Andrey Markov Jr.
Andrey Andreyevich Markov (Russian: Андре́й Андре́евич Ма́рков; 22 September 1903, Saint Petersburg – 11 October 1979, Moscow) was a Soviet mathematician, the son of the Russian mathematician Andrey Markov Sr, and one of the key founders of the Russian school of constructive mathematics and logic. He made outstanding contributions to various areas of mathematics, including differential equations, topology, mathematical logic and the foundations of mathematics.[1][2]
His name is in particular associated with Markov's principle and Markov's rule in mathematical logic, Markov's theorem in knot theory and Markov algorithm in theoretical computer science. An important result that he proved in 1947 was that the word problem for semigroups was unsolvable; Emil Leon Post obtained the same result independently at about the same time. In 1953 he became a member of the Communist Party.
In 1960, Markov obtained fundamental results showing that the classification of four-dimensional manifolds is undecidable: no general algorithm exists for distinguishing two arbitrary manifolds with four or more dimensions. This is because four-dimensional manifolds have sufficient flexibility to allow us to embed any algorithm within their structure. Hence, classifying all four-manifolds would imply a solution to Turing's halting problem. Embedding implies failure to create a correspondence between algorithms and indexing (naturally uncountably infinite, but even larger) of the four-manifolds structure. Failure is in Cantor's sense. Indexing is in Godel's sense. This result has profound implications for the limitations of mathematical analysis.
His doctoral students include Boris Kushner, Gennady Makanin, and Nikolai Shanin.
Awards and honors
[edit]- Medal "For Valiant Labour in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" (1945)
- Order of the Badge of Honour (1945)
- Medal "For the Defence of Leningrad" (1946)
- Order of Lenin (1954)
- Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1963)
Notes
[edit]- ^ Kushner, Boris A (2006). "The constructive mathematics of A. A. Markov". Amer. Math. Monthly. 113 (6): 559–566. doi:10.2307/27641983. JSTOR 27641983. MR 2231143.
- ^ Glukhov, M. M.; Nagornyĭ, N. M. (2004). "Andreĭ Andreevich Markov (on the centenary of his birth)". Diskrete Math. Appl. 14 (1): 1–6. doi:10.1515/156939204774148776. MR 2069985. S2CID 120486293.
External links
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- 1903 births
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- 20th-century Russian mathematicians
- Mathematicians from Saint Petersburg
- Academic staff of Saint Petersburg State University
- Corresponding Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
- Communist Party of the Soviet Union members
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- Recipients of the Order of Lenin
- Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
- Mathematical logicians
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