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====Modern====
====Modern====
* [[Alexander (magician)]], stage magician specializing in mentalism
* [[Alexander Pope]] (1688–1744), English poet
* [[Alexander Hamilton]] (1755–1804), a Founding Father of the United States
* [[Alexander Pushkin]] (1799–1837), Russian writer
* [[Alexandre Dumas, père|Alexandre Dumas]] (1802–1870), French writer
* [[Alexander Graham Bell]] (1847–1922), inventor of the first practical telephone
* [[Alexander Fleming]] (1881–1955), discoverer of penicillin
* [[Alexander (magician)]] (1880–1954), stage magician specializing in mentalism
* [[Alexander Korda]] (1893–1956), film director
* [[Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn]] (1918–2008), Russian writer
* [[Alexander Dubček]] (1921–1992), leader of Czechoslovakia (1968–1969)
* [[Alexander Salkind]] (1921–1997), film producer
* [[Alexander Haig]] (1924–2010), United States general and politician
* [[Alexander McCall Smith]] (born 1948), Scottish writer
* [[Alexander O'Neal]] (born 1953), American singer
* [[Alec Baldwin]] (born 1958), American actor
* [[Sandy Lyle]] (born 1958), Scottish golfer
* [[Alexander McQueen]] (1969–2010), British fashion designer
* [[Alexander Popov (swimmer)|Alexander Popov]] (born 1971) Russian swimmer


=== Fictional people with the name Alexander ===
=== Fictional people with the name Alexander ===

Revision as of 12:00, 16 September 2010

This article is about the male first name. For other uses, see Alexander (disambiguation).
Alexander
Alexander the Great
GenderMale
Origin
Word/nameGreek
Meaning"Defender of Man"

Alexander is a common male first name, and less common surname. The most famous is Alexander the Great, the King of Macedon who created one of the largest empires in ancient history.

Origin

Etymologically, the name is derived from the Greek "Αλέξανδρος" (Aléxandros), meaning "defending men" [1] or "protector of men", a compound of the verb "ἀλέξω" (alexō), "to ward off, to avert, to defend"[2] and the noun "ἀνδρός" (andros), genitive of "ἀνήρ" (anēr), "man".[3] It is an example of the widespread motif of Greek (or Indo-European more generally) names expressing "battle-prowess", in this case the ability to withstand or push back an enemy battle line.[citation needed]

The earliest attested form of the name is the Mycenaean Greek feminine noun a-re-ka-sa-da-ra, (transliterated as Alexandra), written in Linear B syllabic script.[4][5][6]

The name was one of the titles ("epithets") given to the Greek goddess Hera and as such is usually taken to mean "one who comes to save warriors". In the Iliad, the character Paris is known also as Alexander.[7] The name's popularity was spread throughout the Greek world by the military conquests of King Alexander III, commonly known as "Alexander the Great". Most later Alexanders in various countries were directly or indirectly named for him.[citation needed]

Alexander as a given name

Alexander has been the name of many rulers, including kings of Macedon, kings of Scotland, emperors of Russia and popes.

Rulers of antiquity

Rulers of the Middle Ages

Modern rulers

Other royals

Several other princes have borne the name Alexander:

Religious leaders

Other people

Other people using the name Alexander include:

Antiquity

Middle Ages

Modern

Fictional people with the name Alexander

  • Alex (A Clockwork Orange), the main character from the novel A Clockwork Orange and its film adaptation
  • Xander Harris, one of the main characters of the Buffy the Vampire Slayer franchise
  • Alexander (Summons), a summoned avatar from the Final Fantasy series of games
  • Alex Rider, the main character from the novel Stormbreaker and the film adaptation
  • Alexander Rozhenko, the Klingon son of Worf in the television series "Star Trek: The Next Generation" and "Star Trek: Deep Space Nine"
  • Sasha Nein, a main character from the video game Psychonauts.

Variants and diminutives

  • Albanian – Aleksandër, Leka, Lekë, Sandër, Skënder, Leksi, Leks, Aleko, Lisandër
  • Amharic – እስከንደር (Eskender)
  • Arabic – الاسكندر / اسكندر (Iskandar)
  • Aragonese – Alexandre, Alixandre
  • Armenian – Ալեքսանդր (Aleksandr/Alexandr), Ալեքսան (Aleksan/Alexan), Ալեք (Aleq), Ալիկ (Alik)
  • Asturian – Alexandru
  • Azerbaijani – İsgəndər (Isgandar)
  • Bangla – Sikandar Alakshendra, Iskandar, Skandar, Alekzandar
  • Bashkir – Искәндәр (Iskәndәr)
  • Basque – Alesander
  • Belarusian – Аляксандp (Aliaksandr, in normative spelling), Аляксандаp (Alaksandar, in Taraškievica spelling), Алeсь (Aleś)
  • Bosnian – Aleksandar
  • Bulgarian – Александър (Aleksandar), Сашо (Sasho), Aлекс (Aleks)
  • Catalan – Alexandra (feminine), Alexandre, Àlex, Aleix, Xandre
  • Chinese – 亞歷山大 (Yalishanda)
  • Corsican – Lisandru
  • Croatian – Aleksandar, Saša, Aco, Aleksandra (feminine)
  • Czech – Alexandr
  • Danish – Alexander, Alex, Alexandra (feminine)
  • Dutch – Alexander, Alex, Lex, Sander, Xander
  • Estonian – Aleksander, Sander
  • Ethiopian – Eskender
  • English – Alexander, Alec, Alex, Alan, Ali, Al, Andy, Alexis, Alexa (feminine), Alexandria (feminine), Alexandra (feminine), Lex, Lexxi, Sandra (feminine), Sandy, Sasha (feminine), Xander, Xandra (feminine), Zandra (feminine), Zander
  • Esperanto – Aleksandro, Aleksaĉjo, Aleĉjo, Aĉjo, Alekso, Aleksandra (feminine), Aleksino (feminine), Aleksanjo (feminine), Anjo (feminine)
  • Extremaduran – Alejandru
  • Faroese – Aleksandur
  • French – Alexandre, Alexis, Alex
  • Filipino – Alexander, Alejandro, Alejo, Alex, Sandy, Zandro, Alexandra (feminine), Alessandra (feminine)
  • Finnish – Aleksanteri, Santeri, Santtu
  • Galician – Alexandre, Álex
  • Georgian/ქართულად – ალექსანდრე (Alexandré),(Aleksandre) ალეკო (Aleko), ლექსო (Lexo).
  • German – Alexander, Alex, Alexandrine (feminine), Alexandra (female), Sascha, Sander
  • Greek – Αλέξανδρος (Aléxandros)
  • Hebrew – אלכסנדר (Alexander), אלכס (Alex)
  • Hindi – Hindustani – Sikandar Alakshendra अलक्षेन्द्र
  • Hungarian – Sándor
  • Indonesian – Iskandar
  • Icelandic – Alexander, Alex, Alexis, Axel, Alexandra (feminine)
  • Interlingua – Alexandro
  • Irish (Gaeilge) – Alasandar, Alastar, Alsander
  • Italian – Alessandro, Ale, Alex, Sandro, Alessio, Aleandro, Alessandra (feminine), Sandra (feminine), Alessia (feminine)
  • Japanese – アレキサンダー (Alexander), アレックス (Arekkusu), アレクサンドロス (Arekusandorosu)
  • Javanese – Alexander, Iskandar
  • Kazakh – Eskendir
  • Korean – 알렉산드로스 (Alleksandeuroseu), (알렉산드로스 대왕 Alleksandeuroseu Daewang means Alexander the Great)
  • Kurdish – Askander, Eskander, Îskenderê
  • Kyrgyz – Искендер (İskender)
  • Latvian – Aleksandrs (Aleksandrs)
  • Latin – Alexander, Alexandrus
  • Lithuanian– Aleksandras
  • Lombard – Lisander
  • Macedonian – Александар (Aleksandar), Алек (Alek), Аце (Atse), Ацо (Atso), Сашо (Sasho)
  • Malay – Iskandar
  • Malayalam – ചാണ്ടി (Chandy)
  • Maltese – Lixandru
  • Mandarin Chinese - Yalishanda or Alishanda
  • Manx – Alastar, Alister
  • Mirandese – Alxandre
  • Norwegian – Alexander,Alex,Alexandra(feminine)
  • Occiadental – Alexandro
  • Occitan – Alexandre
  • Persian – اسكندر (Eskandar) or اسکندر گجسته (Eskandare Gojaste)
  • Polish – Aleksander, Alek, Olek, Aleks
  • Portuguese – Alexandre, Alexandra (feminine), Alexandro (rare), Alex, Sandro, Sandra (feminine), Alessandro, Alessandra (feminine), Xande, Xandre
  • Romanian — Alexandru, Alexandra (feminine), Alex, Sandu, Sanda (feminine), Sandra (feminine), Alecu, Aleca (feminine), Sasa (feminine)
  • Russian — Александр (Aleksandr), Александра (Aleksandra, feminine), Саша (Sasha), Сашка (Sashka), Сашок (Sashok), Шура (Shura), Шурик (Shurik), Саня (Sanya), Санька (San'ka), Санёк (Sanyok), Алик (Alik), Сан Саныч (San Sanych) [if his father's name is Aleksandr too, a shorten form for Александр Александрович (Aleksandr Aleksandrovich)], Лексан (Leksan)(spoken, non-official,usually with a patronymic name, e.g. Лексан Михалыч (Lexan Mikhalych), shorten form for Александр Михайлович (Aleksandr Mikhailovich))
  • Sanskrit language – Alekchendra
  • Scots Gaelic – Alasdair, Alastair, Alistair, Alisdair, Aldair
  • Serbian – Александар (Aleksandar), Алекса (Aleksa), Алекс (Aleks), Саша (Saša), Сале (Sale), Аца (Aca), Александра (Aleksandra, feminine), Сандра (Sandra, feminine), Сашка (Saška, feminine)
  • Sicilian – Alissandru
  • Sinhala - Ishkander
  • Old Church Slavonic – Алєѯандръ (Aleksandr, Alexandr)
  • Slovak – Alexander
  • Slovene – Aleksander, Aleks, Sandi, Sašo
  • Spanish – Alejandro, Alexandro, Alejo, Alex, Jandro, Jano, Lisandro, Alejandra (feminine), Lisandra (feminine)
  • Swedish – Alexander, Alex, Alexandra (feminine)
  • Tamil – Aleksandar
  • Telugu – Alexandaru
  • Thai – อเล็กซานเดอร์ (Aleksāndə̄[r] (Aleksandar))
  • Turkish – İskender
  • Ukrainian — Олександр (Olexandr, Oleksandr), Олекса (Oleksa, Olexa), Сашко (Sashko), Олесь (Oles')
  • Urdu – Pakistani – سکندر (Sikandar) or اسكندر (Eskandar)
  • Uzbek – Iskandar
  • Venetian – Alessandro
  • Vietnamese – Alêchxăngđrơ, A-Lịch-Sơn
  • Võro – Aleksandri
  • Welsh – Alecsander
  • West Frisian – Aleksander
  • Yiddish – סענדער – Sender, Senderl

See also

References

  1. ^ ἀλέξανδρος, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus Digital Library
  2. ^ ἀλέξω, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus Digital Library
  3. ^ ἀνήρ, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus Digital Library
  4. ^ a-re-ka-sa-da-ra (Alexandra) Palaeolexicon, Word study tool of ancient languages
  5. ^ Mycenaean (Linear B) – English Glossary
  6. ^ The Mycenaean World, John Chadwick, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1976, 1999
  7. ^ Ἀλέξανδρος, Georg Autenrieth, A Homeric Dictionary, on Perseus Digital Library
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