Defeated [[Fred Wren]] in Dallas Tournament. (Norris' nose was broken)
*1968: Defeated [[Skipper Mullins]] in semi finals in Dallas Tournament.(Norris fought with a broken nose).
*1968: Defeated by [[Joe Lewis (martial arts)|Joe Lewis]] in finals of Dallas Tournament promoted by [[Allen Steen]]. (Norris fought with a broken nose).
*1968: Defeated by [[Jim Butin]] in the opening match of a tournament in Silver Springs, Maryland.
*1968: Defeated [[Skipper Mullins]] in Long Beach, California.
*1968: Won the Internationals(Dallas, Texas).
*1968: Defeated [[Louis Delgado]].
*1968: Defeated by [[Louis Delgado]] in West Coast vs, East Coast.
*1968: Defeated [[Theodore Wong]] in Orient vs. US in New York.
*1968: Defeated [[Louis Delgado]] on November 24th on points: 101 to 93 to win the World Professional Middleweight Title at the Waldorf Astoria in New York. (Norris suffered a broken jaw)
*1968: Draw with [[George Chalian]], on Governor's Island, in New York.
*1968: Won All-American Karate Championships in New York defeating 13 opponents.
*1968: Won the National Tournament of Champions in Cleveland, Ohio.
*1969: Won The Internationals.
*1970: Won All Star Teams Championship in Long Beach, California.
*19??: Won North American Karate Championships in New York, New York defeating 12 opponents.
*1970: Defeated unknown opponent on January 17th at the Long Beach Sports Arena for the US Team Championship. Norris announced his retirement following the match.
*1972: Draw with [[Willie Adams]]-U.S. Teams Championship.
*1972: Defeated Kenneth Glover at tournament in Bethesda, MD.
*1972: Defeated by Jami Bailey at UC Tournament in Lynchburg, VA.


===Chuck Norris Facts===
Lee emphasized what he called "''the style of no style''". This consisted of getting rid of a formalized approach which Lee claimed was indicative of traditional styles. Because Lee felt the system he now called Jun Fan Gung Fu was too restrictive, it was developed into a philosophy and martial art he would come to call (after the name was suggested by Dan Inosanto) ''Jeet Kune Do'' or the ''Way of the Intercepting Fist.'' It is a term he would later regret because Jeet Kune Do implied specific parameters that styles connote whereas the idea of his martial art was to exist outside of parameters and limitations.<ref>{{harvnb|Thomas|1994|p=81}}</ref>
{{main|Chuck Norris Facts}}
In late 2005, Norris became the object of an [[internet phenomenon]] known as "Chuck Norris Facts", which document fictional, often absurdly heroic feats and characteristics about Norris himself. The phenomenon originally started with the "[[Vin Diesel]] Fact Generator", and Chuck Norris Facts were created as a by-product, often using the same facts featured in the Vin Diesel Fact Generator. In time, Chuck Norris Facts became popular, even more so than the original Vin Diesel Fact Generator. Norris has written his own response to the parody on his website, stating that he does not feel offended by them, and finds some of them funny.<ref>[http://www.chucknorris.com/html/events.aspx?type=3 events<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>


On November 29, 2007, [[Gotham Books]], the adult division of [[Penguin Group|Penguin USA]], released a book entitled ''The Truth About Chuck Norris: 400 facts about the World's Greatest Human'' based on the Chuck Norris Facts.<ref>{{cite book
Lee directly certified only 3 instructors. [[Taky Kimura]], [[James Yimm Lee]] (no relation to Bruce Lee), and [[Dan Inosanto]], are the only instructors certified personally by Lee. Inosanto holds the 3rd rank (Instructor) directly from Bruce Lee in Jeet Kune Do, Jun Fan Gung Fu, and Bruce Lee's Tao of Chinese Gung Fu. Taky Kimura holds a 5th rank in Jun Fan Gung Fu. James Yimm Lee (now deceased) held a 3rd rank in Jun Fan Gung Fu. Ted Wong holds 2nd rank in Jeet Kune Do certified directly by Dan Inosanto. James Yimm Lee and Taky Kimura hold ranks in Jun Fan Gung Fu, not Jeet Kune Do; Taky received his 5th rank in Jun Fan Gung Fu after the term Jeet Kune Do existed. Also Bruce gave Dan all three diplomas on the same day, suggesting perhaps that Bruce wanted Dan to be his protege. All other Jeet Kune Do instructors since Lee's death have been certified directly by Dan Inosanto.
|title=The Truth About Chuck Norris: 400 Facts About the World's Greatest Human

|author=Ian Spector
James Yimm Lee, a close friend of Lee, died without certifying additional students. Taky Kimura, to date, has certified only one person in [[Jun Fan Gung Fu]]: his son and heir [[Andy Kimura]]. Dan Inosanto continued to teach and certify select students in [[Jeet Kune Do]] for over 30 years, making it possible for thousands of martial arts practitioners to trace their training lineage back to Bruce Lee. Prior to his death, Lee told his then only two living instructors Inosanto and Kimura (James Yimm Lee had died in 1972) to dismantle his schools. Both Taky Kimura and Dan Inosanto were allowed to teach small classes thereafter, under the guideline "keep the numbers low, but the quality high". Bruce also instructed several World Karate Champions including Chuck Norris, Joe Lewis, and Mike Stone. Between all 3 of them, during their training with Bruce they won every Karate Championship in the United States.<ref>{{harvnb|Little|2001|p=211}}</ref>
|publisher=Gotham

|origdate=2007-11-29
====Controversy over Jeet Kune Do====
|isbn=978-1592403448
The name "Jun Fan Jeet Kune Do" was legally trademarked, and the rights to Bruce Lee's name, likeness, and personal martial arts legacy (including personal photos and countless personal effects and memorabilia) were given solely to the Lee estate for copyrighted commercial use. The name is made up of two parts: 'Jun Fan' (Lee's Chinese given name) and 'Jeet Kune Do' (the Way of the Intercepting Fist).
}}</ref> Norris subsequently filed suit in December against Penguin USA claiming "trademark infringement, unjust enrichment and privacy rights."<ref name="chucksuepwnt">{{cite web

|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/rbssTechMediaTelecomNews/idUSN2129580420071222
===Jujitsu===
|title=Chuck Norris sues, says his tears no cancer cure
{{main|Jujitsu}}
|date=2007-12-21
At 22 Lee also met Professor [[Wally Jay]], and began to receive informal instruction in [[Jujitsu]] from him. The two would have long conversations about theories surrounding the [[martial arts]] and grew to be longtime friends.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://inosanto.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=102&Itemid=40 |title= Dan Inosanto Talks about Professor Wally |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20061022141308/http://inosanto.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=102&Itemid=40 |archivedate=2006-10-22|accessdate=2008-05-30|publisher=Inosanto Academy}}</ref>
|accessdate=2007-12-23

|author=Kearney, Christine
==1964 Long Beach International Karate Championships==
|publisher=Reuters
<!-- Commented out: [[Image:One inch punch bruce lee 1964aug2 long beach.JPG|thumb|300px|Bruce Lee's "''[[One inch punch]]''"|{{ifdc|1=Image:One inch punch bruce lee 1964aug2 long beach.JPG|log=2008 November 12}}]] -->

At the invitation of [[Ed Parker]], Lee appeared in the 1964 [[Long Beach International Karate Championships]]<ref name="ikc">{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://www.longbeachikc.com/|title=2007 Long Beach International Karate Championship|publisher=Long Beach International Karate Championship}}</ref> and performed repetitions of two-finger [[pushups]] (using the [[thumb]] and the [[index finger]]) with feet at approximately a shoulder-width apart. In the same Long Beach event he also performed the "''[[One inch punch]]''".<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://www.maniacworld.com/bruce_lee_3.htm|title=Two Finger Pushup|publisher=Maniac World}}</ref> The description of which is as follows: Lee stood upright, his right foot forward with knees bent slightly, in front of a standing, stationary partner. Lee's right arm was partly extended and his right fist approximately an inch away from the partner's chest. Without retracting his right arm, Lee then forcibly delivered the punch to his partner while largely maintaining his posture, sending the partner backwards and falling into a chair said to be placed behind the partner to prevent injury, though the force of gravity caused his partner to soon after fall onto the floor.

His volunteer was Bob Baker of Stockton, California. "I told Bruce not to do this type of demonstration again", he recalled. "When he punched me that last time, I had to stay home from work because the pain in my chest was unbearable."<ref>{{harvnb|Vaughn|1986|p=21}}</ref>

==1967 Long Beach International Karate Championships==
Lee also appeared at the 1967 [[Long Beach International Karate Championships]]<ref name="ikc" /> and performed various demonstrations, including the famous "unstoppable punch" against USKA world karate champion [[Vic Moore]]. Lee told Moore that he was going to throw a straight punch to the face, and all he had to do was to try and block it. Lee took several steps back and asked if Moore was ready, when Moore nodded in affirmation, Lee glided towards him until he was within striking range. He then threw a straight punch directly at Moore's face, and stopped before impact. In eight attempts, Moore failed to block any of the punches.<ref>{{cite book
| last = Uyehara
| first = Mitoshi
| title = Bruce Lee: The Incomparable Fighter
| publisher = Ohara Publications
|year=1991
| location = [[Santa Clarita, California]]
| pages = 27
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


==Fights==
=== Trivia ===
{{Unreferencedsection|date=May 2008}}
{{trivia|date=July 2008}}
In 2004, ''[[Late Night with Conan O'Brien]]'' began a recurring sketch in which O'Brien would pull a [[Sketches from Late Night with Conan O'Brien#The Walker Texas Ranger Lever|''Walker, Texas Ranger'' Lever]] next to his desk, which would cause a brief, out-of-context clip from ''[[Walker, Texas Ranger]]'' to play. This became one of the more popular segments on O'Brien's show and led to a guest appearance by Norris himself, who pulled his own "Conan O'Brien Lever" to play a clip of Norris beating up O'Brien. This segment has been credited as jump-starting the Norris craze and leading to enough interest to produce a ''Walker, Texas Ranger'' TV movie.
{| border cellpadding=5 class="prettytable" width="100%" text-align="center"
| '''Year''' || '''Opponent''' || '''Location''' || '''Result''' || '''Other info'''
|-
|1955 || William Cheung || Hong Kong || Exhibition
|-
|1957 || Wong Shun-Leung || Hong Kong || Exhibition
|-
|1958 || Pu Chang || Hong Kong || KO 2 || Referee: Wong Shun-Leung
|-
|1958 || Yang Huang || Hong Kong || KO 1 || Amateur Boxing Tournament
|-
|1958 || Lieh Lo || Hong Kong || KO 1 || Amateur Boxing Tournament
|-
|1958 || Shen Yuen || Hong Kong || KO 1 || Amateur Boxing Tournament-Semi Finals
|-
|1958 || Gary Elms || Hong Kong || KO 3 || Amateur Boxing Tournament-Finals
|-
|1960 || (unknown) || [[Seattle]], [[Washington]] || KO 1 || Lee scored a knockout with a backfist/Street Fight
|-
|1960 || (unknown) || Seattle, Washington || KO 1 || Street Fight
|-
|1962 (?) || Uechi || Seattle, Washington || KO 1 || Referee: Jesse Glover
|-
|1963 || (unknown) || Hong Kong || KO
|-
|1964 || [[Wong Jack Man]] || Oakland, California || Controversial|| Result of this fight is disputed. Some sources claim the fight ended in a draw or a win for Lee.
|-
|1973 || ([[Kung fu]] fighter) || Hong Kong || KO || The KO came 30 seconds into the fight.
|}


He is also referenced in a parody song "[[The Ultimate Showdown of Ultimate Destiny]]" which has gained some small popularity on the internet, and reflects the general sentiment of the Chuck Norris jokes and parody.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ultimateshowdown.org/lyrics.php|title=The Ultimate Showdown of Ultimate Destiny Lyrics|accessdate=2007-11-03}}</ref>
Lee was not a professional competitor, but he did set his sights upon the goal of being one of the fittest and strongest fighters of the world, and he went through life earnestly attempting to achieve this. Lee researched many arts in his life and used what he found was useful and rejected what he did not. He also made subtle changes where he could if what he found did not fit his specific requirements. He tended to favor techniques where he could best take advantage of his own attributes, be it his phenomenal speed, strength, elusiveness or power. As seen in his films, Lee shrieked and made high-pitched noises while moving to throw opponents psychically off-center.<Ref name="warriorwithin137">{{cite book | last = Little | first = John | title = The Warrior Within - The philosophies of Bruce Lee to better understand the world around you and achieve a rewarding life | publisher = Contemporary Books | year = 1996 | pages = 137 | isbn=0809231948}}</ref> Lee did say he could have beaten anybody in the world in a real fight.


Norris rode out in a convertible on ''[[The Price is Right (US game show)|The Price is Right $1,000,000 Spectacular]]'' in 2003 to wish [[Bob Barker]] a happy 80th birthday. He also helped a contestant win the convertible playing the [[Lucky $even]] game. Norris had instructed Bob Barker in karate for years.
Dan Inosanto said, "there's no doubt in my mind that if Bruce Lee had gone into pro boxing, he could easily have ranked in the top three in the lightweight division or junior-welterweight division."{{Citation
| last=Birchland
| first=Bob
| author-link=Bob Birchland
| title="The Truth of Boxing: A Critical Look at Bruce Lee's Hand Skills"
| newspaper=[[Black Belt Magazine]]
| pages=93
| date=November 2007
| url=http://www.blackbeltmag.com
}}


During the March 10, 2006, show of [[ESPN]]'s ''[[Pardon the Interruption]]'', numerous references were made to Norris on his birthday, including all of the cut-out heads on the set, which are usually of current sports stars, being replaced with Chuck Norris heads. Also, several humorous comments in reference to Norris were made by co-host [[Tony Kornheiser]] in a similar tone to that featured on the ''Chuck Norris Facts'' website.
Lee had boxed in the 1959 Boxing Championships held between twelve Hong Kong schools, a tournament in which he beat the three-time champion from another school (a French boy).<ref>{{harvnb|Thomas|1994|p=27}}</ref>


Norris served as a guest referee at the [[World Wrestling Entertainment|World Wrestling Federation's]] [[Survivor Series (1994)|Survivor Series 1994]] for the [[casket match]] between [[The Undertaker]] and [[Rodney Anoa'i|Yokozuna]]. A similar match took place at the [[Royal Rumble (1994)|Royal Rumble 1994]], where ten other wrestlers defeated the Undertaker. Norris was called upon to ensure a similar situation didn't take place. As guest referee, he kicked [[Jeff Jarrett]] in the stomach.
==Physical fitness and nutrition==
===Physical fitness===
[[Image:The.Way.Of.The.Dragon.1972.Bruce.Lee.flex.front.jpg|thumb|250px|Bruce Lee in ''[[Way of the Dragon]]'' in 1972]]


Norris starred in his own [[Atari 2600]] [[video game]], ''Chuck Norris Superkicks''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atariage.com/software_page.html?SoftwareLabelID=82|title=Atari 2600 - Chuck Norris Superkicks|work=atariage.com|accessdate=2007-12-22}}</ref> as well as his [[mobile]] [[video game]] ''Chuck Norris: Bring on the Pain'', developed by [[Gameloft]]<ref>[http://wireless.ign.com/objects/142/14267921.html Chuck Norris: Bring on the Pain] IGN.com, Retrieved October 10, 2008.</ref>. Norris also appears in [[George Ouzounian|Maddox]] (real name George Ouzounian)'s book: ''[[Alphabet of Manliness]]'' under the letter N; where he is described as "the greatest American ever to live". In the video game magazine [[Nintendo Power]], Volume 203's Pulse section featured many references to Chuck Norris. He has since become a regular reference, along with [[Mr. T]].
Lee felt that many [[martial artist]]s of his day did not spend enough time on physical conditioning. Bruce included all elements of total fitness—muscular strength, muscular endurance, cardiovascular endurance, and flexibility. He tried traditional [[bodybuilding]] techniques to build bulky muscles or mass. However, Lee was careful to admonish that mental and spiritual preparation was fundamental to the success of physical training in martial arts skills. In his book ''[[The Tao of Jeet Kune Do]]'', he wrote


In ''[[Crash of the Titans]]'', there is an unlockable move called the Norris Roundhouse.
{{quotation|Training is one of the most neglected phases of athletics. Too much time is given to the development of skill and too little to the development of the individual for participation." "JKD, ultimately is not a matter of petty techniques but of highly developed spirituality and physique.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://www.hybridmartialart.com/Martial%20Art%20Overview/Martial_%20Arts_%20Overview.html|title=Martial Art Disciplines at Hybrid Martial Arts Academy |publisher=Hybrid Martial Art}}</ref>}}


In 2007, [[Honda]] featured Chuck Norris in a commercial for the [[Honda Ridgeline]] pickup truck, in which he played himself as a tough man in a high society restaurant, with the tagline "Tough Meets Classy".
The [[weight training]] program that Lee used during a stay in Hong Kong in 1965 at only 24 years old placed heavy emphasis on his arms. At that time he could perform [[bicep curls]] at a weight of 70 to 80lbs for three sets of eight repetitions, along with other forms of exercises, such as squats, push-ups, reverse curls, concentration curls, French presses, and both wrist curls and reverse wrist curls.<ref>{{harvnb|Lee|1989|p=70}}</ref> The repetitions he performed were 6 to 12 reps (at the time). While this method of training targeted his fast and slow twitch muscles, it later resulted in weight gain or muscle mass, placing Bruce a little over 160 lbs. Lee was documented as having well over 2,500 books in his own personal library, and eventually concluded that "A stronger muscle, is a bigger muscle", a conclusion he later disputed. Bruce forever experimented with his training routines to maximize his physical abilities, and push the human body to its limits. He employed many different routines and exercises including [[jump rope|skipping rope]], which served his training and bodybuilding purposes effectively.<ref>{{cite book|author=Hatfield, Fredrick C.|year=1993|title=Fitness: The Complete Guide|publisher=International Sport Sciences Association|location=[[California]]|page=119}}</ref>


On February 14, 2008, it was announced that Chuck Norris is one of three actors being considered for the role of Nigel Forster in an as yet untitled film on the inventor of the television [[John Logie Baird]]. This would see Chuck playing to his hard man image as a rival American inventor.
Lee believed that the abdominal muscles were one of the most important muscle groups for a martial artist, since virtually ''every movement'' requires some degree of abdominal work. Perhaps more importantly, the "abs" are like a shell, protecting the ribs and vital organs.


==Filmography==
He trained from 7 a.m. to 9 a.m., including stomach, flexibility, and running, and from 11 a.m. to 12 p.m. he would weight train and cycle. A typical exercise for Lee would be to run a distance of two to six miles in 15 to 45 minutes, in which he would vary speed in 3–5 minute intervals. Lee would ride the equivalent of 10 miles in 45 minutes on a stationary bike.<ref>{{cite web
* ''[[The Green Berets (film)|The Green Berets]]'' ([[1968 in film|1968]]), with Chuck Norris as ''Martial arts performer''.
| last = Uhera
* ''[[The Wrecking Crew (1969 film)|The Wrecking Crew]]'' ([[1969 in film|1969]])
| first = Mito
* ''[[Way of the Dragon]]'' ([[1972 in film|1972]])
| title = Feats
* ''The Student Teachers'' ([[1973 in film|1973]])
| publisher = Bruce Lee: The Divine Wind
* ''Slaughter in San Francisco'' ([[1974 in film|1974]])
| url = http://www.bruceleedivinewind.com/feats.html
* ''The Warrior Within'' ([[1976 in film|1976]]) (documentary)
| accessdate=2008-05-30
* ''Bruce Lee, the Legend'' ([[1977 in film|1977]]) (documentary)
}}</ref>
* ''[[Breaker! Breaker!]]'' (1977)
* ''[[Good Guys Wear Black]]'' ([[1978 in film|1978]])
* ''[[A Force of One]]'' ([[1979 in film|1979]])
* ''[[The Octagon (film)|The Octagon]]'' ([[1980 in film|1980]])
* ''[[An Eye for an Eye (1981 film)|An Eye for an Eye]]'' ([[1981 in film|1981]])
* ''[[Silent Rage]]'' ([[1982 in film|1982]])
* ''[[Forced Vengeance]]'' (1982)
* ''[[Lone Wolf McQuade]]'' ([[1983 in film|1983]])
* ''[[Missing in Action (film)|Missing in Action]]'' ([[1984 in film|1984]])
* ''[[Missing in Action 2: The Beginning]]'' ([[1985 in film|1985]])
* ''[[Code of Silence (film)|Code of Silence]]'' (1985)
* ''[[Invasion U.S.A. (1985 film)|Invasion U.S.A.]]'' (1985)
* ''[[The Delta Force (film)|The Delta Force]]'' ([[1986 in film|1986]])
* ''[[Firewalker (film)|Firewalker]]'' (1986)
* ''[[The Karate Kommandos]]'' (1986), animated children's show, with ''Chuck Norris himself'' appearing to reveal the episode and the moral contained in the episode.
* ''[[Braddock: Missing in Action III]]'' ([[1988 in film|1988]])
* ''Hero and the Terror'' (1988)
* ''[[Delta Force 2: The Colombian Connection]]'' ([[1990 in film|1990]])
* ''[[The Hitman (film)|The Hitman]]'' ([[1991 in film|1991]])
* ''[[Sidekicks]]'' ([[1992 in film|1992]])
* ''[[Hellbound (film)|Hellbound]]'' ([[1994 in film|1994]])
* ''[[Top Dog (film)|Top Dog]]'' ([[1995 in film|1995]])
* ''[[Forest Warrior]]'' ([[1996 in film|1996]])
* ''The President's Man'' ([[2000 in film|2000]])
* ''The President's Man 2: A Line in the Sand'' ([[2002 in film|2002]])
* ''[[Bells of Innocence]]'' ([[2003 in film|2003]])
* ''[[Dodgeball: A True Underdog Story]]'' ([[2004 in film|2004]])
* ''The Contender'' ([[2005 in film|2005]])
* ''[[The Cutter]]'' (2005)


==Further reading==
Lee would sometimes exercise with the jump rope and put in 800 jumps after cycling.
*''The Secret Power Within: Zen Solutions to Real Problems'', Zen Buddhism and martial arts. Little, Brown and Company (1996). ISBN 0-316-58350-2.
Lee would also do exercises to toughen the skin on his fists, including thrusting his hands into buckets of harsh [[rocks]] and [[gravel]]. He would do over 500 repetitions of this on a given day.<ref>{{cite book
*''Against All Odds: My Story'', an autobiography. Broadman & Holman Publishers (2004). ISBN 0-8054-3161-6.
| last = Campbell
*''The Justice Riders'', [[Wild West]] novels. Broadman & Holman Publishers (2006). ISBN 0-8054-4032-1.
| first = Sid
*Norris, Chuck. ''[[Black Belt Patriotism|Black Belt Patriotism: How to Reawaken America]]'', Regnery Publishing (2008). ISBN 978-1596985582
| title = The Dragon and the Tiger: The Birth of Bruce Lee's Jeet Kune Do, the Oakland Years
| publisher = Frog LTD
|year=2003
| location = [[California]]
| pages = 58
}}</ref>


===Nutrition===
==References==
According to [[Linda Lee Cadwell|Linda Lee]], soon after he moved to the United States, Lee started to take [[nutrition]] seriously and developed an interest in [[health food]]s, high-[[Bodybuilding supplement|protein drinks]] and [[vitamin supplement|vitamin]] and [[mineral supplements]]. He later concluded that in order to achieve a high-performance body, one could not fuel it with a diet of [[junk food]], and with "the wrong fuel" one's body would perform sluggishly or sloppily. Lee also avoided baked goods, describing them as providing calories which did nothing for his body. Lee's diet included protein drinks; he always tried to consume one or two daily, but discontinued drinking them later on in his life.

Linda recalls Bruce's waist fluctuated between 26 and 28 inches. ''"He also drank his own juice concoctions made from [[vegetables]] and [[fruit]]s, [[apple]]s, [[celery]], [[carrot]]s and so on, prepared in an electric [[blender]]"''. {{Fact|date=August 2007}} He consumed green vegetables, fruits, and fresh [[milk]] everyday. Bruce always preferred to eat [[Chinese food|Chinese]] or other [[Asian food]] because he loved the variety that it had. Bruce also became a heavy advocate of [[dietary supplement]]s, including:
* [[Vitamin C]]
* [[Lecithin]] granules
* [[Bee pollen]]
* [[Vitamin E]]
* [[Rose hip]]s (liquid form)
* [[Wheat germ]] oil
* Natural protein tablets (chocolate flavor)
* [[Acerola]]&nbsp;— C
* [[B-Folia]]

===Physique===
Lee's devotion to fitness gave him a body that was admired even by many of the top names in bodybuilding community. [[Joe Weider]], the founder of Mr. Olympia, described Lee's physique as "the most defined body I've ever seen!" Many top bodybuilding competitors have acknowledged Lee as a major influence in their careers, including [[Flex Wheeler]], [[Shawn Ray]], [[Rachel McLish]], [[Lou Ferrigno]], [[Lenda Murray]], [[Dorian Yates]] and eight time [[Mr. Olympia]] [[Lee Haney]].<ref name = WarmMarble>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://www.mikementzer.com/blee.html|title="WARM MARBLE" The Lethal Physique of Bruce Lee |publisher=Mike Mentzer|author=Little, John}}</ref> [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]] was also influenced by Lee, and said of his body,

{{quotation|"Bruce Lee had a very—I mean a very defined physique. He had very little body fat. I mean, he probably had one of the lowest body fat counts of any athlete. And I think that's why he looked so believable."<ref>{{harvnb|Little|1998|p=18}}</ref>}}

A doctor who knew Lee once claimed that he was "Muscled as a squirrel, and spirited as a horse" and fitter than anyone he had ever seen.<ref>{{cite web
| title = Bruce Lee Death
| publisher = JKD Street Defense
|year=2007
| url = http://www.jkdstreetdefense.com/bruce-lee-death.html
| accessdate=2008-05-30
}}</ref> Lee was known to have collected over 140 books in his lifetime on bodybuilding, weight training, physiology and kinesiology. In order to better train specific muscle groups, he also created several original designs of his own training equipment and had his friend George Lee build them to his specifications.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://www.allbrucelee.com/article/equipment_manager.htm|title=The Equipment Manager|publisher=All Bruce Lee|author=Lee, George}}</ref>

===Physical feats===
Lee's phenomenal fitness meant he was capable of performing many exceptional physical feats.<ref name=bldw>{{cite web
| last = DM
| first =
| title = Feats
| publisher = Bruce Lee: The Divine Wind
| url = http://www.bruceleedivinewind.com/feats.html
| accessdate=2008-05-30
}}</ref><ref name = mW>{{cite web
| title = Bruce Lee&nbsp;— Two Finger Pushup
| publisher = Maniac World
| url = http://www.maniacworld.com/bruce_lee_3.htm
| accessdate=2008-05-30
}}</ref><ref name=InterceptingFist>{{cite video
|date=2001-05-31
| title = The Intercepting Fist
| medium = [[DVD]]
| publisher = Sterling Ent
| accessdate=2008-05-30
}}</ref><ref name = ArtExpress>{{harvnb|Little|1998|p=22}}</ref> The following list includes some of the physical feats that are documented and supported by reliable sources.
* Lee's striking speed from three feet with his hands down by his side reached five hundredths of a second.<ref>{{harvnb|Little|1998|p=21}}</ref>
* Lee's combat movements were at times too fast to be captured on film at 24 frames per second, so many scenes were shot in 32fps to put Lee in slow motion. Normally martial arts films are sped up.<ref>{{harvnb|Vaughn|1986|p=110}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| title = Bruce Lee answers a challenge
| publisher = Bruce Lee Divine Wind
|year=2007
| url = http://www.bruceleedivinewind.com/articles/brucechallenge.zip
| accessdate=2008-05-30
}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Little|1997|p=66–67}}</ref>
* In a speed demonstration, Lee could snatch a dime off a person's open palm before they could close it, and leave a penny behind.<ref>{{harvnb|Little|1997|p=71}}</ref>
* Lee could perform push ups using only his thumbs<ref name = WarmMarble/><ref name= ArtExpress/>
* Lee would hold an elevated v-sit position for 30&nbsp;minutes or longer.<ref name=InterceptingFist/>
* Lee could throw grains of rice up into the air and then catch them in mid-flight using chopsticks.<ref name = WarmMarble/>
* Lee performed one-hand push-ups using only the thumb and index finger<ref name=ArtExpress/><ref>{{harvnb|Little|1997|p=82}}</ref><ref name = WarmMarble/><ref name= ArtExpress/>
* Lee performed 50 reps of one-arm chin-ups.<ref>{{harvnb|Little|1998|p=108}}</ref>
* Lee could break wooden boards 6&nbsp;inches (15&nbsp;[[centimeter|cm]]) thick.<ref>{{harvnb|Little|1997|p=87}}</ref>
* Lee could cause a 300-lb (136&nbsp;kg) bag to fly towards and thump the ceiling with a side kick.<ref name = ArtExpress/>
* Lee performed a side kick while training with James Coburn and broke a 150-lb (68&nbsp;kg) punching bag<ref name=InterceptingFist/><ref>{{harvnb|Little|1998|p=150}}</ref>
* In a move that has been dubbed "Dragon Flag", Lee could perform leg lifts with only his shoulder blades resting on the edge of a bench and suspend his legs and torso perfectly horizontal midair.<ref>{{cite web
| last = Seal
| first = Jack
| title = How Did Bruce Lee Get Those Washboard Abs?
| publisher = All Bruce Lee
|year=2007
| url = http://www.allbrucelee.com/article/how_did_bruce_lee_get_those_wash.htm
| accessdate=2008-05-30
}}</ref>

==Philosophy==
{{Wikiquote}}
Although Lee is best known as a [[martial artist]] and actor, he majored in [[philosophy]] at the [[University of Washington]]. He was well-read and had an extensive library. His own books on [[martial arts]] and [[fighting]] philosophy are known for their philosophical assertions both inside and outside of martial arts circles. His eclectic philosophy often mirrored his fighting beliefs, though he was quick to claim that his martial arts were solely a metaphor for such teachings. He believed that any knowledge ultimately led to self-knowledge, and said that his chosen method of self-expression was martial arts.<Ref name="warriorwithin122">{{cite book | last = Little | first = John | title = The Warrior Within - The philosophies of Bruce Lee to better understand the world around you and achieve a rewarding life | publisher = Contemporary Books | year = 1996 | pages = 122 | isbn=0809231948}}</ref> His influences include [[Taoism]], [[Jiddu Krishnamurti]], and [[Buddhism]]<ref>[[Bruce Lee: A Warrior's Journey]] at 31m45s</ref>. Lee was an [[atheist]]. When asked in 1972 what his religious affiliation was, he replied "none whatsoever," and expressed disbelief in God.<Ref name="warriorwithin128">{{cite book | last = Little | first = John | title = The Warrior Within - The philosophies of Bruce Lee to better understand the world around you and achieve a rewarding life | publisher = Contemporary Books | year = 1996 | pages = 128 | isbn=0809231948}}</ref>

The following quotations reflect his fighting philosophy.

* "Be formless... shapeless, like water. If you put water into a cup, it becomes the cup. You put water into a bottle; it becomes the bottle. You put it into a teapot; it becomes the teapot. Water can flow, and it can crash. Be water, my friend..."
* "All kind of knowledge, eventually becomes self knowledge"
* "Use only that which works, and take it from any place you can find it."<ref>{{harvnb|Thomas|1994|p=44}}</ref>
* "Do not deny the classical approach, simply as a reaction, or you will have created another pattern and trapped yourself there."<ref>{{cite book|page=25|title=Tao of Jeet Kune Do|author= Lee, Bruce|publisher=Ohara Publications|year=1975}}</ref>

==Awards and honors==
* With his ancestral roots coming from [[Jun'an|Gwan'on]] in [[Shunde|Seundak]], [[Guangdong]] province of China (廣東順德均安, Guangdong Shunde Jun'An), a street in the village is named after him where his ancestral home is situated. The home is open for public access.
* Lee was named among ''[[TIME Magazine]]''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s 100 Most Important People of the Century as one of the ''greatest heroes & icons'', as an example of personal improvement through, in part, physical fitness, and among the most influential [[martial artists]] of the twentieth century.<ref name="time"/>
* On 31 March 2007 Lee was named as one of History's 100 Most Influential people, according to a Japanese national survey that was televised on NTV.<ref>{{cite episode
| title = History’s 100 Most Influential people: Hero Edition
| episodelink = http://www.japanprobe.com/?p=1471
| airdate = 2007-04-01
}}</ref>
* In 2001, ''[[LMF]]'', a [[Cantonese people|Cantonese]] [[hip-hop]] group in Hong Kong, released a popular song called "1127" as a tribute to Lee.
* In 2003, "Things Asian" wrote an article on the thirtieth anniversary of his death.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://www.thingsasian.com/stories-photos/2629|title= Bruce Lee legend remains strong 30 years after his death |publisher=Things Asian|author=Low, Alan}}</ref>
* In 2004, [[UFC]] president [[Dana White]] credited Lee as the "father of [[mixed martial arts]]".<ref>{{cite book|author=Wickert, Marc|year=2004|title=Dana White and the future of UFC}}</ref>
* On 26 November 2005 the city of [[Mostar]] in [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] honored Lee with a [[Statue of Bruce Lee in Mostar|statue on the Spanish Square]], as a symbol of solidarity. After many years of war and religious splits, Lee's figure was to commend his work: to successfully bridge culture gaps in the world. (One day before the unveiling of the statue in Hong Kong, below).<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3620752.stm|title=Bruce Lee statue for Bosnian city|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=2004-09-02}}</ref>
* In 2005, Lee was remembered in Hong Kong with a [[Bruce Lee statue in Hong Kong|bronze statue]] to mark his sixty-fifth birthday. The bronze statue, unveiled on 27 November 2005, honored Lee as Chinese film's bright star of the century.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4711947.stm|title=Hong Kong's honour for Bruce Lee|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=2005-07-24}}</ref>
* A Bruce Lee theme park with memorial statue and hall has been scheduled to be built in Shunde, China. It is expected to be complete in 2009.<ref>{{cite web
| title = Bruce Lee theme park to be built in China
| publisher = [[Associated Press]]
|date=2006-11-26
| url = http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/15922063/
}}</ref>
* {{As of|2007}}, he is still considered by many martial artists and fans as the greatest martial artist of all time.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://dir.yahoo.com/thespark/4375/the-greatest-martial-artist-of-all-time|title=The Greatest Martial Artist of All Time|publisher=[[Yahoo!]]|date=2006-11-27|author=Chao, Arnold}}</ref>
* On 10 April 2007 China's national broadcaster announced it has started filming a 40-part series on Lee. [[Xinhua]] News Agency said China Central Television started shooting "''The Legend of Bruce Lee''" over the weekend in Shunde in Guangdong province in southern China. Shunde is the ancestral home of Lee, who was born in San Francisco. It said the 50 million yuan (US$6.4 million; €4.8 million) production will also be filmed in Hong Kong and the United States, where Lee studied and launched his acting career. Chen Guokun, who plays Lee, said he has mixed feelings about playing the role of the icon, Xinhua reported. "I'm nervous and also excited, but I will do my best," Chen, who's also known as Chan Kwok-kwan, was quoted as saying. Chen, best known for appearing in the action comedy "Kung Fu Hustle," says Lee has been his role model since he was a child and that he has practiced kung fu for many years. The TV series, which is due to be aired in 2008, the year Beijing hosts the [[2008 Summer Olympics]] Games, appears to aimed at highlighting [[Chinese culture]] in the run up to the event.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/04/10/arts/AS-A-E-China-Bruce-Lee.php|title=Chinese state TV begins filming 40-part series on Bruce Lee|work=[[International Herald Tribune]]|date=2007-04-10}}</ref>
* In 2008, Plans for a Hong Kong museum dedicated to Lee are also in discussion. Lee’s two-story Hong Kong home was to be sold in July for as much as $13 million to benefit victims of the Sichuan earthquake, but its philanthropist owner, responding to pleas from Lee’s fans, decided instead to donate the property to the city so hopefully it can be turned into a museum some day.<ref> Feng, Rex (2008-08-04). [http://www.asianweek.com/2008/08/04/the-legend-lives-on-a-generation-later-bruce-lee%E2%80%99s-legacy-is-still-kicking/ "The Legend Lives On: A Generation Later, Bruce Lee’s Legacy is Still Kicking"]. [[AsianWeek]]. Retrieved on 2008-08-04.</ref>

==Plagiarism accusations==

Writings attributed to Lee published posthumously by his estate in several volumes (including ''The Tao of Jeet Kune Do'' and the ''Bruce Lee Library Series'' of books), have been found to contain scores of incorrectly attributed material, including passages belonging to Alan Watts, Helen Keller, Dear Abby, Fritz Perls, Benjamin Franklin, Hugh Prather, Eric Hoffer, Jiddu Krishnamurti, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, and dozens of other writers. These writings were published from hand-written notes which Bruce Lee compiled throughout his life. While it is fair to point out that Bruce Lee did not authorize the publication of his notes after his death, one of the books, ''The Tao of Gung Fu'', contains at least one essay Lee submitted to his Freshman English class at the University of Washington at Seattle as well as a draft of a chapter for a proposed book by the same name. Both contain plagiarized passages from the books ''The Way of Zen'' and ''This is It'' by Alan Watts, creatively arranged and presented as the first-person experiences of Lee.<ref>{{harvnb|Bishop|2004|pp=136–138 }}</ref> In the book, ''Bruce Lee: The Man Only I Knew'', written by Lee's widow, Linda, Bruce Lee's former English teacher recounts accusing Lee of plagiarizing. "I accused him once of doing that and he sort of laughed," stated Margaret Walters. "He didn't admit it, but he didn't deny it, either."<ref>{{cite book |last=Lee |first=Linda |title=Bruce Lee: The Man Only I Knew |year=1975 |publisher=Warner Paperbacks |location=New York |isbn=0-446-78774-4 |pages=53 }}</ref>

==Martial arts lineage==
{| border cellpadding=5 class="prettytable"
| colspan="2" align="center" | Lineage in [[Wing Chun]] / [[Jeet Kune Do]]
|-
|[[Sifu]] in Wing Chun||[[Yip Man]] (葉問)
|-
|Other instructors||[[Sihing]] [[Wong Shun-leung]] (黃惇樑)
[[William Cheung]]
|-
|Notable Sparring partner||[[Toe Dai]] [[Hawkins Cheung]] Note: He was Lee's friend at the time.
|-
| colspan="2" align="center" | &nbsp;<br />'''Bruce Lee''' (李小龍)<br />Creator of [[Jeet Kune Do]]<br />&nbsp;
|-
|Instructors certified by Lee to teach Jeet Kune Do <br />||[[Dan Inosanto]]<br />[[Taky Kimura]]<br />[[James Yimm Lee]] (Died 1972)<br />
|-
|Known students in Jun Fan<br />Gung Fu/Jeet Kune Do||[[Brandon Bruce Lee]]<br />[[Jesse Glover]]<br />[[Steve Golden]]<br />[[Larry Hartsell]]<br />[[Dan Inosanto]]<br />[[Tommy Carruthers]]<br />[[Taky Kimura]]<br />[[Jerry Poteet]]<br />[[Ted Wong]]<br />[[James Yimm Lee]]<br />[[Rusty Stevens]]<br />Numerous others...
|-
|Famous students taught<br />Jun Fan/Jeet Kune Do||[[Chuck Norris]]<ref>{{harvnb|Lee|1989|p=83}}</ref><br />[[Kareem Abdul-Jabbar]]<br />[[James Coburn]]<br />[[Joe Lewis (martial arts)|Joe Lewis]]<br />[[Roman Polanski]]<br />[[Lee Marvin]]<br />[[Stirling Silliphant]]<br />[[Steve McQueen (actor)|Steve McQueen]]<br />[[Mike Stone]]
Numerous others...
|}

==Death==
[[Image:Bruce Lee 1.JPG|thumb|Bruce Lee buried next to his son [[Brandon Lee|Brandon]] in Lake View Cemetery, Seattle U.S.A]]

A foreshadowing of events to come occurred on 10 May 1973, when Lee collapsed in Golden Harvest studios while doing dubbing work for ''[[Enter the Dragon]]''. Suffering from full-body [[seizures]] and [[cerebral edema]], he was immediately rushed to Hong Kong Baptist Hospital where doctors were able to reduce the swelling through the administration of [[mannitol]] and revive him. These same symptoms that occurred in his first collapse were later repeated on the day of his death.<ref name="collapse">{{harvnb|Thomas|1994}}</ref>

On 20 July 1973, Lee was in Hong Kong, due to have dinner with former [[James Bond]] star [[George Lazenby]], with whom he intended to make a film. According to Lee's wife Linda, Lee met producer [[Raymond Chow]] at 2 p.m. at home to discuss the making of the movie ''[[Game of Death]]''. They worked until 4 p.m. and then drove together to the home of Lee's colleague [[Betty Ting]], a [[Taiwan]]ese actress. The three went over the script at Ting's home, and then Chow left to attend a dinner meeting.

A short time later, Lee complained of a headache, and Ting gave him an [[analgesic]] (painkiller), [[Equagesic]], which contained both aspirin and a muscle relaxant. Around 7:30 p.m., he went to lie down for a nap. After Lee did not turn up for dinner, Chow came to the apartment but could not wake Lee up. A [[Physician|doctor]] was summoned, who spent ten minutes attempting to revive him before sending him by ambulance to [[Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong|Queen Elizabeth Hospital]]. However, Lee was dead by the time he reached the hospital. There was no visible external injury; however, his [[brain]] had swollen considerably, from 1,400 to 1,575 grams (a 13% increase). Lee was 32 years old. The only two substances found during the autopsy were [[Equagesic]] and trace amounts of [[Cannabis (drug)|cannabis]]. On 15 October 2005, Chow stated in an interview that Lee died from a hypersensitivity to the muscle relaxant in Equagesic, which he described as a common ingredient in painkillers. When the [[physicians|doctors]] announced Lee's death officially, it was ruled a "death by misadventure."

Dr. Langford, who treated Lee for his first collapse, stated after his death that, "There's not a question in my mind that cannabis should have been named as the presumptive cause of death."<ref>{{harvnb|Thomas|1994|p=229}}</ref> He also believed that, "[[Equagesic]] was not at all involved in Bruce's first collapse."<ref>{{harvnb|Thomas|1994|p=228}}</ref> Professor R.D. Teare, who had overseen over 100,000 autopsies, was the top expert assigned to the Lee case. Dr. Teare declared that the presence of cannabis was mere coincidence, and added that it would be "irresponsible and irrational" to say that it might have triggered Lee's death. His conclusion was that the death was caused by an acute cerebral edema due to a reaction to compounds present in the prescription pain killing drug Equagesic.<ref>{{harvnb|Thomas|1994|p=209}}</ref> <!--
It's bad that this Wu fellow shows up without any introduction and is then treated as an important opinion, someone with access to the reference cited should fix
--> Another doctor, Peter Wu's preliminary opinion was that the cause of death could have been a reaction to cannabis and Equagesic. Dr. Wu would later back off from this position however:

:''"Professor Teare was a forensic scientist recommended by Scotland Yard; he was brought in as an expert on cannabis and we can't contradict his testimony. The dosage of cannabis is neither precise nor predictable, but I've never known of anyone dying simply from taking it."''<ref>{{harvnb|Thomas|1994|p=228}}</ref>

The exact details of Lee's death are a subject of controversy.

His wife Linda returned to her home town of Seattle, and had him buried at lot 276 of [[Lake View Cemetery (Seattle)|Lakeview Cemetery]]. Pallbearers at his funeral on 31 July 1973, included [[Steve McQueen (actor)|Steve McQueen]], [[James Coburn]], [[Chuck Norris]], [[George Lazenby]], [[Dan Inosanto]], [[Taky Kimura]], [[Peter Chin]], and his brother, Robert Lee.

His iconic status and young and unusual death fed many theories about his death, including murder involving the [[Triad society]]<ref>{{harvnb|Bishop|2004|p=157}}</ref> and a supposed [[curse]] on him and his family.

The curse theory was extended to his son [[Brandon Lee]], also an actor, who died, 20 years after his father, in a bizarre accident while filming ''[[The Crow (film)|The Crow]]'' at the age of 28. It was released after his death and gained cult status, as his father's last film had been, and did. (''The Crow'' was completed with the use of [[computer-generated imagery]] and a stunt double in the few but critical scenes that remained to be filmed.) Brandon Lee was buried beside his father.

==Media==
===Biographical films===
In 1993 a biopic of Lee's life titled ''[[Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story]]'' was released in which Lee was portrayed by [[Jason Scott Lee]] (no relation).

In April, 2007, Chinese state media announced that its national broadcaster had started filming a 40-part TV series on Lee titled ''[[The Legend of Bruce Lee]]'' to promote Chinese culture for the 2008 [[Beijing Summer Olympics]].<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/08/22/arts/AS-A-E-MOV-Hong-Kong-Bruce-Lee-Movie.php|title=Report: Hong Kong director plans Bruce Lee biopic|work=[[International Herald Tribune]]|date=2007-08-22}}</ref> Lee will be portrayed by [[Chan Kwok Kuen]] in the series.

On 22 August 2007, [[Fruit Chan]] announced that he will make a film on Bruce Lee's early years, in Chinese, entitled ''Kowloon City'', produced by [[John Woo]]'s producer [[Terence Chang]], and set in 1950s Hong Kong.

[[Stanley Kwan]] stated that he was talking with Lee's family to make a biographical film on Lee. Kwan says that his film will look at how Bruce Lee was affected by the absence of his father and how he brought up his own son, [[Brandon Lee]].<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2008-05-30|url=http://www.filmstalker.co.uk/archives/2007/05/stanley_kwan_talks_bruce_lee_f.html|title=Stanley Kwan talks Bruce Lee film|publisher=Film Stalker}}</ref>

On 7 October 2008, China state TV announced that it will air a 50-part biography of Bruce Lee titled 'The Legend of Bruce Lee'.<ref>[http://www.khou.com/news/entertainment/stories/khou081007_rm_bruce_lee_biography_.ec5c1f4b.html China state TV to air 50-part Bruce Lee biography] khou.com, 7 October 2008</ref>

===Books authored===
* ''[[Chinese Gung-Fu: The Philosophical Art of Self Defense]]'' (Bruce Lee's first book)
* ''[[The Tao of Jeet Kune Do]]'' (Published posthumously)

===Books about Bruce Lee or JKD or both===
* ''[[Bruce Lee: The Man Only I Knew]]'' - written by his widow Linda Lee Cadwell. This book served as the basis for the movie about his life, ''[[Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story]]''.
* ''Bruce Lee: Words of the Dragon : Interviews 1958-1973'' - written by John Little
* ''Bruce Lee: The Art of Expressing the Human Body'' - written by John Little
* ''The Dragon and the Tiger: The Birth of Bruce Lee's Jeet Kune Do, the Oakland Years.'' by Sid Campbell
* ''Bruce Lee Between Wing Chun and JKD'' - written by Jesse Glover
* ''Bruce Lee: Dynamic Becoming'' - a book about Bruce Lee's philosophy
* ''Bruce Lee: Fighting Spirit'' - a biography by Bruce Thomas
* ''Striking Thoughts'' - thoughts and quotes of Bruce Lee
* ''[[The Tao of Jeet Kune Do]]'' - a book assembled posthumously that expresses Bruce Lee's notes on martial arts and philosophy.
* "On the Warrior's Path" by Daniele Bolelli (2003). The longest chapter of this book about martial arts philosophy is on Bruce Lee's philosophical legacy.
* ''Unsettled Matters: The Life & Death of Bruce Lee'' - written by Tom Bleecker.

===Bruce Lee documentaries===
* ''The Intercepting Fist'' (2001)
* ''The Unbeatable Bruce Lee'' (2001)
* ''[[Bruce Lee: A Warrior's Journey]]'' (2000)
* ''Bruce Lee: The Path of the Dragon'' (1998)
* ''The Immortal Dragon'' (A&E) (1996)
* ''Curse of the Dragon'' (1993)
* ''Death by Misadventure'' (1993)
* ''Martial Arts Master'' (1993)
* ''Bruce Lee, the Legend'' (1977)
* ''Bruce Lee: The Man and the Legend'' aka ''Life and Legend of Bruce Lee'' (1973)

===Selected filmography===
''For a complete list of Bruce Lee's filmography see'' {{main|Bruce Lee filmography}}
* ''[[The Big Boss]]'' (1971) (US title:''Fists of Fury'')
* ''[[Fist of Fury]]'' (1972) (US title:''The Chinese Connection)
* ''[[Way of the Dragon]]'' (1972) (US titles:''Return of the Dragon'', ''Revenge of the Dragon'')
* ''[[Enter the Dragon]]'' (1973)
* ''[[Game of Death]]'' (1978)

===Television appearances===
* ''[[The Green Hornet]]'' (26 episodes, 1966–1967) .... Kato
* ''[[Batman (TV series)|Batman]]'' (Episodes: "Spell of Tut" 26 September 1966, "A Piece of the Action" 1 March 1966, "Batman's Satisfaction" 2 March 1966) .... Kato
* ''[[Ironside (TV series)|Ironside]]'' (Episode: "Tagged for Murder" 26 October 1967) .... Leon Soo
* ''[[Blondie (1968 TV series)|Blondie]]'' (Episode: "Pick on Someone Your Own Size", 1968)
* ''[[Here Come the Brides]]'' (Episode: "Marriage Chinese Style" 9 April 1969) .... Lin
* ''[[Longstreet (TV series)|Longstreet]]'' (4 episodes, 1971) .... Li Tsung
* ''[[The Pierre Berton Show (TV series)|The Pierre Berton Show]]'' (1971) .... Himself

===Other media===
* ''[[Bruce Lee (video game)|Bruce Lee]]''&nbsp;– a [[video game]] published by [[Datasoft Inc]] under license in 1984.
* ''[[Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story (video game)|Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story]]'' - a [[video game]] published by [[Acclaim Entertainment]] in 1993.
* ''[[Bruce Lee: Quest of the Dragon]]'' - a [[video game]] published by [[Universal Interactive Inc.]] in 2002.
* ''[[Be Like Water]]'' - a play by [[Dan Kwong]], produced at [[East West Players]] in 2008, featuring the character, Ghost of Bruce Lee.

==See also==
* [[Statue of Bruce Lee in Mostar]]
* [[Bruce Lee statue in Hong Kong]]
* [[Bruceploitation]]
* [[Bruce Lee Library]]
* [[John Little (writer)|John Little]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}

==References==
* {{citation|first=James|last=Bishop|title=Bruce Lee: Dynamic Becoming|year=2004|publisher=Promethean Press|location=[[Dallas]]|isbn=0-9734054-0-6}}.
* {{citation|title=The Bruce Lee Story|first=Linda|last=Lee|coauthors=Bleecker, Tom|publisher=Ohara Publications|location=United States|year=1989}}.
* {{citation|first=John|last=Little|title=Bruce Lee: Artist of Life|publisher=[[Tuttle Publishing]]|year=2001}}.
* {{citation | last = Little | first = John | title = Bruce Lee: The Art of Expressing the Human Body | publisher = [[Tuttle Publishing]] |year=1998}}.
* {{citation|first=John|last=Little|title=Words of the Dragon : Interviews 1958–1973 (Bruce Lee)|year=1997}}.
* {{citation|first=Bruce|last=Thomas|title=Bruce Lee: Fighting Spirit : a Biography|publisher=Frog, Ltd.|year=1994|location=[[Berkeley, California]]}}.
* {{citation|first=Jack|last=Vaughn|title=The Legendary Bruce Lee|publisher=Ohara|year=1986}}.


==External links==
==External links==
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{{commons}}
{{wikiquote}}
{{wikiquote}}
* [http://www.ChuckNorris.com/ Official web site]
* {{imdb name|id=0000045|name=Bruce Lee}}
* {{imdb name|id=0001569|name=Chuck Norris}}
* [http://www.bruceleefoundation.com/ Bruce Lee Foundation]
* [http://www.jkd.gr/brucelee.html Sijo Bruce Lee]
* [http://www.ChunKukDo.com/ Official Chun Kuk Do Website]
* [http://www.WND.com/news/archives.asp?AUTHOR_ID=274 Archive of Chuck Norris columns at WorldNetDaily]
* [http://www.PerfectPeople.net/celebrity-star/1296/chuck-norris.htm Perfect People Celebrity Site - a few Chuck Norris Videos]
* [http://radio.nationalreview.com/betweenthecovers/post/?q=ZGY2ODI5MjI3NzQxY2YwMGJjMTI1NWJhMTk4ZGFjYzQ= Audio interview with National Review Online]
* [http://www.maxim.com/2007Sdudeliestdudesoftheyear/articles/1/8176.aspx?src=MK3982:MD Chuck is named to Maxim.com's Top Dudeliest Dudes list of 2007]


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{{1966-1968 Batman television series}}


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|DATE OF BIRTH=27 November 1940
|DATE OF BIRTH = March 10, 1940
|PLACE OF BIRTH=[[San Francisco]], United States
|PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Ryan, Oklahoma|Ryan]], [[Oklahoma]], [[United States]]
|DATE OF DEATH=20 July 1973
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[[Category:Honorary United States Marines]]
[[Category:Irish-Americans]]
[[Category:Irish-American writers]]
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[[Category:Bruce Lee]]
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[[Category:Chinese atheists]]
[[Category:People from Jefferson County, Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Chinese American sportspeople]]
[[Category:People from Tarzana, California]]
[[Category:Chinese Jeet Kune Do practitioners]]
[[Category:Americans of Cherokee descent]]
[[Category:Chinese Wing Chun practitioners]]
[[Category:Texas Republicans]]
[[Category:People of mixed Asian-European ethnicity]]
[[Category:United States Air Force airmen]]
[[Category:Hong Kong actors]]
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[[Category:Martial arts school founders]]
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Revision as of 14:06, 16 December 2008

Chuck Norris
Norris receiving the Veteran of the Year award by the U.S. Air Force, 2001
Born
Carlos Ray Norris
Websitehttp://www.chucknorris.com/

Carlos Ray "Chuck" Norris (born March 10, 1940) is an American martial artist, action star and television and film actor who is known for action roles such as Cordell Walker on Walker, Texas Ranger and for his iconically tough image and roundhouse kick. As of recently, he is known for his political endorsement of Mike Huckabee, and rumors of a White House run in 2012.[citation needed]

Biography

Early life

Norris was born in Ryan, Oklahoma, the son of Wilma (née Scarberry) and Ray Norris, who was a mechanic, bus driver, and truck driver.[1] Norris' paternal grandfather (an immigrant) and maternal grandmother were of Irish descent, while his paternal grandmother and maternal grandfather were Cherokee Native Americans.[2] Norris was named after Carlos Berry, his father's minister.[3] He has two younger brothers, Wieland (deceased) and Aaron (a Hollywood producer). When Norris was sixteen, his parents divorced,[4] and he later relocated to Prairie Village, Kansas and then Torrance, California, with his mother and brothers.[2] Norris describes his childhood as downbeat. He was nonathletic, shy, and scholastically mediocre. Other children taunted him about his mixed ethnicity, and Norris daydreamed about beating up his tormentors. Norris mentioned in his autobiography that his father had a very serious problem with drinking and "wasn't there" a lot for him growing up. Norris admitted that he loved his father but did not like him. However, he professed that he only felt pity for the man because "that was just how he was, and he missed so much."

He then joined the United States Air Force as an Air Policeman in 1958 and was sent to Osan Air Base, South Korea. It was in South Korea that Norris acquired the nickname Chuck and began his training in Tang Soo Do (tangsudo), an interest that would lead to black belts in that art and the founding of the Chun Kuk Do ("Universal Way") form. He also created the education associations United Fighting Arts Federation and "KickStart" (formerly "Kick Drugs Out of America"), a middle school and high school–based program intended to give at-risk children a focus point in life through the martial arts. When he returned to the United States, he continued to act as an AP at March Air Force Base California. Norris was discharged in August of 1962. He worked for the Northrop Corporation and opened a chain of karate schools, which Chad McQueen, Steve McQueen's son, attended.[2]

Rise to fame

Chuck Norris in 1976.

Norris's career in tournament karate began on a losing note. He was defeated in his first two tournaments, dropping decisions to Joe Lewis and Allan Steen and three matches at the International Karate Championships to Tony Tulleners. However, by 1967, Norris began to demonstrate his skill and scored victories over the likes of Lewis, Skipper Mullins, Arnold Urquidez, Victor Moore, Ron Marchini, and Steve Sanders. In early 1968, Norris suffered the tenth and last loss of his career, losing an upset decision to Louis Delgado. However, on November 24, 1968, he avenged his defeat to Delgado and in the process won the Professional Middleweight Karate champion (non-contact) title, which he held for six consecutive years.[4] In 1969, he won Karate's triple crown for the most tournament wins of the year, and the fighter of the year award by Black Belt Magazine.

It was also in 1969 that Norris made his acting debut in the Dean Martin movie The Wrecking Crew.

In 1970, his younger brother Weiland was killed in Vietnam. Norris later dedicated his Missing in Action films to his brother's memory. At a martial arts demonstration in Long Beach, Norris met the soon-to-be famous martial artist Bruce Lee. In 1972, he acted as Bruce Lee's nemesis in the movie Way of the Dragon (titled Return of the Dragon in its US distribution), which is widely credited with launching his way into stardom. In Asia, he is still known primarily for this role. In 1974, McQueen encouraged him to begin acting classes at MGM. Chuck Norris retired with a karate record of 183-10-2.

Norris' first starring role was 1977's Breaker! Breaker!, and subsequent films such as The Octagon (1980), An Eye for an Eye (1981), and Lone Wolf McQuade proved his increasing box office bankability. In 1984, Norris starred in Missing in Action, the first of a series of POW rescue fantasies themed around the Vietnam War POW/MIA issue that were produced by Israeli cousins Menahem Golan and Yoram Globus and released under their Cannon Films banner. Contrary to reports, he was never offered the part of the sensei of the Kobra Kai dojo in the movie The Karate Kid. On a February 9, 2006 episode of Adam Carolla's radio show, Norris said that he was never offered the role. Norris noted that he was already playing leading roles by the time The Karate Kid was in production.

Over the next four years, Norris became Cannon's most prominent star, appearing in eight films, including Code of Silence, The Delta Force, and Firewalker, in which he co-starred with Academy Award winner Louis Gossett, Jr.. Many of the aforementioned films were produced by Chuck Norris's brother Aaron, as were several episodes of Walker, Texas Ranger. In 1986, he was involved in the production of the Ruby Spears cartoon Karate Kommandos.

It is occasionally cited that Norris made history in 1997 when he was the first Westerner in the documented history of Tae Kwon Do to be given the rank of 8th Degree Black Belt Grand Master.[5] However, Norris himself appears to have been misled about this as there were at least two other US Black Belts (Charles 'Chuck' Sereff and Edward Sell[6][7]) awarded TKD 8th Dan several years previously. On July 1, 2000, Norris was presented the Golden Lifetime Achievement Award by the World Karate Union Hall of Fame.

On March 28, 2007, Commandant Gen. James T. Conway made Norris an “Honorary Marine” during dinner at the commandant’s residence in Washington, D.C.[8]

Walker, Texas Ranger

File:ChucknorrisWALKofFAME.jpg
At Reception 1990 with Dennis Hansen

By the close of the 1980s, Cannon Films had faded from prominence, and Norris's star appeal seemed to go with it. He reprised his Delta Force role for MGM, which had acquired the Cannon library after the latter's Chapter 11 bankruptcy. Norris went on to make several more largely ignored films before making a transition to television. In 1993, he began shooting the series Walker, Texas Ranger, which lasted eight years on CBS and continued in heavy syndication on other channels, notably the Hallmark Channel.

On October 17, 2005, CBS premiered the Sunday night "Movie of the Week" Walker, Texas Ranger: Trial by Fire. The production was a continuation of the series, and not scripted to be a reunion movie. Norris reprised his role as Cordell Walker for the movie. He has stated that future Walker, Texas Ranger "Movie of the Week" projects are expected; however, this was severely impaired by CBS's 2006–2007 season decision to no longer regularly schedule MOWs on Sunday night.

Personal life

Norris married Diane Holechek in 1958. In 1963, his first child with Holechek, a son named Mike, was born. His daughter, Dina, was born in 1964 to a woman that wasn't his wife.[9] Then, he had a second son, Eric, with his wife in 1965. After 30 years of marriage, Norris and Holechek divorced in 1988.

He married again, in November 1998; this time to former model Gena O'Kelley, who was born in 1968, and is 28 years Norris's junior. O'Kelley had two children from a previous marriage. She delivered twins in 2001: Dakota Alan Norris, a boy, and Danilee Kelly Norris, a girl.[10]

On September 22, 2004, Norris told Entertainment Tonight's Mary Hart that his daughter Dina was the result of an extramarital affair. He did not meet her until she was 26, although she learned that he was her father when she was 16. She sent him a letter to his home informing him that she was his daughter. After meeting her, he acknowledged that he knew that she was his upon seeing her.[11]

Norris in 2006

Now an outspoken Christian,[12] Norris is the author of several Christian books, such as The Justice Riders. He has also been in a few TV commercials promoting Bible study and prayer in public schools, in addition to efforts to reduce drug use. In 2006, he began penning a column for the conservative news website WorldNetDaily, sharing his "musings about faith, family, freedom, country, loyalty – maybe even kickboxing." In his columns, he has expressed his belief in Biblical creationism,[13] that those who are troubled should turn to Jesus, and is quoted as saying "true patriots" do not stay clear of discussing religion and politics.[14]

Norris serves on the board of directors of the NCBCPS, an organization promoting the use of the Bible in public schools, and also speaks on behalf of organizations advocating official prayers in public schools.

Norris has received a brownbelt in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu from the Machado family.[15]

Political views

Norris is a Republican, often championing the views of the party. Norris has donated more than $32,000 to Republican candidates and organizations since 1988.[16] On January 26, 2007, Norris filled in for Sean Hannity as a co-host on the popular Fox News Channel debate program Hannity & Colmes alongside Alan Colmes.

Chuck Norris supports gun rights and ownership, and is against public schools condoning homosexuality.[17] He also does not believe in the theory of evolution. Instead, he subscribes to intelligent design.[18][19]

On October 22, 2007, Norris announced his endorsement of Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee for President.[20] Norris said, "I believe the only one who has all of the characteristics to lead America forward into the future is ex-Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee."[21]

On May 10, 2008, Norris was the commencement speaker at the deceased televangelist Jerry Falwell's Liberty University. Norris addressed a graduating class of more than 4,000 students.

After the 2008 presidential election, Norris drafted a letter to President elect Barack Obama, stating that he should uphold the Constitution, protect the rights of the unborn, and not follow the precedent of the past US Presidents. [22]

On November 18, 2008, Norris became one of the first members of the entertainment industry to express support for the California Proposition 8 ban on same-sex marriage, and heavily criticized the gay community for interfering with the democratic process and double standard. [23]

Chun Kuk Do

Main article: Chun Kuk Do
File:400px-ChuckNorrisSTUDIOrules.jpg

Norris created the martial art Chun Kuk Do, which is based primarily on Tang Soo Do and includes elements from every combat style he knows. Like many other martial arts, Chun Kuk Do includes a code of honor and rules to live by. These rules are from Chuck Norris's personal code. They are:

  1. I will develop myself to the maximum of my potential in all ways.
  2. I will forget the mistakes of the past and press on to greater achievements.
  3. I will continually work at developing love, happiness and loyalty in my family.
  4. I will look for the good in all people and make them feel worthwhile.
  5. If I have nothing good to say about a person, I will say nothing.
  6. I will always be as enthusiastic about the success of others as I am about my own.
  7. I will maintain an attitude of open-mindedness.
  8. I will maintain respect for those in authority and demonstrate this respect at all times.
  9. I will always remain loyal to God, my country, family and my friends.
  10. I will remain highly goal-oriented throughout my life because that positive attitude helps my family, my country and myself.

Fight record

His record, based on tournament matches, is estimated to be 183-10-2, though some sources list it as 65-5. Norris won an estimated 30 or more tournaments, beating an average of five opponents per tournament. At the New York tournaments, he defeated 12-13 opponents per tournament.

  • 1963: 15th Airforce Judo Tournament, Fairchild Airforce Base, Spokane, Washington, March 22-23, fought as Carlos Norris: Result unknown.
  • 1964: Defeated unknown opponent in Salt Lake City Tournament (debut).
  • 1964: Defeated unknown opponent in semi-finals in Salt Lake City Tournament.
  • 1964: Defeated by unknown opponent in finals in Salt Lake City Tournament.
  • 1964: Defeated Ron Marchini in the finals at the Tak Kubota's All-Stars Tournament in Los Angeles, California by half a point.
  • 1965: Defeated by Tony Tulleners at Takayuki Kubota's All-Stars Tournament in Los Angeles, California.
  • 1965: Defeated by Tony Tulleners
  • 1965: Defeated by Tony Tulleners
  • 1965: Defeated by Joe Lewis.
  • 1965: Defeated Ron Marchini for the Grand Championship of the Winter Nationals in San Jose, California.
  • 1966: Defeated by Allen Steen at the Long Beach Tournament promoted by Ed Parker.
  • 1966: Won the National Winter Karate Championships in San Jose, California promoted by Jim Mather.
  • 1966: Defeated Skipper Mullins.
  • 1966: Defeated Joe Lewis in finals of the Tournament of Champions in New York City.
  • 1966: Won the All-Star Championship Tournament in Los Angeles, California.
  • 1966: Defeated Skipper Mullins.
  • 1967: Won American Tang Soo Do Championship in Stockton, California.
  • 1967: Defeated 11 opponents in elimination matches at the All-American Karate Championships in Madision Square Garden in New York City.
  • 1967: Defeated Hiroshi Nakamura (Japan) in semi-finals of the All-American Karate Championships in New York by points 12-1.
  • 1967: Defeated Joe Lewis for the Grand Championship at the All-American Karate Championships in New York.
  • 1967: Won the World Karate Middleweight Title in Long Beach, California
  • 1967: Defeated Skipper Mullins(?/?).
  • 1967: Defeated 11 opponents in elimination matches at the Grand Champion Internationals on August 12, 1967.
  • 1967: Defeated Carlos Bundo at the Grand Champion Internationals on August 12, 1967.
  • 1967: Defeated Joe Lewis by one point at the Grand Champion Internationals on August 12, 1967.
  • 1967: Won All American Karate Championships promoted by Henry Cho.
  • 1967: Won National Tang So Do Tournament in Silver Spring, Maryland.
  • 1967: Defeated by Marcos Solar at Kini K. Wang Tournament.
  • 1967: Defeated Skipper Mullins(?/?).
  • 1967: Defeated Skipper Mullins(??).
  • 1967: Defeated Joe Lewis(?/?).
  • 1967: Defeated Arnold Urquidez.
  • 1967: Defeated Victor Moore(?/?).
  • 1967: Defeated Steve Sanders(?/?).
  • 1967: Won All American Karate Championships.
  • 1968: Defeated Fred Wren in Dallas Tournament. (Norris' nose was broken)
  • 1968: Defeated Skipper Mullins in semi finals in Dallas Tournament.(Norris fought with a broken nose).
  • 1968: Defeated by Joe Lewis in finals of Dallas Tournament promoted by Allen Steen. (Norris fought with a broken nose).
  • 1968: Defeated by Jim Butin in the opening match of a tournament in Silver Springs, Maryland.
  • 1968: Defeated Skipper Mullins in Long Beach, California.
  • 1968: Won the Internationals(Dallas, Texas).
  • 1968: Defeated Louis Delgado.
  • 1968: Defeated by Louis Delgado in West Coast vs, East Coast.
  • 1968: Defeated Theodore Wong in Orient vs. US in New York.
  • 1968: Defeated Louis Delgado on November 24th on points: 101 to 93 to win the World Professional Middleweight Title at the Waldorf Astoria in New York. (Norris suffered a broken jaw)
  • 1968: Draw with George Chalian, on Governor's Island, in New York.
  • 1968: Won All-American Karate Championships in New York defeating 13 opponents.
  • 1968: Won the National Tournament of Champions in Cleveland, Ohio.
  • 1969: Won The Internationals.
  • 1970: Won All Star Teams Championship in Long Beach, California.
  • 19??: Won North American Karate Championships in New York, New York defeating 12 opponents.
  • 1970: Defeated unknown opponent on January 17th at the Long Beach Sports Arena for the US Team Championship. Norris announced his retirement following the match.
  • 1972: Draw with Willie Adams-U.S. Teams Championship.
  • 1972: Defeated Kenneth Glover at tournament in Bethesda, MD.
  • 1972: Defeated by Jami Bailey at UC Tournament in Lynchburg, VA.

Chuck Norris Facts

Main article: Chuck Norris Facts

In late 2005, Norris became the object of an internet phenomenon known as "Chuck Norris Facts", which document fictional, often absurdly heroic feats and characteristics about Norris himself. The phenomenon originally started with the "Vin Diesel Fact Generator", and Chuck Norris Facts were created as a by-product, often using the same facts featured in the Vin Diesel Fact Generator. In time, Chuck Norris Facts became popular, even more so than the original Vin Diesel Fact Generator. Norris has written his own response to the parody on his website, stating that he does not feel offended by them, and finds some of them funny.[24]

On November 29, 2007, Gotham Books, the adult division of Penguin USA, released a book entitled The Truth About Chuck Norris: 400 facts about the World's Greatest Human based on the Chuck Norris Facts.[25] Norris subsequently filed suit in December against Penguin USA claiming "trademark infringement, unjust enrichment and privacy rights."[26]

Trivia

In 2004, Late Night with Conan O'Brien began a recurring sketch in which O'Brien would pull a Walker, Texas Ranger Lever next to his desk, which would cause a brief, out-of-context clip from Walker, Texas Ranger to play. This became one of the more popular segments on O'Brien's show and led to a guest appearance by Norris himself, who pulled his own "Conan O'Brien Lever" to play a clip of Norris beating up O'Brien. This segment has been credited as jump-starting the Norris craze and leading to enough interest to produce a Walker, Texas Ranger TV movie.

He is also referenced in a parody song "The Ultimate Showdown of Ultimate Destiny" which has gained some small popularity on the internet, and reflects the general sentiment of the Chuck Norris jokes and parody.[27]

Norris rode out in a convertible on The Price is Right $1,000,000 Spectacular in 2003 to wish Bob Barker a happy 80th birthday. He also helped a contestant win the convertible playing the Lucky $even game. Norris had instructed Bob Barker in karate for years.

During the March 10, 2006, show of ESPN's Pardon the Interruption, numerous references were made to Norris on his birthday, including all of the cut-out heads on the set, which are usually of current sports stars, being replaced with Chuck Norris heads. Also, several humorous comments in reference to Norris were made by co-host Tony Kornheiser in a similar tone to that featured on the Chuck Norris Facts website.

Norris served as a guest referee at the World Wrestling Federation's Survivor Series 1994 for the casket match between The Undertaker and Yokozuna. A similar match took place at the Royal Rumble 1994, where ten other wrestlers defeated the Undertaker. Norris was called upon to ensure a similar situation didn't take place. As guest referee, he kicked Jeff Jarrett in the stomach.

Norris starred in his own Atari 2600 video game, Chuck Norris Superkicks.[28] as well as his mobile video game Chuck Norris: Bring on the Pain, developed by Gameloft[29]. Norris also appears in Maddox (real name George Ouzounian)'s book: Alphabet of Manliness under the letter N; where he is described as "the greatest American ever to live". In the video game magazine Nintendo Power, Volume 203's Pulse section featured many references to Chuck Norris. He has since become a regular reference, along with Mr. T.

In Crash of the Titans, there is an unlockable move called the Norris Roundhouse.

In 2007, Honda featured Chuck Norris in a commercial for the Honda Ridgeline pickup truck, in which he played himself as a tough man in a high society restaurant, with the tagline "Tough Meets Classy".

On February 14, 2008, it was announced that Chuck Norris is one of three actors being considered for the role of Nigel Forster in an as yet untitled film on the inventor of the television John Logie Baird. This would see Chuck playing to his hard man image as a rival American inventor.

Filmography

Further reading

  • The Secret Power Within: Zen Solutions to Real Problems, Zen Buddhism and martial arts. Little, Brown and Company (1996). ISBN 0-316-58350-2.
  • Against All Odds: My Story, an autobiography. Broadman & Holman Publishers (2004). ISBN 0-8054-3161-6.
  • The Justice Riders, Wild West novels. Broadman & Holman Publishers (2006). ISBN 0-8054-4032-1.
  • Norris, Chuck. Black Belt Patriotism: How to Reawaken America, Regnery Publishing (2008). ISBN 978-1596985582

References

  1. ^ "Chuck Norris Biography (1940-)". Retrieved 2007-12-22.
  2. ^ a b c At Dinner with: Chuck Norris, The New York Times, 12 May 1993
  3. ^ Norris, Chuck (2004). Against All Odds: My Story. Broadman & Holman Publishers. ISBN 0805431616. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ a b Chuck Norris — Strong, Silent, Popular, The New York Times, September 1, 1985
  5. ^ "Questions I am asked most about martial arts". July 9, 2007.
  6. ^ christiantaekwondouniversity.net
  7. ^ "Charles Serell - Taekwon-Do Pioneers". Retrieved 2007-12-22.
  8. ^ Conway makes Chuck Norris honorary Marine - Marine Corps News, news from Iraq - Marine Corps Times
  9. ^ Daily Herald - Chuck Norris authors online anti-abortion tract
  10. ^ Gena Norris Trivia - Gena Norris Facts - Gena Norris Notes
  11. ^ Mary Hart (2004-09-22). "At Home and Up-Close with Chuck Norris". etonline.com. Archived from the original on 2006-11-23.
  12. ^ See External Links Drew Marshall Interview
  13. ^ "WorldNetDaily: On Chuck Norris 'mania' sweeping the net". 2006. Retrieved 2006-12-09.
  14. ^ "WorldNetDaily: America's Code of Silence". 2006. Retrieved 2006-12-09.
  15. ^ "[1]", BJJ Instructors and Students, URL Last accessed June 4, 2005.
  16. ^ "Newsmeat: Chuck Norris's Federal Campaign Contribution Report". 2006. Retrieved 2006-12-09.
  17. ^ Guns, God and gays
  18. ^ On Chuck Norris 'mania' sweeping the Net
  19. ^ Chuck Norris :: Townhall.com :: Win Ben Stein's Monkey
  20. ^ Home - Mike Huckabee
  21. ^ Chuck Norris (2007-10-21). "My choice for president". WorldNetDaily.
  22. ^ Chuck Norris (2008-11-10). "Obama, now that you work for me..." World Net Daily.
  23. ^ Chuck Norris (2008-11-18). "If Democracy Doesn't Work, Try Anarchy". Townhall.
  24. ^ events
  25. ^ Ian Spector. The Truth About Chuck Norris: 400 Facts About the World's Greatest Human. Gotham. ISBN 978-1592403448. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |origdate= ignored (|orig-date= suggested) (help)
  26. ^ Kearney, Christine (2007-12-21). "Chuck Norris sues, says his tears no cancer cure". Reuters. Retrieved 2007-12-23.
  27. ^ "The Ultimate Showdown of Ultimate Destiny Lyrics". Retrieved 2007-11-03.
  28. ^ "Atari 2600 - Chuck Norris Superkicks". atariage.com. Retrieved 2007-12-22.
  29. ^ Chuck Norris: Bring on the Pain IGN.com, Retrieved October 10, 2008.
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