'Ala' al-Dawla Simnani
'Ala' al-Dawla Simnani (Persian: علاءالدوله سمنانی; November 1261 – 6 March 1336) was a Persian Sūfī of the Kubrāwī order,[1] a writer and a teacher of Sufism. He was born in Semnan, Iran. He studied the tradition of Sufism from Nur al-Din Isfarayini.[2] He also wrote many books on Sufism and Islam. Among his students were Ashraf Jahangir Semnani[3] and Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani.
There was disagreement in those days among ulema and Sufis about various cultural issues, most notably the distinction of Persianate Ajami Islam that was more widespread than the more puritanical Arabized forms. Some proponents of Arabized Islam were furious at Sufi elements that blended elements of Hinduism and deviated from the most strict interpretations of Shari'a. Simnani was a central figure in these debates as the intellectual wellspring of Central Asian mysticism, contrasted with the views of Ibn Arabi, who decried the Sufi philosophies.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ J. C. Heesterman (1989). India and Indonesia: General Perspectives. E. J. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-08365-3.
- ^ Ehsan Yarshater (September 1996). Encyclopaedia Iranica. Routledge & Kegan Paul. ISBN 978-1-56859-028-8.
- ^ ‘'MUQADDEMA-E- LATĀIF-E-ASHRAFI' Book in PERSIAN, Published by Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
- ^ Jalal, Ayesha (2009). Partisans of Allah: Jihad in South Asia. Harvard University Press. p. 37. ISBN 9780674039070.
Further reading
[edit]- Jamal J. Elias. The Throne Carrier of God: The Life and Thought of 'Ala' ad-dawla as-Simnani Archived 2016-08-08 at the Wayback Machine. SUNY Press, 1995. ISBN 0-7914-2612-2
- Javad Shams, Mohammad (2015). "ʿAlāʾ al-Dawla Simnānī". In Madelung, Wilferd; Daftary, Farhad (eds.). Encyclopaedia Islamica Online. Brill Online. ISSN 1875-9831.
- Lewisohn, Leonard (2019). "Sufism in Late Mongol and Early Timurid Persia, from 'Ala' al-Dawla Simnānī (d. 736/1326) to Shāh Qāsim Anvār (d. 837/1434)". In Babaie, Sussan (ed.). Iran After the Mongols. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 177–211. ISBN 978-1788315289.
