Bassam Shakaa
Bassam Shakaa | |
|---|---|
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| Mayor of Nablus | |
| In office 1976–1982 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1930 Nablus, Mandatory Palestine |
| Died | July 2019 (aged 88–89) Nablus, Palestine |
Bassam Shakaa (Arabic: بسّام الشكعة, romanized: Bassām al-Shak’ā) (1930 – 22 July 2019) was mayor of Nablus from 1976 to 1982.
Biography
[edit]Early life
[edit]Bassam Shakaa was a member of a distinguished family in Nablus.
He became a member of the Jordanian regional branch of the Ba'ath Party in the early 1950s and as a consequence was wanted by Jordanian authorities, forcing him to flee to Syria. He was one of the fierce critics of Syria's independence from the United Arab Republic and after being jailed by the Syrian authorities following his resignation from the Ba'ath Party because of the 1966 split within the Ba'ath movement. Following his release, he moved to Egypt until amnesty from the Jordanian government when he moved back to his hometown of Nablus.
Mayor of Nablus
[edit]In 1976 he was elected mayor of Nablus,[1] a position he held until 1982,[2] when all Palestinian mayors were replaced with Israeli local governors. Shakaa had been a Palestine Liberation Organisation supporter and outspoken critic of the Camp David accords, and was subsequently issued an expulsion order in 1979. He was also a member at this time of the National Guidance Committee.[3]
On June 2, 1980, he was the victim of a car bombing by members of the Jewish Underground.[4][5] They also planted bombs in the cars of Ibrahim Tawil, mayor of El-Bireh, and Karim Khalaf, mayor of Ramallah. Khalaf lost one leg, while Shakaa had to have both legs amputated. Moshe Zer, one of the first Israeli settlers in the northern West Bank, led the Jewish Underground "hit team" that tried to assassinate Shakaa. Zer was convicted of causing grievous injury and belonging to a terror group, but was sentenced to only four months in prison, the time he was in jail awaiting trial, because of the state of his health and the fact that he was badly injured in an attempt of a Palestinian to murder him.[6]
In the spring of 1982, the Israeli administration removed Shakaa as mayor and installed an army officer who ran the city for the following three-and-a-half years.[7]
Later life
[edit]Following his mayorship, Shakaa remained a strong supporter of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and continued his resistance against Israeli governance. The Oslo Accords were a blow to the resistance Shakaa and his contemporaries put up against Israeli governance during their time in mayorship and he was as outspoken against Oslo and the Palestinian Authority (PA) as he was against the agreement reached at Camp David in 1978.[8] He remained a supporter of resistance, both violent and non-violent, against Israeli occupation and maintained his anti-normalization position, opposing negotiations.
In 1999, the Palestinian Authority put him under house arrest following "The 20 Declaration", which was signed by 20 anti-PA figures, criticizing the line the PA was going down and calling for an end to the Oslo Accords.[9][8] In September 2011, Shakaa signed a petition of several Palestinian figures criticizing PA president Mahmoud Abbas' move to seek recognition of a Palestinian state based on 1967 borders at the United Nations as a distraction from the resistance that the Palestinian people must carry out. Shakaa was President of the pan-Arabist Party in Palestine (al-Tayyar al-Arabi al-Qawmi fi Falasteen). Former Nablus mayor Ghassan Shakaa and former Dutch member of parliament Arjan El Fassed are his nephews.
Shakaa died on 22 July 2019 in Nablus, aged 89.[10][2]
References
[edit]- ^ "Biographies of Palestinian political leaders since 1967". Middle East Reference. Archived from the original on 15 October 2006.
- ^ a b Rasgon, Adam (23 July 2019). "Ex-Nablus mayor Bassam Shakaa, who was injured by Jewish terrorists, dies at 89". Times of Israel. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
- ^ "Bassam Shak'a - Politicians (1930 - 2019)". Interactive Encyclopedia of the Palestine Question – palquest. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
- ^ "ISRAEL: Two Teeth for a Tooth!". Time magazine. 16 June 1980. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
- ^ Neff, Donald (June 1999). "Jewish Terrorists Try to Assassinate Three Palestinian Mayors". Washington Report on Middle East Affairs. p. 87-88. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
- ^ Rubinstein, Danny (15 July 2005). "Fighting Words Far From the Madding Crowd". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
- ^ Middle East International No 270, 7 March 1986, Publishers Lord Mayhew, Dennis Walters. Daoud Kuttab p. 6
- ^ a b El Fassed, Arjan (29 August 2005). "The Absence of National Unity: An Interview with Bassam Shaka". Electronic Intifada. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
- ^ "Palestinians arrested for criticicing self-rule authority". BBC. 28 November 1999. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
- ^ "نابلس: الموت يغيب المناضل الفلسطيني بسام الشكعة عن عمر يناهز 90 عامًا". alarab.com (in Arabic). 22 July 2019. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
Further reading
[edit]- Marion Woolfson: Bassam Shaka, portrait of a Palestinian. London: Third World Centre, 1981, ISBN 0-86199-009-9
- "The Bassam Shakaa Collection". The Palestinian Museum Digital Archive. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
- Baroud, Ramzy (29 July 2019). "'Organic intellectual' Shakaa was a true Palestinian leader". Arab News. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
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