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Alos-Sibas-Abense

Coordinates: 43°07′12″N 0°52′29″W / 43.12°N 0.8747°W / 43.12; -0.8747
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Alos-Sibas-Abense
Aloze-Ziboze-Onizegaine
Commune
The church of Alos
The church of Alos
Coat of arms of Alos-Sibas-Abense
Coat of arms
Location of Alos-Sibas-Abense
Map
Alos-Sibas-Abense is located in France
Alos-Sibas-Abense
Alos-Sibas-Abense
Alos-Sibas-Abense is located in Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Alos-Sibas-Abense
Alos-Sibas-Abense
Coordinates: 43°07′12″N 0°52′29″W / 43.12°N 0.8747°W / 43.12; -0.8747
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
DepartmentPyrénées-Atlantiques
ArrondissementOloron-Sainte-Marie
CantonMontagne Basque
IntercommunalityCA Pays Basque
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Jean-Pierre Iriart[1]
Area
1
5.78 km2 (2.23 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[2]
320
 • Density55/km2 (140/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
64017 /64470
Elevation204–414 m (669–1,358 ft)
(avg. 221 m or 725 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Alos-Sibas-Abense (French pronunciation: [alɔs sibas abɛ̃s]; Basque: Aloze-Ziboze-Onizegaine)[3] is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.

It is located in the former province of Soule.[3]

Geography

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Alos-Sibas-Abense is located some 90 km south-east of Bayonne and 80m km west of Lourdes. The D918 road runs down the eastern border of the commune, but does not enter. Access to the commune is on road D247 from Alcay-Alcabehety-Sunharette in the southwest which runs through the heart of the commune to the village. It then continues to the southeast linking with the D918 at Tardets-Sorholus. Most of the commune is farmland with some forest and it has a network of country roads covering most of the commune.[4]

Hydrography

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Located in the Drainage basin of the Adour, the Saison river passes along and forms the eastern border of the commune parallel with the D918 road. The Aphoura stream (18 km), which is fed by the Ardounc, the Batasse (10.1 km), the Laritolle, the Jaga, and the Uthurrotche erreka, flows near the village and to the Saisson.

Places and hamlets

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  • Abense
  • Althondo
  • Ansola
  • Barnech
  • Basterrèche
  • Basterreix
  • Belle-Sise
  • Canderats
  • Choy-Cantaguia
  • Curutchet
  • Domec[5]
  • Eskiéta
  • Etchandy
  • Eyhéra
  • Hastoy
  • Mendiondoa
  • Mendisquer[5]
  • Ohix
  • La Papeterie
  • Péko Urupéa
  • Quihillaborda
  • La Salle[5]
  • Samalgagna
  • Sibas
  • Uhalte-Borde

[6]

Toponymy

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The commune name in Basque is Aloze-Ziboze-Onizegaine.[3][7]

The Basque form of Sibas can be Ziboz(e) or Ziborotz(e).[8]

Jean-Baptiste Orpustan[8] suggested that Abense came from a Roman phonetic change to the Basque Oniz > onise > oénse > auénse > abense. The base of the name is the oronym ona, also present in Bayonne and Oneix. The modern Basque form (Onizegañia,[8] Onizegañe[8] or Omiz(e)[8]) are equivalent to "Upper" (gain(e)a > gañia).

Brigitte Jobbé-Duval[7] suggests that Oniz is the name of a noble Basque family.

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Name Spelling Date Source Page Origin Description
Alos Alos 1327 Orpustan
190
 Village
Alos 1338 Orpustan
190
Alos 1375 Raymond
5
 Luntz
Alos in terra de Soule 1405 Raymond
5
 Gascon roles
Alos in terra de Sole 1405 Orpustan
190
Alos 1690 Orpustan
190
Alos 1750 Cassini
Sibas Sivas 1178 Raymond
161
 Duchesne Village
Sivas 1327 Orpustan
191
Sent-Martin de Silvez 1520 Raymond
161
 Soule
Sibas 1690 Orpustan
191
Sivas 1690 Orpustan
191
Sibas 1750 Cassini
Abense Evense 1337 Orpustan
189
 Village
Abense prope Tardetz 1385 Raymond
2
 Duchesne
Avense pres tardets 1520 Orpustan
189
prop Tardetz Avense 1690 Orpustan
189
Abense de Haut 1750 Cassini
Abense de Haut 1793 EHESS
Abeuze 1801 EHESS Bulletin des lois
Abense-de-Haut 1863 Raymond
1
Domec Domec 1385 Raymond
55
 Duchesne Fief, depended on the Viscounts of Soule and its title counted as one of the ten potestats of Soule
Mendisquer Menrisqueta 1385 Raymond
111
 Duchesne Fief, vassal of the Viscounts of Soule
La Salle La Sale de Sibas 1455 Raymond
153
 Duchesne Fief, vassal of the Viscounts of Soule

Sources:

Origins:

  • Luntz:[9]
  • Soule: Customs of Soule[10]
  • Duchesne: Duchesne collection volume CXIV[11]
  • Town Hall at Alos
    Town Hall at Alos
  • Old Hilarri at Alos
    Old Hilarri at Alos
  • The Church of Sibas
    The Church of Sibas
  • Old Hilarri at Sibas
    Old Hilarri at Sibas
  • Trinity Bell Tower at the Church of Abense
    Trinity Bell Tower at the Church of Abense
  • Hilarri at Abense
    Hilarri at Abense

History

[edit]

Sibas merged with Alos on 23 October 1843 to form Alos-Sibas. On 16 April 1859, following the annexation of part of the territory of Abense-de-Haut, the commune took the name of Alos-Sibas-Abense.

On the same day the commune of Abense-de-Haut disappeared, its territory being divided between Alos-Sibas and Tardets.

Heraldry

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Arms of Alos-Sibas-Abense
Arms of Alos-Sibas-Abense
 The motto of the commune is atzotik biharrera (from yesterday to tomorrow)

Blazon:
Or, a bridge of three arches argent masoned in sable over a party per fess barry wavy of 4 azure and argent and surmounted by a comma sun gules of eight arms all over a terrace in base of 3 pales; the first Or with a tower in sable turreted windows and door open; the second gules a plume argent in an inkpot sable; the third azure 3 commas argent inverted in chief.



Administration

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Lists of Successive Mayors of Alos-Sibas-Abense[12]

Until 1843

[edit]
Alos
From To Name Party Position
1796 1798 Alexis Carriquert
1798 1799 Pierre Queheille
1799 1824 Jean Bastereche
1824 1836 Jean d'Arthex
1836 1845 Arnaud Sallabert
Sibas
From To Name Party Position
1795 1798 Jean Carrique
1798 1808 Philippe Etchart
1808 1813 Jean Harritchague
1813 1825 Jean Carrique
1825 1832 Jean-Pierre d'Arthez-Lassalle
1832 1845 Dominique Erbin called Etchecopar
Abense-de-Haut
From To Name Party Position
1793 1795 André Etchart
1795 1806 Jean Althabegoity called Oliberou
1806 1810 Arnaud Irigonegaray
1810 1816 Jean-Baptiste Detchandy
1816 1824 Casimir Etchebarne
1824 1848 Jean-Baptiste Detchandy

Until 1859

[edit]
Alos-Sibas
From To Name Party Position
1845 1847 Arnaud Sallabert
1847 1859 Jules Basterreche
Abense-de-Haut
From To Name Party Position
1848 1848 André Etchart
1848 1852 Jean Etchecopar dit Etchahoun
1852 1859 Laurent Maytie

After 1859

[edit]
Alos-Sibas-Abense
From To Name Party Position
1859 1871 Jules Basterreche
1871 1875 Arnaud André d'Arthez Lassale
1875 1881 Jules Basterreche
1881 1888 Pierre Arainty
1888 1896 Pierre Arrospidegaray
1896 1900 Jean-Pierre Mendicouague
1900 1904 Arnaud Ibar
1904 1912 Arnaud Cocosteguy
1912 1916 Bernard Larragneguy
1916 1918 Bernard Mondot
1918 1919 Bernard Larragneguy
1919 1929 Jean Iriart
1929 1939 Pierre Marmissole
1939 1940 Joseph Etchart
1940 1951 Pierre Marmissole
1951 1953 Bernard Aguer
1953 1971 Général Pierre Montjean
1971 1983 Pierre Luchillo
1983 2001 Pierre-Clémént Iratçabal
2001 2008 Anne-Marie Etcheberry
2008 2014 Jean-Pierre Iriart

Intercommunality

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The town is part of six intercommunal structures:[13]

  • the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque
  • the union to support Basque culture
  • SIVOM of the canton of Tardets
  • the municipal association for the gaves of Oloron and Mauleon
  • SIVU for Tourism in Haute-Soule and Barétous
  • the AEP Union for Soule country

Demography

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The population data given in the table and graph below for 1836 and earlier refer to the former commune of Alos, and for 1841-1851 to the former commune of Alos-Sibas. The inhabitants of the commune are known as Aloztar-Ziboztar-Oniztar.[14]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 188—    
1800 212+1.73%
1806 218+0.47%
1821 213−0.15%
1831 223+0.46%
1836 223+0.00%
1841 360+10.05%
1846 354−0.34%
1851 316−2.25%
1856 646+15.37%
1861 565−2.64%
1866 505−2.22%
1872 527+0.71%
1876 523−0.19%
1881 538+0.57%
1886 530−0.30%
1891 536+0.23%
1896 511−0.95%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901 484−1.08%
1906 463−0.88%
1911 453−0.44%
1921 437−0.36%
1926 421−0.74%
1931 415−0.29%
1936 414−0.05%
1946 401−0.32%
1954 352−1.62%
1962 368+0.56%
1968 343−1.17%
1975 361+0.73%
1982 316−1.88%
1990 309−0.28%
1999 319+0.35%
2007 269−2.11%
2012 303+2.41%
2017 319+1.03%
Source: EHESS[15] and INSEE[16]

Economy

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Economic activity is mainly focused on agriculture (livestock and pasture). The town is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée zone of Ossau-iraty.

Culture and heritage

[edit]

Civil heritage

[edit]
  • Etchandia House, formerly owned by the Etchandy family.
  • La Salle d'Abense

Religious heritage

[edit]

The Church of Abense contains a Processional Cross (15th century) which is registered as an historical object.[17]

Environmental heritage

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The common practices Controlled burns[18] for prevention of forest fires.

Facilities

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The town has an early childhood hub (Child care centre and a creche) and an Ikastola.

See also

[edit]

References

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  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
  2. ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. ^ a b c ALOZE-ZIBOZE-ONIZEGAINE, Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia (in Spanish)
  4. ^ a b Google Maps
  5. ^ a b c d Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French)
  6. ^ Géoportail, IGN (in French)
  7. ^ a b Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of Placenames - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Archives and Culture, ISBN 978-2-35077-151-9 (in French)
  8. ^ a b c d e f Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, p. 189-191, ISBN 2 86781 396 4 (in French)
  9. ^ Contracts retained by Luntz, Notary of Béarn, in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  10. ^ Customs of Soule in 1520, printed at Pau in 1760
  11. ^ Duchesne Collection, volumes 99 to 114, containing the papers of Oihenart, former Imperial Librarian - Bibliothèque nationale de France
  12. ^ List of Mayors of France (in French)
  13. ^ Intercommunality of Pyrénées-Atlantiques[permanent dead link‍], Cellule informatique préfecture 64, consulted on 9 November 2011
  14. ^ Pyrénées-Atlantiques, habitants.fr
  15. ^ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Alos-Sibas-Abense, EHESS (in French).
  16. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  17. ^ Base Palissy: Processional Cross, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  18. ^ Alos-Sibas-Abense Archived 2008-10-13 at the Wayback Machine
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