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[[Image:Sisley-Lane near a Small Town.jpg|thumb|''Lane Near a Small Town''. Alfred Sisley, c. 1864.]]
[[Image:Sisley-Lane near a Small Town.jpg|thumb|''Lane Near a Small Town''. Alfred Sisley, c. 1864.]]


dark browns, greens, and pale blues. They were often executed at [[Marly]] and [[Saint-Cloud]].
Sisley was born in [[Paris]] to affluent English parents; his father, William Sisley, was in the [[silk]] business, and his mother, Felicia Sell, was a cultivated music [[connoisseur]]. At the age of 18, Sisley was sent to London to study for a career in business, but he abandoned it after four years and returned to Paris. Beginning in 1862 he studied at the [[studio|atelier]] of Swiss artist [[Marc-Charles-Gabriel Gleyre]], where he became acquainted with [[Frédéric Bazille]], [[Claude Monet]], and [[Pierre-Auguste Renoir]]. Together they would paint landscapes ''[[en plein air]]'' (in the open air) in order to realistically capture the transient effects of sunlight. This approach, innovative at the time, resulted in paintings more colorful and more broadly painted than the public was accustomed to seeing. Consequently, Sisley and his friends initially had few opportunities to exhibit or sell their work. Unlike some of his fellow students who suffered financial hardships, Sisley received an allowance from his father until 1870, after which time he became increasingly poor. Sisley's student works are lost. His earliest known work, ''Lane near a Small Town'', is believed to have been painted around 1864. His first landscape paintings are sombre, coloured with dark browns, greens, and pale blues. They were often executed at [[Marly]] and [[Saint-Cloud]].


[[Image:Pierre-Auguste Renoir 111.jpg|thumb|''Portrait d’Alfred Sisley'' (1874); oil painting by [[Pierre-Auguste Renoir]].]]
[[Image:Pierre-Auguste Renoir 111.jpg|thumb|''Portrait d’Alfred Sisley'' (1874); oil painting by [[Pierre-Auguste Renoir]].]]

Revision as of 07:03, 18 February 2009

Alfred Sisley
Alfred Sisley
EducationMarc-Charles-Gabriel Gleyre
Known forPainting
MovementImpressionism

Alfred Sisley (30 October 1839 – 29 January 1899) was an English Impressionist landscape painter who was born and spent most of his life in France. Sisley is recognized as perhaps the most consistent of the Impressionists, never deviating into figure painting or finding that the movement did not fulfill his artistic needs.

Life and work

Lane Near a Small Town. Alfred Sisley, c. 1864.

dark browns, greens, and pale blues. They were often executed at Marly and Saint-Cloud.

Portrait d’Alfred Sisley (1874); oil painting by Pierre-Auguste Renoir.
Bridge at Villeneuve-la-Garenne. 1872. Alfred Sisley. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art.

In 1866, he began a relationship with Eugénie Lesouezec (also known as Marie Lescouezec), a Breton living in Paris, with whom he had two children.[1] His financial security vanished in 1870 when his father's business failed, and Sisley's sole means of support became the sale of his works. For the remainder of his life he would live in poverty; his paintings rose significantly in monetary value only after his death.[2] In 1880 Sisley and his family moved to a small village near Moret-sur-Loing, close to the forest of Fontainebleau where the painters of the Barbizon school had worked earlier in the century. Here, as art historian Anne Poulet has said, "the gentle landscapes with their constantly changing atmosphere were perfectly attuned to his talents. Unlike Monet, he never sought the drama of the rampaging ocean or the brilliantly colored scenery of the Côte d'Azur."[3]

Apart from the period spent in London between 1857 and 1861—and brief trips to England in 1874, 1881, and 1897—Sisley lived his entire life in France. Little is known about his relationship with the paintings of J. M. W. Turner and John Constable, which he may possibly have seen in London, although these artists have been suggested as an influence on his development as an Impressionist painter,[4] as have Gustave Courbet and Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot.


Among the Impressionists Sisley has been overshadowed by Monet, although his work most resembles that of Camille Pissarro. Described by art historian Robert Rosenblum as having "almost a generic character, an impersonal textbook idea of a perfect Impressionist painting",[5] his work strongly invokes atmosphere and his skies are always very impressive. His concentration on landscape subjects was the most consistent of any of the Impressionists.

In 1874 he produced nearly twenty paintings of the Upper Thames near Molesey: a series described by Kenneth Clark as "a perfect moment of Impressionism."

In 1897 Sisley and his partner visited Wales and were finally married in Cardiff Register Office on 5 August.[6] The following year he applied for French citizenship but was refused; a second application was made and supported by a police report, however illness intervened, [7] with Sisley remaining English till his death. Sisley died in Moret-sur-Loing at the age of 59, just a few months after the death of his wife.

Works

Among Sisley's best-known works are Street in Moret and Sand Heaps, both owned by the Art Institute of Chicago, and The Bridge at Moret-sur-Loing shown at Musée d'Orsay, Paris. Allée des peupliers de Moret (The Lane of Poplars at Moret) has been stolen three times from the Musée des Beaux-Arts in Nice. Once in 1978 when on loan in Marseille (recovered a few days later in the city's sewers), again in 1998 (in which the museum's curator was convicted of the theft and jailed for five years along with two accomplices) and finally in August 2007. On 4 June 2008, the French National Police recovered it and three other stolen paintings from inside a van in Marseilles.[8]

Selected works

Flood at Port-Marly, 1876
  • Lane near a Small Town, c. 1864
    Lane near a Small Town, c. 1864
  • Avenue of Chestnut Trees near La Celle-Saint-Cloud, 1865
    Avenue of Chestnut Trees near La Celle-Saint-Cloud, 1865
  • Early Snow at Louveciennes, c. 1871-1872
    Early Snow at Louveciennes, c. 1871-1872
  • Bridge at Villeneuve-la-Garenne 1872
    Bridge at Villeneuve-la-Garenne 1872
  • Footbridge at Argenteuil, 1872
    Footbridge at Argenteuil, 1872
  • Chemin de la Machine Louveciennes, 1873
    Chemin de la Machine Louveciennes, 1873
  • Sentier de la Mi-cote, Louveciennes, 1873
    Sentier de la Mi-cote, Louveciennes, 1873
  • Among the Vines Louveciennes, 1874
    Among the Vines Louveciennes, 1874
  • Bridge at Hampton Court, 1874
    Bridge at Hampton Court, 1874
  • Molesey Weir - Morning, 1874
    Molesey Weir - Morning, 1874
  • Regatta at Hampton Court, 1874
    Regatta at Hampton Court, 1874
  • Regatta at Molesey, 1874
    Regatta at Molesey, 1874
  • Snow on the Road Louveciennes, 1874
    Snow on the Road Louveciennes, 1874
  • Under the Bridge at Hampton Court, 1874
    Under the Bridge at Hampton Court, 1874
  • Flood at Port-Marly, 1876
    Flood at Port-Marly, 1876
  • Small Meadows in Spring, c. 1881
    Small Meadows in Spring, c. 1881


Notes

  1. ^ Turner, 2000, pp. 400-401.
  2. ^ Denvir, 2000, p. 265.
  3. ^ Poulet, 1979, p. 77.
  4. ^ Turner, 2000, p. 401.
  5. ^ Rosenblum, 1989, p.306.
  6. ^ www.museumwales.ac.uk
  7. ^ BBC Radio 4 6th November 2008, Misfits in France
  8. ^ "French National Pleads Guilty to International Stolen Art Conspiracy" (Web). earthtimes.com. 2008-07-10. Retrieved 2007-08-08. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)

References

  • Denvir, B. (2000). The Chronicle of Impressionism: An Intimate DIary of the Lives and World of the Great Artists. London: Thames & Hudson. OCLC 43339405
  • Poulet, A. L., & Murphy, A. R. (1979). Corot to Braque: French Paintings from the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Boston: The Museum. ISBN 0-87846-134-5
  • Reed, Nicholas, (2008). Sisley on the Thames and the Welsh Coast. Lilburne Press. ISBN 978-1-901167-20-7
  • Rosenblum, Robert (1989). Paintings in the Musée d'Orsay. New York: Stewart, Tabori & Chang. ISBN 1-55670-099-7
  • Turner, J. (2000). From Monet to Cézanne: late 19th-century French artists. Grove Art. New York: St Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-22971-2
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