Premier League

Premier League
Founded	20 February 1992; 32 years ago
Country	England
Confederation	UEFA
Number of teams	20 (since 1995–96)
Level on pyramid	1
Relegation to	EFL Championship
Domestic cup(s)	FA Cup; FA Community Shield;
League cup(s)	EFL Cup
International cup(s)	UEFA Champions League; UEFA Europa League; UEFA Conference League;
Current champions	Manchester City (8th title) ; (2023–24)
Most championships	Manchester United (13 titles)
Most appearances	Gareth Barry (653)
Top goalscorer	Alan Shearer (260)
TV partners	Sky Sports; TNT Sports / Discovery+; Amazon Prime Video; (live matches); BBC Sport; (highlights); International:; Broadcasters;
Website	premierleague.com
	Current: 2024–25 Premier League

The Premier League is a professional association football league in England and highest level of the English football league system. Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the English Football League (EFL). Seasons usually run from August to May, with each team playing 38 matches: two against each other team, one home and one away.^[1] Most games are played on weekend afternoons, with occasional weekday evening fixtures.^[2]

The competition was founded as the FA Premier League on 20 February 1992, following the decision of First Division (the top-tier league from 1888 until 1992) clubs to break away from the English Football League. However, teams may still be relegated to and promoted from the EFL Championship. The Premier League is a corporation managed by a chief executive, with member clubs acting as shareholders.^[3] The Premier League takes advantage of a £5 billion television rights deal, with Sky and BT Group securing the domestic rights to broadcast 128 and 32 games, respectively.^[4]^[5] This deal will rise to £6.7 billion for the four seasons from 2025 to 2029.^[6] The league is projected to earn $7.2 billion in overseas TV rights from 2022 to 2025.^[7] Clubs were apportioned central payment revenues of £2.4 billion in 2016–17, with a further £343 million in solidarity payments to EFL clubs.^[8]

The Premier League is the most-watched sports league in the world, broadcast in 212 territories to 643 million homes, with a potential TV audience of 4.7 billion people.^[9]^[10] For the 2023–24 season, the average Premier League match attendance was 38,375,^[11] second to the German Bundesliga's 39,512,^[12] whilst aggregated attendance across all matches was the highest of any association football league at 14,508,981,^[13] and most stadium occupancies are near capacity.^[14] As of 2023^[update], the Premier League is ranked first in the UEFA coefficient rankings based on performances in European competitions over the past five seasons, ahead of Spain's La Liga.^[15] The English top-flight has produced the second-highest number of European Cup / UEFA Champions League titles, with a record six English clubs having won fifteen European championships in total.^[16]

Fifty-one clubs have competed in the Premier League since its inception in 1992: 49 from England and two from Wales. Seven of them have won the title: Manchester United (13), Manchester City (8), Chelsea (5), Arsenal (3), Blackburn Rovers (1), Leicester City (1), and Liverpool (1).^[17] Manchester City hold the distinction of having won the most successive titles, with four. Only six clubs have played in every season to date: Arsenal, Chelsea, Everton, Liverpool, Manchester United, and Tottenham Hotspur.^[18]

History

Origins

Despite significant European success in the 1970s and early 1980s, the late 1980s marked a low point for English football. Stadiums were deteriorating, supporters endured poor facilities, hooliganism was rife, and English clubs had been banned from European competition for five years following the Heysel Stadium disaster between the fans of Liverpool Football Club and the fans of Juventus in 1985.^[19] The Football League First Division, the top level of English football since 1888, was behind leagues such as Italy's Serie A and Spain's La Liga in attendance and revenues, and several top English players had moved abroad.^[20]

By the turn of the 1990s, the downward trend was starting to reverse. At the 1990 FIFA World Cup, England reached the semi-finals; UEFA, European football's governing body, lifted the five-year ban on English clubs playing in European competitions in 1990, resulting in Manchester United lifting the Cup Winners' Cup in 1991. The Taylor Report on stadium safety standards, which proposed expensive upgrades to create all-seater stadiums in the aftermath of the Hillsborough disaster; between the fans of Liverpool and the fans of Nottingham Forest at Hillsborough Stadium, Sheffield, Yorkshire on 15 April 1989, was published in January 1990.^[21]

During the 1980s, major English clubs began to transform into business ventures, applying commercial principles to club administration to maximise revenue. Martin Edwards of Manchester United, Irving Scholar of Tottenham Hotspur, and David Dein of Arsenal were among the leaders in this transformation.^[22] The commercial imperative led to the top clubs seeking to increase their power and revenue: the clubs in Division One threatened to break away from the Football League, and in doing so, they managed to increase their voting power and gain a more favourable financial arrangement, taking a 50% share of all television and sponsorship income in 1986.^[22] They demanded that television companies should pay more for their coverage of football matches,^[23] and revenue from television grew in importance. The Football League received £6.3 million for a two-year agreement in 1986, but by 1988, in a deal agreed with ITV, the price rose to £44 million over four years, with the leading clubs taking 75% of the cash.^[24]^[25] According to Scholar, who was involved in the negotiations of television deals, each of the First Division clubs received only around £25,000 per year from television rights before 1986, this increased to around £50,000 in the 1986 negotiation, then to £600,000 in 1988.^[26] The 1988 negotiations were conducted under the threat of ten clubs leaving to form a "super league", but they were eventually persuaded to stay, with the top clubs taking the lion's share of the deal.^[24]^[27]^[28] The negotiations also convinced the bigger clubs that, in order to receive enough votes, they needed to take the whole of the First Division with them instead of a smaller "super league".^[29] By the beginning of the 1990s, the big clubs again considered breaking away, especially now that they had to fund the cost of stadium upgrades as proposed by the Taylor Report.^[30]

In 1990, the managing director of London Weekend Television (LWT), Greg Dyke, met with the representatives of the "big five" football clubs in England (Manchester United, Liverpool, Tottenham Hotspur, Everton, and Arsenal) over a dinner.^[31] The meeting was to pave the way for a breakaway from The Football League.^[32] Dyke believed that it would be more lucrative for LWT if only the larger clubs in the country were featured on national television and wanted to establish whether the clubs would be interested in a larger share of television rights money.^[33] The five clubs agreed with the suggestion and decided to press ahead with it; however, the league would have no credibility without the backing of The Football Association, and so David Dein of Arsenal held talks to see whether the FA were receptive to the idea. The FA did not have an amicable relationship with the Football League at the time and considered it a way to weaken the Football League's position.^[34] The FA released a report in June 1991, Blueprint for the Future of Football, that supported the plan for the Premier League, with the FA as the ultimate authority that would oversee the breakaway league.^[29]

Founding and Manchester United dominance (1990s)

1990s, foundations and early Manchester United dominance
Season	Champions	Runners-up
1992–93	Manchester United	Aston Villa
1993–94	Manchester United	Blackburn Rovers
1994–95	Blackburn Rovers	Manchester United
1995–96	Manchester United	Newcastle United
1996–97	Manchester United	Newcastle United
1997–98	Arsenal	Manchester United
1998–99	Manchester United	Arsenal
Double winners Treble winners

At the close of the 1990–1991 season, a proposal was tabled for the establishment of a new league that would bring more money into the game overall. The Founder Members Agreement, signed on 17 July 1991, by the game's top-flight clubs, established the basic principles for setting up the FA Premier League.^[35] The newly formed top division was to have commercial independence from the Football Association and the Football League, giving the FA Premier League licence to negotiate its own broadcast and sponsorship agreements. The argument given at the time was that the extra income would allow English clubs to compete with teams across Europe.^[20] Although Dyke played a significant role in the creation of the Premier League, he and ITV (of which LWT was part) lost out in the bidding for broadcast rights: BSkyB won with a bid of £304 million over five years, with the BBC awarded the highlights package broadcast on Match of the Day.^[31]^[33]

Luton Town, Notts County, and West Ham United were the three teams relegated from the old First Division at the end of the 1991–92 season, and did not take part in the inaugural Premier League season. They were replaced by Ipswich Town, Middlesbrough, and Blackburn Rovers, promoted from the old Second Division.^[36] The 22 First Division clubs resigned en masse from the Football League in 1992, and on 27 May that year, the FA Premier League was formed as a limited company, working out of an office at the Football Association's then headquarters in Lancaster Gate.^[20] The 22 inaugural members of the new Premier League were:^[37]

This meant a break-up of the 104-year-old Football League that had operated until then with four divisions; the Premier League would operate with a single division and the Football League with three. There was no change in competition format; the same number of teams competed in the top flight, and promotion and relegation between the Premier League and the new First Division remained the same as the old First and Second Divisions, with three teams relegated from the league and three promoted.^[28]

The league held its first season in 1992–93. It was composed of 22 clubs for that season (reduced to 20 in the 1995–96 season). The first Premier League goal was scored by Brian Deane of Sheffield United in a 2–1 win against Manchester United.^[38]

Manchester United won the inaugural edition of the new league, ending a twenty-six year wait to be crowned champions of England. Bolstered by this breakthrough, United immediately became the competition's dominant team, winning seven of the first nine trophies, two League and FA Cup 'doubles' and a European treble, initially under a team of hardened veterans such as Bryan Robson, Steve Bruce, Paul Ince, Mark Hughes, and Eric Cantona, before Cantona, Bruce, and Roy Keane led a young, dynamic new team filled with the Class of 92, a group of young players including David Beckham who came through the Manchester United Academy.

Between 1993 and 1997, Blackburn Rovers and Newcastle United came close to challenging Manchester United's early dominance; Blackburn won the 1994–95 FA Premier League and Newcastle led the title charge over United for much of the 1995–96 season. As the decade closed, Arsenal replicated Manchester United's dominance by winning the League and FA Cup double in 1997–98, and together they would form a duopoly over the league between 1997 and 2003.

Emergence of the "Big Four" (2000s)

Results of the 'Big Four' during the 2000s
Season	ARS	CHE	LIV	MUN
1999–2000	2	5	4	1
2000–01	2	6	3	1
2001–02	1	6	2	3
2002–03	2	4	5	1
2003–04	1	2	4	3
2004–05	2	1	5	3
2005–06	4	1	3	2
2006–07	4	2	3	1
2007–08	3	2	4	1
2008–09	4	3	2	1
Top four	10	7	8	10
out of 10
League champions Champions League group stage Champions League third qualifying / play-off round Champions League first qualifying round UEFA Cup / Europa League

The 2000s saw the rise of Liverpool alongside the "Big 2", followed by Chelsea finally breaking the Arsenal-Man United duopoly by winning the league in 2004–05. The dominance of the so-called "Big Four" clubs – Arsenal, Chelsea, Liverpool, and Manchester United^[39]^[40] – saw them finish at the top of the table for most of the decade, thereby guaranteeing qualification for the UEFA Champions League. Only three other clubs managed to qualify for the competition during this period: Newcastle United (2001–02 and 2002–03), Everton (2004–05), and Tottenham Hotspur (2009–10) – each occupying the final Champions League spot, with the exception of Newcastle in the 2002–03 season, who finished third.

Following the 2003–04 season, Arsenal acquired the nickname "The Invincibles" as they became the first and, to date, only club to complete a Premier League campaign without losing a single game.^[41]^[42]

In May 2008, Kevin Keegan stated that "Big Four" dominance threatened the division: "This league is in danger of becoming one of the most boring but great leagues in the world."^[43] Premier League chief executive Richard Scudamore said in defence: "There are a lot of different tussles that go on in the Premier League depending on whether you're at the top, in the middle, or at the bottom that make it interesting."^[44]

Between 2005 and 2012, there was a Premier League representative in seven of the eight Champions League finals, with only the "Big Four" clubs reaching that stage. Liverpool (2005), Manchester United (2008), and Chelsea (2012) won the competition during this period, with Arsenal (2006), Liverpool (2007), Chelsea (2008), and Manchester United (2009 and 2011) all losing Champions League finals.^[45] Leeds United were the only non-"Big Four" side to reach the semi-finals of the Champions League, in the 2000–01 season. There were three Premier League teams in the Champions League semi-finals in 2006–07, 2007–08, and 2008–09, a feat only ever achieved five times (along with Serie A in 2002–03 and La Liga in 1999–2000).

Additionally, between the 1999–2000 and 2009–10 seasons, four Premier League sides reached the UEFA Cup or Europa League finals, with only Liverpool managing to win the competition in 2001. Arsenal (2000), Middlesbrough (2006), and Fulham (2010) all lost their finals.^[46]

Although the group's dominance was reduced to a degree after this period with the emergence of Manchester City and Tottenham, in terms of all-time Premier League points won, they remain clear by some margin. As of the end of the 2021–22 season – the 30th season of the Premier League – Liverpool, in fourth place in the all-time points table, were over 300 points ahead of the next team, Tottenham Hotspur. They are also the only teams to maintain a winning average of over 50% throughout their entire Premier League tenures.^[47]

Emergence of the "Big Six" (2010s)

Results of the 'Big Six' during the 2010s
Season	ARS	CHE	LIV	MCI	MUN	TOT
2009–10	3	1	7	5	2	4
2010–11	4	2	6	3	1	5
2011–12	3	6	8	1	2	4
2012–13	4	3	7	2	1	5
2013–14	4	3	2	1	7	6
2014–15	3	1	6	2	4	5
2015–16	2	10	8	4	5	3
2016–17	5	1	4	3	6	2
2017–18	6	5	4	1	2	3
2018–19	5	3	2	1	6	4
Top four	7	7	4	9	6	6
Top six	10	9	6	10	9	10
out of 10
League champions Champions League group stage Champions League play-off round Europa League

The years following 2009 marked a shift from the "Big Four" with Tottenham Hotspur and Manchester City breaking into the top four places on a regular basis, turning the "Big Four" into the "Big Six".^[48] In the 2009–10 season, Tottenham finished fourth and became the first new team to finish in the top four since Everton five years prior.^[49] Criticism of the gap between an elite group of "super clubs" and the majority of the Premier League has continued, nevertheless, due to their increasing ability to spend more than the other Premier League clubs.^[50] Manchester City won the title in the 2011–12 season, becoming the first club outside the "Big Four" to win since Blackburn Rovers in the 1994–95 season. That season also saw two of the "Big Four" (Chelsea and Liverpool) finish outside the top four places for the first time since that season.^[48]

With only four UEFA Champions League qualifying places available in the league, greater competition for qualification now exists, albeit from a narrow base of six clubs. In the five seasons following the 2011–12 campaign, Manchester United and Liverpool both found themselves outside of the top four three times, whilst Chelsea finished 10th in the 2015–16 season. Arsenal finished 5th in 2016–17, ending their record run of 20 consecutive top-four finishes.^[51]

In the 2015–16 season, underdogs Leicester City won the Premier League. With 5000/1 odds of winning the league at the beginning of the season, Leicester became the first club outside the "Big Six" to win the Premier League since Blackburn Rovers in the 1994–95 season.^[52]

Off the pitch, the "Big Six" wield significant financial power and influence, with these clubs arguing that they should be entitled to a greater share of revenue due to the greater stature of their clubs globally and the attractive football they aim to play.^[53] Objectors argue that the egalitarian revenue structure in the Premier League helps to maintain a competitive league which is vital for its future success.^[54] The 2016–17 Deloitte Football Money League report showed the financial disparity between the "Big Six" and the rest of the division. All of the "Big Six" had revenues greater than €350 million, with Manchester United having the largest revenue in the league at €676.3 million. Leicester City was the closest club to the "Big Six" in terms of revenue, recording a figure of €271.1 million for that season – helped by participation in the Champions League. The eighth-largest revenue generator, West Ham – who did not play in European competition – had revenues of €213.3 million, less than half of those of the club with the fifth-largest revenue, Liverpool (€424.2 million).^[55] A substantial part of the clubs' revenue by then came from television broadcast deals, with the biggest clubs each taking from around £150 million to nearly £200 million in the 2016–17 season from such deals.^[56] In Deloitte's 2019 report, all the "Big Six" were in the top ten of the world's richest clubs.^[57]

Number of top 6 finishes during 2010s
Club	Top 6 finishes
Manchester City	10
Tottenham Hotspur	10
Arsenal	10
Chelsea	9
Manchester United	9
Liverpool	6
Everton	2
Leicester City	1
Newcastle United	1
Southampton	1
Aston Villa	1

Manchester City dominance (2020s)

Results of the 'Big Six' during the 2020s
Season	ARS	CHE	LIV	MCI	MUN	TOT
2019–20	8	4	1	2	3	6
2020–21	8	4	3	1	2	7
2021–22	5	3	2	1	6	4
2022–23	2	12	5	1	3	8
2023–24	2	6	3	1	8	5
Top four	2	3	4	5	3	1
Top six	3	4	5	5	4	3
out of 5
League champions Champions League Europa League Conference League

From the 2019–20 season, video assistant referees were used in the league.^[58] The 2019–20 season saw Liverpool win their first Premier League trophy, their first top-flight trophy in 30 years.^[59]

Project Big Picture was announced in October 2020 that described a plan to reunite the top Premier League clubs with the English Football League, proposed by leading Premier League clubs Manchester United and Liverpool.^[60] It has been criticised by the Premier League leadership and the UK government's Department for Culture, Media and Sport.^[61]

On 26 April 2021, play was stopped during a match between Leicester City and Crystal Palace to allow players Wesley Fofana and Cheikhou Kouyaté to break Ramadan fast. It is believed to be the first time in Premier League history that a game was paused to allow Muslim players to eat and drink after the sun had set in accordance with the rules of the faith.^[62]

The 2022–23 season was the first to take a six-week break between November and December 2022 to allow for the first winter World Cup,^[63] with a return for the Boxing Day fixtures.^[64] The Premier League players decided to take the knee at selected "significant moments". They assured to "remain resolutely committed to eradicate racial prejudice".^[65] That season was notable for Newcastle United and Brighton & Hove Albion breaking the traditional "Big Six" as they finished fourth and sixth, respectively, whilst "Big Six" teams Tottenham and Chelsea finished eighth and twelfth.^[66]^[67] Meanwhile, 2015–16 champions Leicester City were relegated, becoming the second league-winning club to suffer relegation since 1992, after Blackburn Rovers in the 2011–12 season.^[68]

In the 2023–24 season, Manchester City won the Premier League for the sixth time in seven years to become the first top-flight team to win four consecutive league titles in English football history.^[69] Meanwhile, non-Big Six club Aston Villa finished fourth and qualified for the 2024–25 UEFA Champions League.^[70]

Number of top 6 finishes during 2020s
Club	Top 6 finishes
Liverpool	5
Manchester City	5
Manchester United	4
Chelsea	4
Arsenal	3
Tottenham Hotspur	3
Leicester City	2
Aston Villa	1
Brighton & Hove Albion	1
Newcastle United	1
West Ham United	1

Corporate structure

The Football Association Premier League Ltd (FAPL)^[71]^[72]^[73] is operated as a corporation and is owned by the 20 member clubs. Each club is a shareholder, with one vote each on issues such as rule changes and contracts. The clubs select a chairman, chief executive, and board of directors to oversee the daily operations of the league.^[74] The Football Association is not directly involved in the day-to-day operations of the Premier League, but has veto power as a special shareholder during the election of the chairman and chief executive and when new rules are adopted by the league.^[75]

The current chief executive is Richard Masters, who was appointed in December 2019.^[76] The chair is currently Alison Brittain, who took over the role in early 2023.^[77]

The Premier League sends representatives to UEFA's European Club Association, the number of clubs and the clubs themselves chosen according to UEFA coefficients. For the 2023–24 season, the Premier League has 13 representatives in the Association: Arsenal, Aston Villa, Brighton & Hove Albion, Chelsea, Everton, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United, Newcastle United, Nottingham Forest, Tottenham Hotspur, West Ham United, and Wolverhampton Wanderers.^[78] The European Club Association is responsible for electing three members to UEFA's Club Competitions Committee, which is involved in the operations of UEFA competitions such as the Champions League and UEFA Europa League.^[79]

Office holders
Office	No.	Name	Tenure
Chief Executive	1	Rick Parry	1991–1997
	2	Richard Scudamore	1999–2018
	3	Richard Masters	2019–
Chair	1	Sir John Quinton	1991–1999
	2	Dave Richards	1999–2013
	3	Anthony Fry	2013–2014
	4	Richard Scudamore	2014–2018
	5	Gary Hoffman	2020–2022
	6	Alison Brittain	2023–

Criticism of governance

The Premier League has faced criticism of its governance due to an alleged lack of transparency and accountability.

Following the Premier League's blocking of the attempted takeover of Newcastle United by a PIF-backed consortium through the league's Owners' and Directors' test, many MPs, Newcastle United fans and related parties to the deal denounced the Premier League for its perceived lack of transparency and accountability throughout the process.^[80]^[81]^[82] On 6 July 2021, consortium member Amanda Staveley of PCP Capital Partners said that "fans surely deserve absolute transparency from the regulators across all their processes – to best ensure that they act responsibly. They (the Premier League) are performing a function like that of a government regulator – but without the same systems for accountability."^[82]

On 22 July 2021, Tracey Crouch MP – chair of the fan-led review into the UK's football governance – announced in the review's interim findings that the Premier League had "lost the trust and confidence" of fans. The review also recommended that a new independent regulator be created to oversee matters such as club takeovers.^[83]^[84]

Premier League chief executive Richard Masters had earlier spoken out against the implementation of an independent regulator, saying in May 2021, "I don't think that the independent regulator is the answer to the question. I would defend the Premier League's role as regulator of its clubs over the past 30 years."^[85]

Competition format

[The Premier League] is very tough and is different. If you compare this league to another league, it's like playing another sport.

–Antonio Conte, on the competitiveness of the Premier League.^[86]

In [The Premier League] you never really know what is going to happen, there is very little between the teams.

–Luis Suarez^[87]

Competition

There are 20 clubs in the Premier League. During the course of a season (from August to May) each club plays the others twice (a double round-robin system), once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents, for 38 games. Teams receive three points for a win and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, then goal difference, and then goals scored. If still equal, teams are deemed to occupy the same position. If there is a tie for the championship, for relegation, or for qualification to other competitions, the head-to-head record between the tied teams is taken into consideration (points scored in the matches between the teams, followed by away goals in those matches.) If two teams are still tied, a play-off match at a neutral venue decides rank.^[88]

Promotion and relegation

A system of promotion and relegation exists between the Premier League and the EFL Championship. The three lowest placed teams in the Premier League are relegated to the Championship, and the top two teams from the Championship promoted to the Premier League,^[89] with an additional team promoted after a series of play-offs involving the third, fourth, fifth and sixth placed clubs.^[90] The number of clubs was reduced from 22 to 20 in 1995, when four teams were relegated from the league and only two teams promoted.^[91]^[92] The top flight had only been expanded to 22 teams at the start of the 1991–92 season – the year prior to the formation of the Premier League.^[92]

On 8 June 2006, FIFA requested that all major European leagues, including Italy's Serie A and Spain's La Liga, be reduced to 18 teams by the start of the 2007–08 season. The Premier League responded by announcing their intention to resist such a reduction.^[93] Ultimately, the 2007–08 season kicked off again with 20 teams.^[94]

Video Assistant Referee

Video assistant referee (VAR), was introduced to the Premier League at the beginning of the 2019–20 season. It uses technology and officials to assist the referee in making decisions on the pitch.^[95] However, its use has been met with mixed receptions from fans and pundits, with some praising its accuracy whilst others criticise its impact on the flow of the game and consistency of decision-making.

The on-field referee still makes the final decision, but VAR can assist the referee in the decision-making process. VAR can only be used for four types of decisions: goals, penalty decisions, direct red card incidents, and cases of mistaken identity. VAR officials review the video footage and communicate with the on-field referee via a headset. The VAR officials are located in a central control room, which is equipped with multiple camera angles and the ability to replay footage at various speeds.

A study evaluating fan reception of VAR in the Premier League was made by Otto Kolbinger and Melanie Knopp and was done by analysing Twitter data.^[96] The researchers used sentiment analysis to measure the overall positive or negative attitudes towards VAR, as well as topic modelling to identify specific issues that fans are discussing related to VAR. The study found that the reception of VAR on Twitter is largely negative, with fans expressing frustration and criticism of the technology's impact on the flow of the game and the inconsistency of decisions. The researchers also identified specific issues, such as handball and offside decisions, that fans are particularly critical of. The study concludes that VAR has not been well received by fans in the Premier League, and that efforts to improve the technology and increase transparency in decision-making are needed to address these concerns.

Clubs

Fifty-one clubs have played in the Premier League from its inception in 1992, up to and including the 2023–24 season.^[97]

Champions

Club	Winners	Runners-up	Winning seasons
Manchester United	13	7	1992–93, 1993–94, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2010–11, 2012–13
Manchester City	8	3	2011–12, 2013–14, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24
Chelsea	5	4	2004–05, 2005–06, 2009–10, 2014–15, 2016–17
Arsenal	3	8	1997–98, 2001–02, 2003–04
Liverpool	1	5	2019–20
Blackburn Rovers	1	1	1994–95
Leicester City	1	0	2015–16

Titles won by club (%)

Manchester United– 13 (40.6%)

Manchester City - 8 (25.0%)

Chelsea – 5 (15.7%)

Arsenal – 3 (9.4%)

Liverpool - 1 (3.1%)

Blackburn Rovers - 1 (3.1%)

Leicester City - 1 (3.1%)

Italics indicate former Premier League champions that are currently outside the Premier League.

2024–25 season

Twenty clubs are competing in the 2024–25 season – top seventeen from the previous season and three promoted from the Championship.

2024–25 Club	2023–24 Position	First season in top division	First season in Premier League	Seasons in top division	Seasons in Premier League	First season of current spell in top division	No. of seasons of current spell in Premier League	Top division titles	Most recent top division title
Arsenal^{[v 1]}^{[v 2]}	2nd	1904–05	1992–93	108	33	1919–20 (99 seasons^{[v 3]})	33	13	2003–04
Aston Villa^{[v 1]}^{[v 4]}	4th	1888–89	1992–93	111	30	2019–20 (6 seasons)	6	7	1980–81
Bournemouth	12th	2015–16	2015–16	8	8	2022–23 (3 seasons)	3	0	–
Brentford^{[v 2]}	16th	1935–36	2021–22	9	4	2021–22 (4 seasons)	4	0	–
Brighton & Hove Albion^{[v 2]}	11th	1979–80	2017–18	12	8	2017–18 (8 seasons)	8	0	–
Chelsea^{[v 1]}^{[v 2]}	6th	1907–08	1992–93	90	33	1989–90 (36 seasons)	33	6	2016–17
Crystal Palace^{[v 1]}	10th	1969–70	1992–93	25	16	2013–14 (12 seasons)	12	0	–
Everton^{[v 1]}^{[v 2]}^{[v 4]}	15th	1888–89	1992–93	122	33	1954–55 (71 seasons)	33	9	1986–87
Fulham	13th	1949–50	2001–02	30	18	2022–23 (3 seasons)	3	0	–
Ipswich Town^{[v 1]}	2nd (EFL)	1961–62	1992–93	27	6	2024–25 (1 season)	1	1	1961–62
Leicester City	1st (EFL)	1955–56	1994–95	56	18	2024–25 (1 season)	1	1	2015–16
Liverpool^{[v 1]}^{[v 2]}	3rd	1894–95	1992–93	110	33	1962–63 (63 seasons)	33	19	2019–20
Manchester City^{[v 1]}	1st	1899–1900	1992–93	96	28	2002–03 (23 seasons)	23	10	2023–24
Manchester United^{[v 1]}^{[v 2]}	8th	1892–93	1992–93	100	33	1975–76 (50 seasons)	33	20	2012–13
Newcastle United	7th	1898–99	1993–94	93	30	2017–18 (8 seasons)	8	4	1926–27
Nottingham Forest^{[v 1]}	17th	1892–93	1992–93	59	8	2022–23 (3 seasons)	3	1	1977–78
Southampton^{[v 1]}	4th playoffs (EFL)	1966–67	1992–93	47	25	2024–25 (1 season)	1	0	–
Tottenham Hotspur^{[v 1]}^{[v 2]}	5th	1909–10	1992–93	90	33	1978–79 (47 seasons)	33	2	1960–61
West Ham United	9th	1923–24	1993–94	67	29	2012–13 (13 seasons)	13	0	–
Wolverhampton Wanderers^{[v 4]}	14th	1888–89	2003–04	70	11	2018–19 (7 seasons)	7	3	1958–59

Luton Town, Burnley and Sheffield United were relegated to the EFL Championship for the 2024–25 season, whilst Leicester City, Ipswich Town, and Southampton, as winners, runners-up and play-off final winners, respectively, were promoted from the 2023–24 season.
Only two clubs have remained in the Premier League since their first promotion: Brentford and Brighton & Hove Albion, who have been in 4 and 8 season(s) (out of 33), respectively.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Founding member of the Premier League
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Never been relegated from the Premier League
^ Reduced from 106 seasons due to WW2.
^ ^a ^b ^c One of the original twelve Football League teams

London

Aston
Villa

Bournemouth

Brighton &
Hove Albion

Wolverhampton Wanderers

London teams:
Arsenal
Brentford
Chelsea
Crystal Palace
Fulham
Tottenham Hotspur
West Ham United

class=notpageimage|

Locations of the 2024–25 Premier League clubs

Arsenal

Brentford

Chelsea

Crystal Palace

Fulham

Tottenham Hotspur

West Ham United

class=notpageimage|

Location of clubs around Greater London for the 2024–25 Premier League

Non-English clubs

In 2011, after Swansea City gained promotion, a Welsh club participated in the Premier League for the first time.^[98]^[99] The first Premier League match to be played outside England was Swansea City's home match at the Liberty Stadium against Wigan Athletic on 20 August 2011.^[100] The number of Welsh clubs in the Premier League increased to two in 2013–14, as Cardiff City gained promotion,^[101] but they were relegated after their maiden season.^[102] Cardiff were promoted again in 2017–18 but the number of Welsh clubs remained the same for the 2018–19 Premier League season, as Swansea City had been relegated from the Premier League in 2017–18.^[103] Following Cardiff City's relegation after the 2018–19 season, there are currently no Welsh clubs participating in the Premier League.^[104]

Because they are members of the Football Association of Wales (FAW), the question of whether clubs like Swansea should represent England or Wales in European competitions has caused long-running discussions in UEFA. Swansea took one of England's three available places in the Europa League in 2013–14 by winning the League Cup in 2012–13.^[105] The right of Welsh clubs to take up such English places was in doubt until UEFA clarified the matter in March 2012, allowing them to participate.^[106]

Participation in the Premier League by some Scottish or Irish clubs has sometimes been discussed, but without result. The idea came closest to reality in 1998, when Wimbledon received Premier League approval to relocate to Dublin, Ireland, but the move was blocked by the Football Association of Ireland.^[107]^[108]^[109]^[110] Additionally, the media occasionally discusses the idea that Scotland's two biggest teams, Celtic and Rangers, should or will take part in the Premier League, but nothing has come of these discussions.^[111]

International competitions

Qualification for European competitions

Qualification criteria for 2024–25

The top four teams in the Premier League qualify automatically for the subsequent season's UEFA Champions League league phase. The champions of the Champions League and UEFA Europa League may earn an additional qualification for the subsequent season's Champions League league phase if did not finish in the top four. If this means six Premier League teams qualify, then the fourth-placed team in the Premier League is instead entered in the Europa League, as any single nation is limited to a maximum of five teams in the Champions League. However, starting from the 2024–25 UEFA Champions League there are additional berths for the two best associations in the previous season's ranking, which may result in a maximum of six teams from one association in the Champions League.

The fifth-placed team in the Premier League, as well as the winners of the FA Cup, qualify for the subsequent season's Europa League league phase, but if the winner of the FA Cup also finishes in the top five places in the Premier League or has won one of UEFA's major tournaments, then this place reverts to the team that finished sixth. The winner of the EFL Cup qualifies for the subsequent season's UEFA Conference League, but if the winner had already qualified for a UEFA competition via their performance in another competition, then this place reverts to the team that finished sixth in the Premier League, or seventh if the FA Cup result had already caused the sixth-placed team to qualify.^[112]

The number of places allocated to English clubs in UEFA competitions is dependent upon the position the country holds in the UEFA coefficient rankings, which are calculated based on the performance of teams in UEFA competitions over the previous five years. Currently, England is ranked first, ahead of Spain.

As of 26 September 2024, the coefficients for are as follows (only top five European leagues are shown):^[113]^[114]

Ranking			Member association (L: League, C: Cup, LC: League Cup)	Coefficient						Teams^{[x 1]}	Regular places in 2026–27 season^{[x 2]}
2025	2024	Mvmt	Member association (L: League, C: Cup, LC: League Cup)	2020–21	2021–22	2022–23	2023–24	2024–25	Total	Teams^{[x 1]}	CL	EL	CO	Total
1	1	–	England (L, C, LC^{[x 3]})	24.357	21.000	23.000	17.375	4.857	90.589	7/7	4	2	1	7
2	2	–	Italy (L, C)	16.285	15.714	22.357	21.000	4.875	80.231	8/8
3	3	–	Spain (L, C)	19.500	18.428	16.571	16.062	4.571	75.132	7/7
4	4	–	Germany (L, C)	15.214	16.214	17.125	19.357	5.000	72.910	8/8
5	5	–	France (L, C)	7.916	18.416	12.583	16.250	5.214	60.379	6/7

^ Number of teams still active from association in UEFA Champions League, UEFA Europa League or UEFA Conference League.
^ European Performance Spots: The two associations with the highest one-year coefficient in the most recent season are awarded an additional berth in the Champions League league phase.
^ The champion of the league cup of England is given a place in the UEFA Conference League by special permission from UEFA (replacing the lowest-ranked league team which would have qualified).

Previous seasons

An exception to the usual European qualification system happened in 2005, after Liverpool won the Champions League the season before, but did not finish in a Champions League qualification place in the Premier League. UEFA gave special dispensation for Liverpool to enter the Champions League, giving England five qualifiers.^[115] The governing body subsequently ruled that the defending champions qualify for the competition the following year regardless of their domestic league placing. However, for those leagues with four entrants in the Champions League, this meant that if the Champions League winners finished outside the top four in its domestic league, it would qualify at the expense of the fourth-placed team. At that time, no association could have more than four entrants in the Champions League.^[116] This occurred in 2012, when Chelsea – who had won the Champions League that summer, but finished sixth in the league – qualified for the 2012–13 Champions League in place of Tottenham Hotspur, who went into the Europa League.^[117]

From 2015–16, the Europa League champions qualify for the Champions League, increasing the maximum number of participants per country to five.^[118] This took effect in England in 2016–17, when Manchester United finished sixth in the Premier League and won the Europa League, giving England five Champions League entrants for 2017–18.^[119] In these instances, any Europa League berth vacated is not handed down to the next-best Premier League finisher outside of a qualifying place. If both Champions League and Europa League winners are of the same association and both finish outside the top four, then the fourth-placed team is transferred to the Europa League.

Performance in international competition

With 48 continental trophies won, English clubs are the third-most successful in European football, behind Italy (50) and Spain (67). In the top-tier UEFA Champions League, a record six English clubs have won a total of 15 titles and lost a further 11 finals, behind Spanish clubs with 20 and 11, respectively.^[120] In the second-tier UEFA Europa League, English clubs are third, with nine victories and eight losses in the finals.^[121] In the former second-tier UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, English teams won a record eight titles and had a further five finalists.^[122] In the non-UEFA organised Inter-Cities Fairs Cup, English clubs provided four winners and four runners-up, the second-most behind Spain with six and three, respectively.^[123] In the newly created third-tier UEFA Conference League, English clubs have won a joint-record one title so far.^[124] In the former fourth-tier UEFA Intertoto Cup, England won four titles and had a further final appearance, placing it fifth in the rankings, although English clubs were notorious for treating the tournament with disdain, either sending "B" squads or withdrawing from it altogether.^[125]^[126]^[127] In the one-off UEFA Super Cup, England has ten winners and ten runners-up, the second-most behind Spain with 17 and 15, respectively.^[128] Similarly to the Intertoto Cup, English teams did not take the former Intercontinental Cup seriously enough, despite its international status of the Club World Championship. They a made a total of six appearances in the one-off competition, winning only one of them, and withdrew a further three times.^[129] English clubs have won the FIFA-organised Club World Cup four times, tied for the second-most with Brazil, and behind only Spain, with eight.^[130]^[127]

Sponsorship

After an inaugural season with no sponsorship, the Premier League was sponsored by Carling from 1993 until 2001, during which time it was known as the FA Carling Premiership. In 2001, a new sponsorship deal with Barclaycard saw the league rebranded the FA Barclaycard Premiership, which was changed to the FA Barclays Premiership in time for the 2004–05 season.

For the 2007–08 season, the league was rebranded the Barclays Premier League.^[131]^[132]

Period	Sponsor	Brand
1992–1993	No sponsor	FA Premier League
1993–2001	Carling	FA Carling Premiership^[20]
2001–2004	Barclaycard	FA Barclaycard Premiership^[20]
2004–2007	Barclays	FA Barclays Premiership
2007–2016	Barclays	Barclays Premier League^[20]^[133]
2016–present	No sponsor	Premier League

Barclays' deal with the Premier League expired at the end of the 2015–16 season. The organisation announced on 4 June 2015 that it would not pursue any further title sponsorship deals for the Premier League, arguing that they wanted to build a "clean" brand for the competition more in line with those of major U.S. sports leagues.^[134]

Nike "Maxim" ball used in the Premier League in 2012

As well as sponsorship for the league itself, the Premier League has a number of official partners and suppliers.^[135] The official ball supplier for the league is Nike who have had the contract since the 2000–01 season when they took over from Mitre.^[136] Under its Merlin brand, Topps held the licence to produce collectables for the Premier League between 1994 and 2019 including stickers (for their sticker album) and trading cards.^[137] Launched in the 2007–08 season, Topps' Match Attax, the official Premier League trading card game, is the best selling boys collectable in the UK, and is also the biggest selling sports trading card game in the world.^[137]^[138] In October 2018, Panini were awarded the licence to produce collectables from the 2019–20 season.^[139] The chocolate company Cadbury has been the official snack partner of the Premier League since 2017, and sponsored the Golden Boot, Golden Glove and Playmaker of the Season awards from the 2017–18 season to 2019–20 season.^[140]^[141] The Coca-Cola Company (under its Coca-Cola Zero Sugar product line) sponsored these awards during the 2020–21 season with Castrol being the current sponsor as of the 2021–22 season.^[142]

Finances

The Premier League has the highest revenue of any association football league in the world, with total club revenues of €2.48 billion in 2009–10.^[143]^[144] In 2013–14, due to improved television revenues and cost controls, the Premier League clubs collectively made a net profit in excess of £78 million, exceeding all other football leagues.^[145] In 2010 the Premier League was awarded the Queen's Award for Enterprise in the International Trade category for its outstanding contribution to international trade and the value it brings to English football and the United Kingdom's broadcasting industry.^[146]

The Premier League includes some of the richest football clubs in the world. Deloitte's "Football Money League" listed seven Premier League clubs in the top 20 for the 2009–10 season,^[147] and all 20 clubs were in the top 40 globally by the end of the 2013–14 season, largely as a result of increased broadcasting revenue.^[148] In 2019, the league generated around £3.1 billion per year in domestic and international television rights.^[4]

Premier League clubs agreed in principle in December 2012, to radical new cost controls. The two proposals consist of a break-even rule and a cap on the amount clubs can increase their wage bill by each season. With the new television deals on the horizon, momentum has been growing to find ways of preventing the majority of the cash going straight to players and agents.^[149]

Central payments for the 2016–17 season amounted to £2,398,515,773 across the 20 clubs, with each team receiving a flat participation fee of £35,301,989 and additional payments for TV broadcasts (£1,016,690 for general UK rights to match highlights, £1,136,083 for each live UK broadcast of their games and £39,090,596 for all overseas rights), commercial rights (a flat fee of £4,759,404) and a notional measure of "merit" which was based upon final league position.^[8] The merit component was a nominal sum of £1,941,609 multiplied by each finishing place, counted from the foot of the table (e.g., Burnley finished 16th in May 2017, five places counting upwards, and received 5 × £1,941,609 = £9,708,045 merit payment).^[8]

Relegation

Since its split with the Football League, established clubs in the Premier League have a funding disparity from counterparts in lower leagues. Revenue from television rights between the leagues has played a part in this.^[150]

Promoted teams have found it difficult to avoid relegation in their first Premier League season. One Premier League newcomer has been relegated back to the Football League every season, save the 2001–02, 2011–12, 2017–18 & 2022–23 seasons. In the 1997–98 and 2023–24 seasons, all three promoted clubs were relegated by the season's end.^[151]

The Premier League distributes a portion of its television revenue as "parachute payments" to relegated clubs for adjustment to television revenue loss. The average Premier League team receives £41 million^[152] whilst the average Championship club receives £2 million.^[153] Starting with the 2013–14 season, these payments are in excess of £60 million over four seasons.^[154] Critics maintain that the payments widen the gap between teams that have reached the Premier League and those that have not,^[155] leading to the common occurrence of teams "bouncing back" soon after their relegation.

Clubs which have failed to win immediate promotion back to the Premier League have seen financial problems, in some cases administration or liquidation. Further relegations down the footballing ladder have occurred for multiple clubs unable to cope with the gap.^[156]^[157]

Media coverage

United Kingdom and Ireland

Matches broadcast in the United Kingdom and Ireland
Seasons	Sky	Others				Total
1992–2001	60	–				60
2001–2004	110					110
2004–2007	138					138
2007–2009	92	Setanta	46	–		138
2009–2010	92	ESPN	46			138
2010–2013	115	ESPN	23			138
2013–2016	116	TNT^[158]	38			154
2016–2019	126		42			168
2019–2025	128		52	Amazon	20	200

Television has played a major role in the history of the Premier League. The League's decision to assign broadcasting rights to Sky in 1992 was at the time a radical decision, but one that has paid off. At the time, paid television was an almost untested proposition in the UK market as was charging fans to watch live televised football. However, a combination of Sky's strategy, the quality of Premier League football and the public's appetite for the game has seen the value of the Premier League's TV rights soar.^[25]

The Premier League sells its television rights on a collective basis. This is in contrast to some other European leagues, including La Liga, in which each club sells its rights individually, leading to a much higher share of the total income going to the top few clubs.^[159] The money is divided into three parts:^[160] half is divided equally between the clubs; one quarter is awarded on a merit basis based on final league position, the top club getting twenty times as much as the bottom club, and equal steps all the way down the table; the final quarter is paid out as facilities fees for games that are shown on television, with the top clubs generally receiving the largest shares of this. The income from overseas rights is divided equally between the twenty clubs.^[161]

Not all Premier League matches are televised in the United Kingdom, as the league upholds the long-standing prohibition on telecasts of any association football match (domestic or otherwise) that kicks off between 2:45 p.m. and 5:15 p.m. on Saturday matchdays.^[162]^[163]^[164]

The first Sky television rights agreement was worth £304 million over five seasons.^[165] The next contract, negotiated to start from the 1997–98 season, rose to £670 million over four seasons.^[165] The third contract was a £1.024 billion deal with BSkyB for the three seasons from 2001 to 2004. The league brought in £320 million from the sale of its international rights for the three-year period from 2004 to 2007. It sold the rights itself on a territory-by-territory basis.^[166] Sky's monopoly was broken from August 2006 when Setanta Sports was awarded rights to show two out of the six packages of matches available. This occurred following an insistence by the European Commission that exclusive rights should not be sold to one television company. Sky and Setanta paid £1.7 billion, a two-thirds increase which took many commentators by surprise as it had been widely assumed that the value of the rights had levelled off following many years of rapid growth. Setanta also hold rights to a live 3 pm match solely for Irish viewers. The BBC retained the rights to show highlights for the same three seasons (on Match of the Day) for £171.6 million, a 63 per cent increase on the £105 million it paid for the previous three-year period.^[167] Sky and BT agreed to jointly pay £84.3 million for delayed television rights to 242 games (that is the right to broadcast them in full on television and over the internet) in most cases for a period of 50 hours after 10 p.m. on matchday.^[168] Overseas television rights fetched £625 million, nearly double the previous contract.^[169] The total raised from those deals was more than £2.7 billion, giving Premier League clubs an average media income from league games of around £40 million-a-year from 2007 to 2010.^[170]

The TV rights agreement between the Premier League and Sky faced accusations of being a cartel, and a number of court cases arose as a result.^[171] An investigation by the Office of Fair Trading in 2002 found BSkyB to be dominant within the pay TV sports market, but concluded that there were insufficient grounds for the claim that BSkyB had abused its dominant position.^[172] In July 1999 the Premier League's method of selling rights collectively for all member clubs was investigated by the UK Restrictive Practices Court, which concluded that the agreement was not contrary to the public interest.^[173]

The BBC's highlights package on Saturday and Sunday nights, as well as other evenings when fixtures justify, ran until 2016.^[174] Television rights alone for the period 2010 to 2013 were purchased for £1.782 billion.^[175] On 22 June 2009, due to troubles encountered by Setanta Sports after it failed to meet a final deadline over a £30 million payment to the Premier League, ESPN was awarded two packages of UK rights containing 46 matches that were available for the 2009–10 season as well as a package of 23 matches per season from 2010 to 2013.^[176] On 13 June 2012, the Premier League announced that BT had been awarded 38 games a season for the 2013–14, 2014–15 and 2015–16 seasons at £246 million-a-year. The remaining 116 games were retained by Sky, which paid £760 million-a-year. The total domestic rights raised £3.018 billion, an increase of 70.2% over the 2010–11 to 2012–13 rights.^[177] The value of the licensing deal rose by another 70.2% in 2015, when Sky and BT paid £5.136 billion to renew their contracts with the Premier League for another three years up to the 2018–19 season.^[178]

A new rights cycle began in the 2019–20 season, with the domestic package increasing to 200 matches overall; in February 2018, BT were awarded the package of 32 lunchtime fixtures on Saturdays, whilst Sky was awarded four of the seven packages, covering the majority of weekend fixtures (including eight new prime time fixtures on Saturdays), as well as Monday and Friday matches. Two remaining packages of 20 fixtures each were to be sold at a later date, including three rounds of mid-week fixtures and a bank holiday round. As Sky already owned the maximum number of matches it could hold without breaching a 148-match cap, it was speculated that at least one of the new packages could go to a new entrant, such as a streaming service. The five packages sold to BT and Sky were valued at £4.464 billion.^[179] In June 2018, it was announced that Amazon Prime Video and BT had acquired the remaining two packages; Amazon acquired rights to 20 matches per-season, covering a mid-week round in December, and all Boxing Day fixtures.^[180] The Amazon telecasts are produced in association with Sunset + Vine and BT Sport.^[181]

With the resumption of play in the 2019–20 Premier League due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, the Premier League announced that all remaining matches would be carried on British television, split primarily across Sky, BT, and Amazon. A large number of these matches were also scheduled for free-to-air broadcasts, with Sky airing 25 on Pick, Amazon streaming its four matches on Twitch, and the BBC – for the first time in league history – carrying four live matches.^[182]^[183]^[184]^[185]

As matches would continue to be played without spectators upon the start of the 2020–21 Premier League, its clubs voted on 8 September to continue broadcasting all matches through at least September (with the BBC and Amazon each holding one additional match), and "appropriate arrangements" being made for October.^[186]^[187] It was later announced that matches not selected for broadcast would be carried on pay-per-view via BT Sport Box Office and Sky Box Office at a cost of £14.95 per-match. The PPV scheme was poorly received; the Football Supporters' Federation felt that the price was too high, and there were concerns that it could encourage piracy. There were calls from supporters to boycott the pay-per-views, and make donations to support charitable causes instead (with Newcastle's "Charity Not PPV" campaign raising £20,000 for a local food bank, and Arsenal fans raising £34,000 for Islington Giving). On 13 November, amid the reintroduction of measures across the UK, the Premier League officially announced that the non-televised matches would be assigned to its main broadcast partners, and again including additional matches for the BBC and Amazon Prime.^[188]^[189]^[190]^[191]

The next cycle of rights between 2022–23 and 2024–25 season was renewed without tender due to compelling and exceptional circumstances in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, rights remained as they were since the 2019–20 season.^[192] BT Sport was also renamed TNT Sports ahead of the 2023–24 season.^[193]

UK highlights

Highlights programme	Duration	Channel
Match of the Day	1992–2001 2004–present	BBC
The Premiership	2001–2004	ITV

In August 2016, it was announced the BBC would be creating a new magazine-style show for the Premier League entitled The Premier League Show.^[194]

Worldwide

The Premier League is the most-watched football league in the world, broadcast in 212 territories to 643 million homes and a potential TV audience of 4.7 billion people.^[9] The Premier League's production arm, Premier League Productions, is operated by IMG Productions and produces content for its international television partners.^[195]

The Premier League is the most widely distributed sports programme in Asia.^[196] In the Indian subcontinent, the matches are broadcast live on STAR Sports.^[197] In MENA region, BeIN Sports holds exclusive rights to the Premier League.^[198] In China, the broadcast rights were awarded to iQiyi, Migu and CCTV that began in the 2021–22 season.^[199]^[200]^[201] SCTV broadcast the matches for Indonesia, and Astro for Malaysia. In Australia, Optus telecommunications holds exclusive rights to the Premier League, providing live broadcasts and online access (Fox Sports formerly held rights).^[202] As of the 2022–23 season, Canadian media rights to the Premier League are owned by FuboTV,^[203] after having been jointly owned by Sportsnet and TSN, and most recently DAZN.^[204]

The Premier League is broadcast in the United States by NBC Sports, a division of Sky parent Comcast.^[205] Acquiring the rights to the Premier League in 2013 (replacing Fox Soccer and ESPN), NBC Sports has been widely praised for its coverage.^[206]^[207]^[208] NBC Sports reached a six-year extension with the Premier League in 2015 to broadcast the league until the end of the 2021–22 season in a deal valued at $1 billion (£640 million).^[209]^[210] In November 2021, NBC reached another six-year extension through 2028 in a deal valued at $2.76 billion (£2 billion).^[211]^[212]

The Premier League is broadcast by SuperSport across sub-Saharan Africa.^[213] Broadcasters to continental Europe until 2025 include Canal+ for France,^[214] Sky Sport Germany for Germany and Austria,^[215] Match TV for Russia,^[216] Sky Sport Italy for Italy,^[217] Eleven Sports for Portugal,^[218] DAZN for Spain,^[219] beIN Sports Turkey to Turkey,^[220] Digi Sport for Romania,^[221] and NENT to Nordic countries (Sweden, Denmark and Norway),^[222] Poland and the Netherlands.^[223] In South America, ESPN covers much of the continent,^[224] with coverage in Brazil shared between ESPN Brasil and Fox Sports (later rebranded as ESPN4).^[225]^[226] Paramount+ broadcasts the league in Central America.^[227]

Stadiums

As of the 2023–24 season, Premier League football has been played in 61 stadiums since the formation of the division.^[228] The Hillsborough disaster in 1989 and the subsequent Taylor Report saw a recommendation that standing terraces should be abolished. As a result, all stadiums in the Premier League are all-seater.^[229]^[230] Since the formation of the Premier League, football grounds in England have seen constant improvements to capacity and facilities, with some clubs moving to new-build stadiums.^[231] Eleven stadiums that have seen Premier League football have now been demolished. The stadiums for the 2023–24 season show a large disparity in capacity. For example, Old Trafford, the home of Manchester United, has a capacity of 74,031 whilst Dean Court, the home of Bournemouth, has a capacity of 11,307. The combined total capacity of the Premier League in the 2023–24 season is 787,002 with an average capacity of 39,350.

Stadium attendances are a significant source of regular income for Premier League clubs.^[232] For the 2022–23 season, average attendances across the league clubs were 40,235 for Premier League matches with an aggregate attendance of 15,289,340.^[233] This represents an increase of 19,109 from the average attendance of 21,126 recorded in the Premier League's first season (1992–93).^[234] However, during the 1992–93 season, the capacities of most stadiums were reduced as clubs replaced terraces with seats in order to meet the Taylor Report's 1994–95 deadline for all-seater stadiums.^[235]^[236] The 2022–23 season also set a competition record for total attendance with more than 15 million spectators, with average attendance also reaching record levels, surpassing the previous record of 39,989 set in the 2021–22 season, which in turn broke over 70 years old record set in 1948–49 season.^[237]

In October 2024 it was reported that the government is planning to grant the independent regulator authority to stop Premier League clubs from selling their stadiums to affiliated or third-party companies.^[238]

Managers

I have never known this level before. Of course, there are managers in Germany, Italy, and Spain, but in the Premier League, these are the best managers, the elite managers. The quality, the preparation. The level is so high.

Pep Guardiola, on the quality of managers of Premier League teams.^[239]

Managers in the Premier League are involved in the day-to-day running of the team, including the training, team selection and player acquisition. Their influence varies from club-to-club and is related to the ownership of the club and the relationship of the manager with fans.^[240] Managers are required to have a UEFA Pro Licence which is the final coaching qualification available, and follows the completion of the UEFA 'B' and 'A' Licences.^[241] The UEFA Pro Licence is required by every person who wishes to manage a club in the Premier League on a permanent basis (i.e., more than 12 weeks, the amount of time an unqualified caretaker manager is allowed to take control).^[242] Caretaker appointments are managers that fill the gap between a managerial departure and a new appointment. Several caretaker managers have gone on to secure a permanent managerial post after performing well as a caretaker, including Paul Hart at Portsmouth, David Pleat at Tottenham Hotspur and Ole Gunnar Solskjær at Manchester United.

Arsène Wenger is the longest-serving manager, having been in charge of Arsenal in the Premier League from 1996 to his departure at the conclusion of the 2017–18 season, and holds the record for most matches managed in the Premier League with 828, all with Arsenal. He broke the record set by Alex Ferguson, who had managed 810 matches with Manchester United from the Premier League's inception to his retirement at the end of the 2012–13 season. Ferguson was in charge of Manchester United from November 1986 until his retirement at the end of the 2012–13 season, meaning he was manager for the last five years of the old Football League First Division and all of the first 21 seasons of the Premier League.^[243]

Notably, since its creation the Premier League has never been won by an English manager.

There have been several studies into the reasoning behind, and effects of, managerial sackings. Most famously, Sue Bridgewater of the University of Liverpool and Bas ter Weel of the University of Amsterdam, performed two separate studies which helped to explain the statistics behind managerial sackings. Bridgewater's study found clubs generally sack their managers upon dropping below an average of one point per match.^[244]

Current Premier League managers
Manager	Nationality	Club	Appointed	Time as manager
Pep Guardiola	Spain	Manchester City	1 July 2016	8 years, 127 days
Thomas Frank	Denmark	Brentford	16 October 2018	6 years, 20 days
Mikel Arteta	Spain	Arsenal	20 December 2019	4 years, 321 days
Marco Silva	Portugal	Fulham	1 July 2021	3 years, 127 days
Eddie Howe	England	Newcastle United	8 November 2021	2 years, 363 days
Kieran McKenna	Northern Ireland	Ipswich Town	16 December 2021	2 years, 325 days
Unai Emery	Spain	Aston Villa	1 November 2022	2 years, 4 days
Sean Dyche	England	Everton	30 January 2023	1 year, 280 days
Ange Postecoglou	Australia	Tottenham Hotspur	6 June 2023	1 year, 152 days
Andoni Iraola	Spain	Bournemouth	19 June 2023	1 year, 139 days
Russell Martin	Scotland	Southampton	21 June 2023	1 year, 137 days
Gary O'Neil	England	Wolverhampton Wanderers	9 August 2023	1 year, 88 days
Nuno Espírito Santo	Portugal	Nottingham Forest	20 December 2023	321 days
Oliver Glasner	Austria	Crystal Palace	19 February 2024	260 days
Arne Slot	Netherlands	Liverpool	1 June 2024	157 days
Enzo Maresca	Italy	Chelsea	3 June 2024	155 days
Fabian Hürzeler	Germany	Brighton & Hove Albion	15 June 2024	143 days
Steve Cooper	Wales	Leicester City	20 June 2024	138 days
Julen Lopetegui	Spain	West Ham United	1 July 2024	127 days
Ruud van Nistelrooy (interim)	Netherlands	Manchester United	28 October 2024	8 days

Players

Appearances

Most appearances
Rank	Player	Apps
1	Gareth Barry (ENG)	653
2	James Milner (ENG)	637
3	Ryan Giggs (WAL)	632
4	Frank Lampard (ENG)	609
5	David James (ENG)	572
6	Gary Speed (WAL)	535
7	Emile Heskey (ENG)	516
8	Mark Schwarzer (AUS)	514
9	Jamie Carragher (ENG)	508
10	Phil Neville (ENG)	505
As of 17 August 2024^[245] Italicised players still playing professional football. Bolded players still playing in Premier League.

Transfer regulations and foreign players

Player transfers may only take place within transfer windows set by the Football Association. The two transfer windows run from the last day of the season to 31 August and from 31 December to 31 January. Player registrations cannot be exchanged outside these windows except under specific licence from the FA, usually on an emergency basis.^[246] As of the 2010–11 season, the Premier League introduced new rules mandating that each club must register a maximum 25-man squad of players aged over 21, with the squad list only allowed to be changed in transfer windows or in exceptional circumstances.^[247]^[248] This was to enable the "home grown" rule to be enacted, whereby the Premier League would also from 2010 require at least eight members of the named 25-man squad to be "home-grown players".^[247]

At the inception of the Premier League in 1992–93, just 11 players named in the starting line-ups for the first round of matches hailed from outside of the United Kingdom or Ireland.^[249] By 2000–01, the number of foreign players participating in the Premier League was 36% of the total. In the 2004–05 season, the figure had increased to 45%. On 26 December 1999, Chelsea became the first Premier League side to field an entirely foreign starting line-up,^[250] and on 14 February 2005, Arsenal were the first to name a completely foreign 16-man squad for a match.^[251] By 2009, under 40% of the players in the Premier League were English.^[252] By February 2020, 117 different nationalities had played in the Premier League, and 101 nationalities had scored in the competition.^[253]

In 1999, in response to concerns that clubs were increasingly passing over young English players in favour of foreign players, the Home Office tightened its rules for granting work permits to players from countries outside of the European Union.^[254] A non-EU player applying for the permit must have played for his country in at least 75 per cent of its competitive 'A' team matches for which he was available for selection during the previous two years, and his country must have averaged at least 70th place in the official FIFA world rankings over the previous two years. If a player does not meet those criteria, the club wishing to sign him may appeal.^[255]

Following the implementation of Brexit in January 2021, new regulations were introduced which require all foreign players to obtain a Governing Body Endorsement (GBE) in order to play football in the United Kingdom, regardless of EU status.^[256]

Top scorers

As of 3 November 2024^[257]

Rank	Player	Years	Goals	Apps	Ratio
1	Alan Shearer	1992–2006	260	441	0.59
2	Harry Kane	2012–2023	213	320	0.67
3	Wayne Rooney	2002–2018	208	491	0.42
4	Andy Cole	1992–2008	187	414	0.45
5	Sergio Agüero	2011–2021	184	275	0.67
6	Frank Lampard	1995–2015	177	609	0.29
7	Thierry Henry	1999–2007 2012	175	258	0.68
8	Mohamed Salah	2014–2015 2017–	164	273	0.6
9	Robbie Fowler	1993–2007 2008	163	379	0.43
10	Jermain Defoe	2001–2003 2004–2014 2015–2019	162	496	0.33

Italics denotes players still playing professional football,
Bold denotes players still playing in the Premier League.

The Premier League Golden Boot is awarded each season to the top scorer in the division. Former Blackburn Rovers and Newcastle United striker Alan Shearer holds the record for most Premier League goals with 260.^[258] Thirty-three players have reached the 100-goal mark.^[259] Since the first Premier League season in 1992–93, 23 players from 11 clubs have won or shared the top scorer title.^[260] Thierry Henry won his fourth overall scoring title by scoring 27 goals in the 2005–06 season. Erling Haaland holds the record for most goals in a Premier League season (38 matches) with 36 goals as of 15 May 2023.^[261] Ryan Giggs of Manchester United holds the record for scoring goals in consecutive seasons, having scored in the first 21 seasons of the league.^[262] Giggs also holds the record for the most Premier League assists, with 162.^[263]

Wages

There is no team or individual salary cap in the Premier League. As a result of the increasingly lucrative television deals, player wages rose sharply following the formation of the Premier League, when the average player wage was £75,000 per year.^[264] In the 2018–19 season the average annual salary stood at £2.99 million.

The total salary bill for the 20 Premier League clubs in the 2018–19 season was £1.62 billion; this compares to £1.05 billion in La Liga, £0.83 billion in Serie A, £0.72 billion in Bundesliga, and £0.54 billion in Ligue 1. The club with the highest average wage is Manchester United at £6.5 million. This is smaller than the club with the highest wage bill in Spain (Barcelona £10.5 million) and Italy (Juventus £6.7 million), but higher than in Germany (Bayern Munich £6.4 million) and France (Paris Saint-Germain £6.1 million). For the 2018–19 season, the ratio of the wages of the highest-paid team to lowest-paid in the Premier League is 6.82 to 1. This is much lower than in La Liga (19.1 to 1), Serie A (16 to 1), Bundesliga (20.5 to 1), and Ligue 1 (26.6 to 1). Because of the lower differential between team wage bills in the Premier League, it is often regarded as being more competitive than other top European leagues.^[265]

Player transfer fees

The record transfer fee for a Premier League player has risen steadily over the lifetime of the competition. Before the start of the first Premier League season, Alan Shearer became the first British player to command a transfer fee of more than £3 million.^[266] The record has increased steadily and Enzo Fernández is now the most expensive transfer fee paid by a Premier League club at £106.8 million, whilst Philippe Coutinho is the biggest transfer involving a Premier League club at £105 million.

Top transfer fees paid by Premier League clubs
Rank	Player	Fee (£ million)	Year	Transfer		Reference(s)
1	Enzo Fernández (ARG)	£106.8	2023	Benfica	Chelsea	^[267]
2	Moisés Caicedo (ECU)	£100^[a]	2023	Brighton & Hove Albion	Chelsea	^[268]
	Declan Rice (ENG)	£100^[b]	2023	West Ham United	Arsenal	^[269]
	Jack Grealish (ENG)	£100	2021	Aston Villa	Manchester City	^[270]
5	Romelu Lukaku (BEL)	£97.5	2021	Inter Milan	Chelsea	^[271]^[272]
6	Paul Pogba (FRA)	£89	2016	Juventus	Manchester United	^[273]^[274]^[275]
7	Antony (BRA)	£82	2022	Ajax	Manchester United	^[276]
8	Harry Maguire (ENG)	£80	2019	Leicester City	Manchester United	^[277]^[278]
9	Joško Gvardiol (CRO)	£77	2023	RB Leipzig	Manchester City	^[279]
10	Romelu Lukaku (BEL)	£75^[c]	2017	Everton	Manchester United	^[280]

^ Initial £100 million plus a reported £15 million in bonuses
^ Initial £100 million plus a reported £5 million in bonuses
^ Fee was to be paid over time with an initial £75 million, plus another £15 million in additional bonuses.

Top transfer fees received by Premier League clubs
Rank	Player	Fee (£ million)	Year	Transfer		Reference(s)
1	Philippe Coutinho (BRA)	£105^[a]	2018	Liverpool	Barcelona	^[281]
2	Moisés Caicedo (ECU)	£100^[b]	2023	Brighton & Hove Albion	Chelsea	^[268]
	Declan Rice (ENG)	£100^[c]	2023	West Ham United	Arsenal	^[282]
	Jack Grealish (ENG)	£100	2021	Aston Villa	Manchester City	^[270]
5	Eden Hazard (BEL)	£89^[d]	2019	Chelsea	Real Madrid	^[283]
6	Harry Kane (ENG)	£86.4	2023	Tottenham Hotspur	Bayern Munich	^[284]
7	Gareth Bale (WAL)	£86	2013	Tottenham Hotspur	Real Madrid	^[285]^[286]
8	Cristiano Ronaldo (POR)	£80	2009	Manchester United	Real Madrid	^[287]^[288]
8	Harry Maguire (ENG)	£80	2019	Leicester City	Manchester United	^[277]^[278]
10	Romelu Lukaku (BEL)	£75	2017	Everton	Manchester United	^[289]^[290]^[291]
10	Virgil van Dijk (NED)	£75	2018	Southampton	Liverpool	^[292]

^ Initial £105 million plus reported £37 million bonuses
^ Initial £100 million plus a reported £15 million in bonuses
^ Initial £100 million plus a reported £5 million in bonuses
^ Initial £89 million plus a reported £60 million in bonuses

Awards

Trophy

The Premier League maintains two trophies – the genuine trophy (held by the reigning champions) and a spare replica. Two trophies are held for the purpose of making the award within minutes of the title being secured, in the event that on the final day of the season two clubs are still within reach of winning the League.^[293] In the rare event that more than two clubs are vying for the title on the final day of the season, a replica won by a previous club is used.^[294]

The current Premier League trophy was created by Royal Jewellers Garrard & Co/Asprey of London and was designed in house at Garrard & Co by Trevor Brown and Paul Marsden. It consists of a trophy with a golden crown and a malachite plinth base. The plinth weighs 33 pounds (15 kg) and the trophy weighs 22 pounds (10.0 kg).^[295] The trophy and plinth are 76 cm (30 in) tall, 43 cm (17 in) wide and 25 cm (9.8 in) deep.^[296]

Its main body is solid sterling silver and silver gilt, whilst its plinth is made of malachite, a semi-precious stone. The plinth has a silver band around its circumference, upon which the names of the title-winning clubs are listed. The green of the malachite represents the green field of play.^[296] The design of the trophy is based on the heraldry of Three Lions that is associated with English football. Two of the lions are found above the handles on either side of the trophy – the third is symbolised by the captain of the title-winning team as he raises the trophy, and its gold crown, above his head at the end of the season.^[297] The ribbons that drape the handles are presented in the team colours of the league champions that year. In 2004, a special gold version of the trophy was commissioned to commemorate Arsenal winning the title without a single defeat.^[298]

Player and manager awards

In addition to the winner's trophy and the individual winner's medals awarded to players who win the title, the Premier League also issues other awards throughout the season.

A man-of-the-match award is awarded to the player who has the greatest impact in an individual match.

Monthly awards are also given for the Manager of the Month, Player of the Month and Goal of the Month.^[299] These are also issued annually for Manager of the Season,^[300] Player of the Season^[301] and Goal of the Season. The Young Player of the Season award is given to the most outstanding U-23 player starting from the 2019–20 season.^[302]

The Golden Boot award is given to the top goalscorer of every season, the Playmaker of the Season award is given to the player who makes the most assists of every season,^[303] and the Golden Glove award is given to the goalkeeper with the most clean sheets at the end of the season.^[304]

Starting with the 2021–22 season, four new awards are given. The Save of the Season is awarded to the goalkeeper deemed to have made the most impressive save.^[305] The Game Changer of the Season is earned by the player with the single most game-changing performance over the course of the campaign.^[306] The Most Powerful Goal is given to the player whose goal-scoring shot had the highest average velocity from the time it was struck to the time it crossed the goal line, and the Most Improbable Comeback award is meant for the team that, based on calculations performed by Oracle Corporation, goes behind and overcomes a deficit to win their respective match.^[307]

From the 2017–18 season, players receive a milestone award for 100 appearances and every century there after and also players who score 50 goals and multiples thereof. Each player to reach these milestones is to receive a presentation box from the Premier League containing a special medallion and a plaque commemorating their achievement.^[308]

20 Seasons Awards

In 2012, the Premier League celebrated its second decade by holding the 20 Seasons Awards:^[309]

Fantasy Team of the 20 Seasons
- Panel Choice: Peter Schmeichel, Gary Neville, Tony Adams, Rio Ferdinand, Ashley Cole, Cristiano Ronaldo, Roy Keane, Paul Scholes, Ryan Giggs, Thierry Henry, Alan Shearer
- Public Vote: Peter Schmeichel, Gary Neville, Tony Adams, Nemanja Vidić, Ashley Cole, Cristiano Ronaldo, Steven Gerrard, Paul Scholes, Ryan Giggs, Thierry Henry, Alan Shearer

Best Manager: Sir Alex Ferguson
Best Player: Ryan Giggs
Most Appearances: Gareth Barry (652)
Top Goalscorer: Alan Shearer (260)
Most Clean Sheets: David James (173)
500 Club: Steven Gerrard, Jamie Carragher, Gareth Barry, Ryan Giggs, David James, Gary Speed, Frank Lampard, Emile Heskey and Sol Campbell
Best Goal: Wayne Rooney, 12 February 2011, Manchester United vs Manchester City
Best Save: Craig Gordon, 18 December 2010, Sunderland vs Bolton Wanderers
Best Team: Arsenal 2003–04

Notes

^ Between 2011 and 2019, at various intervals, the league featured two clubs from Wales, Cardiff City and Swansea City, who both play in the English football league system.
^ 22 teams between 1992–1995.

References

^ "When will goal-line technology be introduced?". Archived from the original on 9 July 2013. The total number of matches can be calculated using the formula n*(n-1) where n is the total number of teams.
^ "Why is there a Saturday football blackout in the UK for live streams & TV broadcasts?". Goal India. Mumbai. Archived from the original on 2 May 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
^ Smith, Rory; Draper, Kevin; Panja, Tariq (9 February 2020). "The Long Search to Fill Soccer's Biggest, Toughest Job". The New York Times. London. Archived from the original on 9 February 2020. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
^ ^a ^b "English Premier League broadcast rights rise to $12 billion". Sky News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 19 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
^ "Sky and BT pay less in new £4.46bn Premier League football deal". Sky News. London. Archived from the original on 19 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
^ "Premier League agrees record £6.7bn domestic TV rights deal". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
^ "U.S. Deal Vaults Premier League International Rights Over Domestic Rights". Front Office Sports. 15 February 2022. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Premier League value of central payments to Clubs" (Press release). London: The Football Association Premier League Limited. 1 June 2017. Archived from the original on 14 June 2007. Retrieved 6 June 2017.
^ ^a ^b "History and time are key to power of football, says Premier League chief". The Times. 3 July 2013. Archived from the original on 9 November 2016. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
^ "Playing the game: The soft power of sport". British Council. Archived from the original on 10 October 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
^ "English Premier League Performance Stats – 2023–24". ESPN. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
^ Bundesliga 2024/24 » Zuschauer (in German) weltfussball.de, Spectator figures 2023–24 . Retrieved 23 October 2024
^ "English Premier League Performance Stats – 2018–19". ESPN. Archived from the original on 16 August 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2018.
^ Chard, Henry. "Your ground's too big for you! Which stadiums were closest to capacity in England last season?". Sky Sports. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
^ uefa.com (6 May 2021). "Member associations – Country coefficients – UEFA.com". Archived from the original on 4 December 2019. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
^ O, Gerard. "Champions League: What Country Has Been the Most Successful". Bleacher Report. Archived from the original on 2 May 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
^ "Premier League Competition Format & History | Premier League". Archived from the original on 24 July 2022. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
^ "How long have Everton been in top-flight, which other clubs have never gone down". 14 May 2023. Archived from the original on 9 May 2023. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
^ "1985: English teams banned after Heysel". BBC News. 31 May 1985. Archived from the original on 8 June 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2006.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "A History of The Premier League". Premier League. Archived from the original on 18 November 2011. Retrieved 22 November 2007.
^ "The Taylor Report". Football Network. Archived from the original on 16 October 2006. Retrieved 22 November 2007.
^ ^a ^b Taylor, Matthew (18 October 2013). The Association Game: A History of British Football. Routledge. p. 342. ISBN 9781317870081. Archived from the original on 16 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2017.
^ Tongue, Steve (2016). Turf Wars: A History of London Football. Pitch Publishing. ISBN 9781785312489.^{[permanent dead link]}
^ ^a ^b Taylor, Matthew (18 October 2013). The Association Game: A History of British Football. Routledge. p. 343. ISBN 9781317870081. Archived from the original on 19 February 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
^ ^a ^b Crawford, Gerry. "Fact Sheet 8: British Football on Television". Centre for the Sociology of Sport, University of Leicester. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 10 August 2006.
^ Lipton, Martin (5 October 2017). "Chapter 15: Mr Chairman". White Hart Lane: The Spurs Glory Years 1899–2017. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 9781409169284. Archived from the original on 16 July 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2018.
^ "Super Ten Losing Ground". New Straits Times. 14 July 1988. Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
^ ^a ^b "The History of the Football League". The Football League. Archived from the original on 11 April 2008. Retrieved 12 September 2010.
^ ^a ^b King, Anthony (2002). End of the Terraces: The Transformation of English Football. Leicester University Press. pp. 64–65. ISBN 978-0718502591. Archived from the original on 19 February 2024. Retrieved 4 July 2019.
^ King, Anthony (2002). End of the Terraces: The Transformation of English Football. Leicester University Press. p. 103. ISBN 978-0718502591.
^ ^a ^b Conn, David (4 September 2013). "Greg Dyke seems to forget his role in the Premier League's formation". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 16 August 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
^ "The Men who Changed Football". BBC News. 20 February 2001. Archived from the original on 17 March 2022. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
^ ^a ^b Rodrigues, Jason (2 February 2012). "Premier League football at 20: 1992, the start of a whole new ball game". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 January 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
^ MacInnes, Paul (23 July 2017). "Deceit, determination and Murdoch's millions: how Premier League was born". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 24 December 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
^ "In the matter of an agreement between the Football Association Premier League Limited and the Football Association Limited and the Football League Limited and their respective member clubs". HM Courts Service. 2006. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 8 August 2006.
^ Lovejoy, Joe (2011). "3. The Big Kick-Off". Glory, Goals and Greed: Twenty Years of the Premier League. Random House. ISBN 978-1-78057-144-7.
^ "Premiership 1992/93". Soccerbase. Archived from the original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
^ Shaw, Phil (17 August 1992). "The Premier Kick-Off: Ferguson's false start". The Independent. Archived from the original on 28 January 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2010.
^ Northcroft, Jonathan (11 May 2008). "Breaking up the Premier League's Big Four". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 10 August 2011. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
^ "The best of the rest". Soccernet. ESPN. 29 January 2007. Archived from the original on 23 December 2007. Retrieved 27 November 2007.
^ "Arsenal make history". BBC Sport. 15 May 2004. Archived from the original on 27 March 2009. Retrieved 16 September 2015.
^ Platt, Oli (11 December 2018). "Arsenal Invincibles: How Wenger's 2003–04 Gunners went a season without defeat". Goal. Archived from the original on 11 January 2019. Retrieved 10 January 2019.
^ "Power of top four concerns Keegan". BBC Sport. 6 May 2008. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 6 May 2008.
^ "Scudamore defends 'boring' League". BBC Sport. 7 May 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2008. Retrieved 9 May 2008.
^ "UEFA Champions League – History: Finals by season". UEFA. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
^ "UEFA Europa League – History: Finals by season". UEFA. Archived from the original on 25 June 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
^ "Premier League All time – League Table" Archived 2 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Statbunker.com. Retrieved 1 February 2020
^ ^a ^b Jolly, Richard (11 August 2011). "Changing dynamics of the 'Big Six' in Premier League title race". The National. Archived from the original on 4 March 2017. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
^ Smith, Rory (23 July 2010). "Champions League defeat could ruin Tottenham's season says Vedran Corluka". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 14 August 2014.
^ "Alex McLeish says Aston Villa struggle to compete with top clubs". BBC Sport. 8 September 2011. Archived from the original on 19 February 2024. Retrieved 8 September 2011.
^ De Menezes, Jack (11 May 2016). "Arsenal secure top-four finish for 20th straight season to reach Champions League after Manchester United defeat". The Independent. Archived from the original on 18 June 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
^ "Leicester City win Premier League title after Tottenham draw at Chelsea". BBC Sport. 2 May 2016. Archived from the original on 24 October 2018. Retrieved 22 March 2018.
^ Conn, David (27 September 2017). "Premier League clubs aim to block rich six's bid for a bigger share of TV cash". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
^ Tweedale, Alistair (2 October 2017). "The changing shape of the Premier League: how the 'big six' are pulling away". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.
^ Wilson, Bill (23 January 2018). "Manchester United remain football's top revenue-generator". BBC News. Archived from the original on 5 March 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
^ Conn, David (6 June 2018). "Premier League finances: the full club-by-club breakdown and verdict". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 9 December 2018. Retrieved 9 December 2018.
^ "Deloitte Football Money League 2019: Real Madrid richest ahead of Barcelona and Manchester United". Sky News. 24 January 2019. Archived from the original on 24 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
^ MacInnes, Paul (9 August 2019). "VAR VAR voom! The Premier League gets set for video referees". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
^ "Liverpool win Premier League: Reds' 30-year wait for top-flight title ends". BBC Sport. 25 June 2020.
^ MacInnes, Paul; Hytner, David (11 October 2020). "Project Big Picture: leading clubs' plan to reshape game sparks anger". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 12 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
^ de Menezes, Jack (11 October 2020). "'Project Big Picture' condemned by government as EFL chief launches defence of secret talks". The Independent. Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
^ Dorsett, Rob; Trehan, Dev (26 April 2021). "Wesley Fofana: Leicester defender thanks Premier League after being allowed to break Ramadan fast mid-game". Sky Sports. Archived from the original on 27 April 2021.
^ "Premier League set for mid-season break". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 2 January 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2022.
^ "How the 2022 World Cup will affect the 2022/23 Premier League season". talkSPORT. 2 April 2022. Archived from the original on 2 January 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2022.
^ "Premier League players agree to stop taking a knee before every game". ESPN. 3 August 2022. Archived from the original on 3 August 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
^ Thomas-Humphreys, Harry (23 May 2023). "The last time Newcastle United played in the Champions League". Metro. Archived from the original on 28 May 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
^ "Brighton qualify for Europa League: 'Special times at a club on the rise'". BBC Sport. 24 May 2023. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
^ Hafez, Shamoon (28 May 2023). "What went wrong for Leicester City?". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 30 May 2023.
^ "Man City take greatness to new heights with fourth straight Premier League title". ESPN.com. 19 May 2024.
^ "Aston Villa qualify for Champions League: Unai Emery leads side into competition for first time since 1983". Sky Sports.
^ "C-403/08 – Football Association Premier League and Others". curia.europa.eu. Archived from the original on 25 December 2011.
^ "Terms & Conditions". Premier League. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015.
^ "Privacy Policy". Premier League. Archived from the original on 1 July 2015.
^ "Our relationship with the clubs". Premier League. Archived from the original on 14 November 2006. Retrieved 8 August 2006.
^ "The Premier League and Other Football Bodies". Premier League. Archived from the original on 18 March 2006. Retrieved 12 September 2010.
^ "Premier League chief executive Richard Masters given job on permanent basis". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2021.
^ "Clubs vote unanimously to appoint Whitbread PLC CEO to the position from early 2023". Premier League. Archived from the original on 27 October 2022. Retrieved 27 October 2022.
^ "ECA Members". European Club Association. Archived from the original on 11 March 2018. Retrieved 5 March 2024.
^ "European Club Association: General Presentation". European Club Association. Archived from the original on 9 August 2010. Retrieved 7 September 2010.
^ "Newcastle fans 'kept in the dark' by Premier League amid ongoing takeover". Sky Sports. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
^ Waugh, Chris; Slater, Matt. "Explained: the Premier League's letter about Newcastle's failed takeover". The Athletic. Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Newcastle takeover: Amanda Staveley wants UK Government and Premier League to make arbitration transparent". Sky Sports. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
^ "Dangers to English football 'very real', says chair of fan-led review into game". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
^ "English football needs independent regulator, says chair of fan-led review". The Guardian. 22 July 2021. Archived from the original on 7 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
^ "'Time to act': Former players demand independent regulator for football". The Guardian. 17 May 2021. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
^ "Antonio Conte calls Tottenham's January departures 'strange' and points to past mistakes made in the transfer window". UK: Sky Sports. Archived from the original on 4 February 2022. Retrieved 4 February 2022.
^ "'I wouldn't go to another Premier League team' – Barcelona forward Luis Suarez refuses to rule out Liverpool return". talksport.com. talkSport. 12 February 2016. Archived from the original on 4 August 2022. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
^ "Premier League Rule C.17 p.107". Premier League Handbook Season 2021/22 (PDF). The Football Association Premier League Limited. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 September 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
^ Baxter, Kevin (14 May 2016). "There are millions of reasons to want a promotion and avoid relegation in the English Premier League". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 11 February 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
^ Fisher, Ben (9 May 2018). "Fulham lead march of heavyweights in £200m Championship play-offs". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
^ Barclay, Patrick (14 August 1994). "F.A. Premiership: Free spirits set to roam". The Guardian. ProQuest 293505497.
^ ^a ^b Miller, Nick (15 August 2017). "How the Premier League has evolved in 25 years to become what it is today". ESPN. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
^ "Fifa wants 18-team Premier League". BBC Sport. 8 June 2006. Archived from the original on 28 June 2006. Retrieved 8 August 2006.
^ "English Premier League Table 2007-08". ESPN. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
^ "Video Assistant Referees Explained | VAR". Premier League. 1 June 2020. Archived from the original on 24 August 2021. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
^ Kolbinger, Otto; Knopp, Melanie (9 December 2020). "Video kills the sentiment—Exploring fans' reception of the video assistant referee in the English premier league using Twitter data". PLOS ONE. 15 (12): e0242728. Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1542728K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0242728. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 7725346. PMID 33296406.
^ "Clubs". Premier League. Archived from the original on 3 December 2018. Retrieved 25 January 2018.
^ Wathan, Chris (12 May 2011). "Rodgers looking for his Swans to peak in play-offs and reach Premier League summit". Western Mail. p. 50.
^ "Swansea wins promotion to EPL". ESPN. Associated Press. 30 May 2011. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
^ Herbert, Ian (21 August 2011). "Vorm is man in form to save Swans". The Independent. Archived from the original on 19 September 2011. Retrieved 22 August 2011.
^ "Cardiff Becomes Second Welsh Team in English Premier League". The Sports Network. Associated Press. 16 April 2013. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
^ "Cardiff City relegation: Fans left singing the blues". BBC News. 3 May 2014. Archived from the original on 14 February 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
^ "Premier League: Liverpool finish fourth as Swansea are relegated". BBC Sport. 13 May 2018. Archived from the original on 20 October 2018. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
^ "Cardiff City relegated: Defeat against Crystal Palace relegates Bluebirds and seals Brighton's survival". The Independent. 4 May 2019. Archived from the original on 6 May 2019. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
^ "Swans end Bantams fairytale". ESPN FC. 24 February 2013. Archived from the original on 27 February 2013. Retrieved 30 June 2013.
^ "Uefa give Swansea and Cardiff European assurance". BBC Sport. 21 March 2012. Archived from the original on 7 January 2016. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
^ Hammam 2000, p. 3
^ Bose, Mihir (16 August 2001). "Hammam cast in villain's role as Dons seek happy ending". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 21 April 2013. Retrieved 31 October 2009.
^ "Hammam meets grass-roots on whistle-stop tour". Irish Independent. 23 January 1998. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
^ Quinn, Philip (10 June 1998). "'Dublin Dons on way' Hammam". Irish Independent. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
^ Ziegler, Martyn; Esplin, Ronnie (10 April 2013). "Celtic and Rangers will join European super league, says Scotland manager Gordon Strachan". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
^ "European qualification for UEFA competitions explained". Premier League. Archived from the original on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
^ "Member associations - UEFA rankings - Country coefficients – UEFA". UEFA. 26 September 2024. Archived from the original on 4 December 2019. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
^ "UEFA Country Ranking 2023". kassiesa.net. Archived from the original on 14 February 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
^ "Liverpool get in Champions League". BBC Sport. 10 June 2005. Archived from the original on 12 April 2012. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
^ "EXCO approves new coefficient system". UEFA. 20 May 2008. Archived from the original on 21 May 2008. Retrieved 12 September 2010.
^ "Jubilant Chelsea parade Champions League trophy". CNN International. 21 May 2012. Archived from the original on 3 March 2013. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
^ "Added bonus for UEFA Europa League winners". UEFA.org. Union of European Football Associations. 24 May 2013. Archived from the original on 22 September 2015. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
^ "Europa League win earns Manchester United a Champions League spot". UEFA. 24 May 2017. Archived from the original on 10 April 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
^ "UEFA Champions League Finals 1956–2021". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 12 August 2022. Retrieved 29 May 2022.
^ "UEFA Cup: All-time finals". UEFA. 30 June 2005. Archived from the original on 9 March 2008. Retrieved 15 March 2008.
^ Ross, James M. (31 May 1999). "European Cup Winners' Cup Finals 1961–99". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 8 July 2010.
^ Vieli, André (2014). UEFA: 60 years at the heart of football (PDF). Nyon: Union des Associations Européennes de Football. p. 45. doi:10.22005/bcu.175315. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2021.
^ "UEFA Europa Conference League: all you need to know". 3 December 2020. Archived from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
^ "UEFA Intertoto Cup history". UEFA. Archived from the original on 3 May 2006. Retrieved 7 June 2006.
^ "English clubs pay for Intertoto fiasco". The Independent. 16 December 1995. Archived from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
^ ^a ^b Risolo, Don (2010). Soccer Stories: Anecdotes, Oddities, Lore, and Amazing Feats Archived 26 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine p.109. U of Nebraska Press. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
^ "UEFA Super Cup History". UEFA.com. Union of European Football Associations. July 2021. Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
^ "Intercontinental Club Cup". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 12 August 2022. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
^ "Futebol: Titulos" [Football: Titles] (in Portuguese). Sport Club Corinthians Paulista. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 4 March 2013.
^ "Premier League and Barclays Announce Competition Name Change" (PDF). Premier League. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 22 November 2006.
^ "Barclays nets Premier League deal". BBC News. 27 September 2006. Archived from the original on 22 April 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2010.
^ "Barclays renews Premier sponsorship". Premier League. 23 October 2009. Archived from the original on 25 October 2009. Retrieved 23 October 2009.
^ "Premier League closes door on title sponsorship from 2016 to 2017 season". ESPN FC. Press Association. Archived from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
^ "Partners". Premier League. Archived from the original on 13 August 2010. Retrieved 7 September 2010.
^ Northcroft, Jonathan (4 October 2009). "The Premier League's goal rush". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 18 September 2011. Retrieved 7 September 2010.
^ ^a ^b "Topps". Premier League.com. Archived from the original on 6 October 2018. Retrieved 5 October 2018.
^ "Impressive sales figures show Topps Match Attax to be an immediate hit". Talking Retail.com. Archived from the original on 6 October 2018. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
^ "Panini lands worldwide Premier League card, sticker exclusive starting in 2019–20". Beckett News. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
^ "Cadbury and Premier League enter partnership". Premier League. 24 January 2017. Archived from the original on 5 June 2019. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
^ "New Premier League player award announced". Premier League. 18 April 2018. Archived from the original on 18 April 2018. Retrieved 16 May 2018.
^ "Premier League announces partnership with Castrol". Premier League. 24 November 2021. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
^ "Premier League wages keep on rising, Deloitte says". BBC News. 9 June 2011. Archived from the original on 30 July 2016. Retrieved 13 August 2012.
^ "English Premier League generates highest revenue, German Bundesliga most profitable". The Observer. 10 June 2010. Archived from the original on 24 June 2010. Retrieved 20 September 2010.
^ Jakeman, Mike (25 March 2015). "Unbelievably, the Premier League is becoming profitable". Quartz. Archived from the original on 27 March 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
^ "Prestigious Award for Premier League". Premier League. 21 April 2010. Archived from the original on 22 April 2010. Retrieved 21 April 2010.
^ "Top 20 clubs Deloitte Football Money League 2011". Deloitte. Archived from the original on 30 November 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
^ "Deloitte Football Money League 18th Edition" (PDF). January 2015. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 January 2015. Retrieved 14 November 2015.
^ Austin, Simon (18 December 2012). "Premier League clubs agree new cost controls". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
^ Conn, David (10 May 2006). "Rich clubs forced to give up a sliver of the TV pie". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 26 May 2006. Retrieved 8 August 2006.
^ Brewin, John (4 July 2005). "1997/98 – Season Review". Soccernet. ESPN. Archived from the original on 23 December 2007. Retrieved 29 November 2007.
^ "Championship clubs to lose out as Premier League parachute and solidarity payments cut". Gazette Live. Archived from the original on 24 February 2020. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
^ "Richard Scudamore takes big stick to Championship over parachute money". The Guardian. 16 May 2013. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
^ "Premier League's relegated clubs to receive £60m boost". BBC Sport. 16 April 2013. Archived from the original on 7 April 2015. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
^ James, Stuart (5 August 2006). "Why clubs may risk millions for riches at the end of the rainbow". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 10 March 2007. Retrieved 13 August 2006.
^ Bailey, Ben; Whyte, Patrick (19 March 2009). "Premier League casualties – clubs that have struggled since relegation". Evening Standard. Daily Mail & General Trust. Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved 7 April 2009.
^ "Down again: Leicester's relegation horror". The Daily Telegraph. 5 May 2008. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 7 April 2009.
^ Branded BT Sport until 2023
^ Blythe, Nils (2 March 2010). "Why TV is the key to Real success". BBC News. Archived from the original on 5 March 2010. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
^ "Frequently asked questions about the F.A. Premier League, (How are television revenues distributed to Premier League clubs?)". Premier League. Archived from the original on 26 November 2007. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
^ Harris, Nick (23 March 2010). "Premier League nets £1.4bn TV rights bonanza". The Independent. Archived from the original on 26 March 2010. Retrieved 12 September 2010.
^ Murphy, Mike. "The most popular sport in the UK is barely on television, even during the holidays". Quartz. Archived from the original on 7 August 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
^ "Why UK fans will not be able to watch Barcelona vs Real Madrid". The Independent. 12 October 2016. Archived from the original on 7 August 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
^ MacInnes, Paul (29 March 2017). "Premier League launches major fightback against illegal streaming". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 7 August 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
^ ^a ^b "BSkyB Timeline". BSkyB. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2009.
^ "Premier League launches international rights tender". SportBusiness. SBG Companies Ltd. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 12 September 2010.
^ "BBC keeps Premiership highlights". BBC Sport. 8 June 2006. Archived from the original on 21 June 2006. Retrieved 8 August 2006.
^ Bond, David (26 May 2006). "TV deal pays another £84m". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 8 August 2006.
^ "Premiership in new £625m TV deal". BBC News. 18 January 2007. Archived from the original on 24 May 2007. Retrieved 3 June 2007.
^ "Premier League clubs benefit from new overseas TV deal". BBC Sport. 30 March 2010. Archived from the original on 12 January 2016. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
^ Harris, Nick (12 January 1999). "Football: High Court countdown: Battle begins for football's future". The Independent. Archived from the original on 1 February 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
^ "BSkyB investigation: alleged infringement of the Chapter II prohibition" (PDF). Office of Fair Trading. 17 December 2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 August 2006. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
^ "Sport and European Competition Policy" (PDF). European Commission Directorate-General IV – Competition. 1999. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 August 2006. Retrieved 8 August 2006.
^ "BBC renews Match of the Day deal". BBC Sport. 25 May 2012. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2012.
^ "New Television Rights". BBC News. 6 February 2009. Archived from the original on 23 April 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
^ "ESPN win Premier League rights". Premier League. 22 June 2009. Archived from the original on 24 June 2009. Retrieved 22 June 2009.
^ "Premier League rights sold to BT and BSkyB for £3bn". BBC News. 13 June 2012. Archived from the original on 9 August 2013. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
^ "Premier League TV rights: Sky and BT pay £5.1bn for live games". BBC Sport. 10 February 2015. Archived from the original on 11 February 2015. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
^ "Premier League TV rights: Five of seven live packages sold for £4.464bn". BBC Sport. 13 February 2018. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
^ "Premier League TV rights: Amazon to show 20 matches a season from 2019 to 2022". BBC News. 7 June 2018. Archived from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
^ "Amazon's Premier League production goes to BT and Sunset+Vine". SportsPro Media. 22 March 2019. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
^ "Premier League to resume on 17th June with Man City v Arsenal". SportsPro Media. 29 May 2020. Archived from the original on 13 July 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
^ "Amazon's four Premier League matches to be made available free". SportsPro Media. 3 June 2020. Archived from the original on 3 June 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
^ "Amazon's Premier League games to air on Twitch for free". SportsPro Media. Archived from the original on 10 July 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
^ "Premier League to resume on 17th June with Man City v Arsenal". SportsPro Media. Archived from the original on 13 July 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
^ Rosser, Jack (8 September 2020). "Premier League clubs to agree to matches on live TV until fans return". Evening Standard. Archived from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
^ "All 28 Premier League games in September to be broadcast live in UK". SportsPro Media. 8 September 2020. Archived from the original on 12 October 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
^ "Plan will drive fans to illegal streams". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 12 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
^ "BBC and Amazon to air games as Premier League ends PPV experiment". SportsPro Media. 13 November 2020. Archived from the original on 16 November 2020. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
^ Kilpatrick, Dan (20 October 2020). "Tottenham fans join support for food banks over Premier League PPVs". Evening Standard. Archived from the original on 22 November 2020. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
^ Collings, Simon (26 October 2020). "Arsenal fans raise £34k for Islington Giving charity in PPV boycott". Evening Standard. Archived from the original on 16 November 2020. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
^ "League secures approval in principle for renewals with UK broadcast partners". Premier League. 13 May 2021. Archived from the original on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
^ Writer, Senior Staff. "Why is BT Sport changing to TNT Sports?". Tech Advisor. Archived from the original on 25 May 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
^ "The Premier League Football Show". BBC Sport. August 2016. Archived from the original on 26 January 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
^ Flanagan, Chris (19 January 2016). "Inside Premier League Productions: the company you know nothing about servicing 730m homes every matchday". FourFourTwo. London: Future plc. Archived from the original on 10 August 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
^ "ESPN-Star extends pact with FA Premier League". Business Line. 21 March 2004. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 9 August 2006.
^ "Disney Star renews English Premier League broadcast rights for next three seasons". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
^ "Premier League extends broadcast partnership with beIN SPORTS until 2025" (Press release). Doha: BeIN Media Group. 10 January 2021. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
^ Frater, Patrick (22 July 2021). "China's iQiyi Signs English Premier League Soccer Rights Deal". Variety. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
^ "iQiyi Sports sublicenses Premier League rights to Migu". SportsMint Media. 16 August 2021. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
^ Dixon, Ed (2 August 2022). "Premier League returning to CCTV in China". SportsPro. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
^ Siracusa, Claire (3 November 2015). "Optus snatches English Premier League rights from Fox Sports in Australia". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney: Nine Entertainment. Archived from the original on 29 December 2017. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
^ Houpt, Simon (13 January 2022). "fuboTV buys Canadian rights to English Premier League". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2023.
^ Davidson, Neil. "Streaming service DAZN makes English Premier League broadcast deal official". The Globe and Mail. The Canadian Press. Archived from the original on 29 May 2020. Retrieved 11 June 2019.
^ Goff, Steven. "English Premier League gets a big American stage on NBC". The Washington Post. Washington. Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 17 August 2014.
^ Paulsen (28 May 2015). "Premier League Viewership Up in Year Two on NBC". Sports Media Watch. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
^ Yoder, Matt (11 August 2015). "NBC and the English Premier League will continue the best marriage in sports media". Awful Announcing. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
^ Rashid, Saad (28 July 2015). "NBC Sports deserves new Premier League rights deal". World Soccer Talk. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
^ "NBC retains Premier League rights until 2021–22 season". ESPN. Associated Press. 10 August 2015. Archived from the original on 9 November 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
^ Sandomir, Richard (10 August 2015). "NBC Retains Rights to Premier League in Six-Year Deal". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 12 August 2015. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
^ Hayes, Dade (18 November 2021). "NBCUniversal Extends Premier League Rights Through 2028". Deadline. Los Angeles: Penske Corporation. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
^ "NBC keeps Premier League U.S. broadcast rights in 6-year, $2.7 billion deal". CNBC. New York: NBCUniversal. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^ "Premier League renews partnership with Supersport" (Press release). London: Premier League Productions. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
^ "Canal+ Renouvelle Les Droits Du Championnat Anglais Dans Son Intégralité!" (Press release) (in French). Paris: Groupe Canal+. 9 July 2021. Archived from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
^ "Sky bleibt bis 2025 das Zuhause der Premier League in Österreich" (Press release). Munich: Sky Deutschland. 9 June 2021. Archived from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
^ "Матч Тв" Стал Эксклюзивным Вещателем Английской Премьер-лиги!". Match TV. 23 July 2021. Archived from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
^ "La Premier League solo su Sky Sport e NOW fino al 2025" (Press release) (in Italian). Milan: Sky Italia. 29 May 2022. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2023.
^ "Eleven Portugal Secures Exclusive Premier League Rights From 2022 To 2025" (Press release). London: Eleven Sports. 29 September 2021. Archived from the original on 20 November 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
^ "DAZN seguirá emitiendo la Premier League en España hasta 2025" (Press release) (in Spanish). Madrid: DAZN Spain. 13 July 2021. Archived from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
^ "Premier League önümüzdeki sezondan itibaren beIN SPORTS'ta!" (Press release) (in Turkish). Istanbul: beIN Sports Turkey. 25 August 2021. Archived from the original on 25 August 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
^ "Spectacolul Premier League revine la Digi Sport". Digi Sport. 15 December 2021. Archived from the original on 11 December 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
^ "NENT Group secures int'l Premier League rights in six-year deal" (Press release). Stockholm: Vivaplay Group. 6 February 2020. Archived from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
^ "NENT Group wins Premier League rights in the Netherlands, Poland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania from 2022 to 2028" (Press release). Stockholm: Vivaplay Group. 7 July 2021. Archived from the original on 7 July 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
^ "ESPN adquirió los derechos exclusivos de la Premier League por tres temporadas para Sudamérica de habla hispana" (Press release). Buenos Aires: [[ESPN Latin America]|ESPN]]. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
^ Francischini, Guto (2 February 2022). "ESPN e Premier League renovam direitos exclusivos por mais três temporadas na América do Sul" (Press release) (in Brazilian Portuguese). São Paulo: ESPN. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
^ "ESPN dividirá Campeonato Inglês com Fox; saiba onde assistir cada jogo". UOL (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 23 January 2022. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
^ Lang, Jamie (13 January 2022). "Premier League Soccer Finds Central American Home With Paramount Plus". Variety. Los Angeles: Penske Corporation. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
^ "What's new for 2023/24? Five Premier League updates for the new season!". West Ham United FC. 9 August 2023. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
^ Fox, Norman (18 April 1999). "Football: Fayed's race against time". The Independent. Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
^ Slater, Matt (14 March 2007). "Call grows for return of terraces". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 16 August 2017. Retrieved 28 May 2009.
^ Whyatt, Chris (3 January 2008). "Match-going mood killers?". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 6 January 2008. Retrieved 15 September 2010.
^ Buraimo, Babatunde; Simmons, Rob (2006). "Market size and attendance in English Premier League football" (PDF). Lancaster University Management School Working Paper. 2006/003. Lancaster University Management School. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2018.
^ "Premier League attendances at record high as crowds swell across the pyramid". The Times. 11 June 2023. Archived from the original on 11 December 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
^ "Football Stats Results for 1992–1993 Premiership". football.co.uk. DigitalSportsGroup. Archived from the original on 2 January 2007. Retrieved 10 August 2006.
^ "Fact Sheet 2: Football Stadia After Taylor". University of Leicester. Archived from the original on 26 June 2006. Retrieved 10 August 2006.
^ "Shifting stands". Soccernet. ESPN. 27 July 2005. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2006.
^ "Is the Premier League about to break a 70-year-old attendance record?". All Football. 15 December 2019. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
^ Hughes, Matt; Hughes, Exclusive by Matt (23 October 2024). "Football regulator given power to block Premier League stadium sales". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
^ Bate, Adam (11 February 2022). "Pep Guardiola interview: 'Everyone wants to copy the winner but it is a big mistake,' says Man City head coach". UK: Sky Sports. Archived from the original on 11 February 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
^ Kelly, Seamus; Harris, John (2010). "Managers, directors and trust in professional football". Sport in Society: Cultures, Commerce, Media, Politics. 13 (3): 489–502. doi:10.1080/17430431003588150. ISSN 1743-0437. S2CID 144429767.
^ White, Duncan (5 December 2005). "The Knowledge". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 13 October 2010.
^ Hughes, Matt; Samuel, Martin (22 September 2007). "Avram Grant's job under threat from lack of Uefa licence". The Times. Archived from the original on 10 August 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2010.
^ "Longest serving managers". League Managers Association. Archived from the original on 7 February 2015. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
^ "Soccernomics: Does sacking the manager actually make a difference?". FourFourTwo. 13 March 2016. Archived from the original on 11 December 2017. Retrieved 14 December 2017.
^ "Premier League Statistics". Premier League. Archived from the original on 4 January 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
^ "Premier League rules" (PDF). Premier League. 2010. p. 150. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2010.
^ ^a ^b "Home Grown Player rules". Premier League. 16 July 2010. Archived from the original on 13 August 2010. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
^ "New Premier League squad rules explained". BBC Sport. 27 July 2010. Archived from the original on 12 January 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
^ Atkinson, Ron (23 August 2002). "England need to stem the foreign tide". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 10 July 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2006.
^ Ingle, Sean (12 June 2001). "Phil Neal: King of Europe?". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 4 October 2009. Retrieved 10 August 2006.
^ "Wenger backs non-English line-up". BBC Sport. 14 February 2005. Archived from the original on 3 August 2013. Retrieved 10 August 2006.
^ Williams, Ollie (17 August 2009). "Where the Premier League's players come from". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 12 January 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
^ "Samatta adds Tanzania to Premier League nations". Premier League. Archived from the original on 1 February 2020. Retrieved 1 February 2020.
^ "New Work Permit Criteria for Football Players Announced". Department for Education and Employment. 2 July 1999. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 1 July 2007.
^ "Work permit arrangements for football players". Home Office. Archived from the original on 26 September 2006. Retrieved 1 July 2007.
^ "Plan agreed on entry requirements for overseas players in England post-Brexit in 2021". The Football Association. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
^ "Premier League player stats". Premier League. Archived from the original on 4 January 2017. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
^ Whooley, Declan (23 December 2013). "Will Luis Suarez break the Premier League goal scoring record this season?". Irish Independent. Archived from the original on 12 May 2019. Retrieved 15 August 2014.
^ "Players by Statistic". Premier League. Archived from the original on 3 July 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2013.
^ "Premier League Golden Boot award winners". Premier League. 20 May 2020. Archived from the original on 19 July 2020. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
^ "Premier League records". football.co.uk. DigitalSportsGroup. 24 March 2008. Archived from the original on 1 December 2009. Retrieved 13 September 2010.
^ "Ryan Giggs goal makes him only person to score in all PL seasons trivia". SportBusiness. SBG Companies Ltd. Archived from the original on 13 September 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2009.
^ "Premier League Player Stats: Assists – All Seasons". Premier League. Archived from the original on 15 September 2017. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^ "Forty factors fuelling football inflation". The Guardian. 31 July 2003. Archived from the original on 18 August 2006. Retrieved 8 August 2006.
^ "Global Sports Salaries Survey 2018". Sporting Intelligence. 27 November 2018. Archived from the original on 27 November 2018. Retrieved 27 November 2018.
^ "From £250,000 to £29.1m". The Observer. 5 March 2006. Archived from the original on 3 December 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
^ "Enzo Fernandez transfer news: Chelsea complete British record £107m fee for Benfica midfielder". BBC Sport. 1 February 2023. Archived from the original on 1 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
^ ^a ^b Steinberg, Jacob (14 August 2023). "Chelsea complete Moisés Caicedo signing in British record £115m deal". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 14 August 2023. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
^ "Arsenal sign Rice in club-record £105m deal". Sky Sports. 17 July 2023. Archived from the original on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
^ ^a ^b "Jack Grealish: Man City sign England midfielder from Aston Villa for £100m". BBC Sport. 5 August 2021. Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
^ "Chelsea re-sign Lukaku for club record £97.5m". BBC Sport. 12 August 2021. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2021.
^ "Chelsea confirm Romelu Lukaku signing from Inter in €115m deal". The Guardian. 12 August 2021. Archived from the original on 22 June 2022. Retrieved 12 August 2021.
^ "Official: Pogba signs for Man Utd for €105m". Football Italia. 8 August 2016. Archived from the original on 20 August 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
^ "Paul Pogba: Manchester United re-sign France midfielder for world-record £89m". BBC Sport. 8 August 2016. Archived from the original on 3 May 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
^ Rej, Arindam (8 August 2016). "Paul Pogba completes record transfer to Manchester United from Juventus". ESPN. Archived from the original on 22 April 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
^ "Antony: Manchester United agree to sign Ajax winger for £81.3m". BBC Sport. 30 August 2022. Archived from the original on 30 August 2022. Retrieved 30 August 2022.
^ ^a ^b "Harry Maguire: Man Utd sign Leicester defender for world record £80m". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 5 August 2019. Retrieved 5 August 2019.
^ ^a ^b "Transferts : Harry Maguire, le défenseur le plus cher de l'histoire, à Manchester United pour six ans" (in French). L'Equipe. Archived from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2019.
^ "Josko Gvardiol: Manchester City sign Croatia centre-back from RB Leipzig". BBC Sport. 5 August 2023. Archived from the original on 5 August 2023. Retrieved 5 August 2023.
^ "Romelu Lukaku: Man Utd sign Everton striker for initial £75m on five year deal". BBC Sport. 10 July 2017. Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
^ Jones, Matt (6 January 2018). "Philippe Coutinho Completes £142 Million Barcelona Transfer". Bleacher Report. Archived from the original on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
^ "Arsenal sign Rice in club-record £105m deal". Sky Sports. 17 July 2023. Archived from the original on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
^ "Eden Hazars transfer deal agreed". 7 June 2019. Archived from the original on 5 September 2019. Retrieved 30 July 2019.
^ "Harry Kane joins Bayern Munich ending record-breaking Tottenham career". BBC Sport. 12 August 2023. Archived from the original on 12 August 2023. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
^ "Gareth Bale contract leak sparks panic at Real Madrid – and agent's fury". The Daily Telegraph. No. 21 January 2016. 21 January 2016. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.
^ "Spurs accept £85m Bale bid". BBC Sport. 1 August 2013. Archived from the original on 8 February 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
^ "Man Utd accept £80m Ronaldo bid". BBC Sport. 11 June 2009. Archived from the original on 5 October 2018. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
^ Ogden, Mark (11 June 2009). "Cristiano Ronaldo transfer: Real Madrid agree £80 million fee with Manchester United". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2010.
^ "Romelu Lukaku: Man Utd sign Everton striker for initial £75m on five year deal". BBC Sport. 10 July 2017. Archived from the original on 13 June 2018. Retrieved 30 August 2018.
^ "Romelu Lukaku signs for Man United to complete switch from Everton". ESPN. 10 July 2017. Archived from the original on 12 July 2017. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
^ Ducker, James (10 July 2017). "Romelu Lukaku completes Manchester United move in deal that could reach world record £90m". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
^ "Virgil van Dijk: Liverpool to sign Southampton defender for world record £75m". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 7 April 2019. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
^ "Is there more than one Premier League trophy?". Premier League. Archived from the original on 29 April 2014. Retrieved 29 April 2014.
^ Rumsby, Ben (28 April 2014). "Premier League consider borrowing a championship trophy as season heads for three-way climax". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 29 April 2014.
^ "Size and weight of the Barclays Premier League trophy". Premier League. 12 March 2010. Archived from the original on 12 January 2016. Retrieved 16 May 2012.
^ ^a ^b "The Premier League Trophy". Premier Skills. British Council. Archived from the original on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
^ "What makes the Barclays Premier League Trophy so special?". Barclays. Archived from the original on 22 November 2010. Retrieved 13 September 2010.
^ "Special trophy for Gunners". BBC Sport. 18 May 2004. Archived from the original on 21 August 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
^ "Season review 2009/10". Premier League. 13 May 2010. Archived from the original on 16 May 2010. Retrieved 15 September 2010.
^ Neale, Richard (7 May 2010). "Tottenham Hotspur's Sir Harry Redknapp is Premier League manager of season". The Times. Archived from the original on 31 May 2010. Retrieved 15 September 2010.
^ "Rooney named Barclays Player of the Season". The Independent. 10 May 2010. Archived from the original on 1 February 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
^ "TAG Heuer Young Player of the Season award launched". Premier League. 10 October 2019. Archived from the original on 10 October 2019. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
^ "New Premier League player award announced". Premier League. 18 April 2018. Archived from the original on 18 April 2018. Retrieved 16 May 2018.
^ "Chelsea scoop hat-trick of Barclays awards". Premier League. 13 May 2010. Archived from the original on 16 May 2010. Retrieved 15 September 2010.
^ "Premier League Castrol Game Changer of the Season award". Premier League. 24 May 2024. Retrieved 23 August 2024.
^ "Premier League Castrol Save of the Season award". Premier League. 24 May 2024. Retrieved 23 August 2024.
^ Preston, Rob (21 May 2024). "Oracle Cloud data analysis informs two Premier League awards". Oracle. Retrieved 23 August 2024.
^ "Premier League Milestones celebrate players' success". Premier League. 24 April 2018. Archived from the original on 18 November 2018. Retrieved 16 May 2018.
^ "20 Seasons Awards: The Winners". Premier League. 15 May 2012. Archived from the original on 18 May 2012. Retrieved 15 May 2012.

Bibliography

Hammam, Sam (14 January 2000). The Wimbledon We Have. London: Wimbledon FC.

External links

Official website (in English, Indonesian, Portuguese, Spanish, Thai, and Chinese)
Media related to FA Premier League at Wikimedia Commons

[found-100] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Founding member of the Premier League

[rel-101] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Never been relegated from the Premier League

[WW2-102] Reduced from 106 seasons due to WW2.

[fl-103] One of the original twelve Football League teams

[121] Number of teams still active from association in UEFA Champions League, UEFA Europa League or UEFA Conference League.

[122] European Performance Spots: The two associations with the highest one-year coefficient in the most recent season are awarded an additional berth in the Champions League league phase.

[lc-123] The champion of the league cup of England is given a place in the UEFA Conference League by special permission from UEFA (replacing the lowest-ranked league team which would have qualified).

[277] Initial £100 million plus a reported £15 million in bonuses

[279] Initial £100 million plus a reported £5 million in bonuses

[291] Fee was to be paid over time with an initial £75 million, plus another £15 million in additional bonuses.

[293] Initial £105 million plus reported £37 million bonuses

[295] Initial £100 million plus a reported £15 million in bonuses

[296] Initial £100 million plus a reported £5 million in bonuses

[298] Initial £89 million plus a reported £60 million in bonuses

[1] Between 2011 and 2019, at various intervals, the league featured two clubs from Wales, Cardiff City and Swansea City, who both play in the English football league system.

[2] 22 teams between 1992–1995.

[3] "When will goal-line technology be introduced?". Archived from the original on 9 July 2013. The total number of matches can be calculated using the formula n*(n-1) where n is the total number of teams.

[4] "Why is there a Saturday football blackout in the UK for live streams & TV broadcasts?". Goal India. Mumbai. Archived from the original on 2 May 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2022.

[5] Smith, Rory; Draper, Kevin; Panja, Tariq (9 February 2020). "The Long Search to Fill Soccer's Biggest, Toughest Job". The New York Times. London. Archived from the original on 9 February 2020. Retrieved 19 August 2021.

[AP-6] "English Premier League broadcast rights rise to $12 billion". Sky News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 19 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.

[7] "Sky and BT pay less in new £4.46bn Premier League football deal". Sky News. London. Archived from the original on 19 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.

[8] "Premier League agrees record £6.7bn domestic TV rights deal". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.

[9] "U.S. Deal Vaults Premier League International Rights Over Domestic Rights". Front Office Sports. 15 February 2022. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.

[Premier_League-10] "Premier League value of central payments to Clubs" (Press release). London: The Football Association Premier League Limited. 1 June 2017. Archived from the original on 14 June 2007. Retrieved 6 June 2017.

[Worldviews-11] "History and time are key to power of football, says Premier League chief". The Times. 3 July 2013. Archived from the original on 9 November 2016. Retrieved 3 July 2013.

[12] "Playing the game: The soft power of sport". British Council. Archived from the original on 10 October 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018.

[13] "English Premier League Performance Stats – 2023–24". ESPN. Retrieved 23 October 2024.

[14] Bundesliga 2024/24 » Zuschauer (in German) weltfussball.de, Spectator figures 2023–24 . Retrieved 23 October 2024

[15] "English Premier League Performance Stats – 2018–19". ESPN. Archived from the original on 16 August 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2018.

[16] Chard, Henry. "Your ground's too big for you! Which stadiums were closest to capacity in England last season?". Sky Sports. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 30 January 2016.

[17] uefa.com (6 May 2021). "Member associations – Country coefficients – UEFA.com". Archived from the original on 4 December 2019. Retrieved 6 May 2021.

[18] O, Gerard. "Champions League: What Country Has Been the Most Successful". Bleacher Report. Archived from the original on 2 May 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2022.

[19] "Premier League Competition Format & History | Premier League". Archived from the original on 24 July 2022. Retrieved 24 July 2022.

[20] "How long have Everton been in top-flight, which other clubs have never gone down". 14 May 2023. Archived from the original on 9 May 2023. Retrieved 9 May 2023.

[21] "1985: English teams banned after Heysel". BBC News. 31 May 1985. Archived from the original on 8 June 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2006.

[premsitehistory-22] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "A History of The Premier League". Premier League. Archived from the original on 18 November 2011. Retrieved 22 November 2007.

[23] "The Taylor Report". Football Network. Archived from the original on 16 October 2006. Retrieved 22 November 2007.

[taylor1-24] Taylor, Matthew (18 October 2013). The Association Game: A History of British Football. Routledge. p. 342. ISBN 9781317870081. Archived from the original on 16 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2017.

[25] Tongue, Steve (2016). Turf Wars: A History of London Football. Pitch Publishing. ISBN 9781785312489.^{[permanent dead link]}

[taylor-26] Taylor, Matthew (18 October 2013). The Association Game: A History of British Football. Routledge. p. 343. ISBN 9781317870081. Archived from the original on 19 February 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2017.

[leicester_tv-27] Crawford, Gerry. "Fact Sheet 8: British Football on Television". Centre for the Sociology of Sport, University of Leicester. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 10 August 2006.

[28] Lipton, Martin (5 October 2017). "Chapter 15: Mr Chairman". White Hart Lane: The Spurs Glory Years 1899–2017. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 9781409169284. Archived from the original on 16 July 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2018.

[29] "Super Ten Losing Ground". New Straits Times. 14 July 1988. Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2013.

[FLhistory-30] "The History of the Football League". The Football League. Archived from the original on 11 April 2008. Retrieved 12 September 2010.

[king-31] King, Anthony (2002). End of the Terraces: The Transformation of English Football. Leicester University Press. pp. 64–65. ISBN 978-0718502591. Archived from the original on 19 February 2024. Retrieved 4 July 2019.

[32] King, Anthony (2002). End of the Terraces: The Transformation of English Football. Leicester University Press. p. 103. ISBN 978-0718502591.

[Conn-33] Conn, David (4 September 2013). "Greg Dyke seems to forget his role in the Premier League's formation". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 16 August 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2018.

[34] "The Men who Changed Football". BBC News. 20 February 2001. Archived from the original on 17 March 2022. Retrieved 20 December 2018.

[Rodrigues-35] Rodrigues, Jason (2 February 2012). "Premier League football at 20: 1992, the start of a whole new ball game". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 January 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2018.

[36] MacInnes, Paul (23 July 2017). "Deceit, determination and Murdoch's millions: how Premier League was born". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 24 December 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2018.

[37] "In the matter of an agreement between the Football Association Premier League Limited and the Football Association Limited and the Football League Limited and their respective member clubs". HM Courts Service. 2006. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 8 August 2006.

[38] Lovejoy, Joe (2011). "3. The Big Kick-Off". Glory, Goals and Greed: Twenty Years of the Premier League. Random House. ISBN 978-1-78057-144-7.

[39] "Premiership 1992/93". Soccerbase. Archived from the original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved 16 October 2020.

[40] Shaw, Phil (17 August 1992). "The Premier Kick-Off: Ferguson's false start". The Independent. Archived from the original on 28 January 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2010.

[41] Northcroft, Jonathan (11 May 2008). "Breaking up the Premier League's Big Four". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 10 August 2011. Retrieved 26 May 2011.

[Bestofrest-42] "The best of the rest". Soccernet. ESPN. 29 January 2007. Archived from the original on 23 December 2007. Retrieved 27 November 2007.

[43] "Arsenal make history". BBC Sport. 15 May 2004. Archived from the original on 27 March 2009. Retrieved 16 September 2015.

[44] Platt, Oli (11 December 2018). "Arsenal Invincibles: How Wenger's 2003–04 Gunners went a season without defeat". Goal. Archived from the original on 11 January 2019. Retrieved 10 January 2019.

[45] "Power of top four concerns Keegan". BBC Sport. 6 May 2008. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 6 May 2008.

[46] "Scudamore defends 'boring' League". BBC Sport. 7 May 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2008. Retrieved 9 May 2008.

[ChampionsFinals-47] "UEFA Champions League – History: Finals by season". UEFA. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.

[48] "UEFA Europa League – History: Finals by season". UEFA. Archived from the original on 25 June 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.

[49] "Premier League All time – League Table" Archived 2 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Statbunker.com. Retrieved 1 February 2020

[Jolly-50] Jolly, Richard (11 August 2011). "Changing dynamics of the 'Big Six' in Premier League title race". The National. Archived from the original on 4 March 2017. Retrieved 18 August 2013.

[51] Smith, Rory (23 July 2010). "Champions League defeat could ruin Tottenham's season says Vedran Corluka". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 14 August 2014.

[52] "Alex McLeish says Aston Villa struggle to compete with top clubs". BBC Sport. 8 September 2011. Archived from the original on 19 February 2024. Retrieved 8 September 2011.

[53] De Menezes, Jack (11 May 2016). "Arsenal secure top-four finish for 20th straight season to reach Champions League after Manchester United defeat". The Independent. Archived from the original on 18 June 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2016.

[54] "Leicester City win Premier League title after Tottenham draw at Chelsea". BBC Sport. 2 May 2016. Archived from the original on 24 October 2018. Retrieved 22 March 2018.

[55] Conn, David (27 September 2017). "Premier League clubs aim to block rich six's bid for a bigger share of TV cash". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2017.

[56] Tweedale, Alistair (2 October 2017). "The changing shape of the Premier League: how the 'big six' are pulling away". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.

[57] Wilson, Bill (23 January 2018). "Manchester United remain football's top revenue-generator". BBC News. Archived from the original on 5 March 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2018.

[58] Conn, David (6 June 2018). "Premier League finances: the full club-by-club breakdown and verdict". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 9 December 2018. Retrieved 9 December 2018.

[59] "Deloitte Football Money League 2019: Real Madrid richest ahead of Barcelona and Manchester United". Sky News. 24 January 2019. Archived from the original on 24 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.

[60] MacInnes, Paul (9 August 2019). "VAR VAR voom! The Premier League gets set for video referees". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 16 November 2020.

[61] "Liverpool win Premier League: Reds' 30-year wait for top-flight title ends". BBC Sport. 25 June 2020.

[62] MacInnes, Paul; Hytner, David (11 October 2020). "Project Big Picture: leading clubs' plan to reshape game sparks anger". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 12 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.

[63] Menezes, Jack (11 October 2020). "'Project Big Picture' condemned by government as EFL chief launches defence of secret talks". The Independent. Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.

[64] Dorsett, Rob; Trehan, Dev (26 April 2021). "Wesley Fofana: Leicester defender thanks Premier League after being allowed to break Ramadan fast mid-game". Sky Sports. Archived from the original on 27 April 2021.

[65] "Premier League set for mid-season break". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 2 January 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2022.

[66] "How the 2022 World Cup will affect the 2022/23 Premier League season". talkSPORT. 2 April 2022. Archived from the original on 2 January 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2022.

[67] "Premier League players agree to stop taking a knee before every game". ESPN. 3 August 2022. Archived from the original on 3 August 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2022.

[68] Thomas-Humphreys, Harry (23 May 2023). "The last time Newcastle United played in the Champions League". Metro. Archived from the original on 28 May 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2023.

[69] "Brighton qualify for Europa League: 'Special times at a club on the rise'". BBC Sport. 24 May 2023. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.

[70] Hafez, Shamoon (28 May 2023). "What went wrong for Leicester City?". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 30 May 2023.

[71] "Man City take greatness to new heights with fourth straight Premier League title". ESPN.com. 19 May 2024.

[72] "Aston Villa qualify for Champions League: Unai Emery leads side into competition for first time since 1983". Sky Sports.

[73] "C-403/08 – Football Association Premier League and Others". curia.europa.eu. Archived from the original on 25 December 2011.

[74] "Terms & Conditions". Premier League. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015.

[75] "Privacy Policy". Premier League. Archived from the original on 1 July 2015.

[76] "Our relationship with the clubs". Premier League. Archived from the original on 14 November 2006. Retrieved 8 August 2006.

[77] "The Premier League and Other Football Bodies". Premier League. Archived from the original on 18 March 2006. Retrieved 12 September 2010.

[78] "Premier League chief executive Richard Masters given job on permanent basis". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2021.

[79] "Clubs vote unanimously to appoint Whitbread PLC CEO to the position from early 2023". Premier League. Archived from the original on 27 October 2022. Retrieved 27 October 2022.

[80] "ECA Members". European Club Association. Archived from the original on 11 March 2018. Retrieved 5 March 2024.

[81] "European Club Association: General Presentation". European Club Association. Archived from the original on 9 August 2010. Retrieved 7 September 2010.

[82] "Newcastle fans 'kept in the dark' by Premier League amid ongoing takeover". Sky Sports. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.

[83] Waugh, Chris; Slater, Matt. "Explained: the Premier League's letter about Newcastle's failed takeover". The Athletic. Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2020.

[SkySports3-84] "Newcastle takeover: Amanda Staveley wants UK Government and Premier League to make arbitration transparent". Sky Sports. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.

[85] "Dangers to English football 'very real', says chair of fan-led review into game". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.

[86] "English football needs independent regulator, says chair of fan-led review". The Guardian. 22 July 2021. Archived from the original on 7 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.

[87] "'Time to act': Former players demand independent regulator for football". The Guardian. 17 May 2021. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2021.

[88] "Antonio Conte calls Tottenham's January departures 'strange' and points to past mistakes made in the transfer window". UK: Sky Sports. Archived from the original on 4 February 2022. Retrieved 4 February 2022.

[89] "'I wouldn't go to another Premier League team' – Barcelona forward Luis Suarez refuses to rule out Liverpool return". talksport.com. talkSport. 12 February 2016. Archived from the original on 4 August 2022. Retrieved 4 August 2022.

[90] "Premier League Rule C.17 p.107". Premier League Handbook Season 2021/22 (PDF). The Football Association Premier League Limited. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 September 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2022.

[91] Baxter, Kevin (14 May 2016). "There are millions of reasons to want a promotion and avoid relegation in the English Premier League". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 11 February 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2018.

[92] Fisher, Ben (9 May 2018). "Fulham lead march of heavyweights in £200m Championship play-offs". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.

[93] Barclay, Patrick (14 August 1994). "F.A. Premiership: Free spirits set to roam". The Guardian. ProQuest 293505497.

[evolved-94] Miller, Nick (15 August 2017). "How the Premier League has evolved in 25 years to become what it is today". ESPN. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2018.

[95] "Fifa wants 18-team Premier League". BBC Sport. 8 June 2006. Archived from the original on 28 June 2006. Retrieved 8 August 2006.

[96] "English Premier League Table 2007-08". ESPN. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2018.

[97] "Video Assistant Referees Explained | VAR". Premier League. 1 June 2020. Archived from the original on 24 August 2021. Retrieved 13 March 2023.

[98] Kolbinger, Otto; Knopp, Melanie (9 December 2020). "Video kills the sentiment—Exploring fans' reception of the video assistant referee in the English premier league using Twitter data". PLOS ONE. 15 (12): e0242728. Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1542728K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0242728. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 7725346. PMID 33296406.

[99] "Clubs". Premier League. Archived from the original on 3 December 2018. Retrieved 25 January 2018.

[104] Wathan, Chris (12 May 2011). "Rodgers looking for his Swans to peak in play-offs and reach Premier League summit". Western Mail. p. 50.

[105] "Swansea wins promotion to EPL". ESPN. Associated Press. 30 May 2011. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2013.

[106] Herbert, Ian (21 August 2011). "Vorm is man in form to save Swans". The Independent. Archived from the original on 19 September 2011. Retrieved 22 August 2011.

[107] "Cardiff Becomes Second Welsh Team in English Premier League". The Sports Network. Associated Press. 16 April 2013. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 29 June 2013.

[108] "Cardiff City relegation: Fans left singing the blues". BBC News. 3 May 2014. Archived from the original on 14 February 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2018.

[109] "Premier League: Liverpool finish fourth as Swansea are relegated". BBC Sport. 13 May 2018. Archived from the original on 20 October 2018. Retrieved 13 May 2018.

[110] "Cardiff City relegated: Defeat against Crystal Palace relegates Bluebirds and seals Brighton's survival". The Independent. 4 May 2019. Archived from the original on 6 May 2019. Retrieved 6 June 2019.

[111] "Swans end Bantams fairytale". ESPN FC. 24 February 2013. Archived from the original on 27 February 2013. Retrieved 30 June 2013.

[112] "Uefa give Swansea and Cardiff European assurance". BBC Sport. 21 March 2012. Archived from the original on 7 January 2016. Retrieved 24 January 2013.

[thewimbledonwehave-113] Hammam 2000, p. 3

[mihirbose-114] Bose, Mihir (16 August 2001). "Hammam cast in villain's role as Dons seek happy ending". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 21 April 2013. Retrieved 31 October 2009.

[DublinDonsIndo230198-115] "Hammam meets grass-roots on whistle-stop tour". Irish Independent. 23 January 1998. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2013.

[DublinDonsIndo100698-116] Quinn, Philip (10 June 1998). "'Dublin Dons on way' Hammam". Irish Independent. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2013.

[strachan-117] Ziegler, Martyn; Esplin, Ronnie (10 April 2013). "Celtic and Rangers will join European super league, says Scotland manager Gordon Strachan". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 21 May 2013.

[118] "European qualification for UEFA competitions explained". Premier League. Archived from the original on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 12 February 2021.

[119] "Member associations - UEFA rankings - Country coefficients – UEFA". UEFA. 26 September 2024. Archived from the original on 4 December 2019. Retrieved 2 January 2023.

[120] "UEFA Country Ranking 2023". kassiesa.net. Archived from the original on 14 February 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2023.

[124] "Liverpool get in Champions League". BBC Sport. 10 June 2005. Archived from the original on 12 April 2012. Retrieved 11 December 2007.

[125] "EXCO approves new coefficient system". UEFA. 20 May 2008. Archived from the original on 21 May 2008. Retrieved 12 September 2010.

[126] "Jubilant Chelsea parade Champions League trophy". CNN International. 21 May 2012. Archived from the original on 3 March 2013. Retrieved 11 January 2013.

[127] "Added bonus for UEFA Europa League winners". UEFA.org. Union of European Football Associations. 24 May 2013. Archived from the original on 22 September 2015. Retrieved 11 January 2020.

[128] "Europa League win earns Manchester United a Champions League spot". UEFA. 24 May 2017. Archived from the original on 10 April 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2020.

[:0-129] "UEFA Champions League Finals 1956–2021". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 12 August 2022. Retrieved 29 May 2022.

[130] "UEFA Cup: All-time finals". UEFA. 30 June 2005. Archived from the original on 9 March 2008. Retrieved 15 March 2008.

[venue-131] Ross, James M. (31 May 1999). "European Cup Winners' Cup Finals 1961–99". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 8 July 2010.

[132] Vieli, André (2014). UEFA: 60 years at the heart of football (PDF). Nyon: Union des Associations Européennes de Football. p. 45. doi:10.22005/bcu.175315. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2021.

[UECL-133] "UEFA Europa Conference League: all you need to know". 3 December 2020. Archived from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2023.

[UEFA-134] "UEFA Intertoto Cup history". UEFA. Archived from the original on 3 May 2006. Retrieved 7 June 2006.

[135] "English clubs pay for Intertoto fiasco". The Independent. 16 December 1995. Archived from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 9 May 2023.

[Risolo-136] Risolo, Don (2010). Soccer Stories: Anecdotes, Oddities, Lore, and Amazing Feats Archived 26 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine p.109. U of Nebraska Press. Retrieved 29 February 2012.

[137] "UEFA Super Cup History". UEFA.com. Union of European Football Associations. July 2021. Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2022.

[Intercontinental_Club_Cup-138] "Intercontinental Club Cup". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 12 August 2022. Retrieved 28 May 2023.

[Corinthians-139] "Futebol: Titulos" [Football: Titles] (in Portuguese). Sport Club Corinthians Paulista. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 4 March 2013.

[140] "Premier League and Barclays Announce Competition Name Change" (PDF). Premier League. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 22 November 2006.

[141] "Barclays nets Premier League deal". BBC News. 27 September 2006. Archived from the original on 22 April 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2010.

[142] "Barclays renews Premier sponsorship". Premier League. 23 October 2009. Archived from the original on 25 October 2009. Retrieved 23 October 2009.

[espn-notitlesponsor-143] "Premier League closes door on title sponsorship from 2016 to 2017 season". ESPN FC. Press Association. Archived from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 7 June 2015.

[partners-144] "Partners". Premier League. Archived from the original on 13 August 2010. Retrieved 7 September 2010.

[145] Northcroft, Jonathan (4 October 2009). "The Premier League's goal rush". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 18 September 2011. Retrieved 7 September 2010.

[Topps-146] "Topps". Premier League.com. Archived from the original on 6 October 2018. Retrieved 5 October 2018.

[147] "Impressive sales figures show Topps Match Attax to be an immediate hit". Talking Retail.com. Archived from the original on 6 October 2018. Retrieved 6 October 2018.

[148] "Panini lands worldwide Premier League card, sticker exclusive starting in 2019–20". Beckett News. Retrieved 29 September 2019.

[149] "Cadbury and Premier League enter partnership". Premier League. 24 January 2017. Archived from the original on 5 June 2019. Retrieved 5 June 2019.

[150] "New Premier League player award announced". Premier League. 18 April 2018. Archived from the original on 18 April 2018. Retrieved 16 May 2018.

[151] "Premier League announces partnership with Castrol". Premier League. 24 November 2021. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.

[152] "Premier League wages keep on rising, Deloitte says". BBC News. 9 June 2011. Archived from the original on 30 July 2016. Retrieved 13 August 2012.

[Revenues-153] "English Premier League generates highest revenue, German Bundesliga most profitable". The Observer. 10 June 2010. Archived from the original on 24 June 2010. Retrieved 20 September 2010.

[154] Jakeman, Mike (25 March 2015). "Unbelievably, the Premier League is becoming profitable". Quartz. Archived from the original on 27 March 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015.

[Enterprise_Award-155] "Prestigious Award for Premier League". Premier League. 21 April 2010. Archived from the original on 22 April 2010. Retrieved 21 April 2010.

[Deloitte0809-156] "Top 20 clubs Deloitte Football Money League 2011". Deloitte. Archived from the original on 30 November 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2013.

[157] "Deloitte Football Money League 18th Edition" (PDF). January 2015. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 January 2015. Retrieved 14 November 2015.

[158] Austin, Simon (18 December 2012). "Premier League clubs agree new cost controls". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2013.

[guardian-159] Conn, David (10 May 2006). "Rich clubs forced to give up a sliver of the TV pie". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 26 May 2006. Retrieved 8 August 2006.

[160] Brewin, John (4 July 2005). "1997/98 – Season Review". Soccernet. ESPN. Archived from the original on 23 December 2007. Retrieved 29 November 2007.

[161] "Championship clubs to lose out as Premier League parachute and solidarity payments cut". Gazette Live. Archived from the original on 24 February 2020. Retrieved 20 November 2019.

[Guardian_Sport-162] "Richard Scudamore takes big stick to Championship over parachute money". The Guardian. 16 May 2013. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 12 December 2016.

[BBC_Sport-163] "Premier League's relegated clubs to receive £60m boost". BBC Sport. 16 April 2013. Archived from the original on 7 April 2015. Retrieved 12 February 2018.

[164] James, Stuart (5 August 2006). "Why clubs may risk millions for riches at the end of the rainbow". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 10 March 2007. Retrieved 13 August 2006.

[165] Bailey, Ben; Whyte, Patrick (19 March 2009). "Premier League casualties – clubs that have struggled since relegation". Evening Standard. Daily Mail & General Trust. Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved 7 April 2009.

[166] "Down again: Leicester's relegation horror". The Daily Telegraph. 5 May 2008. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 7 April 2009.

[167] Branded BT Sport until 2023

[168] Blythe, Nils (2 March 2010). "Why TV is the key to Real success". BBC News. Archived from the original on 5 March 2010. Retrieved 14 September 2010.

[169] "Frequently asked questions about the F.A. Premier League, (How are television revenues distributed to Premier League clubs?)". Premier League. Archived from the original on 26 November 2007. Retrieved 11 December 2007.

[170] Harris, Nick (23 March 2010). "Premier League nets £1.4bn TV rights bonanza". The Independent. Archived from the original on 26 March 2010. Retrieved 12 September 2010.

[171] Murphy, Mike. "The most popular sport in the UK is barely on television, even during the holidays". Quartz. Archived from the original on 7 August 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2017.

[:1-172] "Why UK fans will not be able to watch Barcelona vs Real Madrid". The Independent. 12 October 2016. Archived from the original on 7 August 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2017.

[guardian-fightback-173] MacInnes, Paul (29 March 2017). "Premier League launches major fightback against illegal streaming". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 7 August 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2017.

[fgrc-174] "BSkyB Timeline". BSkyB. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2009.

[175] "Premier League launches international rights tender". SportBusiness. SBG Companies Ltd. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 12 September 2010.

[176] "BBC keeps Premiership highlights". BBC Sport. 8 June 2006. Archived from the original on 21 June 2006. Retrieved 8 August 2006.

[177] Bond, David (26 May 2006). "TV deal pays another £84m". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 8 August 2006.

[178] "Premiership in new £625m TV deal". BBC News. 18 January 2007. Archived from the original on 24 May 2007. Retrieved 3 June 2007.

[179] "Premier League clubs benefit from new overseas TV deal". BBC Sport. 30 March 2010. Archived from the original on 12 January 2016. Retrieved 11 September 2010.

[180] Harris, Nick (12 January 1999). "Football: High Court countdown: Battle begins for football's future". The Independent. Archived from the original on 1 February 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2010.

[181] "BSkyB investigation: alleged infringement of the Chapter II prohibition" (PDF). Office of Fair Trading. 17 December 2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 August 2006. Retrieved 11 September 2010.

[182] "Sport and European Competition Policy" (PDF). European Commission Directorate-General IV – Competition. 1999. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 August 2006. Retrieved 8 August 2006.

[183] "BBC renews Match of the Day deal". BBC Sport. 25 May 2012. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2012.

[184] "New Television Rights". BBC News. 6 February 2009. Archived from the original on 23 April 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2010.

[185] "ESPN win Premier League rights". Premier League. 22 June 2009. Archived from the original on 24 June 2009. Retrieved 22 June 2009.

[186] "Premier League rights sold to BT and BSkyB for £3bn". BBC News. 13 June 2012. Archived from the original on 9 August 2013. Retrieved 21 June 2018.

[187] "Premier League TV rights: Sky and BT pay £5.1bn for live games". BBC Sport. 10 February 2015. Archived from the original on 11 February 2015. Retrieved 10 February 2015.

[188] "Premier League TV rights: Five of seven live packages sold for £4.464bn". BBC Sport. 13 February 2018. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2020.

[189] "Premier League TV rights: Amazon to show 20 matches a season from 2019 to 2022". BBC News. 7 June 2018. Archived from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2019.

[190] "Amazon's Premier League production goes to BT and Sunset+Vine". SportsPro Media. 22 March 2019. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2019.

[191] "Premier League to resume on 17th June with Man City v Arsenal". SportsPro Media. 29 May 2020. Archived from the original on 13 July 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2020.

[192] "Amazon's four Premier League matches to be made available free". SportsPro Media. 3 June 2020. Archived from the original on 3 June 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2020.

[193] "Amazon's Premier League games to air on Twitch for free". SportsPro Media. Archived from the original on 10 July 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2020.

[194] "Premier League to resume on 17th June with Man City v Arsenal". SportsPro Media. Archived from the original on 13 July 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2020.

[195] Rosser, Jack (8 September 2020). "Premier League clubs to agree to matches on live TV until fans return". Evening Standard. Archived from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2020.

[196] "All 28 Premier League games in September to be broadcast live in UK". SportsPro Media. 8 September 2020. Archived from the original on 12 October 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2020.

[197] "Plan will drive fans to illegal streams". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 12 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.

[198] "BBC and Amazon to air games as Premier League ends PPV experiment". SportsPro Media. 13 November 2020. Archived from the original on 16 November 2020. Retrieved 18 November 2020.

[199] Kilpatrick, Dan (20 October 2020). "Tottenham fans join support for food banks over Premier League PPVs". Evening Standard. Archived from the original on 22 November 2020. Retrieved 18 November 2020.

[200] Collings, Simon (26 October 2020). "Arsenal fans raise £34k for Islington Giving charity in PPV boycott". Evening Standard. Archived from the original on 16 November 2020. Retrieved 18 November 2020.

[201] "League secures approval in principle for renewals with UK broadcast partners". Premier League. 13 May 2021. Archived from the original on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.

[202] Writer, Senior Staff. "Why is BT Sport changing to TNT Sports?". Tech Advisor. Archived from the original on 25 May 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.

[203] "The Premier League Football Show". BBC Sport. August 2016. Archived from the original on 26 January 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2019.

[204] Flanagan, Chris (19 January 2016). "Inside Premier League Productions: the company you know nothing about servicing 730m homes every matchday". FourFourTwo. London: Future plc. Archived from the original on 10 August 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.

[205] "ESPN-Star extends pact with FA Premier League". Business Line. 21 March 2004. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 9 August 2006.

[:02-206] "Disney Star renews English Premier League broadcast rights for next three seasons". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 17 March 2022.

[207] "Premier League extends broadcast partnership with beIN SPORTS until 2025" (Press release). Doha: BeIN Media Group. 10 January 2021. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.

[208] Frater, Patrick (22 July 2021). "China's iQiyi Signs English Premier League Soccer Rights Deal". Variety. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.

[209] "iQiyi Sports sublicenses Premier League rights to Migu". SportsMint Media. 16 August 2021. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.

[210] Dixon, Ed (2 August 2022). "Premier League returning to CCTV in China". SportsPro. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.

[211] Siracusa, Claire (3 November 2015). "Optus snatches English Premier League rights from Fox Sports in Australia". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney: Nine Entertainment. Archived from the original on 29 December 2017. Retrieved 14 January 2017.

[212] Houpt, Simon (13 January 2022). "fuboTV buys Canadian rights to English Premier League". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2023.

[213] Davidson, Neil. "Streaming service DAZN makes English Premier League broadcast deal official". The Globe and Mail. The Canadian Press. Archived from the original on 29 May 2020. Retrieved 11 June 2019.

[214] Goff, Steven. "English Premier League gets a big American stage on NBC". The Washington Post. Washington. Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 17 August 2014.

[Sports_Media_Watch-215] Paulsen (28 May 2015). "Premier League Viewership Up in Year Two on NBC". Sports Media Watch. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2015.

[216] Yoder, Matt (11 August 2015). "NBC and the English Premier League will continue the best marriage in sports media". Awful Announcing. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2015.

[217] Rashid, Saad (28 July 2015). "NBC Sports deserves new Premier League rights deal". World Soccer Talk. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2015.

[218] "NBC retains Premier League rights until 2021–22 season". ESPN. Associated Press. 10 August 2015. Archived from the original on 9 November 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2015.

[U.S.Value-219] Sandomir, Richard (10 August 2015). "NBC Retains Rights to Premier League in Six-Year Deal". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 12 August 2015. Retrieved 13 August 2015.

[220] Hayes, Dade (18 November 2021). "NBCUniversal Extends Premier League Rights Through 2028". Deadline. Los Angeles: Penske Corporation. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 18 November 2021.

[221] "NBC keeps Premier League U.S. broadcast rights in 6-year, $2.7 billion deal". CNBC. New York: NBCUniversal. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 19 November 2021.

[222] "Premier League renews partnership with Supersport" (Press release). London: Premier League Productions. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 18 November 2021.

[223] "Canal+ Renouvelle Les Droits Du Championnat Anglais Dans Son Intégralité!" (Press release) (in French). Paris: Groupe Canal+. 9 July 2021. Archived from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021.

[224] "Sky bleibt bis 2025 das Zuhause der Premier League in Österreich" (Press release). Munich: Sky Deutschland. 9 June 2021. Archived from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 18 July 2021.

[225] "Матч Тв" Стал Эксклюзивным Вещателем Английской Премьер-лиги!". Match TV. 23 July 2021. Archived from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2021.

[ITA-226] "La Premier League solo su Sky Sport e NOW fino al 2025" (Press release) (in Italian). Milan: Sky Italia. 29 May 2022. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2023.

[227] "Eleven Portugal Secures Exclusive Premier League Rights From 2022 To 2025" (Press release). London: Eleven Sports. 29 September 2021. Archived from the original on 20 November 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2021.

[228] "DAZN seguirá emitiendo la Premier League en España hasta 2025" (Press release) (in Spanish). Madrid: DAZN Spain. 13 July 2021. Archived from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021.

[229] "Premier League önümüzdeki sezondan itibaren beIN SPORTS'ta!" (Press release) (in Turkish). Istanbul: beIN Sports Turkey. 25 August 2021. Archived from the original on 25 August 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021.

[230] "Spectacolul Premier League revine la Digi Sport". Digi Sport. 15 December 2021. Archived from the original on 11 December 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.

[231] "NENT Group secures int'l Premier League rights in six-year deal" (Press release). Stockholm: Vivaplay Group. 6 February 2020. Archived from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2021.

[232] "NENT Group wins Premier League rights in the Netherlands, Poland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania from 2022 to 2028" (Press release). Stockholm: Vivaplay Group. 7 July 2021. Archived from the original on 7 July 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2021.

[233] "ESPN adquirió los derechos exclusivos de la Premier League por tres temporadas para Sudamérica de habla hispana" (Press release). Buenos Aires: [[ESPN Latin America]|ESPN]]. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2021.

[234] Francischini, Guto (2 February 2022). "ESPN e Premier League renovam direitos exclusivos por mais três temporadas na América do Sul" (Press release) (in Brazilian Portuguese). São Paulo: ESPN. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.

[235] "ESPN dividirá Campeonato Inglês com Fox; saiba onde assistir cada jogo". UOL (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 23 January 2022. Retrieved 20 November 2021.

[236] Lang, Jamie (13 January 2022). "Premier League Soccer Finds Central American Home With Paramount Plus". Variety. Los Angeles: Penske Corporation. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.

[237] "What's new for 2023/24? Five Premier League updates for the new season!". West Ham United FC. 9 August 2023. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.

[238] Fox, Norman (18 April 1999). "Football: Fayed's race against time". The Independent. Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 14 September 2010.

[239] Slater, Matt (14 March 2007). "Call grows for return of terraces". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 16 August 2017. Retrieved 28 May 2009.

[Matchmood-240] Whyatt, Chris (3 January 2008). "Match-going mood killers?". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 6 January 2008. Retrieved 15 September 2010.

[241] Buraimo, Babatunde; Simmons, Rob (2006). "Market size and attendance in English Premier League football" (PDF). Lancaster University Management School Working Paper. 2006/003. Lancaster University Management School. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2018.

[2022/23_Attendance-242] "Premier League attendances at record high as crowds swell across the pyramid". The Times. 11 June 2023. Archived from the original on 11 December 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.

[243] "Football Stats Results for 1992–1993 Premiership". football.co.uk. DigitalSportsGroup. Archived from the original on 2 January 2007. Retrieved 10 August 2006.

[244] "Fact Sheet 2: Football Stadia After Taylor". University of Leicester. Archived from the original on 26 June 2006. Retrieved 10 August 2006.

[245] "Shifting stands". Soccernet. ESPN. 27 July 2005. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2006.

[246] "Is the Premier League about to break a 70-year-old attendance record?". All Football. 15 December 2019. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.

[247] Hughes, Matt; Hughes, Exclusive by Matt (23 October 2024). "Football regulator given power to block Premier League stadium sales". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 23 October 2024.

[248] Bate, Adam (11 February 2022). "Pep Guardiola interview: 'Everyone wants to copy the winner but it is a big mistake,' says Man City head coach". UK: Sky Sports. Archived from the original on 11 February 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2022.

[249] Kelly, Seamus; Harris, John (2010). "Managers, directors and trust in professional football". Sport in Society: Cultures, Commerce, Media, Politics. 13 (3): 489–502. doi:10.1080/17430431003588150. ISSN 1743-0437. S2CID 144429767.

[licences-250] White, Duncan (5 December 2005). "The Knowledge". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 13 October 2010.

[251] Hughes, Matt; Samuel, Martin (22 September 2007). "Avram Grant's job under threat from lack of Uefa licence". The Times. Archived from the original on 10 August 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2010.

[252] "Longest serving managers". League Managers Association. Archived from the original on 7 February 2015. Retrieved 14 September 2010.

[253] "Soccernomics: Does sacking the manager actually make a difference?". FourFourTwo. 13 March 2016. Archived from the original on 11 December 2017. Retrieved 14 December 2017.

[blstats-254] "Premier League Statistics". Premier League. Archived from the original on 4 January 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2024.

[255] "Premier League rules" (PDF). Premier League. 2010. p. 150. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2010.

[PLHomeGrownPlayerRules16Jul2010-256] "Home Grown Player rules". Premier League. 16 July 2010. Archived from the original on 13 August 2010. Retrieved 5 August 2010.

[BBC27July2010NewRules-257] "New Premier League squad rules explained". BBC Sport. 27 July 2010. Archived from the original on 12 January 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2010.

[258] Atkinson, Ron (23 August 2002). "England need to stem the foreign tide". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 10 July 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2006.

[259] Ingle, Sean (12 June 2001). "Phil Neal: King of Europe?". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 4 October 2009. Retrieved 10 August 2006.

[260] "Wenger backs non-English line-up". BBC Sport. 14 February 2005. Archived from the original on 3 August 2013. Retrieved 10 August 2006.

[261] Williams, Ollie (17 August 2009). "Where the Premier League's players come from". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 12 January 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2010.

[262] "Samatta adds Tanzania to Premier League nations". Premier League. Archived from the original on 1 February 2020. Retrieved 1 February 2020.

[263] "New Work Permit Criteria for Football Players Announced". Department for Education and Employment. 2 July 1999. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 1 July 2007.

[HOworkpermits-264] "Work permit arrangements for football players". Home Office. Archived from the original on 26 September 2006. Retrieved 1 July 2007.

[265] "Plan agreed on entry requirements for overseas players in England post-Brexit in 2021". The Football Association. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2021.

[266] "Premier League player stats". Premier League. Archived from the original on 4 January 2017. Retrieved 7 April 2024.

[267] Whooley, Declan (23 December 2013). "Will Luis Suarez break the Premier League goal scoring record this season?". Irish Independent. Archived from the original on 12 May 2019. Retrieved 15 August 2014.

[268] "Players by Statistic". Premier League. Archived from the original on 3 July 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2013.

[269] "Premier League Golden Boot award winners". Premier League. 20 May 2020. Archived from the original on 19 July 2020. Retrieved 21 July 2020.

[270] "Premier League records". football.co.uk. DigitalSportsGroup. 24 March 2008. Archived from the original on 1 December 2009. Retrieved 13 September 2010.

[271] "Ryan Giggs goal makes him only person to score in all PL seasons trivia". SportBusiness. SBG Companies Ltd. Archived from the original on 13 September 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2009.

[272] "Premier League Player Stats: Assists – All Seasons". Premier League. Archived from the original on 15 September 2017. Retrieved 19 November 2021.

[273] "Forty factors fuelling football inflation". The Guardian. 31 July 2003. Archived from the original on 18 August 2006. Retrieved 8 August 2006.

[274] "Global Sports Salaries Survey 2018". Sporting Intelligence. 27 November 2018. Archived from the original on 27 November 2018. Retrieved 27 November 2018.

[OSMtransfers-275] "From £250,000 to £29.1m". The Observer. 5 March 2006. Archived from the original on 3 December 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2007.

[276] "Enzo Fernandez transfer news: Chelsea complete British record £107m fee for Benfica midfielder". BBC Sport. 1 February 2023. Archived from the original on 1 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.

[Steinberg-278] Steinberg, Jacob (14 August 2023). "Chelsea complete Moisés Caicedo signing in British record £115m deal". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 14 August 2023. Retrieved 14 August 2023.

[280] "Arsenal sign Rice in club-record £105m deal". Sky Sports. 17 July 2023. Archived from the original on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 12 August 2023.

[:7-281] "Jack Grealish: Man City sign England midfielder from Aston Villa for £100m". BBC Sport. 5 August 2021. Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 5 August 2021.

[282] "Chelsea re-sign Lukaku for club record £97.5m". BBC Sport. 12 August 2021. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2021.

[283] "Chelsea confirm Romelu Lukaku signing from Inter in €115m deal". The Guardian. 12 August 2021. Archived from the original on 22 June 2022. Retrieved 12 August 2021.

[284] "Official: Pogba signs for Man Utd for €105m". Football Italia. 8 August 2016. Archived from the original on 20 August 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2016.

[285] "Paul Pogba: Manchester United re-sign France midfielder for world-record £89m". BBC Sport. 8 August 2016. Archived from the original on 3 May 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2016.

[286] Rej, Arindam (8 August 2016). "Paul Pogba completes record transfer to Manchester United from Juventus". ESPN. Archived from the original on 22 April 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2016.

[287] "Antony: Manchester United agree to sign Ajax winger for £81.3m". BBC Sport. 30 August 2022. Archived from the original on 30 August 2022. Retrieved 30 August 2022.

[:2-288] "Harry Maguire: Man Utd sign Leicester defender for world record £80m". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 5 August 2019. Retrieved 5 August 2019.

[:3-289] "Transferts : Harry Maguire, le défenseur le plus cher de l'histoire, à Manchester United pour six ans" (in French). L'Equipe. Archived from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2019.

[290] "Josko Gvardiol: Manchester City sign Croatia centre-back from RB Leipzig". BBC Sport. 5 August 2023. Archived from the original on 5 August 2023. Retrieved 5 August 2023.

[292] "Romelu Lukaku: Man Utd sign Everton striker for initial £75m on five year deal". BBC Sport. 10 July 2017. Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 14 February 2018.

[294] Jones, Matt (6 January 2018). "Philippe Coutinho Completes £142 Million Barcelona Transfer". Bleacher Report. Archived from the original on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 12 August 2023.

[297] "Arsenal sign Rice in club-record £105m deal". Sky Sports. 17 July 2023. Archived from the original on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 12 August 2023.

[299] "Eden Hazars transfer deal agreed". 7 June 2019. Archived from the original on 5 September 2019. Retrieved 30 July 2019.

[300] "Harry Kane joins Bayern Munich ending record-breaking Tottenham career". BBC Sport. 12 August 2023. Archived from the original on 12 August 2023. Retrieved 12 August 2023.

[contractleak-301] "Gareth Bale contract leak sparks panic at Real Madrid – and agent's fury". The Daily Telegraph. No. 21 January 2016. 21 January 2016. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.

[302] "Spurs accept £85m Bale bid". BBC Sport. 1 August 2013. Archived from the original on 8 February 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2013.

[303] "Man Utd accept £80m Ronaldo bid". BBC Sport. 11 June 2009. Archived from the original on 5 October 2018. Retrieved 2 September 2014.

[304] Ogden, Mark (11 June 2009). "Cristiano Ronaldo transfer: Real Madrid agree £80 million fee with Manchester United". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2010.

[:4-305] "Romelu Lukaku: Man Utd sign Everton striker for initial £75m on five year deal". BBC Sport. 10 July 2017. Archived from the original on 13 June 2018. Retrieved 30 August 2018.

[:5-306] "Romelu Lukaku signs for Man United to complete switch from Everton". ESPN. 10 July 2017. Archived from the original on 12 July 2017. Retrieved 10 July 2017.

[:6-307] Ducker, James (10 July 2017). "Romelu Lukaku completes Manchester United move in deal that could reach world record £90m". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 10 July 2017.

[308] "Virgil van Dijk: Liverpool to sign Southampton defender for world record £75m". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 7 April 2019. Retrieved 28 December 2017.

[309] "Is there more than one Premier League trophy?". Premier League. Archived from the original on 29 April 2014. Retrieved 29 April 2014.

[310] Rumsby, Ben (28 April 2014). "Premier League consider borrowing a championship trophy as season heads for three-way climax". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 29 April 2014.

[311] "Size and weight of the Barclays Premier League trophy". Premier League. 12 March 2010. Archived from the original on 12 January 2016. Retrieved 16 May 2012.

[Trophy-312] "The Premier League Trophy". Premier Skills. British Council. Archived from the original on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 22 January 2013.

[313] "What makes the Barclays Premier League Trophy so special?". Barclays. Archived from the original on 22 November 2010. Retrieved 13 September 2010.

[314] "Special trophy for Gunners". BBC Sport. 18 May 2004. Archived from the original on 21 August 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2017.

[315] "Season review 2009/10". Premier League. 13 May 2010. Archived from the original on 16 May 2010. Retrieved 15 September 2010.

[316] Neale, Richard (7 May 2010). "Tottenham Hotspur's Sir Harry Redknapp is Premier League manager of season". The Times. Archived from the original on 31 May 2010. Retrieved 15 September 2010.

[poty2010-317] "Rooney named Barclays Player of the Season". The Independent. 10 May 2010. Archived from the original on 1 February 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2011.

[318] "TAG Heuer Young Player of the Season award launched". Premier League. 10 October 2019. Archived from the original on 10 October 2019. Retrieved 7 August 2020.

[319] "New Premier League player award announced". Premier League. 18 April 2018. Archived from the original on 18 April 2018. Retrieved 16 May 2018.

[320] "Chelsea scoop hat-trick of Barclays awards". Premier League. 13 May 2010. Archived from the original on 16 May 2010. Retrieved 15 September 2010.

[321] "Premier League Castrol Game Changer of the Season award". Premier League. 24 May 2024. Retrieved 23 August 2024.

[322] "Premier League Castrol Save of the Season award". Premier League. 24 May 2024. Retrieved 23 August 2024.

[323] Preston, Rob (21 May 2024). "Oracle Cloud data analysis informs two Premier League awards". Oracle. Retrieved 23 August 2024.

[324] "Premier League Milestones celebrate players' success". Premier League. 24 April 2018. Archived from the original on 18 November 2018. Retrieved 16 May 2018.

[325] "20 Seasons Awards: The Winners". Premier League. 15 May 2012. Archived from the original on 18 May 2012. Retrieved 15 May 2012.

[z 1]

[z 2]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

[42]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[47]

[48]

[49]

[50]

[51]

[52]

[53]

[54]

[55]

[56]

[57]

[58]

[59]

[60]

[61]

[62]

[63]

[64]

[65]

[66]

[67]

[68]

[69]

[70]

[71]

[72]

[73]

[74]

[75]

[76]

[77]

[78]

[79]

[80]

[81]

[82]

[83]

[84]

[85]

[86]

[87]

[88]

[89]

[90]

[91]

[92]

[93]

[94]

[95]

[96]

[97]

[v 1]

Authority control databases
International	VIAF
National	Czech Republic